Astronomical Data

-Methond of Residuals
-Simulations
dimitri deliyiannis
Aristotle University
of Thessaloniki
email:deliyiannis@yahoo.gr
December 15, 2013

ASTRONOMICAL DATA

The astronomical data I have in my disposal are the measurements of the distance modulus and the redshift of 681
supernova-Ia. These 681 supernova have been chosen of a list of 715 supernova from which have been excluded those
with redshift less than 0.01. I did this to avoid errors due to their extra velocity, other than Hubble velocity. You can
see these data bellow.
Table 1:

(1)

n
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

ASTRONOMICAL DATA
Columnes 8 and 9 correspond to the Decreasing Mass model with 0 = 0.27 and H0 = 69.8
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
dimensionless
dimensionless
observational
Gaussian
Gaussian
theoretical
red
distance
luminosity
measurement
error in
luminosity
shift
modulus
distance
error in
dobv
distance
Residuals
n
SuperNova
1999cp
2002cr
2002dj
1997do
2002dp
2005dv
2006bh
2001c
1999cw
1995e
1998dk
2001fh
1999ej
2001ep
2006lf
2002ha
1997e
2005al
1992al
1999dq
1991ag

zn
0.0104
0.0104
0.0104
0.0105
0.0105
0.0106
0.0106
0.0111
0.0113
0.0117
0.0120
0.0121
0.0128
0.0129
0.0130
0.0131
0.0133
0.0133
0.0135
0.0135
0.0139

n
32.82
33.35
33.27
33.42
33.29
33.31
33.78
33.49
33.10
33.86
33.50
33.31
34.26
33.68
33.24
33.83
33.99
33.95
33.48
33.83
34.03

dobv
n
0.0085
0.0109
0.0105
0.0112
0.0106
0.0107
0.0133
0.0116
0.0097
0.0138
0.0117
0.0107
0.0165
0.0127
0.0103
0.0136
0.0146
0.0143
0.0116
0.0136
0.0149

n 0
0.26
0.26
0.22
0.26
0.30
0.23
0.28
0.30
0.30
0.24
0.28
0.30
0.28
0.23
0.30
0.23
0.19
0.27
0.26
0.22
0.19
1

n
0.001021
0.001303
0.001063
0.001346
0.001463
0.001132
0.001711
0.001604
0.001340
0.001521
0.001504
0.001476
0.002134
0.001342
0.001429
0.001438
0.001279
0.001784
0.001383
0.001375
0.001302

dthe
n
0.0105
0.0105
0.0105
0.0106
0.0106
0.0107
0.0107
0.0112
0.0114
0.0118
0.0121
0.0122
0.0130
0.0131
0.0132
0.0133
0.0135
0.0135
0.0137
0.0137
0.0141

Rn
-1.9244
0.3011
-0.0012
0.4801
-0.0048
-0.0106
1.5023
0.2477
-1.2810
1.2733
-0.3152
-1.0525
1.6832
-0.2907
-1.9705
0.2162
0.8945
0.4916
-1.5326
-0.0723
0.6143

(1)

n
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67

Continuation of Table 1
ASTRONOMICAL DATA
Columnes 8 and 9 correspond to the Decreasing Mass model with 0 = 0.27 and H0 = 69.8
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
dimensionless
dimensionless
observational
Gaussian
Gaussian
theoretical
red
distance
luminosity
measurement
error in
luminosity
shift
modulus
distance
error in
dobv
distance
Residuals
n
SuperNova
1999dk
2005kc
2006n
2001bt
1995bd
2001fe
2004eo
2004ey
2001en
2005el
1999aa
2006td
2007s
2005bo
2007ca
1994s
2001bf
2002do
2006b
2006cm
2001cn
1997cw
2001da
2001v
2001cz
1996bo
2002hw
2007ap
2000dk
2000ce
1997y
1996bv
1998ef
1998co
2006ef
1992bo
1998v
2001g
2006le
1999ek
2006ax
1993ae
2005a
2002jy
2004dt
2008l

zn
0.0139
0.0139
0.0143
0.0144
0.0144
0.0145
0.0147
0.0147
0.0149
0.0149
0.0150
0.0150
0.0150
0.0150
0.0151
0.0152
0.0152
0.0152
0.0152
0.0153
0.0154
0.0160
0.0160
0.0160
0.0163
0.0163
0.0163
0.0163
0.0164
0.0165
0.0166
0.0167
0.0167
0.0170
0.0170
0.0172
0.0172
0.0173
0.0173
0.0176
0.0179
0.0180
0.0183
0.0187
0.0188
0.0189

n
33.88
33.74
34.08
33.80
33.80
33.92
34.06
33.84
34.03
34.03
33.95
34.11
34.38
34.16
34.53
34.31
34.26
34.02
34.10
34.71
33.94
33.82
34.17
34.29
34.48
34.45
34.02
34.04
34.18
34.91
34.34
34.00
34.23
34.56
34.38
34.26
34.65
34.23
34.25
34.34
34.35
34.49
34.37
35.05
34.18
34.37

dobv
n
0.0139
0.0130
0.0152
0.0134
0.0134
0.0141
0.0151
0.0136
0.0149
0.0149
0.0143
0.0154
0.0175
0.0158
0.0187
0.0169
0.0165
0.0148
0.0154
0.0204
0.0143
0.0135
0.0159
0.0168
0.0183
0.0181
0.0148
0.0150
0.0159
0.0223
0.0172
0.0147
0.0163
0.0190
0.0175
0.0165
0.0198
0.0163
0.0165
0.0172
0.0172
0.0184
0.0174
0.0238
0.0159
0.0174

n 0
0.17
0.22
0.22
0.24
0.16
0.22
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.22
0.18
0.21
0.22
0.16
0.21
0.24
0.24
0.22
0.22
0.21
0.15
0.21
0.22
0.25
0.21
0.21
0.20
0.14
0.25
0.15
0.25
0.25
0.21
0.21
0.31
0.25
0.20
0.22
0.22
0.27
0.16
0.21
0.16
0.20
0.15
0.21

n
0.001087
0.001319
0.001543
0.001480
0.000987
0.001434
0.001251
0.001130
0.001234
0.001508
0.001189
0.001493
0.001772
0.001164
0.001812
0.001872
0.001829
0.001501
0.001557
0.001969
0.000986
0.001307
0.001608
0.001932
0.001771
0.001747
0.001365
0.000964
0.001836
0.001542
0.001977
0.001690
0.001578
0.001837
0.002497
0.001905
0.001824
0.001653
0.001669
0.002135
0.001271
0.001779
0.001283
0.002193
0.001102
0.001683

dthe
n
0.0141
0.0141
0.0145
0.0146
0.0146
0.0147
0.0149
0.0149
0.0151
0.0151
0.0152
0.0152
0.0152
0.0152
0.0153
0.0154
0.0154
0.0154
0.0154
0.0155
0.0156
0.0162
0.0162
0.0162
0.0165
0.0165
0.0165
0.0165
0.0166
0.0167
0.0168
0.0170
0.0170
0.0173
0.0173
0.0175
0.0175
0.0176
0.0176
0.0179
0.0182
0.0183
0.0186
0.0190
0.0191
0.0192

Rn
-0.1778
-0.8039
0.4775
-0.8165
-1.2248
-0.3837
0.1498
-1.1205
-0.1820
-0.1489
-0.7277
0.1551
1.2848
0.5079
1.8898
0.8105
0.6186
-0.3998
-0.0283
2.4580
-1.3592
-2.0834
-0.2233
0.2810
0.9995
0.8696
-1.2646
-1.6478
-0.3785
3.6160
0.1619
-1.3434
-0.3994
0.9479
0.0922
-0.4799
1.2836
-0.7521
-0.6547
-0.3288
-0.7310
0.0660
-0.9183
2.1958
-2.8559
-1.0633

(1)

n
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113

Continuation of Table 1
ASTRONOMICAL DATA
Columnes 8 and 9 correspond to the Decreasing Mass model with 0 = 0.27 and H0 = 69.8
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
dimensionless
dimensionless
observational
Gaussian
Gaussian
theoretical
red
distance
luminosity
measurement
error in
luminosity
shift
modulus
distance
error in
dobv
distance
Residuals
n
SuperNova
2006ej
2007ci
1999gd
2001gc
2002kf
1992bc
2000b
1998ec
2005ki
2005ls
2006kf
2007au
2003w
2006et
2006bq
2006or
2000fa
2007bc
2003k
1995ak
2001n
2004bg
2001cp
2007bz
2006ar
2007qe
2006eu
2006sr
2005m
2000cn
2006cp
2006mp
1998eg
2006ac
2000bh
2003it
2007f
2005bg
1994m
2000ca
2007cq
2002he
2002bf
2008bf
2004ap
2006br

zn
0.0192
0.0192
0.0193
0.0193
0.0195
0.0196
0.0201
0.0201
0.0204
0.0205
0.0208
0.0209
0.0211
0.0212
0.0215
0.0217
0.0218
0.0219
0.0219
0.0220
0.0221
0.0221
0.0224
0.0227
0.0229
0.0229
0.0229
0.0230
0.0230
0.0232
0.0233
0.0233
0.0235
0.0239
0.0240
0.0240
0.0242
0.0242
0.0243
0.0245
0.0247
0.0248
0.0249
0.0251
0.0251
0.0255

n
34.49
34.74
34.34
34.95
34.76
34.59
34.88
34.43
34.66
34.62
34.80
34.70
34.66
34.85
34.93
35.12
34.97
34.41
34.85
34.85
34.92
34.91
34.95
35.65
34.77
35.14
35.20
35.13
35.07
35.09
35.20
34.88
35.17
35.03
35.18
34.97
35.05
35.19
35.11
35.06
34.91
35.26
34.80
35.34
34.95
35.72

dobv
n
0.0184
0.0206
0.0172
0.0227
0.0208
0.0193
0.0220
0.0179
0.0199
0.0195
0.0212
0.0203
0.0199
0.0217
0.0225
0.0246
0.0229
0.0177
0.0217
0.0217
0.0224
0.0223
0.0227
0.0314
0.0209
0.0248
0.0255
0.0247
0.0240
0.0243
0.0255
0.0220
0.0252
0.0236
0.0253
0.0229
0.0238
0.0254
0.0245
0.0239
0.0223
0.0262
0.0212
0.0272
0.0227
0.0324

n 0
0.20
0.20
0.22
0.24
0.20
0.18
0.24
0.25
0.15
0.19
0.20
0.19
0.19
0.19
0.19
0.21
0.23
0.19
0.19
0.19
0.19
0.19
0.24
0.19
0.20
0.18
0.19
0.14
0.19
0.23
0.19
0.18
0.23
0.18
0.20
0.11
0.13
0.18
0.18
0.10
0.18
0.18
0.19
0.30
0.18
0.20

n
0.001694
0.001901
0.001739
0.002513
0.001919
0.001597
0.002433
0.002060
0.001374
0.001709
0.001954
0.001773
0.001741
0.001900
0.001971
0.002378
0.002431
0.001551
0.001900
0.001900
0.001962
0.001953
0.002513
0.002746
0.001928
0.002057
0.002232
0.001593
0.002102
0.002569
0.002232
0.001825
0.002665
0.001955
0.002328
0.001162
0.001425
0.002105
0.002029
0.001101
0.001850
0.002174
0.001857
0.003759
0.001885
0.002985

dthe
n
0.0195
0.0195
0.0196
0.0196
0.0198
0.0199
0.0204
0.0204
0.0207
0.0208
0.0211
0.0213
0.0215
0.0216
0.0219
0.0221
0.0222
0.0223
0.0223
0.0224
0.0225
0.0225
0.0228
0.0231
0.0233
0.0233
0.0233
0.0234
0.0234
0.0237
0.0238
0.0238
0.0240
0.0244
0.0245
0.0245
0.0247
0.0247
0.0248
0.0250
0.0252
0.0253
0.0254
0.0256
0.0256
0.0260

Rn
-0.6533
0.5984
-1.4010
1.2462
0.5331
-0.4057
0.6555
-1.2260
-0.6092
-0.7635
0.0358
-0.5581
-0.9009
0.0771
0.3288
1.0511
0.3102
-2.9436
-0.3074
-0.3623
-0.0414
-0.0944
-0.0327
3.0055
-1.2514
0.7173
0.9725
0.7895
0.2778
0.2328
0.7858
-0.9543
0.4486
-0.4050
0.3398
-1.3239
-0.6216
0.3323
-0.1592
-0.9880
-1.5634
0.4173
-2.2640
0.4201
-1.5355
2.1327

(1)

n
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159

Continuation of Table 1
ASTRONOMICAL DATA
Columnes 8 and 9 correspond to the Decreasing Mass model with 0 = 0.27 and H0 = 69.8
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
dimensionless
dimensionless
observational
Gaussian
Gaussian
theoretical
red
distance
luminosity
measurement
error in
luminosity
shift
modulus
distance
error in
dobv
distance
Residuals
n
SuperNova
2003ch
1999x
2006bb
2005ms
1999gp
2005mc
2003u
1992p
2000bk
2007co
2001gb
2005na
1992ag
1996c
2006ev
2004gs
2006gj
1998ab
2002es
2002de
2005eq
1993ah
2006cg
2002hu
2004ef
1994q
1997dg
2002ck
2001ba
1990o
2006bw
2006en
2006qo
2001ay
2001ie
2007r
2005lu
2006is
1999cc
2006az
2007ai
2007bd
2004as
2006os
2006te
2004gc

zn
0.0256
0.0258
0.0258
0.0259
0.0260
0.0260
0.0261
0.0265
0.0266
0.0266
0.0268
0.0268
0.0273
0.0275
0.0276
0.0276
0.0277
0.0279
0.0279
0.0283
0.0284
0.0285
0.0289
0.0292
0.0298
0.0299
0.0300
0.0303
0.0305
0.0306
0.0308
0.0308
0.0308
0.0309
0.0312
0.0312
0.0313
0.0314
0.0315
0.0315
0.0320
0.0320
0.0321
0.0321
0.0321
0.0321

n
35.68
35.35
35.28
35.42
35.38
35.37
35.36
35.48
35.32
35.48
35.26
35.44
35.09
35.65
35.48
35.92
35.71
34.67
35.09
35.52
35.55
35.35
35.02
35.99
35.47
35.48
35.97
35.63
35.60
35.55
35.59
35.78
35.63
35.93
35.88
35.63
36.07
35.74
35.65
35.73
35.59
35.83
35.38
35.87
35.65
35.90

dobv
n
0.0318
0.0273
0.0265
0.0282
0.0277
0.0276
0.0275
0.0290
0.0270
0.0290
0.0262
0.0285
0.0243
0.0314
0.0290
0.0355
0.0323
0.0200
0.0243
0.0296
0.0300
0.0273
0.0235
0.0367
0.0289
0.0290
0.0364
0.0311
0.0307
0.0300
0.0305
0.0333
0.0311
0.0357
0.0349
0.0311
0.0381
0.0327
0.0314
0.0326
0.0305
0.0341
0.0277
0.0347
0.0314
0.0352

n 0
0.19
0.19
0.23
0.18
0.18
0.11
0.19
0.19
0.18
0.11
0.13
0.21
0.18
0.18
0.13
0.19
0.18
0.18
0.22
0.18
0.13
0.22
0.19
0.17
0.12
0.18
0.22
0.18
0.09
0.17
0.17
0.17
0.18
0.18
0.17
0.18
0.12
0.18
0.17
0.23
0.17
0.19
0.13
0.17
0.18
0.17

n
0.002784
0.002392
0.002804
0.002340
0.002297
0.001398
0.002403
0.002539
0.002235
0.001470
0.001570
0.002755
0.002010
0.002602
0.001737
0.003110
0.002675
0.001657
0.002457
0.002450
0.001794
0.002770
0.002055
0.002874
0.001596
0.002406
0.003685
0.002578
0.001271
0.002347
0.002390
0.002609
0.002578
0.002960
0.002732
0.002578
0.002105
0.002712
0.002457
0.003449
0.002390
0.002984
0.001659
0.002719
0.002602
0.002757

dthe
n
0.0262
0.0264
0.0264
0.0265
0.0266
0.0266
0.0267
0.0271
0.0272
0.0272
0.0274
0.0274
0.0279
0.0281
0.0282
0.0282
0.0283
0.0285
0.0285
0.0290
0.0291
0.0292
0.0296
0.0299
0.0305
0.0306
0.0307
0.0310
0.0312
0.0313
0.0316
0.0316
0.0316
0.0317
0.0320
0.0320
0.0321
0.0322
0.0323
0.0323
0.0328
0.0328
0.0329
0.0329
0.0329
0.0329

Rn
2.0369
0.4085
0.0392
0.7558
0.5004
0.7315
0.3294
0.7625
-0.1025
1.2465
-0.7461
0.3974
-1.8233
1.2537
0.4573
2.3517
1.4707
-5.1624
-1.7452
0.2482
0.5103
-0.6591
-2.9659
2.3730
-1.0140
-0.6605
1.5345
0.0282
-0.4422
-0.5823
-0.4273
0.6787
-0.1760
1.3676
1.0677
-0.3405
2.8516
0.1940
-0.3696
0.0782
-0.9594
0.4272
-3.1420
0.6630
-0.5934
0.8291

(1)

n
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205

Continuation of Table 1
ASTRONOMICAL DATA
Columnes 8 and 9 correspond to the Decreasing Mass model with 0 = 0.27 and H0 = 69.8
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
dimensionless
dimensionless
observational
Gaussian
Gaussian
theoretical
red
distance
luminosity
measurement
error in
luminosity
shift
modulus
distance
error in
dobv
distance
Residuals
n
SuperNova
1991u
2006bt
2006cc
2006s
2005iq
2004l
2006gr
2003iv
2003cq
2003ae
2003kc
2005eu
2008af
2007cg
2002g
2005be
1994t
1996bl
2002hd
2006mo
2001eh
1992bg
2000cf
2007o
2003ai
2007cp
2002bz
1999ef
1990y
2006ak
1999aw
1990t
2005lz
2001az
2005hf
1992bl
2006cf
2006cz
2001ic
2007h
2005ku
2005hc
1992bh
1992j
2004gu
2006eq

zn
0.0324
0.0325
0.0327
0.0329
0.0329
0.0334
0.0335
0.0336
0.0337
0.0338
0.0341
0.0341
0.0341
0.0342
0.0345
0.0356
0.0357
0.0360
0.0360
0.0360
0.0362
0.0365
0.0365
0.0366
0.0369
0.0377
0.0378
0.0380
0.0387
0.0391
0.0393
0.0397
0.0402
0.0406
0.0421
0.0422
0.0423
0.0425
0.0430
0.0436
0.0437
0.0450
0.0453
0.0461
0.0470
0.0484

n
35.48
35.81
36.09
35.97
35.94
35.88
35.97
36.01
35.84
35.86
35.77
35.94
35.84
35.99
35.98
35.87
35.96
36.15
35.68
35.82
35.99
36.13
35.91
35.97
36.24
35.80
36.22
36.38
36.03
36.17
36.33
36.23
36.37
36.37
36.40
36.34
36.39
35.93
36.20
36.60
36.39
36.55
36.64
36.41
36.49
36.69

dobv
n
0.0290
0.0338
0.0384
0.0364
0.0359
0.0349
0.0364
0.0370
0.0343
0.0346
0.0332
0.0359
0.0343
0.0367
0.0365
0.0347
0.0362
0.0395
0.0318
0.0339
0.0367
0.0392
0.0354
0.0364
0.0412
0.0336
0.0408
0.0439
0.0374
0.0399
0.0429
0.0410
0.0437
0.0437
0.0443
0.0431
0.0441
0.0357
0.0404
0.0486
0.0441
0.0475
0.0495
0.0445
0.0462
0.0507

n 0
0.17
0.17
0.17
0.12
0.17
0.18
0.17
0.19
0.18
0.20
0.18
0.17
0.18
0.17
0.21
0.12
0.17
0.18
0.18
0.17
0.17
0.22
0.17
0.17
0.21
0.29
0.18
0.22
0.17
0.17
0.10
0.16
0.17
0.17
0.17
0.17
0.17
0.20
0.21
0.18
0.13
0.11
0.16
0.16
0.11
0.12

n
0.002272
0.002645
0.003009
0.002010
0.002808
0.002892
0.002847
0.003241
0.002840
0.003184
0.002749
0.002808
0.002840
0.002874
0.003533
0.001919
0.002834
0.003275
0.002638
0.002657
0.002874
0.003966
0.002770
0.002847
0.003983
0.004491
0.003383
0.004450
0.002927
0.003122
0.001977
0.003021
0.003423
0.003423
0.003471
0.003376
0.003455
0.003289
0.003910
0.004030
0.002642
0.002406
0.003648
0.003282
0.002341
0.002800

dthe
n
0.0332
0.0334
0.0336
0.0338
0.0338
0.0343
0.0344
0.0345
0.0346
0.0347
0.0350
0.0350
0.0350
0.0352
0.0355
0.0366
0.0367
0.0371
0.0371
0.0371
0.0373
0.0376
0.0376
0.0377
0.0380
0.0388
0.0390
0.0392
0.0399
0.0403
0.0405
0.0410
0.0415
0.0419
0.0435
0.0436
0.0437
0.0439
0.0445
0.0451
0.0452
0.0466
0.0469
0.0478
0.0488
0.0503

Rn
-1.8595
0.1635
1.6186
1.2899
0.7455
0.2029
0.6875
0.7799
-0.1294
-0.0490
-0.6827
0.2935
-0.2783
0.5407
0.3023
-0.9891
-0.1885
0.7509
-1.9829
-1.1709
-0.1943
0.3957
-0.7952
-0.4625
0.7990
-1.1611
0.5487
1.0709
-0.8576
-0.1414
1.2128
0.0148
0.6571
0.5343
0.2387
-0.1444
0.1186
-2.5026
-1.0332
0.8670
-0.4144
0.3675
0.7053
-0.9936
-1.0907
0.1455

(1)

n
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251

Continuation of Table 1
ASTRONOMICAL DATA
Columnes 8 and 9 correspond to the Decreasing Mass model with 0 = 0.27 and H0 = 69.8
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
dimensionless
dimensionless
observational
Gaussian
Gaussian
theoretical
red
distance
luminosity
measurement
error in
luminosity
shift
modulus
distance
error in
dobv
distance
Residuals
n
SuperNova
1995ac
1993ac
2006cq
1990af
1993ag
2006ah
2006ot
1993o
2007ar
1998dx
1999ao
2003ic
1991s
2006py
2005hj
2001ah
2006ob
1992bk
2006oa
1992au
2005ho
1992bs
2005kt
2007ae
2006an
2005if
2006cj
2006on
2006al
1993b
1992ae
2003hu
2005ir
2005lj
1999bp
1992bp
2005ag
2006bu
2005ff
2005ed
2005gb
1992br
2005iu
2005ex
2005je
2005fn

zn
0.0488
0.0489
0.0491
0.0499
0.0500
0.0509
0.0522
0.0529
0.0533
0.0537
0.0544
0.0546
0.0561
0.0567
0.0576
0.0583
0.0583
0.0589
0.0589
0.0603
0.0618
0.0627
0.0639
0.0643
0.0651
0.0664
0.0684
0.0688
0.0690
0.0701
0.0746
0.0747
0.0754
0.0770
0.0784
0.0786
0.0800
0.0843
0.0857
0.0857
0.0859
0.0876
0.0890
0.0929
0.0931
0.0939

n
36.38
36.73
36.73
36.57
36.68
37.07
36.67
36.82
36.86
36.48
36.95
36.61
37.02
36.96
37.08
37.06
37.03
37.11
37.20
37.18
37.13
37.48
37.32
37.18
37.31
37.37
37.73
37.49
37.57
37.45
37.59
37.38
37.58
38.33
37.68
37.49
37.69
38.05
37.99
38.00
37.95
38.23
37.83
38.15
38.28
38.17

dobv
n
0.0439
0.0516
0.0516
0.0479
0.0504
0.0604
0.0502
0.0538
0.0548
0.0460
0.0571
0.0488
0.0590
0.0574
0.0606
0.0601
0.0593
0.0615
0.0641
0.0635
0.0620
0.0729
0.0677
0.0635
0.0674
0.0693
0.0818
0.0732
0.0760
0.0719
0.0767
0.0696
0.0763
0.1078
0.0799
0.0732
0.0803
0.0948
0.0922
0.0926
0.0905
0.1030
0.0857
0.0993
0.1054
0.1002

n 0
0.16
0.17
0.18
0.16
0.17
0.18
0.19
0.16
0.20
0.22
0.09
0.18
0.15
0.11
0.16
0.17
0.21
0.17
0.17
0.17
0.12
0.16
0.12
0.17
0.16
0.12
0.17
0.20
0.18
0.16
0.16
0.17
0.10
0.14
0.09
0.16
0.10
0.20
0.12
0.12
0.11
0.19
0.12
0.12
0.11
0.12

n
0.003237
0.004040
0.004278
0.003533
0.003948
0.005003
0.004393
0.003964
0.005047
0.004660
0.002367
0.004048
0.004074
0.002907
0.004468
0.004704
0.005731
0.004813
0.005017
0.004971
0.003429
0.005372
0.003742
0.004971
0.004967
0.003830
0.006404
0.006745
0.006299
0.005298
0.005651
0.005450
0.003515
0.006952
0.003313
0.005396
0.003698
0.008730
0.005095
0.005119
0.004585
0.009010
0.004733
0.005485
0.005338
0.005536

dthe
n
0.0507
0.0508
0.0510
0.0519
0.0520
0.0529
0.0543
0.0551
0.0555
0.0560
0.0567
0.0570
0.0586
0.0592
0.0602
0.0610
0.0610
0.0616
0.0616
0.0631
0.0648
0.0658
0.0671
0.0675
0.0684
0.0699
0.0721
0.0725
0.0727
0.0739
0.0789
0.0790
0.0798
0.0816
0.0832
0.0834
0.0850
0.0898
0.0914
0.0914
0.0916
0.0935
0.0951
0.0996
0.0998
0.1007

Rn
-2.0888
0.2017
0.1406
-1.1094
-0.3886
1.4846
-0.9417
-0.3306
-0.1479
-2.1414
0.1577
-2.0064
0.0967
-0.6420
0.0931
-0.1914
-0.3009
-0.0315
0.4884
0.0694
-0.7943
1.3276
0.1669
-0.8140
-0.2040
-0.1463
1.5195
0.1084
0.5174
-0.3844
-0.3970
-1.7292
-0.9937
3.7696
-0.9823
-1.8855
-1.2636
0.5715
0.1595
0.2419
-0.2394
1.0464
-2.0038
-0.0546
1.0487
-0.0922

(1)

n
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297

Continuation of Table 1
ASTRONOMICAL DATA
Columnes 8 and 9 correspond to the Decreasing Mass model with 0 = 0.27 and H0 = 69.8
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
dimensionless
dimensionless
observational
Gaussian
Gaussian
theoretical
red
distance
luminosity
measurement
error in
luminosity
shift
modulus
distance
error in
dobv
distance
Residuals
n
SuperNova
6968
1992aq
2005lk
2005hn
2005ef
2005jh
2005ml
2005kp
2005hr
2005fv
2005fh
2005hx
2005fz
1999bi
2005ij
1996ab
2005gp
2005ei
2005hz
2005ez
1999bn
2005fj
2005fw
2005ld
1999bm
2005gx
2005ln
10106
2005ey
2005fm
2005hy
m032
4064
1999ar
e020
2005gd
1996r
2005fa
2005gc
2005is
1997i
2005ga
2005hp
2005hv
1999dr
2005jl

zn
0.0969
0.1009
0.1027
0.1067
0.1068
0.1086
0.1130
0.1147
0.1163
0.1173
0.1176
0.1197
0.1228
0.1241
0.1243
0.1244
0.1265
0.1267
0.1287
0.1293
0.1299
0.1418
0.1424
0.1437
0.1441
0.1446
0.1457
0.1463
0.1470
0.1519
0.1546
0.1550
0.1552
0.1561
0.1590
0.1599
0.1600
0.1609
0.1638
0.1706
0.1720
0.1727
0.1739
0.1776
0.1780
0.1797

n
39.13
38.46
38.49
38.64
38.37
38.65
38.55
38.67
38.75
38.75
38.58
38.76
38.80
38.82
38.72
39.04
38.71
38.92
38.86
38.92
38.98
39.27
39.12
39.19
38.84
39.29
39.06
39.56
39.30
39.16
39.32
39.63
39.32
39.23
39.42
39.35
39.60
39.32
39.39
39.47
39.30
39.50
39.53
40.07
39.45
39.72

dobv
n
0.1559
0.1145
0.1161
0.1244
0.1098
0.1249
0.1193
0.1261
0.1308
0.1308
0.1210
0.1314
0.1339
0.1351
0.1290
0.1495
0.1285
0.1415
0.1376
0.1415
0.1455
0.1662
0.1551
0.1602
0.1364
0.1678
0.1509
0.1900
0.1686
0.1580
0.1701
0.1962
0.1701
0.1632
0.1781
0.1725
0.1935
0.1701
0.1757
0.1823
0.1686
0.1848
0.1874
0.2403
0.1806
0.2045

n 0
0.13
0.17
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.11
0.11
0.11
0.11
0.11
0.12
0.11
0.11
0.16
0.12
0.12
0.11
0.13
0.13
0.12
0.11
0.12
0.16
0.11
0.13
0.12
0.11
0.11
0.11
0.33
0.12
0.08
0.24
0.11
0.38
0.12
0.11
0.12
0.43
0.11
0.13
0.12
0.24
0.12

n
0.009331
0.008962
0.006414
0.006873
0.006070
0.006905
0.006594
0.006388
0.006628
0.006628
0.006129
0.006658
0.007399
0.006845
0.006537
0.011018
0.007098
0.007819
0.006972
0.008471
0.008708
0.009187
0.007859
0.008854
0.010048
0.008499
0.009035
0.010499
0.008538
0.008005
0.008617
0.029819
0.009401
0.006013
0.019688
0.008737
0.033866
0.009401
0.008900
0.010073
0.033377
0.009362
0.011218
0.013279
0.019961
0.011302

dthe
n
0.1041
0.1087
0.1108
0.1154
0.1155
0.1176
0.1228
0.1247
0.1266
0.1278
0.1281
0.1306
0.1343
0.1358
0.1361
0.1362
0.1386
0.1389
0.1413
0.1420
0.1427
0.1570
0.1577
0.1593
0.1598
0.1604
0.1617
0.1624
0.1633
0.1692
0.1726
0.1730
0.1733
0.1744
0.1779
0.1790
0.1792
0.1803
0.1839
0.1923
0.1940
0.1949
0.1964
0.2011
0.2016
0.2037

Rn
5.5434
0.6409
0.8217
1.3026
-0.9401
1.0582
-0.5222
0.2131
0.6393
0.4603
-1.1678
0.1221
-0.0548
-0.1022
-1.0734
1.2121
-1.4368
0.3337
-0.5205
-0.0582
0.3159
1.0074
-0.3269
0.1058
-2.3286
0.8704
-1.1949
2.6244
0.6171
-1.4002
-0.2837
0.7770
-0.3384
-1.8613
0.0092
-0.7520
0.4238
-1.0806
-0.9187
-0.9955
-0.7636
-1.0778
-0.8033
2.9543
-1.0498
0.0725

(1)

n
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343

Continuation of Table 1
ASTRONOMICAL DATA
Columnes 8 and 9 correspond to the Decreasing Mass model with 0 = 0.27 and H0 = 69.8
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
dimensionless
dimensionless
observational
Gaussian
Gaussian
theoretical
red
distance
luminosity
measurement
error in
luminosity
shift
modulus
distance
error in
dobv
distance
Residuals
n
SuperNova
1997n
2005ft
k429
2005gj
2005id
2005ko
2005ht
1999dv
2005jk
2005eg
2005fu
2005fy
2005kn
2005iz
2005jm
2005ge
d086
2005jx
2005jp
d099
2005fp
2005jc
2005mi
h363
2005ji
1999dy
2005fe
n404
2002kc
2005lh
g005
2005jo
2005hu
2005gg
2005fl
6696
e132
1995ao
2005ll
2005gr
2005gf
03D3bh
m039
2005gs
2005ia
2005jz

zn
0.1800
0.1801
0.1810
0.1822
0.1825
0.1836
0.1858
0.1860
0.1889
0.1897
0.1921
0.1943
0.1967
0.2006
0.2026
0.2050
0.2050
0.2086
0.2109
0.2110
0.2116
0.2116
0.2125
0.2130
0.2146
0.2150
0.2155
0.2160
0.2160
0.2166
0.2180
0.2183
0.2186
0.2285
0.2328
0.2365
0.2390
0.2400
0.2425
0.2444
0.2485
0.2486
0.2490
0.2495
0.2507
0.2517

n
40.19
39.64
39.68
39.59
39.78
39.71
39.82
39.71
39.79
39.94
40.04
39.96
39.92
39.85
39.97
39.90
40.02
41.75
39.98
40.20
39.98
40.56
40.09
40.11
40.20
40.38
40.30
40.56
40.40
40.36
40.08
40.22
40.20
40.25
40.20
41.15
40.26
40.74
40.13
40.20
40.27
40.61
40.52
40.78
40.75
40.54

dobv
n
0.2539
0.1971
0.2008
0.1926
0.2102
0.2036
0.2142
0.2036
0.2112
0.2263
0.2370
0.2284
0.2243
0.2171
0.2295
0.2222
0.2348
0.5209
0.2305
0.2551
0.2305
0.3011
0.2425
0.2448
0.2551
0.2772
0.2671
0.3011
0.2797
0.2746
0.2414
0.2575
0.2551
0.2611
0.2551
0.3951
0.2623
0.3271
0.2470
0.2551
0.2635
0.3081
0.2956
0.3332
0.3287
0.2984

n 0
0.45
0.12
0.23
0.12
0.11
0.12
0.12
0.19
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.22
0.12
0.22
0.12
0.22
0.12
0.16
0.13
0.22
0.12
0.19
0.14
0.24
0.22
0.15
0.22
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.15
0.18
0.20
0.40
0.15
0.12
0.13
0.15
0.23
0.13
0.12
0.12

n
0.052625
0.010893
0.021267
0.010645
0.010651
0.011250
0.011835
0.017813
0.011672
0.012507
0.013097
0.013675
0.013425
0.012999
0.013738
0.022511
0.012977
0.052772
0.012740
0.025847
0.012740
0.022187
0.014519
0.024797
0.014098
0.024251
0.017223
0.033281
0.028340
0.018970
0.024457
0.014229
0.014098
0.014427
0.017623
0.032753
0.024155
0.060261
0.017064
0.014098
0.015773
0.021285
0.031312
0.019949
0.018162
0.016488

dthe
n
0.2041
0.2042
0.2053
0.2068
0.2072
0.2086
0.2114
0.2116
0.2153
0.2163
0.2194
0.2222
0.2252
0.2302
0.2328
0.2359
0.2359
0.2405
0.2435
0.2436
0.2444
0.2444
0.2456
0.2462
0.2483
0.2488
0.2495
0.2501
0.2501
0.2509
0.2527
0.2531
0.2535
0.2665
0.2721
0.2771
0.2804
0.2817
0.2850
0.2875
0.2930
0.2932
0.2937
0.2944
0.2960
0.2973

Rn
0.9476
-0.6500
-0.2137
-1.3341
0.2852
-0.4453
0.2369
-0.4508
-0.3503
0.7995
1.3449
0.4570
-0.0715
-1.0072
-0.2425
-0.6084
-0.0825
5.3129
-1.0172
0.4446
-1.0889
2.5560
-0.2112
-0.0595
0.4823
1.1681
1.0249
1.5319
1.0442
1.2497
-0.4634
0.3059
0.1137
-0.3770
-0.9658
3.6050
-0.7501
0.7539
-2.2274
-2.3006
-1.8743
0.7028
0.0610
1.9469
1.7978
0.0614

(1)

n
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389

Continuation of Table 1
ASTRONOMICAL DATA
Columnes 8 and 9 correspond to the Decreasing Mass model with 0 = 0.27 and H0 = 69.8
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
dimensionless
dimensionless
observational
Gaussian
Gaussian
theoretical
red
distance
luminosity
measurement
error in
luminosity
shift
modulus
distance
error in
dobv
distance
Residuals
n
SuperNova
2005le
2005li
2005jb
2005ih
2005gh
2005ju
1999du
2005fo
2005fd
04D3ez
2005fi
2005go
2005ix
m043
n346
1999dx
2005jy
k396
2005mo
k425
2005gw
2005gt
1999fw
2005ie
2005ig
p455
03D4ag
m027
2005fr
2005fx
03D3ba
2005ii
2005fc
2005lo
2005lf
2005iv
1996j
2005hs
2005lp
g055
2005jg
2005it
d117
n278
2005ic
2005ik

zn
0.2525
0.2555
0.2565
0.2575
0.2577
0.2580
0.2600
0.2605
0.2606
0.2630
0.2635
0.2636
0.2658
0.2660
0.2660
0.2690
0.2704
0.2710
0.2735
0.2740
0.2754
0.2779
0.2780
0.2789
0.2795
0.2840
0.2850
0.2860
0.2866
0.2884
0.2912
0.2925
0.2956
0.2975
0.2984
0.2988
0.3000
0.3003
0.3018
0.3020
0.3024
0.3086
0.3090
0.3090
0.3095
0.3095

n
40.52
40.49
40.61
40.59
40.65
40.64
40.82
40.81
40.52
40.63
40.77
40.55
40.50
41.76
40.39
40.78
40.67
40.53
40.73
40.72
40.74
40.84
40.57
40.77
40.50
40.84
40.85
41.21
41.04
40.84
40.84
40.92
41.14
40.77
41.06
41.03
40.96
40.85
41.49
41.31
41.03
40.91
40.86
41.17
41.19
41.02

dobv
n
0.2956
0.2916
0.3081
0.3053
0.3139
0.3124
0.3394
0.3379
0.2956
0.3110
0.3317
0.2997
0.2929
0.5233
0.2784
0.3332
0.3168
0.2970
0.3256
0.3241
0.3271
0.3426
0.3025
0.3317
0.2929
0.3426
0.3441
0.4062
0.3756
0.3426
0.3426
0.3554
0.3933
0.3317
0.3791
0.3739
0.3620
0.3441
0.4621
0.4253
0.3739
0.3538
0.3457
0.3988
0.4025
0.3722

n 0
0.15
0.15
0.16
0.13
0.14
0.14
0.20
0.15
0.14
0.13
0.13
0.14
0.12
0.30
0.25
0.26
0.15
0.22
0.16
0.21
0.14
0.17
0.20
0.13
0.14
0.21
0.14
0.26
0.13
0.15
0.15
0.14
0.22
0.21
0.22
0.15
0.31
0.15
0.25
0.27
0.13
0.18
0.21
0.24
0.15
0.13

n
0.020421
0.020141
0.022704
0.018278
0.020235
0.020142
0.031262
0.023338
0.019059
0.018618
0.019857
0.019324
0.016187
0.072294
0.032057
0.039898
0.021881
0.030089
0.023994
0.031347
0.021092
0.026818
0.027862
0.019857
0.018885
0.033128
0.022187
0.048635
0.022487
0.023663
0.023663
0.022914
0.039848
0.032077
0.038406
0.025827
0.051682
0.023772
0.053201
0.052886
0.022383
0.029326
0.033435
0.044075
0.027802
0.022280

dthe
n
0.2984
0.3024
0.3038
0.3051
0.3054
0.3058
0.3085
0.3092
0.3093
0.3126
0.3133
0.3134
0.3164
0.3167
0.3167
0.3207
0.3226
0.3234
0.3269
0.3276
0.3295
0.3329
0.3331
0.3343
0.3351
0.3413
0.3427
0.3440
0.3449
0.3474
0.3513
0.3531
0.3573
0.3600
0.3612
0.3618
0.3635
0.3639
0.3660
0.3663
0.3669
0.3755
0.3761
0.3761
0.3768
0.3768

Rn
-0.1370
-0.5402
0.1914
0.0100
0.4185
0.3289
0.9889
1.2286
-0.7189
-0.0863
0.9278
-0.7075
-1.4507
2.8580
-1.1923
0.3131
-0.2678
-0.8790
-0.0514
-0.1090
-0.1111
0.3596
-1.0964
-0.1307
-2.2346
0.0391
0.0670
1.2779
1.3665
-0.2037
-0.3678
0.1027
0.9026
-0.8819
0.4644
0.4675
-0.0285
-0.8318
1.8060
1.1164
0.3138
-0.7413
-0.9077
0.5151
0.9243
-0.2069

(1)

n
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435

Continuation of Table 1
ASTRONOMICAL DATA
Columnes 8 and 9 correspond to the Decreasing Mass model with 0 = 0.27 and H0 = 69.8
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
dimensionless
dimensionless
observational
Gaussian
Gaussian
theoretical
red
distance
luminosity
measurement
error in
luminosity
shift
modulus
distance
error in
dobv
distance
Residuals
n
SuperNova
2005jd
m062
2005ka
1997ac
2005jn
2005ja
b016
2005gu
2005gy
03D1fc
e029
d083
04D3kr
2005fs
2001iw
d087
g097
04D3nh
m193
d149
h364
03D1bp
h359
2005mq
2005lg
e136
1994f
1998as
04D2fs
1688
04D3fk
2005jt
2005gv
d093
2005jj
n263
04D2cf
03D3ay
1994am
1997o
1994h
1994an
2005lq
2005jw
1996k
2005mm

zn
0.3129
0.3140
0.3164
0.3200
0.3204
0.3264
0.3290
0.3305
0.3306
0.3310
0.3320
0.3330
0.3373
0.3388
0.3396
0.3400
0.3400
0.3402
0.3410
0.3420
0.3440
0.3460
0.3480
0.3483
0.3486
0.3520
0.3540
0.3550
0.3570
0.3575
0.3578
0.3600
0.3619
0.3630
0.3666
0.3680
0.3690
0.3709
0.3720
0.3740
0.3740
0.3780
0.3790
0.3797
0.3800
0.3804

n
41.01
41.23
41.40
41.24
41.10
40.97
41.34
41.23
41.05
41.08
41.26
40.55
41.29
41.31
41.08
41.08
41.21
41.33
40.99
41.38
41.17
41.36
41.59
41.31
41.30
41.42
41.40
41.34
41.43
41.33
41.43
41.16
41.38
41.55
41.86
41.47
41.63
41.67
41.11
41.03
43.19
41.71
41.58
41.43
42.06
41.27

dobv
n
0.3705
0.4100
0.4433
0.4118
0.3861
0.3637
0.4313
0.4100
0.3773
0.3826
0.4157
0.2997
0.4214
0.4253
0.3826
0.3826
0.4062
0.4293
0.3671
0.4393
0.3988
0.4352
0.4839
0.4253
0.4234
0.4474
0.4433
0.4313
0.4495
0.4293
0.4495
0.3969
0.4393
0.4750
0.5479
0.4579
0.4929
0.5020
0.3879
0.3739
1.0110
0.5114
0.4817
0.4495
0.6008
0.4176

n 0
0.14
0.24
0.19
0.42
0.13
0.14
0.27
0.16
0.15
0.14
0.24
0.20
0.14
0.17
0.23
0.23
0.23
0.14
0.22
0.21
0.21
0.15
0.22
0.22
0.18
0.22
0.48
0.20
0.14
0.20
0.14
0.18
0.17
0.21
0.20
0.21
0.15
0.15
0.43
0.42
0.92
0.44
0.20
0.15
0.33
0.20

10

n
0.023884
0.045310
0.038791
0.079658
0.023117
0.023448
0.053622
0.030206
0.026066
0.024667
0.045940
0.027606
0.027171
0.033299
0.040524
0.040524
0.043024
0.027676
0.037188
0.042481
0.038566
0.030066
0.049023
0.043093
0.035096
0.045332
0.097999
0.039720
0.028981
0.039538
0.028981
0.032904
0.034390
0.045941
0.050467
0.044279
0.034046
0.034679
0.076815
0.072315
0.428319
0.103617
0.044362
0.031051
0.091305
0.038460

dthe
n
0.3816
0.3831
0.3865
0.3916
0.3922
0.4007
0.4044
0.4066
0.4067
0.4073
0.4087
0.4101
0.4163
0.4184
0.4196
0.4202
0.4202
0.4204
0.4216
0.4230
0.4259
0.4288
0.4317
0.4321
0.4325
0.4375
0.4404
0.4418
0.4447
0.4455
0.4459
0.4491
0.4518
0.4534
0.4587
0.4608
0.4622
0.4650
0.4666
0.4696
0.4696
0.4754
0.4769
0.4780
0.4784
0.4790

Rn
-0.4661
0.5917
1.4642
0.2539
-0.2618
-1.5786
0.5004
0.1122
-1.1265
-1.0008
0.1514
-3.9988
0.1907
0.2076
-0.9128
-0.9271
-0.3246
0.3189
-1.4667
0.3820
-0.7038
0.2144
1.0649
-0.1569
-0.2607
0.2201
0.0302
-0.2662
0.1645
-0.4095
0.1244
-1.5847
-0.3655
0.4704
1.7679
-0.0659
0.8995
1.0669
-1.0250
-1.3232
1.2640
0.3468
0.1067
-0.9164
1.3406
-1.5971

(1)

n
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481

Continuation of Table 1
ASTRONOMICAL DATA
Columnes 8 and 9 correspond to the Decreasing Mass model with 0 = 0.27 and H0 = 69.8
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
dimensionless
dimensionless
observational
Gaussian
Gaussian
theoretical
red
distance
luminosity
measurement
error in
luminosity
shift
modulus
distance
error in
dobv
distance
Residuals
n
SuperNova
1166
g052
2005kq
1995ba
2005gq
5737
2005mh
2001iv
g142
2005hq
1995aw
d085
f308
k448
2005iy
2005hw
f076
f096
04D2fp
1997am
k485
1994al
2005jv
g133
h342
f235
2002ab
1994g
b020
b013
e148
1996e
1996u
1997q
1996cn
1998ba
04D2gb
d089
d097
1997ce
1998aw
03D3aw
1997ai
1996cm
1995az
04D3gt

zn
0.3804
0.3830
0.3873
0.3880
0.3893
0.3916
0.3940
0.3965
0.3990
0.3996
0.4000
0.4010
0.4010
0.4010
0.4025
0.4083
0.4100
0.4120
0.4150
0.4160
0.4160
0.4200
0.4209
0.4210
0.4210
0.4220
0.4230
0.4250
0.4250
0.4260
0.4290
0.4300
0.4300
0.4300
0.4300
0.4300
0.4300
0.4360
0.4360
0.4400
0.4400
0.4490
0.4500
0.4500
0.4500
0.4510

n
41.66
41.64
41.89
42.21
41.60
41.51
41.78
41.49
41.49
41.73
42.31
41.94
42.55
41.70
41.91
41.84
41.35
41.42
41.88
41.56
42.42
42.07
42.13
42.18
42.14
41.73
41.57
41.45
41.20
41.76
41.89
41.81
42.18
41.80
41.77
42.40
41.32
41.93
41.88
42.01
42.05
42.02
42.40
42.27
41.83
41.80

dobv
n
0.4997
0.4951
0.5556
0.6438
0.4861
0.4664
0.5281
0.4621
0.4621
0.5161
0.6741
0.5685
0.7529
0.5090
0.5607
0.5429
0.4332
0.4474
0.5530
0.4772
0.7091
0.6036
0.6205
0.6349
0.6234
0.5161
0.4794
0.4537
0.4043
0.5233
0.5556
0.5355
0.6349
0.5330
0.5257
0.7026
0.4273
0.5659
0.5530
0.5871
0.5980
0.5898
0.7026
0.6618
0.5404
0.5330

n 0
0.22
0.25
0.19
0.47
0.20
0.17
0.15
0.20
0.29
0.21
0.48
0.33
0.37
0.23
0.21
0.21
0.26
0.31
0.14
0.30
0.56
0.43
0.20
0.23
0.32
0.23
0.24
0.45
0.49
0.22
0.22
0.15
0.15
0.46
0.61
0.46
0.36
0.23
0.22
0.11
0.32
0.16
0.51
0.59
0.45
0.14

11

n
0.050629
0.057006
0.048611
0.139341
0.044772
0.036511
0.036481
0.042561
0.061713
0.049911
0.149012
0.086396
0.128287
0.053915
0.054225
0.052505
0.051874
0.063877
0.035654
0.065933
0.182881
0.119522
0.057149
0.067252
0.091861
0.054665
0.052990
0.094014
0.091238
0.053015
0.056286
0.036989
0.043860
0.112911
0.147676
0.148846
0.070841
0.059939
0.056028
0.029742
0.088131
0.043461
0.165025
0.179817
0.111993
0.034364

dthe
n
0.4790
0.4829
0.4892
0.4902
0.4922
0.4956
0.4992
0.5029
0.5066
0.5075
0.5081
0.5096
0.5096
0.5096
0.5118
0.5205
0.5231
0.5261
0.5306
0.5321
0.5321
0.5381
0.5395
0.5397
0.5397
0.5412
0.5427
0.5457
0.5457
0.5473
0.5518
0.5533
0.5533
0.5533
0.5533
0.5533
0.5533
0.5624
0.5624
0.5686
0.5686
0.5823
0.5839
0.5839
0.5839
0.5854

Rn
0.4094
0.2157
1.3651
1.1019
-0.1350
-0.7993
0.7941
-0.9584
-0.7214
0.1720
1.1140
0.6818
1.8965
-0.0107
0.9013
0.4264
-1.7320
-1.2315
0.6283
-0.8323
0.9680
0.5476
1.4171
1.4169
0.9112
-0.4587
-1.1937
-0.9793
-1.5499
-0.4522
0.0669
-0.4824
1.8611
-0.1798
-0.1870
1.0032
-1.7788
0.0575
-0.1684
0.6240
0.3344
0.1728
0.7197
0.4334
-0.3880
-1.5253

(1)

n
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527

Continuation of Table 1
ASTRONOMICAL DATA
Columnes 8 and 9 correspond to the Decreasing Mass model with 0 = 0.27 and H0 = 69.8
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
dimensionless
dimensionless
observational
Gaussian
Gaussian
theoretical
red
distance
luminosity
measurement
error in
luminosity
shift
modulus
distance
error in
dobv
distance
Residuals
n
SuperNova
1995aq
1999ff
04Yow
03D3cd
03D3cc
m158
1995ar
03D4au
e108
04D3df
1997p
2002dc
1999fn
1995k
1995ay
1996cg
04Haw
g160
1996ci
h319
03D1ax
1998ax
e149
1995as
1997cj
03D1au
p524
g120
2001gy
2002ad
d084
04D2gc
05Zwi
n258
1997h
04D1ak
2002hr
2001jp
n285
03D3af
f011
1997eq
f244
2000fr
03D1gt
1997l

zn
0.4530
0.4550
0.4600
0.4607
0.4627
0.4630
0.4650
0.4680
0.4690
0.4700
0.4720
0.4750
0.4770
0.4790
0.4800
0.4900
0.4900
0.4930
0.4950
0.4950
0.4960
0.4970
0.4970
0.4980
0.5000
0.5043
0.5080
0.5100
0.5110
0.5140
0.5190
0.5210
0.5210
0.5220
0.5260
0.5260
0.5260
0.5280
0.5280
0.5320
0.5390
0.5400
0.5400
0.5430
0.5480
0.5500

n
42.82
42.32
42.15
42.07
42.04
41.95
41.83
42.55
42.35
42.13
41.97
42.10
42.05
42.35
42.16
42.15
41.79
42.15
42.25
42.12
42.21
42.08
42.32
42.98
42.36
42.34
42.19
41.88
42.37
42.79
43.07
42.38
42.18
42.68
43.35
42.40
41.96
42.37
42.45
42.57
42.23
42.51
42.42
42.48
42.30
42.28

dobv
n
0.8526
0.6772
0.6262
0.6036
0.5953
0.5711
0.5404
0.7529
0.6866
0.6205
0.5764
0.6120
0.5980
0.6866
0.6291
0.6262
0.5306
0.6262
0.6557
0.6176
0.6438
0.6064
0.6772
0.9178
0.6898
0.6835
0.6379
0.5530
0.6930
0.8409
0.9566
0.6962
0.6349
0.7993
1.0883
0.7026
0.5738
0.6930
0.7190
0.7599
0.6497
0.7392
0.7091
0.7290
0.6710
0.6649

n 0
0.52
0.23
0.21
0.18
0.15
0.27
0.60
0.16
0.28
0.15
0.51
0.26
0.18
0.36
0.52
0.27
0.45
0.26
0.23
0.44
0.15
0.22
0.17
0.64
0.32
0.15
0.23
0.23
0.09
0.49
0.31
0.20
0.16
0.25
0.26
0.17
0.51
0.30
0.24
0.17
0.24
0.28
0.11
0.10
0.19
0.16

12

n
0.204166
0.071731
0.060562
0.050033
0.041122
0.071014
0.149325
0.055475
0.088540
0.042862
0.135379
0.073275
0.049574
0.113837
0.150655
0.077865
0.109949
0.074981
0.069456
0.125150
0.044470
0.061433
0.053019
0.270495
0.101655
0.047214
0.067563
0.058574
0.028723
0.189747
0.136566
0.064122
0.046784
0.092028
0.130303
0.055008
0.134757
0.095742
0.079468
0.059488
0.071811
0.095310
0.035923
0.033572
0.058713
0.048989

dthe
n
0.5885
0.5916
0.5993
0.6004
0.6034
0.6039
0.6070
0.6117
0.6133
0.6148
0.6179
0.6226
0.6257
0.6288
0.6304
0.6460
0.6460
0.6507
0.6539
0.6539
0.6555
0.6570
0.6570
0.6586
0.6618
0.6686
0.6744
0.6776
0.6792
0.6839
0.6919
0.6950
0.6950
0.6966
0.7030
0.7030
0.7030
0.7063
0.7063
0.7126
0.7239
0.7255
0.7255
0.7303
0.7384
0.7416

Rn
1.2934
1.1937
0.4448
0.0642
-0.1982
-0.4617
-0.4461
2.5451
0.8289
0.1324
-0.3066
-0.1445
-0.5570
0.5081
-0.0083
-0.2541
-1.0501
-0.3267
0.0267
-0.2897
-0.2630
-0.8250
0.3806
0.9580
0.2758
0.3165
-0.5405
-2.1267
0.4815
0.8271
1.9385
0.0181
-1.2846
1.1162
2.9563
-0.0073
-0.9594
-0.1384
0.1605
0.7937
-1.0322
0.1436
-0.4544
-0.0388
-1.1471
-1.5659

(1)

n
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573

Continuation of Table 1
ASTRONOMICAL DATA
Columnes 8 and 9 correspond to the Decreasing Mass model with 0 = 0.27 and H0 = 69.8
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
dimensionless
dimensionless
observational
Gaussian
Gaussian
theoretical
red
distance
luminosity
measurement
error in
luminosity
shift
modulus
distance
error in
dobv
distance
Residuals
n
SuperNova
04D4bq
04D3hn
2001go
04D1ag
f041
m034
k411
2001iy
1996i
1996cf
03D4gl
03D4bc
1997af
1997f
1997aj
03D4gf
m138
03D1aw
k430
d058
b010
1997k
03D4gg
f216
h323
03D4dy
04D3do
e138
04D4an
p534
1995ax
f231
1996h
04D3co
Z-005
03D4dh
e140
n256
03D4at
g050
1998be
1998ay
2003be
04D3cy
e147
1995at

zn
0.5500
0.5516
0.5520
0.5570
0.5610
0.5620
0.5640
0.5680
0.5700
0.5700
0.5710
0.5720
0.5790
0.5800
0.5810
0.5810
0.5810
0.5817
0.5820
0.5830
0.5910
0.5920
0.5920
0.5990
0.6030
0.6040
0.6100
0.6120
0.6130
0.6130
0.6150
0.6190
0.6200
0.6200
0.6230
0.6268
0.6310
0.6310
0.6330
0.6330
0.6400
0.6400
0.6400
0.6430
0.6450
0.6550

n
44.34
42.30
42.51
42.56
42.87
43.05
42.37
42.71
42.67
42.49
42.40
43.80
43.19
43.31
43.67
42.74
42.06
42.67
43.16
42.40
43.21
42.58
44.15
42.74
42.65
42.53
42.90
42.81
42.62
42.99
42.54
43.06
43.01
43.23
42.51
42.76
42.88
42.38
42.20
43.05
42.92
43.16
42.76
43.01
42.82
42.32

dobv
n
1.7169
0.6710
0.7392
0.7564
0.8724
0.9478
0.6930
0.8105
0.7957
0.7324
0.7026
1.3389
1.0110
1.0684
1.2611
0.8217
0.6008
0.7957
0.9971
0.7026
1.0203
0.7634
1.5730
0.8217
0.7884
0.7460
0.8846
0.8487
0.7776
0.9220
0.7494
0.9522
0.9305
1.0298
0.7392
0.8293
0.8765
0.6962
0.6408
0.9478
0.8928
0.9971
0.8293
0.9305
0.8526
0.6772

n 0
1.01
0.15
0.10
0.16
0.31
0.33
0.29
0.29
0.47
0.39
0.17
0.23
0.64
0.52
0.39
0.16
0.51
0.16
0.33
0.29
0.31
0.17
0.72
0.38
0.28
0.16
0.16
0.28
0.26
0.17
0.56
0.25
0.17
0.39
0.24
0.16
0.23
0.24
0.26
0.17
0.28
0.19
0.19
0.17
0.23
0.50

13

n
0.798548
0.046352
0.034039
0.055731
0.124549
0.144044
0.092550
0.108238
0.172218
0.131536
0.055008
0.141810
0.297961
0.255849
0.226488
0.060548
0.141107
0.058627
0.151528
0.093838
0.145660
0.059763
0.521570
0.143802
0.101657
0.054967
0.065178
0.109430
0.093101
0.072182
0.193272
0.109628
0.072850
0.184946
0.081694
0.061108
0.092834
0.076947
0.076728
0.074204
0.115117
0.087244
0.072566
0.072850
0.090304
0.155937

dthe
n
0.7416
0.7441
0.7448
0.7529
0.7594
0.7610
0.7643
0.7707
0.7740
0.7740
0.7756
0.7773
0.7887
0.7904
0.7920
0.7920
0.7920
0.7931
0.7936
0.7952
0.8084
0.8100
0.8100
0.8215
0.8281
0.8298
0.8397
0.8430
0.8447
0.8447
0.8480
0.8546
0.8563
0.8563
0.8613
0.8676
0.8746
0.8746
0.8780
0.8780
0.8897
0.8897
0.8897
0.8947
0.8981
0.9149

Rn
1.2213
-1.5777
-0.1656
0.0620
0.9075
1.2969
-0.7700
0.3671
0.1258
-0.3165
-1.3271
3.9600
0.7459
1.0868
2.0711
0.4915
-1.3548
0.0436
1.3429
-0.9867
1.4549
-0.7810
1.4628
0.0015
-0.3912
-1.5248
0.6879
0.0514
-0.7210
1.0711
-0.5099
0.8900
1.0188
0.9378
-1.4954
-0.6268
0.0199
-2.3187
-3.0906
0.9418
0.0265
1.2308
-0.8319
0.4915
-0.5038
-1.5242

(1)

n
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619

Continuation of Table 1
ASTRONOMICAL DATA
Columnes 8 and 9 correspond to the Decreasing Mass model with 0 = 0.27 and H0 = 69.8
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
dimensionless
dimensionless
observational
Gaussian
Gaussian
theoretical
red
distance
luminosity
measurement
error in
luminosity
shift
modulus
distance
error in
dobv
distance
Residuals
n
SuperNova
1996ck
1997r
2003bd
m226
2001gq
03D1co
k441
g240
h300
03D1fl
04D2iu
03D4cz
2001jb
04D2gp
04D3is
2001ix
04D1aj
04D3fq
2002kd
04Rak
04D2ja
1998bi
04D3ks
04D3oe
1997g
2001fo
1997ez
p528
03D4fd
2001hx
03D1fq
04D3ny
04D4dm
2001hy
2001jf
1999fj
04D3nc
03D4cn
P-009
04D3lu
1997ap
04D3cp
2001hs
05Spo
04D4bk
2003eq

zn
0.6560
0.6570
0.6700
0.6710
0.6710
0.6790
0.6800
0.6870
0.6870
0.6880
0.6910
0.6950
0.6980
0.7070
0.7100
0.7110
0.7210
0.7300
0.7350
0.7400
0.7410
0.7500
0.7520
0.7560
0.7630
0.7720
0.7800
0.7810
0.7910
0.7990
0.8000
0.8100
0.8110
0.8120
0.8150
0.8160
0.8170
0.8180
0.8210
0.8218
0.8300
0.8300
0.8330
0.8390
0.8400
0.8400

n
43.14
42.98
43.14
42.98
42.12
43.46
42.90
42.83
43.00
43.05
43.09
43.21
43.77
43.28
43.02
43.57
43.18
43.28
43.09
43.29
43.72
43.24
43.30
43.81
44.47
43.51
43.60
43.44
43.58
43.38
43.71
43.37
43.40
43.65
44.07
43.69
43.65
43.39
43.64
43.82
44.05
43.54
43.69
43.40
43.51
43.87

dobv
n
0.9879
0.9178
0.9879
0.9178
0.6176
1.1448
0.8846
0.8565
0.9263
0.9478
0.9655
1.0203
1.3205
1.0537
0.9348
1.2043
1.0063
1.0537
0.9655
1.0586
1.2904
1.0345
1.0635
1.3450
1.8228
1.1715
1.2211
1.1343
1.2099
1.1034
1.2845
1.0983
1.1136
1.2495
1.5161
1.2727
1.2495
1.1085
1.2438
1.3512
1.5022
1.1878
1.2727
1.1136
1.1715
1.3827

n 0
0.63
0.66
0.21
0.12
0.30
0.20
0.29
0.27
0.29
0.17
0.25
0.21
0.43
0.26
0.18
0.37
0.19
0.19
0.20
0.20
0.22
0.14
0.21
0.19
0.90
0.22
0.17
0.32
0.20
0.23
0.22
0.21
0.21
0.38
0.73
0.46
0.21
0.27
0.19
0.21
0.21
0.47
0.52
0.22
0.21
0.22

14

n
0.286629
0.278948
0.095543
0.050718
0.085330
0.105441
0.118135
0.106499
0.123702
0.074204
0.111153
0.098673
0.261486
0.126169
0.077491
0.205202
0.088051
0.092201
0.088922
0.097501
0.130738
0.066697
0.102849
0.117688
0.755479
0.118687
0.095594
0.167159
0.111432
0.116871
0.130138
0.106218
0.107696
0.218657
0.509686
0.269611
0.120837
0.137830
0.108826
0.130677
0.145278
0.257086
0.304778
0.112824
0.113292
0.140089

dthe
n
0.9166
0.9183
0.9402
0.9419
0.9419
0.9555
0.9572
0.9691
0.9691
0.9708
0.9759
0.9827
0.9878
1.0033
1.0085
1.0102
1.0274
1.0429
1.0515
1.0602
1.0619
1.0775
1.0810
1.0880
1.1002
1.1159
1.1300
1.1317
1.1493
1.1634
1.1652
1.1828
1.1846
1.1864
1.1917
1.1935
1.1952
1.1970
1.2023
1.2037
1.2183
1.2183
1.2237
1.2343
1.2361
1.2361

Rn
0.2490
-0.0018
0.4994
-0.4764
-3.8005
1.7956
-0.6146
-1.0573
-0.3464
-0.3097
-0.0943
0.3807
1.2721
0.3997
-0.9500
0.9461
-0.2391
0.1178
-0.9678
-0.0165
1.7476
-0.6450
-0.1704
2.1839
0.9564
0.4679
0.9527
0.0155
0.5434
-0.5134
0.9170
-0.7957
-0.6594
0.2886
0.6365
0.2939
0.4489
-0.6422
0.3808
1.1290
1.9540
-0.1189
0.1609
-1.0701
-0.5705
1.0465

(1)

n
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665

Continuation of Table 1
ASTRONOMICAL DATA
Columnes 8 and 9 correspond to the Decreasing Mass model with 0 = 0.27 and H0 = 69.8
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
dimensionless
dimensionless
observational
Gaussian
Gaussian
theoretical
red
distance
luminosity
measurement
error in
luminosity
shift
modulus
distance
error in
dobv
distance
Residuals
n
SuperNova
H-003
04Man
2002x
1997ek
03D1ew
03D1cm
2001fs
2001hu
2001jh
2003eb
03D4di
04D3gx
03D4cy
04D3ki
2003XX
2001kd
03D4cx
04D3ml
1999fm
2002dd
2001cw
04Tha
2003es
04D3nr
04D4dw
1997ck
04Pat
C-001
04Omb
2001jm
04D3lp
04D3dd
05Str
D-000
04Eag
05Fer
2001hb
1999fk
C-000
F-012
05Gab
2001gn
04Gre
2002ki
N-033
05Red

zn
0.8500
0.8540
0.8590
0.8600
0.8680
0.8700
0.8740
0.8820
0.8850
0.9000
0.9050
0.9100
0.9271
0.9300
0.9350
0.9360
0.9490
0.9500
0.9500
0.9500
0.9530
0.9540
0.9540
0.9600
0.9610
0.9700
0.9700
0.9740
0.9750
0.9780
0.9830
1.0100
1.0100
1.0170
1.0200
1.0200
1.0300
1.0570
1.0920
1.1100
1.1200
1.1240
1.1400
1.1400
1.1880
1.1900

n
43.49
43.61
44.09
43.92
43.49
44.23
43.30
43.38
44.18
43.06
43.64
44.31
43.94
43.55
43.54
43.31
43.44
43.88
43.64
43.98
44.27
44.26
44.11
43.61
44.26
44.46
42.82
43.83
44.33
43.50
44.16
44.91
44.01
44.29
44.16
44.36
44.24
44.15
44.01
44.63
44.51
44.57
44.20
44.32
44.61
44.36

dobv
n
1.1607
1.2267
1.5302
1.4149
1.1607
1.6321
1.0635
1.1034
1.5949
0.9522
1.2438
1.6933
1.4280
1.1933
1.1878
1.0684
1.1343
1.3891
1.2438
1.4546
1.6624
1.6548
1.5443
1.2267
1.6548
1.8144
0.8526
1.3575
1.7090
1.1661
1.5803
2.2322
1.4748
1.6778
1.5803
1.7327
1.6396
1.5730
1.4748
1.9622
1.8567
1.9087
1.6097
1.7011
1.9442
1.7327

n 0
0.17
0.23
0.30
0.17
0.25
0.28
0.39
0.58
0.29
0.21
0.26
0.27
0.29
0.29
0.23
0.71
0.28
0.24
0.30
0.29
0.95
0.26
0.23
0.28
0.34
0.29
0.81
0.17
0.21
0.29
0.43
0.33
0.38
0.17
0.23
0.22
0.14
0.24
0.25
0.45
0.22
0.20
0.37
0.23
0.50
0.25

15

n
0.090872
0.129929
0.211398
0.110772
0.133635
0.210445
0.191005
0.294719
0.212999
0.092087
0.148920
0.210544
0.190712
0.159359
0.125808
0.349332
0.146264
0.153529
0.171831
0.194258
0.727283
0.198131
0.163572
0.158175
0.259095
0.242314
0.318028
0.106274
0.165272
0.155732
0.312931
0.339230
0.258085
0.131350
0.167382
0.175551
0.105708
0.173857
0.169793
0.406623
0.188106
0.175796
0.274272
0.180180
0.447662
0.199489

dthe
n
1.2540
1.2612
1.2701
1.2719
1.2863
1.2899
1.2971
1.3115
1.3169
1.3440
1.3531
1.3622
1.3933
1.3986
1.4077
1.4095
1.4334
1.4352
1.4352
1.4352
1.4407
1.4425
1.4425
1.4535
1.4554
1.4719
1.4719
1.4793
1.4811
1.4867
1.4959
1.5459
1.5459
1.5589
1.5645
1.5645
1.5831
1.6336
1.6995
1.7335
1.7524
1.7600
1.7904
1.7904
1.8822
1.8861

Rn
-1.0267
-0.2655
1.2302
1.2911
-0.9397
1.6258
-1.2230
-0.7061
1.3050
-4.2550
-0.7345
1.5726
0.1819
-1.2886
-1.7480
-0.9765
-2.0445
-0.3001
-1.1141
0.0998
0.3049
1.0714
0.6225
-1.4342
0.7695
1.4134
-1.9475
-1.1458
1.3787
-2.0585
0.2696
2.0231
-0.2755
0.9050
0.0942
0.9583
0.5341
-0.3484
-1.3231
0.5623
0.5542
0.8455
-0.6591
-0.4957
0.1384
-0.7687

(1)

n
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681

Continuation of Table 1
ASTRONOMICAL DATA
Columnes 8 and 9 correspond to the Decreasing Mass model with 0 = 0.27 and H0 = 69.8
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
dimensionless
dimensionless
observational
Gaussian
Gaussian
theoretical
red
distance
luminosity
measurement
error in
luminosity
shift
modulus
distance
error in
dobv
distance
Residuals
n
SuperNova
A-004
R-012
05Lan
05Koe
H-005
2003az
2002fw
2002hp
2003aj
D-006
2003dy
G-004
04Mcg
04Sas
2002fx
K-000

zn
1.1920
1.2150
1.2300
1.2300
1.2410
1.2650
1.3000
1.3050
1.3070
1.3150
1.3400
1.3500
1.3700
1.3900
1.4000
1.4140

n
44.46
45.25
44.94
45.02
44.58
44.94
45.02
44.74
45.41
44.97
45.07
44.83
45.05
44.88
42.96
44.80

n 0
dobv
n
1.8144
0.20
2.6106
0.56
2.2633
0.27
2.3482
0.24
1.9175
0.48
2.2633
0.24
2.3482
0.24
2.0641
0.26
2.8102
0.31
2.2947
0.19
2.4029
0.28
2.1515
0.19
2.3809
0.26
2.2016
0.25
0.9094
1.06
2.1219
0.35
End of Table

n
0.167113
0.673237
0.281413
0.259532
0.423859
0.250145
0.259532
0.247146
0.401182
0.200786
0.309840
0.188249
0.285071
0.253466
0.443901
0.342017

dthe
n
1.8899
1.9342
1.9631
1.9631
1.9844
2.0310
2.0992
2.1089
2.1129
2.1284
2.1775
2.1972
2.2366
2.2761
2.2959
2.3236

Rn
-0.4519
1.0047
1.0665
1.4837
-0.1579
0.9287
0.9596
-0.1814
1.7382
0.8282
0.7276
-0.2429
0.5061
-0.2939
-3.1236
-0.5897

On column 4 there is the distance modulus . The distance modulus is the difference between the apparent magnitude
m and the absolute magnitude M of a supernova ( = m M ).
On column 5 the dimensionless observational luminosity distance is related to the distance modulus by
H0 0.25
10
dobv =
c
H0 is measured in km/sec/Mpc and c in km/sec.
On column 7 the Gaussian error in dobv is computed by
= dobv 0.2 ln(10) 0
On column 8 the simulation program computes the dimensionless theoretical luminosity distance using the formula
the

=e

eu
du

H(u)

This formula comes out as follows

Z
du
eu

=
e

0
0 H(u)
0 H(u)
 
where we have changed the variable from z to through the equation = ln 0 = ln(1 + z) .
On column 9 there are the values of residuals Rn , which are given by
H0
H0
dth =
dth =
c(1 + z)
c
c

du
= (1 + z)
H(u)

Rn =

the
dobv
n dn
n

Residuals are very useful because by comparing them with a Gaussian distribution we can test the goodness of fit of a
model to the observational data. I describe below the method of residuals which I have used as more reliable than the
very popular chi-squared [1].
16

THE METHOD OF RESIDUALS [2]

In order to assess the goodness of fit of some model to the astronomical data we will inspect the residuals. For the true
model the distribution of residuals is by definition Gaussian with mean = 0 and variance 2 = 1. Consequently, all
we need to do is to plot the distribution of residuals in a diagram and compare it to a Gaussian with = 0 and 2 = 1.
If the diagram exhibits a statistically significant deviation from the Gaussian, then it is not the true. If there is no
significant difference between diagram and the Gaussian, then this means we probably found the truth. The comparison
of the residuals to this Gaussian will be objectively quantified, by using a modification of the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test
of goodness of fit, generally referred to as the Lilliefors test of normality. [3]
The table bellow illustrates the test.
Table 2:

(1)
Serial
number
Fn

(2)
Residuals
Rn

1
2
3
...
451
452
453
...
679
680
681

-5.16
-4.26
-4.00
...
0.40
0.41
0.41
...
3.96
5.31
5.54

Lilliefors test of normality

Decreasing Mass model with 0 = 0.27 and H0 = 69.8
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
Empirical Normal
cdf
cdf
Ln 0 =
Ln 00 =
Ln =
J(Rn )
N (Rn ) |J(Rn ) N (Rn ))| |J(Rn ) N (Rn1 ))| max(Ln 0 , Ln 00 )
1/681
2/681
3/681
...
451/681
452/681
453/681
...
679/681
680/681
681/681

0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
...
0.6553
0.6586
0.6589
...
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000

0.0015
0.0029
0.0044
...
0.0069
0.0052
0.0063
...
0.0029
0.0015
0.0000
End of Table

0.0015
0.0029
0.0044
...
0.0078
0.0084
0.0066
...
0.0029
0.0014
0.0000

(8)

L = max(Ln )
0.0225

0.0015
0.0029
0.0044
...
0.0078
0.0084
0.0066
...
0.0029
0.0015
0.0000

On column 3 there are the values of the empirical cumulative distribution function (cdf) of the sample. The empirical
cdf is a step function that jumps up by 1/681 at each of the 681 data points. On column 4 there are the values of the
normal cumulative distribution function. The test quantifies a distance L (column 8) between the empirical cumulative
distribution function of the sample and the cumulative distribution function of the normal distribution. The lower
the value of L, the better the goodness of fit. A result at the simulation program is acceptable if L is smaller
than a critical value
of L (L Lcritical ) . If we want a result to be 99 percent true, then Lcritical = 1.035/fN , where
fN = (0.83 + N )/ N 1 and N is the size of the sample. In our case N =631 so that Lcritical = 0.0396 .
However a small value of L is not enough. We also need the distribution of the residuals along the axis to be
symmetrical. Lets make it clear by the following example. For two CDM models, the first with 0 = 0.68 and H0 = 70,
the second with 0 = 0.88 and H0 = 72, the value L for both is L 0.0557 . That means the chances for both to be the
true model are equal. However, comparing the distributions of the residuals we see that the seconds is not symmetrical
along the axis and hence is not acceptable (see figure bellow).

17

The distribution is symmetrical along the axis when the least square line of the residuals, R = + , coincides
with the axis. That is, when = 0 and = 0. The fit parameters and (assuming a straight line fit) are [4]
N
P

n
N
P
n

n2

Rn

N
N
P

N
P

Rn n

N
P

n2

Rn

n2

N
P

2
n

n
N
P

N
P

N
P

N
P

Rn n

N
P

2
n

However, there is an uncertainty in and . It turns out that the uncertainty in is [5]
v
u
N
= u
N
2
u
N
t P
P
N
n2
n
n=1

n=1

and the uncertainty in is

v
u
u
u
u
= u
u
t

N
P
n=1

N
P
n=1

n2


n2

N
P

2
n

n=1

The values n are given from the redshift data zn through the equation n = ln(1 + zn ) With N=681 we obtain
= 0.1681 and = 0.0577. Consequently, a model will be acceptable if
L Lcritical = 0.0396
and
|| 0.1681
|| 0.0577

18

NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS

We apply equation
2 3
2 = 0 e 0f
H
1 + ff

at the simulation program and we give as input data the values 0 = 0.200, 0.201, . . . , 0.350 and H0 = 69.0, 69.1, . . . , 71.0
Km/sec/Mpc.
H0 is the present Hubbles parameter
0 is the ratio of the present density in matter to the present critical density
As output data we have the following parameters:
L is the maximum distance between empirical cdf and normal cdf (Lilliefors test of normality).
q0 is the present deceleration parameter.
t is the transition time. That is, the when the universe made a transition from deceleration to acceleration.
zt is the transition redshift. Is computed through the equation t = ln(1 + zt ).
is given by equation m/m

and computed via equation = (1 0 )H0 .

All the acceptable results we get are in the table bellow.
Table 3:
Decreasing Mass model
Acceptable results
serial
number
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34

0
0.237
0.269
0.268
0.27
0.241
0.236
0.273
0.242
0.267
0.243
0.238
0.244
0.266
0.265
0.25
0.271
0.258
0.239
0.24
0.272
0.259
0.249
0.245
0.24
0.257
0.256
0.264
0.271
0.246
0.26
0.247
0.255
0.239
0.272

H0
70.2
69.8
69.8
69.8
70.1
70.2
69.7
70.1
69.8
70.1
70.2
70.1
69.8
69.8
70
69.8
69.9
70.2
70.1
69.7
69.9
70
70.1
70.2
69.9
69.9
69.8
69.7
70.1
69.9
70.1
69.9
70.1
69.8

L
0.0219
0.0223
0.0224
0.0225
0.0229
0.0230
0.0230
0.0233
0.0234
0.0234
0.0234
0.0234
0.0235
0.0238
0.0238
0.0238
0.0240
0.0240
0.0242
0.0242
0.0242
0.0242
0.0242
0.0246
0.0247
0.0247
0.0248
0.0249
0.0250
0.0252
0.0253
0.0254
0.0255
0.0255

t
-0.47
-0.42
-0.42
-0.42
-0.46
-0.47
-0.42
-0.46
-0.43
-0.46
-0.46
-0.46
-0.43
-0.43
-0.45
-0.42
-0.44
-0.46
-0.46
-0.42
-0.44
-0.45
-0.45
-0.46
-0.44
-0.44
-0.43
-0.42
-0.45
-0.43
-0.45
-0.44
-0.46
-0.42
19

q0
-0.64
-0.60
-0.60
-0.60
-0.64
-0.65
-0.59
-0.64
-0.60
-0.64
-0.64
-0.63
-0.60
-0.60
-0.63
-0.59
-0.61
-0.64
-0.64
-0.59
-0.61
-0.63
-0.63
-0.64
-0.61
-0.62
-0.60
-0.59
-0.63
-0.61
-0.63
-0.62
-0.64
-0.59

zt
0.59
0.53
0.53
0.52
0.58
0.60
0.52
0.58
0.53
0.58
0.59
0.58
0.53
0.53
0.57
0.52
0.55
0.59
0.59
0.52
0.55
0.57
0.58
0.59
0.55
0.55
0.54
0.52
0.57
0.54
0.57
0.55
0.59
0.52

X1018 sec1
1.74
1.65
1.66
1.65
1.72
1.74
1.64
1.72
1.66
1.72
1.73
1.72
1.66
1.66
1.70
1.65
1.68
1.73
1.73
1.64
1.68
1.70
1.72
1.73
1.68
1.69
1.66
1.65
1.71
1.68
1.71
1.69
1.73
1.65

Continuation of Table 3
Decreasing Mass model
Acceptable results
serial
number
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85

0
0.27
0.273
0.251
0.248
0.241
0.261
0.254
0.247
0.252
0.263
0.274
0.248
0.262
0.238
0.263
0.242
0.269
0.249
0.262
0.264
0.253
0.253
0.261
0.246
0.265
0.245
0.244
0.252
0.275
0.237
0.243
0.238
0.268
0.243
0.251
0.254
0.26
0.266
0.267
0.259
0.25
0.25
0.266
0.242
0.244
0.267
0.265
0.258
0.268
0.241
0.269

H0
69.7
69.8
70
70
70.2
69.9
69.9
70
70
69.8
69.8
70.1
69.9
70.1
69.9
70.2
69.7
70.1
69.8
69.9
69.9
70
69.8
70
69.9
70
70
69.9
69.8
70.1
70.2
70.3
69.7
70
69.9
70
69.8
69.9
69.7
69.8
69.9
70.1
69.7
70
70.2
69.9
69.7
69.8
69.9
70
69.9

L
0.0256
0.0257
0.0258
0.0258
0.0258
0.0259
0.0262
0.0262
0.0263
0.0264
0.0264
0.0265
0.0265
0.0266
0.0267
0.0268
0.0269
0.0269
0.0269
0.0269
0.0269
0.0270
0.0270
0.0271
0.0271
0.0272
0.0274
0.0278
0.0278
0.0279
0.0280
0.0281
0.0282
0.0283
0.0283
0.0284
0.0284
0.0284
0.0284
0.0285
0.0286
0.0286
0.0286
0.0290
0.0290
0.0290
0.0291
0.0292
0.0292
0.0294
0.0294

t
-0.42
-0.42
-0.45
-0.45
-0.46
-0.43
-0.44
-0.45
-0.45
-0.43
-0.42
-0.45
-0.43
-0.46
-0.43
-0.46
-0.42
-0.45
-0.43
-0.43
-0.44
-0.44
-0.43
-0.45
-0.43
-0.45
-0.46
-0.45
-0.42
-0.47
-0.46
-0.46
-0.42
-0.46
-0.45
-0.44
-0.43
-0.43
-0.43
-0.44
-0.45
-0.45
-0.43
-0.46
-0.46
-0.43
-0.43
-0.44
-0.42
-0.46
-0.42

20

q0
-0.60
-0.59
-0.62
-0.63
-0.64
-0.61
-0.62
-0.63
-0.62
-0.61
-0.59
-0.63
-0.61
-0.64
-0.61
-0.64
-0.60
-0.63
-0.61
-0.60
-0.62
-0.62
-0.61
-0.63
-0.60
-0.63
-0.63
-0.62
-0.59
-0.64
-0.64
-0.64
-0.60
-0.64
-0.62
-0.62
-0.61
-0.60
-0.60
-0.61
-0.63
-0.63
-0.60
-0.64
-0.63
-0.60
-0.60
-0.61
-0.60
-0.64
-0.60

zt
0.52
0.52
0.56
0.57
0.58
0.54
0.56
0.57
0.56
0.54
0.52
0.57
0.54
0.59
0.54
0.58
0.53
0.57
0.54
0.54
0.56
0.56
0.54
0.57
0.53
0.58
0.58
0.56
0.52
0.59
0.58
0.59
0.53
0.58
0.56
0.56
0.54
0.53
0.53
0.55
0.57
0.57
0.53
0.58
0.58
0.53
0.53
0.55
0.53
0.58
0.53

X1018 sec1
1.65
1.64
1.70
1.71
1.73
1.67
1.69
1.71
1.70
1.67
1.64
1.71
1.67
1.73
1.67
1.72
1.65
1.71
1.67
1.67
1.69
1.69
1.67
1.71
1.66
1.71
1.72
1.69
1.64
1.73
1.72
1.74
1.65
1.72
1.70
1.69
1.67
1.66
1.66
1.68
1.70
1.70
1.66
1.72
1.72
1.66
1.66
1.68
1.66
1.72
1.66

Continuation of Table 3
Decreasing Mass model
Acceptable results
serial
number
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136

0
0.245
0.257
0.239
0.236
0.255
0.27
0.249
0.256
0.251
0.256
0.246
0.24
0.264
0.24
0.257
0.271
0.255
0.235
0.247
0.248
0.272
0.241
0.239
0.263
0.258
0.252
0.259
0.26
0.254
0.247
0.273
0.262
0.248
0.238
0.261
0.253
0.246
0.245
0.253
0.244
0.262
0.263
0.264
0.237
0.265
0.249
0.261
0.26
0.252
0.274
0.266

H0
70.2
69.8
70.3
70.1
70
69.9
69.9
69.8
70.1
70
70.2
70
69.7
70.3
70
69.9
69.8
70.1
70.2
69.9
69.9
70.3
70
69.7
70
70.1
70
70
69.8
69.9
69.9
69.7
70.2
70
70
69.8
69.9
69.9
70.1
69.9
70
70
70
70
70
70.2
69.7
69.7
69.8
69.9
70

L
0.0295
0.0295
0.0296
0.0297
0.0297
0.0298
0.0299
0.0304
0.0304
0.0304
0.0305
0.0305
0.0305
0.0309
0.0309
0.0310
0.0310
0.0311
0.0314
0.0315
0.0315
0.0316
0.0316
0.0317
0.0318
0.0318
0.0318
0.0319
0.0319
0.0321
0.0324
0.0324
0.0326
0.0328
0.0329
0.0330
0.0331
0.0332
0.0333
0.0334
0.0335
0.0336
0.0336
0.0337
0.0338
0.0339
0.0339
0.0340
0.0340
0.0341
0.0341

t
-0.45
-0.44
-0.46
-0.47
-0.44
-0.42
-0.45
-0.44
-0.45
-0.44
-0.45
-0.46
-0.43
-0.46
-0.44
-0.42
-0.44
-0.47
-0.45
-0.45
-0.42
-0.46
-0.46
-0.43
-0.44
-0.45
-0.44
-0.43
-0.44
-0.45
-0.42
-0.43
-0.45
-0.46
-0.43
-0.44
-0.45
-0.45
-0.44
-0.46
-0.43
-0.43
-0.43
-0.47
-0.43
-0.45
-0.43
-0.43
-0.45
-0.42
-0.43

21

q0
-0.63
-0.61
-0.64
-0.65
-0.62
-0.60
-0.63
-0.62
-0.62
-0.62
-0.63
-0.64
-0.60
-0.64
-0.61
-0.59
-0.62
-0.65
-0.63
-0.63
-0.59
-0.64
-0.64
-0.61
-0.61
-0.62
-0.61
-0.61
-0.62
-0.63
-0.59
-0.61
-0.63
-0.64
-0.61
-0.62
-0.63
-0.63
-0.62
-0.63
-0.61
-0.61
-0.60
-0.64
-0.60
-0.63
-0.61
-0.61
-0.62
-0.59
-0.60

zt
0.58
0.55
0.59
0.60
0.55
0.52
0.57
0.55
0.56
0.55
0.57
0.59
0.54
0.59
0.55
0.52
0.55
0.60
0.57
0.57
0.52
0.58
0.59
0.54
0.55
0.56
0.55
0.54
0.56
0.57
0.52
0.54
0.57
0.59
0.54
0.56
0.57
0.58
0.56
0.58
0.54
0.54
0.54
0.59
0.53
0.57
0.54
0.54
0.56
0.52
0.53

X1018 sec1
1.72
1.68
1.73
1.74
1.69
1.65
1.70
1.68
1.70
1.69
1.72
1.72
1.66
1.73
1.69
1.65
1.69
1.74
1.71
1.70
1.65
1.73
1.73
1.66
1.68
1.70
1.68
1.68
1.69
1.71
1.65
1.67
1.71
1.73
1.68
1.69
1.71
1.71
1.70
1.71
1.67
1.67
1.67
1.73
1.67
1.71
1.67
1.67
1.69
1.64
1.67

Continuation of Table 3
Decreasing Mass model
Acceptable results
serial
number
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175

0
0.275
0.254
0.243
0.242
0.236
0.251
0.276
0.259
0.267
0.25
0.258
0.257
0.255
0.25
0.241
0.277
0.268
0.256
0.269
0.235
0.251
0.24
0.234
0.27
0.256
0.257
0.239
0.249
0.252
0.255
0.271
0.258
0.259
0.238
0.26
0.254
0.261
0.237
0.272

H0
69.9
70.1
69.9
69.9
70
69.8
69.9
69.7
70
70.2
69.7
69.7
70.1
69.8
69.9
69.9
70
70.1
70
70
70.2
69.9
70
70
69.7
70.1
69.9
69.8
70.2
69.7
70
70.1
70.1
69.9
70.1
69.7
70.1
69.9
70

L
0.0342
0.0344
0.0345
0.0349
0.0350
0.0350
0.0352
0.0352
0.0354
0.0354
0.0356
0.0357
0.0357
0.0358
0.0360
0.0360
0.0361
0.0366
0.0367
0.0368
0.0368
0.0371
0.0372
0.0373
0.0374
0.0374
0.0377
0.0378
0.0380
0.0381
0.0384
0.0388
0.0389
0.0389
0.0389
0.0389
0.0390
0.0393
0.0395
End

t
q0
-0.42 -0.59
-0.44 -0.62
-0.46 -0.64
-0.46 -0.64
-0.47 -0.65
-0.45 -0.62
-0.41 -0.59
-0.44 -0.61
-0.43 -0.60
-0.45 -0.63
-0.44 -0.61
-0.44 -0.61
-0.44 -0.62
-0.45 -0.63
-0.46 -0.64
-0.41 -0.58
-0.42 -0.60
-0.44 -0.62
-0.42 -0.60
-0.47 -0.65
-0.45 -0.62
-0.46 -0.64
-0.47 -0.65
-0.42 -0.60
-0.44 -0.62
-0.44 -0.61
-0.46 -0.64
-0.45 -0.63
-0.45 -0.62
-0.44 -0.62
-0.42 -0.59
-0.44 -0.61
-0.44 -0.61
-0.46 -0.64
-0.43 -0.61
-0.44 -0.62
-0.43 -0.61
-0.47 -0.64
-0.42 -0.59
of Table

zt
0.52
0.56
0.58
0.58
0.60
0.56
0.51
0.55
0.53
0.57
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.57
0.58
0.51
0.53
0.55
0.53
0.60
0.56
0.59
0.60
0.52
0.55
0.55
0.59
0.57
0.56
0.55
0.52
0.55
0.55
0.59
0.54
0.56
0.54
0.59
0.52

X1018 sec1
1.64
1.69
1.71
1.72
1.73
1.69
1.64
1.67
1.66
1.71
1.68
1.68
1.69
1.70
1.72
1.64
1.66
1.69
1.66
1.74
1.70
1.72
1.74
1.66
1.68
1.69
1.72
1.70
1.70
1.68
1.65
1.69
1.68
1.73
1.68
1.69
1.68
1.73
1.65

It is obvious from the table above that the decreasing mass model fits to the astronomical data if
H0 = 70 0.3 km/sec/M pc
0 = 0.26 0.02
q0 = 0.62 0.03
t = 0.44 0.03
zt = 0.56 0.04
= (1.69 0.05) 1018 sec1
22

Now lets do the same with the CDM model, which is the best model we have today to explain the accelerating
expansion of the universe, and compare the two models.
The CDM model obeys the equation
2 = 0 e3 + (1 0 )
H
We apply this equation at the simulation program and the acceptable results we get are in the table bellow.
Table 4:
CDM model
Acceptable results
serial
number
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45

0
0.287
0.286
0.279
0.285
0.288
0.297
0.278
0.289
0.296
0.29
0.28
0.298
0.281
0.282
0.291
0.284
0.306
0.295
0.283
0.292
0.299
0.282
0.318
0.305
0.304
0.283
0.3
0.303
0.294
0.293
0.293
0.284
0.302
0.285
0.281
0.317
0.292
0.313
0.307
0.301
0.291
0.314
0.29
0.301
0.308

H0
69.9
69.9
70
69.9
69.9
69.8
70
69.9
69.8
69.9
70
69.8
70
70
69.9
69.9
69.7
69.8
69.9
69.9
69.8
69.9
69.5
69.7
69.7
70
69.8
69.7
69.8
69.8
69.9
70
69.7
70
69.9
69.5
69.8
69.6
69.7
69.7
69.8
69.6
69.8
69.8
69.7

L
0.0217
0.0224
0.0225
0.0227
0.0229
0.0231
0.0232
0.0233
0.0234
0.0236
0.0236
0.0238
0.0240
0.0243
0.0243
0.0245
0.0245
0.0246
0.0247
0.0248
0.0248
0.0250
0.0251
0.0251
0.0252
0.0253
0.0253
0.0253
0.0255
0.0255
0.0255
0.0256
0.0257
0.0258
0.0259
0.0260
0.0260
0.0260
0.0261
0.0263
0.0264
0.0264
0.0265
0.0266
0.0267
23

t
-0.53
-0.54
-0.55
-0.54
-0.53
-0.52
-0.55
-0.53
-0.52
-0.53
-0.55
-0.52
-0.54
-0.54
-0.53
-0.54
-0.50
-0.52
-0.54
-0.53
-0.51
-0.54
-0.49
-0.51
-0.51
-0.54
-0.51
-0.51
-0.52
-0.52
-0.52
-0.54
-0.51
-0.54
-0.54
-0.49
-0.53
-0.49
-0.50
-0.51
-0.53
-0.49
-0.53
-0.51
-0.50

q0
-0.57
-0.57
-0.58
-0.57
-0.57
-0.55
-0.58
-0.57
-0.56
-0.56
-0.58
-0.55
-0.58
-0.58
-0.56
-0.57
-0.54
-0.56
-0.58
-0.56
-0.55
-0.58
-0.52
-0.54
-0.54
-0.58
-0.55
-0.55
-0.56
-0.56
-0.56
-0.57
-0.55
-0.57
-0.58
-0.52
-0.56
-0.53
-0.54
-0.55
-0.56
-0.53
-0.56
-0.55
-0.54

zt
0.71
0.71
0.73
0.71
0.70
0.68
0.73
0.70
0.68
0.70
0.73
0.68
0.72
0.72
0.69
0.71
0.65
0.68
0.72
0.69
0.67
0.72
0.62
0.66
0.66
0.72
0.67
0.66
0.69
0.69
0.69
0.71
0.67
0.71
0.72
0.63
0.69
0.64
0.65
0.67
0.69
0.63
0.70
0.67
0.65

Continuation of Table 4
CDM model
Acceptable results
serial
number
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96

0
0.312
0.294
0.315
0.286
0.3
0.289
0.302
0.28
0.299
0.316
0.311
0.31
0.316
0.288
0.303
0.279
0.317
0.309
0.287
0.278
0.287
0.298
0.309
0.28
0.286
0.315
0.285
0.288
0.297
0.281
0.277
0.304
0.289
0.295
0.308
0.284
0.296
0.31
0.282
0.307
0.306
0.318
0.283
0.319
0.314
0.305
0.295
0.296
0.29
0.305
0.311

H0
69.6
69.9
69.6
70
69.7
69.8
69.8
69.9
69.7
69.6
69.6
69.6
69.5
69.8
69.8
69.9
69.6
69.7
70
69.9
69.8
69.7
69.6
70.1
69.8
69.5
69.8
70
69.7
70.1
69.9
69.8
70
69.9
69.6
69.8
69.7
69.7
70.1
69.6
69.6
69.6
70.1
69.6
69.5
69.6
69.7
69.9
70
69.8
69.7

L
0.0269
0.0269
0.0270
0.0271
0.0272
0.0272
0.0273
0.0275
0.0276
0.0276
0.0276
0.0277
0.0278
0.0278
0.0278
0.0279
0.0280
0.0280
0.0281
0.0281
0.0282
0.0282
0.0283
0.0284
0.0284
0.0284
0.0286
0.0286
0.0289
0.0289
0.0290
0.0291
0.0291
0.0292
0.0292
0.0293
0.0295
0.0295
0.0295
0.0295
0.0297
0.0297
0.0298
0.0299
0.0300
0.0301
0.0301
0.0302
0.0303
0.0304
0.0305

24

t
-0.49
-0.52
-0.49
-0.54
-0.51
-0.53
-0.51
-0.55
-0.51
-0.49
-0.50
-0.50
-0.49
-0.53
-0.51
-0.55
-0.49
-0.50
-0.53
-0.55
-0.53
-0.52
-0.50
-0.55
-0.54
-0.49
-0.54
-0.53
-0.52
-0.54
-0.55
-0.51
-0.53
-0.52
-0.50
-0.54
-0.52
-0.50
-0.54
-0.50
-0.50
-0.49
-0.54
-0.48
-0.49
-0.51
-0.52
-0.52
-0.53
-0.51
-0.50

q0
-0.53
-0.56
-0.53
-0.57
-0.55
-0.57
-0.55
-0.58
-0.55
-0.53
-0.53
-0.53
-0.53
-0.57
-0.55
-0.58
-0.52
-0.54
-0.57
-0.58
-0.57
-0.55
-0.54
-0.58
-0.57
-0.53
-0.57
-0.57
-0.55
-0.58
-0.58
-0.54
-0.57
-0.56
-0.54
-0.57
-0.56
-0.53
-0.58
-0.54
-0.54
-0.52
-0.58
-0.52
-0.53
-0.54
-0.56
-0.56
-0.56
-0.54
-0.53

zt
0.64
0.69
0.63
0.71
0.67
0.70
0.67
0.73
0.67
0.63
0.64
0.64
0.63
0.70
0.66
0.73
0.63
0.65
0.71
0.73
0.71
0.68
0.65
0.73
0.71
0.63
0.71
0.70
0.68
0.72
0.73
0.66
0.70
0.68
0.65
0.71
0.68
0.64
0.72
0.65
0.65
0.62
0.72
0.62
0.63
0.66
0.68
0.68
0.70
0.66
0.64

Continuation of Table 4
CDM model
Acceptable results
serial
number
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147

0
0.284
0.297
0.313
0.283
0.291
0.304
0.312
0.312
0.313
0.311
0.298
0.314
0.306
0.282
0.294
0.299
0.31
0.285
0.281
0.303
0.302
0.307
0.301
0.292
0.309
0.3
0.301
0.293
0.315
0.3
0.28
0.292
0.279
0.291
0.308
0.302
0.29
0.308
0.286
0.289
0.288
0.316
0.278
0.287
0.286
0.299
0.317
0.298
0.307
0.297
0.309

H0
70.1
69.9
69.5
69.8
70
69.6
69.7
69.5
69.7
69.5
69.9
69.7
69.8
69.8
69.7
69.9
69.5
70.1
69.8
69.6
69.6
69.8
69.6
70
69.5
69.9
69.9
69.7
69.7
69.6
69.8
69.7
69.8
69.7
69.5
69.9
69.7
69.8
70.1
69.7
69.7
69.7
69.8
69.7
69.7
69.6
69.7
69.6
69.5
69.6
69.8

L
0.0306
0.0308
0.0310
0.0310
0.0311
0.0311
0.0311
0.0311
0.0312
0.0313
0.0313
0.0313
0.0314
0.0314
0.0315
0.0318
0.0319
0.0321
0.0323
0.0323
0.0324
0.0324
0.0324
0.0325
0.0325
0.0326
0.0328
0.0329
0.0329
0.0330
0.0331
0.0331
0.0331
0.0332
0.0332
0.0333
0.0333
0.0334
0.0334
0.0334
0.0336
0.0336
0.0337
0.0337
0.0338
0.0340
0.0340
0.0341
0.0341
0.0341
0.0342

25

t
-0.54
-0.52
-0.49
-0.54
-0.53
-0.51
-0.49
-0.49
-0.49
-0.50
-0.52
-0.49
-0.50
-0.54
-0.52
-0.51
-0.50
-0.54
-0.54
-0.51
-0.51
-0.50
-0.51
-0.53
-0.50
-0.51
-0.51
-0.52
-0.49
-0.51
-0.55
-0.53
-0.55
-0.53
-0.50
-0.51
-0.53
-0.50
-0.54
-0.53
-0.53
-0.49
-0.55
-0.53
-0.54
-0.51
-0.49
-0.52
-0.50
-0.52
-0.50

q0
-0.57
-0.55
-0.53
-0.58
-0.56
-0.54
-0.53
-0.53
-0.53
-0.53
-0.55
-0.53
-0.54
-0.58
-0.56
-0.55
-0.53
-0.57
-0.58
-0.55
-0.55
-0.54
-0.55
-0.56
-0.54
-0.55
-0.55
-0.56
-0.53
-0.55
-0.58
-0.56
-0.58
-0.56
-0.54
-0.55
-0.56
-0.54
-0.57
-0.57
-0.57
-0.53
-0.58
-0.57
-0.57
-0.55
-0.52
-0.55
-0.54
-0.55
-0.54

zt
0.71
0.68
0.64
0.72
0.69
0.66
0.64
0.64
0.64
0.64
0.68
0.63
0.65
0.72
0.69
0.67
0.64
0.71
0.72
0.66
0.67
0.65
0.67
0.69
0.65
0.67
0.67
0.69
0.63
0.67
0.73
0.69
0.73
0.69
0.65
0.67
0.70
0.65
0.71
0.70
0.70
0.63
0.73
0.71
0.71
0.67
0.63
0.68
0.65
0.68
0.65

Continuation of Table 4
CDM model
Acceptable results
serial
number
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196

0
0.296
0.295
0.293
0.31
0.318
0.287
0.277
0.285
0.311
0.303
0.306
0.294
0.319
0.276
0.32
0.304
0.288
0.312
0.321
0.305
0.294
0.284
0.295
0.305
0.293
0.283
0.313
0.292
0.306
0.304
0.291
0.282
0.314
0.315
0.296
0.29
0.281
0.303
0.28
0.302
0.307
0.279
0.301
0.3
0.299
0.308
0.289
0.297
0.298

H0
69.6
69.6
70
69.8
69.7
70.1
69.8
69.7
69.8
69.9
69.5
70
69.7
69.8
69.7
69.9
70.1
69.8
69.7
69.5
69.6
69.7
70
69.9
69.6
69.7
69.8
69.6
69.9
69.5
69.6
69.7
69.8
69.8
70
69.6
69.7
69.5
69.7
69.5
69.9
69.7
69.5
69.5
69.5
69.9
69.6
70
69.5
End

L
0.0342
0.0343
0.0344
0.0344
0.0345
0.0347
0.0348
0.0349
0.0349
0.0350
0.0350
0.0352
0.0352
0.0354
0.0355
0.0358
0.0359
0.0359
0.0360
0.0361
0.0361
0.0361
0.0365
0.0366
0.0367
0.0371
0.0372
0.0373
0.0376
0.0379
0.0380
0.0380
0.0382
0.0384
0.0384
0.0386
0.0387
0.0387
0.0388
0.0388
0.0388
0.0388
0.0388
0.0389
0.0390
0.0393
0.0393
0.0393
0.0397
of Table

26

t
-0.52
-0.52
-0.52
-0.50
-0.49
-0.53
-0.55
-0.54
-0.50
-0.51
-0.50
-0.52
-0.48
-0.55
-0.48
-0.51
-0.53
-0.49
-0.48
-0.51
-0.52
-0.54
-0.52
-0.51
-0.52
-0.54
-0.49
-0.53
-0.50
-0.51
-0.53
-0.54
-0.49
-0.49
-0.52
-0.53
-0.54
-0.51
-0.55
-0.51
-0.50
-0.55
-0.51
-0.51
-0.51
-0.50
-0.53
-0.52
-0.52

q0
-0.56
-0.56
-0.56
-0.53
-0.52
-0.57
-0.58
-0.57
-0.53
-0.55
-0.54
-0.56
-0.52
-0.59
-0.52
-0.54
-0.57
-0.53
-0.52
-0.54
-0.56
-0.57
-0.56
-0.54
-0.56
-0.58
-0.53
-0.56
-0.54
-0.54
-0.56
-0.58
-0.53
-0.53
-0.56
-0.56
-0.58
-0.55
-0.58
-0.55
-0.54
-0.58
-0.55
-0.55
-0.55
-0.54
-0.57
-0.55
-0.55

zt
0.68
0.68
0.69
0.64
0.62
0.71
0.73
0.71
0.64
0.66
0.65
0.69
0.62
0.74
0.62
0.66
0.70
0.64
0.62
0.66
0.69
0.71
0.68
0.66
0.69
0.72
0.64
0.69
0.65
0.66
0.69
0.72
0.63
0.63
0.68
0.70
0.72
0.66
0.73
0.67
0.65
0.73
0.67
0.67
0.67
0.65
0.70
0.68
0.68

From the table above we conclude, that CDM model fits to the astronomical data if
H0 = 69.8 0.3 km/sec/M pc
0 = 0.30 0.02
q0 = 0.55 0.03
t = 0.52 0.04
zt = 0.68 0.06

References
[1] http://arxiv.org/pdf/1012.3754v1.pdf Dos and donts of reduced chi-squared. Rene Andrae, Tim Schulze-Hartung
Peter Melchior. Pages 1.
[2] http://arxiv.org/pdf/1012.3754v1.pdf Dos and donts of reduced chi-squared. Rene Andrae, Tim Schulze-Hartung
Peter Melchior. Page 8: Residuals
[3] http://www.utd.edu/ herve/Abdi-Lillie2007-pretty.pdf Lilliefors/ Van Soests test of normality. Herve Abdi Paul
Molin
[4] http://www.physics.buffalo.edu/phy410-505-2010/topic1/app1/app1.pdf Hubbles Law and Model Fitting. Page 5.
Algorithm for fitting to a straight line. Compare equations (10) with equation (6).
[5] http://young.physics.ucsc.edu/250/lsfit.pdf Physics 250, Least squares fitting, Peter Young. Page 5. FITTING TO
DATA WITH ERROR BARS, see equation (23) on page 6.

27