Characteristics of Static Relay Under Voltage/Over

Voltage
Aim: To study the operation of Microprocessor Based type under voltage relay and hence to
obtain inverse time/voltage characteristics.
Apparatus required:
S.N
o

Apparatus

Type

Quantity

Theory: Over Voltage/Under Voltage Relay is an electronic microcontroller based singlephase voltage relay. It is suitable for over voltage/under voltage protection schemes in LV,
MV and HV power distribution systems. It is also suitable for over voltage protection of AC
circuits, capacitors, machines such as generators, synchronous motor and under voltage
protection of AC circuits, Induction motors, automatic change over schemes etc. The
microcontroller-based design offers a wide range of Trip-Time characteristics, under voltage
or over voltage mode and PT rating (110V, 240V, 415V), which can all be selected in the field
at the time of commissioning. It accepts very wide auxiliary supply range. Relay is designed
for flush mounting. It is very compact in size, which results in saving of panel space. Its
draw-out construction makes installation and maintenance very easy.
Details of L&T Under voltage/Over voltage relay:

Fig 1: Under/Over Voltage Relay

Relay MV12 is a single phase, over voltage or under voltage relay with one measuring
element. The relay can be used for feeder protection in all low voltage, medium voltage and
high voltage sub-stations. DIP switches are provided on the front panel for pick up and
time delay settings. User has a choice of 7 trip time characteristics.

Fig 2: Inter circuit diagram of the relay

Technical Specifications of the relay are:

1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0

Rated Voltage (Vn)

110 / 240 / 415 V AC (Field Selectable)
Rated Frequency
50Hz 2.5 Hz
Auxiliary Power Supply
24V to 110V AC/DC
OR
95V to 240V AC/DC
Relay Settings:
Pick up voltage (Vs)
Over Voltage Mode
105% to 180% of Vn in steps of 5%
Under Voltage mode
95% to 20% of Vn in steps of 5 %
Time Multiplier TMS

5.0

0.1 to 1.6 in steps of 0.1

Operating Characteristics
Time /Current characteristics Normal Inverse 3.5 sec in O/V mode
Normal Inverse 5.7 sec in U/V mode
Definite time 1, 10, 100 sec
Pick up voltage
Same as set voltage Vs
Reset Voltage
(90% to 95% )of set voltage Vs for Over
voltage
(105% to 110% )of set voltage Vs for Under
voltage
Accuracy

5%

Operating time :
Normal Inverse

Definite time

As per IS3231:1987. Please refer fig. 2 for details.

(The curve is given for Vn=110V. For Vn=240V and
Vn=415 V , it is limited by over load capacity)
Three ranges (1 sec, 10 sec, 100 sec)
Time = TMS x Range
c)
With three ranges as above, user can get
definite time delay from 0.1sec to 160 sec

Accuracy
Resettime

As per Error class 5 of

IS3231:1987 Less than 50
millisecond

6.0

Burden

7.0

Operation Indicators

8.0
9.0

Output Relay Contacts

Output contact rating
Rated voltage
Max. S/W
voltage Rated
current Max
Current
Rated Breaking Capacity
Over Load capacity

Less than 0.25 VA at PT input

Less than 8 VA at Auxiliary Power supply
Separate LED indications for :
Power on
Over Voltage
Under Voltage
Trip status (LED blinks when input crosses set point
and becomes steady on when relay has tripped. LED
has to be manually reset)
Time current characteristics selected
2 c/o contacts for trip signal ( self reset)

10.0

250 V AC / 30 V DC
440 V AC / 300 V DC
8A
14 A
2000VA / 240 W (Resistive)
800 Volts

11.0

Electrical
performance
Specifications

12.0

Case
Front Bezel
PanelCutout
Depth

158 x 71 mm
150 x 62 mm
224 mm

Weight

0.9 kg approx.

13.0

Please refer separate document

General Electrical Characteristics

Circuit Diagram:

Calculations:
The following are the calculations for voltage and TMS settings:
Voltage setting on the secondary side of the transformer:
The calculated voltage Vs is given by equation

Vs [1 (0.05 a)]Vn

(1)
+ is for over voltage
- is for under voltage
a= weight of switches {0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4} in ON position
Vn is P.T. rating i.e. 110V.
T.M.S:

T K (0.1 t )
Trip time
t = weight of switches {0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8} in ON position
K = 3.5 for over voltage
5.7 for under voltage

(2)

Procedure for Under Voltage and Over Voltage Testing:

Under Voltage Testing:
1. Connect circuit as per the circuit diagram. Switch ON MCB.
2. Calculate Vs from equations (1) and (2) for different values of a and t and tabulate
the values in table 1 and table 2.
Table 1
a
0.05
0.1
0.2
0.4
t
0.1
0.2
0.4
0.8

Vs

Table 2 (value of K=5.7)

Vs

3. Ensure that the switch S 1 in the circuit diagram is in Under Voltage condition, variac
is in zero positon and the switch TEST is OFF position.
4. Now apply a voltage from variac which is less than the calculated setting voltage V s
for a=0.05 in order to test the operating condition of relay. Observe the relay
indication and tripping. The setup will be in OFF condition.
5. Switch ON the TEST mode, reset the timer
6. Switch ON the green button and note down the time in timer circuit for the applied
under voltage Vs after tripping.
7. Repeat steps from 3 to 6 for three under voltage values.
Over Voltage Testing:
1. Connect circuit as per the connection diagram. For over voltage condition, connect the
relay to the terminals S3 and S4 which are present on the secondary side of the
transformer. Switch ON MCB.
2. Calculate Vs from equations (1) and (2) for different values of a and t and tabulate
the values in table 3 and table 5.
Table 3
a
0.05

Vs

0.1
0.2
0.4
t
0.1
0.2
0.4
0.8

Table 2 (value of K=3.5)

Vs

3. Ensure that the switch S1 in the circuit diagram is in Over Voltage condition, variac
is in zero positon and the switch TEST is OFF position.
4. Now apply a voltage from variac which is greater than the calculated setting voltage
Vs for a=0.05 in order to test the operating condition of relay. Observe the relay
indication and tripping. The setup will be in OFF condition.
5. Switch ON the TEST mode, reset the timer
6. Switch ON the green button and note down the time in timer circuit for the applied
under voltage Vs after tripping.
7. Repeat steps from 3 to 6 for three over voltage values.
Tabular Columns:
Under Voltage testing
S.No

T.M.S

Voltage
Setting

Applied
Voltage

Operating
time

Voltage
Setting

Applied
Voltage

Operating
time

Over Voltage testing

S.No

T.M.S

Questions:
1) Where do one use this relay?

2) The relay which you are working in the lab is based on which operation
mechanism?