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TABLE CONTENT
1.0
Introduction
1.1
Objectives
1.2
Learning Outcomes
1.3
Theoretical Background
2.0
Problem Statement
3.1
Apparatus
3.2
Procedure
3.3
Data Acquisition
4.0
Discussion
4.1
Conclusion
5.0
Reference
5.1
Appendix
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Level 1 laboratory activity refers to condition where the problem and ways & means
are guided and given to the students. However the answers to the assignment are left to
the students to solve using the group creativity and innovativeness. The activity is hope to
slowly introduced and inculcate independent learning amongst students and prepare them
for a much harder task of open-ended laboratory activities.
In this laboratory activity, running speed is determined by dividing the total distance
by the total running time (only the time vehicle is in motion) for the route. That is, all stoptime delays are excluded. Running speed studies are conducted over a specified route for
determining quality of service between alternate routes. In this laboratory activity, the traffic
pattern at a distance of 0.5 kilometers between two points is identify by dividing the total
distance with the total running time taken
1.1 OBJECTIVE
The objective of the test is:
To determine the speed of vehicles travel between two points by using manual
calculation
activity, a distance of 0.5 km between two points at particular location is chosen and a time
for a vehicle passing through from first point to another point is recorded. The running speed
is measured by dividing the distance passing through with the time taken. Common unit is
km/hr.
3.1 APPARATUS
I.
II.
III.
IV.
Stop watch
Distance tape measurement (Wheel Distance Measurement)
Road Cone
Safety jacket
3.2 PROCEDURES
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
VI.
VII.
Site Location was choosed and it is main road in front of Seri Mutiara. Point A and B
was marked by Road Cone and distance between this two point is 0.5km and was
measured by Wheel Distance Measurement.
Two observer groups was formed and consist of two persons per group and was
placed on point A and point B
The position where the drivers will not be aware that their vehicle were being
recorded was selected .
The plate number was recorded together with the time at which the car passes at
point A and point B by observer .
The delay time was observed and recorded (stop at traffic light or etc).
The times of arrival at the beginning and end of the test section for each plate
number recorded was matched .
The speed samples was observed for more than 50 for more accurate of the results.
At the end of this test, we were able to observed for 53 vehicles .
NO.
PLAT
E NO.
TIME
CHECK IN
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
7693
1008
3476
6352
1903
9559
2838
6808
4649
550
1909
3229
2352
3938
9949
1696
7228
4991
1086
8570
3708
7744
5923
7729
9681
4236
8008
2365
1378
2104
2020
2882
882
93
8200
5586
1971
9514
5969
4037
4422
7563
9314
8.38
8.56
9.03
9.13
9.42
9.54
10.12
10.56
11.05
11.21
11.40
12.12
12.19
12.31
13.29
13.41
14.18
14.19
14.44
14.50
15.05
15.37
16.21
16.25
16.46
16.48
16.57
17.05
17.18
17.31
17.40
18.11
18.19
18.19
18.41
19.14
19.21
19.36
19.38
19.51
20.16
20.16
20.44
TIME
CHECK
OUT
9.07
9.25
9.39
9.47
10.30
10.26
10.41
11.19
11.47
11.59
12.10
12.35
12.48
13.00
13.50
14.10
14.41
14.48
15.07
15.25
15.47
15.58
16.53
16.48
17.14
17.17
17.25
17.38
17.47
18.00
18.09
18.40
18.52
18.53
19.09
19.40
19.52
20.05
20.26
20.20
20.55
20.46
21.19
TIME
TAKEN
(S)
27
29
36
34
48
22
29
23
42
38
30
23
36
29
21
19
23
29
23
25
42
21
32
23
28
29
28
33
29
29
29
29
33
34
28
26
31
29
48
29
39
30
35
TIME
TAKEN
(HOUR)
0.00750
0.00806
0.01000
0.00944
0.01333
0.00611
0.00806
0.00639
0.01167
0.01056
0.00833
0.00639
0.01000
0.00806
0.00583
0.00528
0.00639
0.00806
0.00639
0.00694
0.01167
0.00583
0.00889
0.00639
0.00778
0.00806
0.00778
0.00917
0.00806
0.00806
0.00806
0.00806
0.00917
0.00944
0.00778
0.00722
0.00861
0.00806
0.01333
0.00806
0.01083
0.00833
0.00972
DISTANC
E , KM
SPEED(KM/HR
)
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
66.67
62.07
50.00
52.94
37.50
81.82
62.07
78.26
42.86
47.37
60.00
78.26
50.00
62.07
85.71
94.74
78.26
62.07
78.26
72.00
42.86
85.71
56.25
78.26
64.29
62.07
64.29
54.55
62.07
62.07
62.07
62.07
54.55
52.94
64.29
69.23
58.06
62.07
37.50
62.07
46.15
60.00
51.43
4
NO.
PLAT
E NO.
TIME
CHECK IN
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
5609
2213
9683
8688
8372
7077
314
633
8882
912
20.48
21.09
21.18
21.26
21.32
21.52
22.04
25.52
25.25
28.58
TIME
CHECK
OUT
21.22
21.34
21.46
21.55
22.07
22.14
22.54
26.08
26.01
29.20
TIME
TAKEN
(S)
34
25
28
29
35
22
50
16
36
22
TIME
TAKEN
(HOUR)
0.00944
0.00694
0.00778
0.00806
0.00972
0.00611
0.01389
0.00444
0.01000
0.00611
DISTANC
E , KM
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
TOTAL :
AVERAGE SPEED KM/H :
Table 1.0 : Result of the experiment
SPEED(KM/HR
)
52.94
72.00
64.29
62.07
51.43
81.82
36.00
112.50
50.00
81.82
3342.61
63.07
Calculation:
Example for no. 5
10.309.42
48 seconds
1 second=0.000277778hours
48 Second=0.01333 hours
3342.61/53
63.07 km /hr
4.0 DISCUSSION
After conducting this experiment, many things that we can see and we can observe.
In fact, in the course of this experiment, there are several factors that influence the result.
Firstly, there are some vehicles that slow down their vehicle after knowing we're making an
observation. Because of this, we cannot know the actual speed of the vehicle should be.
In addition, it is due to lack of tools to communicate with the other group at other
check point. This cause we do not know some information that we should know. Moreover,
there are some interruptions in the conducting of this experiment. For example, one of the
road user try to bother us from conducting this experiment because they thinks bad because
of what we do. Because of them, we miss to take some readings and time to stopwatch has
been altered. Because of this, our data on point B are not same as data on point A. After
thats, vehicle too much at one time also makes us difficult to get the plate number and an
accurate reading.
The average speed was calculated and the speed is more than speed limit which
was set on this main road ( 60km/h) . This may be due to several factors such as user was
hurry to go home because it is time to go home from work.
But, from the observation there are some car are too slow when crossing this road.
This is due to the surface of road that has some potholes and uneven road. To prevent this
,the region's roads should be repaired immediately because it can bring many benefits such
as the avoidance of accidents.
4.1 CONCLUSION
At the end of this experiment, we were able to determine the speed of vehicles travel
between two points by using manual calculation and formula. The formula of speed is
5.0 REFERENCE
Website :
1. wheel Distance Measurement , retrieved June 20 2015 from:
http://www.engineersupply.com/measuring-wheels.aspx
2. safety Jacket, Retrieved june 20,2015 from:
http://www.tsasafety.com/safetyjackets.html
5.1 APPENDIX