Design&Construction

of97ft deepBasementbyTopDownMethod:

MarriottMarquisConventionCenterHotel
Washington,DC

RodericA.Ellman,Jr.,PE,Partner
MueserRutledgeConsultingEngineers
NewYork,NY
DFISlurryWallSeminar:DiaphragmWallinUrbanEnvironment
July26,2012,Detroit,MI

Renderings of DC
Marriott Marquis

Plumbers Building at South East End of Site

9th Street

10th Street.

LStreet

Plumbers
Building

July9,2008

Location

WalterE.
Washington
Convention
Center

Marriott
Marquis
Site

Site Plan

MARRIOTT
MARQUIS
propertyline
DuctBank
(PowerSupply
forGovt.Bldgs.)

WalterE.Washington
ConventionCenter

(PotomacElectric
PowerCompany)

9th StreetN.W.

PEPCOBuilding

2StoryDemolition

PlumbersBldg.

10th StreetN.W.

LStreetN.W.

FutureMarriott
Marquissite

September2002

Alternates Studied

Cross Lot Bracing

Tie-Back Soil Anchors
Raker Braces
Top-Down Construction

Diaphragm Wall & Drilled Shafts Layout Plan

Diaphragm(Slurry)Wall
TemporaryNewTiebacks(Anchors)
EL.+66only

WalterE.Washington
ConventionCenter

PEPCOBuilding
9th StreetN.W.

10th StreetN.W.

DrilledInShaftswith TemporaryDetensionedTiebacksused
PlungedSteelColumns duringConventionCenterConstruction
LStreetN.W.

Convention
Center
SlurryWall

Slurry Wall Construction

1. Install guide
walls
2. Excavate panel
3. Desand
excavated panel
4. Install rebar cage
5. Place concrete

End Stops Used In Slurry Wall Construction

JointPosition

Hydromill Joint

JointPosition
6Min.

Hydromill Bite

PSP

(93Panels)

P
EndStopPulledLaterallyInto
FollowUpExcavation

WaterStopJoint

(UsedAlong9th Street)
(20to24Panels)

PVCWaterstop

FP
BlockOutRemoved
DuringSecondaryPanel
Excavation

SteelBeam(w)Joint
SPS
(usedbelowshallowutilities)
KEY
P=PrimaryPanel
S=SecondaryPanel
F=FollowupPanel

10

Protection & Monitoring of Existing Building

During Slurry Wall Construction

TiltMeters
(MonitoringPoints)
PEPCOBuilding
Plywoodon2x4
Spacedat4c.c.

SlurryWall
UnderConstruction

BelledPier
11

Top-Down Method of Construction: Sequence

Install slurry wall & drilled shafts / basement

plunge columns
Excavate to 1st basement level & construct
basement floor as brace
Excavate below floor; install 2nd basement floor
Install girders above ballrooms
Begin superstructure construction
Continue to progressively excavate & construct
permanent underground floors as bracing
12

Top-Down Method of Construction: Benefits

Ideal for urban sites, deep excavations & wide

construction sites
Stiff bracing system minimizes impact on adjacent
structures
Avoids costly underpinning of adjacent structures
Speeds up project completion as superstructure
starts before excavation is completed
Reduces project financing costs

13

Diaphragm (Slurry) Wall Construction

(Supports Exterior of Building)
GuideWalls
EL.70to77

FILL
EL.50to65
EL.22to40

TERRACESAND
GroundwaterEL.35

DENSESAND
EL.30to20

HARDCLAY
TipEL.38to47
EL.50to60

BEDROCK
14

Drilled Shaft Construction

and Plunge Columns Installation
EL.70to77

FILL

PlungeSteel
Column(Interior
SupportColumns)

EL.50to65
EL.22to40

TERRACESAND

GroundwaterEL.35

DENSESAND
EL.30to20

FinalSubgrade
HARDCLAY

EL.50to60

BEDROCK

DrilledShaft
Concretedto
FinalExcavation
Subgrade 15

Plunge Steel Columns Installed

July17,2012

Excavation for 1st Basement Slab Construction

EL.70to77

FILL

WeldSteel
Bracketto
Column

CompactSoiland
ApplyBondBreaker

EL.50to65

TERRACESAND

EL.22to40

GroundwaterEL.35

DENSESAND
EL.30to20

HARDCLAY

EL.50to60

BEDROCK
17

Construct 1st Basement Slab

CreateOpeningin
SlabforUnderslab
Excavation

EL.70to77

FILL
EL.50to65
EL.22to40

S1
TERRACESAND
GroundwaterEL.35

DENSESAND
EL.30to20

HARDCLAY

EL.50to60

BEDROCK
18

Excavation for 2nd Basement Slab Construction

EL.70to77

FILL

EL.22to40

ExcavateUnderSlab
andConstruct2nd
BasementSlab

S1

EL.50to65

SAND

GroundwaterEL.35

DENSESAND
EL.30to20

HARDCLAY
EL.50to60

BEDROCK

9th Street

10th Street

LStreet

LStreet

Mass.Ave.

Section Looking West

19

TemporaryTiebackAnchors

EL.+70

EL.11
EL.13

UpperBallroom

LowerBallroom
ParkingGarage
ParkingMechanical
20

10

LStreet

9th Street

10th Street

Section Looking North

PEPCOBuilding

LimitofConventionCenter

9th Street

Grand(Upper)Ballroom
JuniorBallroomJuniorBallroom
ParkingGarage(EL. 17.0)

Convention
Center
Connector

Underslab Drainage System Lower Level

FinishFloor
EL7.0

FinishFloor
EL16.0

DrainLines
UnderSlab
OnGrade

CleanUp
Point

22

11

Plan at Parking Garage (EL. -7.0)

HelicalRamp
Shaft

23

Truck Loading Dock Cut-Off Openings in Slurry Walls

9th StreetAbove
ConventionCenterSlurryWall
withCutOffOpeningsforLoadingDock
R4
10

11

12

ExistingBracingStruts
forConventionCenterSlurryWall

TruckBays

B.9

C.7

D
D.3

E
RE

Hotel
SlurryWall
withCutOff
Openingsfor
LoadingDock

ExcavationSequence

F
RG

MB
G.5

H
H.2

1. Installpairedhydraulic
jacksforeachstrut
2. Incrementallyloadjacks
tofullload
3. Disconnectthebracing
systemfromslurrywall
4. Sequentiallyexcavatein
5footlifts.Releasejack
loads5kipsforeach5
feetofexcavation.
5.Afterexcavationis
complete,shimandgrout
betweenwallandwales
andremovejacks.
24

12

Convention Center Construction

PlumbersBuilding

July2000

Convention Center Slurry Wall Looking West

OpeningforEscalatorConnection
Needle
Beam

PermanentGirderSupport

20(TYP)
EL.+50

Panel
Joint
Truck
Ramp

EL.+32

PassagewaytoNewElevator
inConventionCenter

CutOffOpeninginExisting
SlurryWall

ConstructionProcedure
1. Cut40WideSlotatPanelJoints
2. PlaceStubColumnsinSlotsforPanelSupport
3. CutOffandFormOpenings
26

13

Looking North at West End of Site

HydroMill
PEPCOBuilding

Helical
Ramp
Shaft

September15,2011

Drilled
ShaftRig

27

PEPCOBuilding

Helical Ramp Shaft :

Shaft Excavation

September15,2011

14

Helical Ramp Shaft : Inner Shaft Constructed

October19,2011

February16,2012

Helical Ramp Shaft :

Ramp Slab
Under Construction

October19,2011

July17,2012

15

Convention
Center

31

Feb16,2012

July17,2012

32

16

S1SlabCompleted
Excavation
Openings

PreparationforS2Slab

33

Feb16,2012

S1SlabCompleted
Excavation
Opening

PreparationforS2Slab

Feb16,2012

34

17

PlateGirdersSpanningBallroomBelow

ExcavationforGrandBallroom

35

April19,2012

Excavation and Material Supply Openings

in Completed Slab

April19,2012
36

18

Excavator with
Muck Bucket

37

July17,2012

Excavation on Multiple Levels

April19,2012

38

19

Excavation on
Multiple Levels

April19,2012

39

HelicalRamp
Shaft

PlateGirdersSpanning
BallroomBelow
April19,2012

40

20

41

April19,2012

Conclusions

Innovative use of Top-Down Construction

resulted in the successful 97 deep excavation

Use of hydro-mill to install water stop shear

keys simplified slurry wall construction

Benefits of Top-Down Construction include:

Resulting stiff bracing system eliminating need
to underpin adjacent structures
Simultaneous construction below and above
grade resulting in shorter construction
schedule and lower project costs

42

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DC Marriott Marquis Team

Owner:

Marriott International

Architect:

Cooper Carry Architects

TVS Architects JV

Construction Manager:

Hensel Phelps Construction Co.

Structural Engineering:

Thornton Tomasetti

Slurry Wall / Tie back anchor

Subcontractor:

East Coast Slurry Company /

Trevi Icos JV

Geotechnical /
Foundation Engineering:

Mueser Rutledge
Consulting Engineers

Mueser Rutledge Consulting

Engineers
14 Penn Plaza, 225 W. 34th St NY, NY 10122
T: 917 339-9300 F: 917 339-9400
www.mrce.com

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