NE471-Nanoelectronics

NE471:
Nanoelectronics
Physics, Technology, and Application

Zbig Wasilewski
University of Waterloo
Fall 2013

Lets set the mood

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cAZXcVLMMG0
NE471-Nanoelectronics Fall 2013

NE471: Course Overview

Instructor
Zbig Wasilewski
Professor,
Electrical and Computer Engineering;
WIN Endowed Chair
Office: QNC-4606
Email: zbig.wasilewski@uwaterloo.ca
please identify yourself as a NE471
student when sending me e-mail

Office hours: Monday 11:30-12:30 hours

or by appointment if you cannot
come at the posted times
NE471-Nanoelectronics Fall 2013

NE471: Course Overview

Teaching Assistant
Mohsen Mahmoudysepehr
ECE PhD (Nanotechnology) candidate
Office: ERC-2017
Email: msepehr@uwaterloo.ca
please identify yourself as a NE471 student when sending him email
Office hours: Tuesday 11:30-12:30 hours or by appointment if
you cannot come at the posted times

Responsibilities

Tutorial sessions
Marking quizzes, assignments, and exams
Office hours

NE471-Nanoelectronics Fall 2013

Your weekly workload

Lectures
2hr 40min
Tutorials 50min
Self-study 10-15hr

NE471-Nanoelectronics Fall 2013

NE471: Course Overview

Week-03
Sept. 23-27
Week-04
Sept. 30- Oct. 4
Week-05
Oct. 7- 11
Week-06
Oct. 14 - 18

Thursday

Friday

17:30-18:20

17:30-18:20

14:30-15:50

E2 1303

QNC 1502

QNC 1502

E2 1303

Lecture

E-Lecture

Tutorial

Lecture
Lec-02

Lec-01

Week-10
Nov. 9 Nov. 13
Week-11
Nov. 16 Nov. 20
Week-12
Nov. 23 Nov. 27
December

Quizzes

15

Midterm Exam

30

Final Exam

50

+ ..

Lec-05

Tut-02

Lec-06

Lec-07

Tut-03

Lec-08

Special Competition

Lec-09

Tut-04

Lec-10

Total

Lec-11

Tut-05

Lec-12

Thursday Oct. 24th, 15:30-16:50 in REV 200

Nov. 2 Nov. 6

Assignment

Lec-04

Oct. 21 - 25

Week-09

Weight (%)

Tut-01

Midterm Exam

Oct. 28 Nov. 1

No.

Lec-03

Week-07
Week-08

Item
Grading

Week-02
Sept. 16-20

Wednesday

Lec-13

Tut-06

Lec-14

Lec-15

Tut-07

Lec-16

Lec-17

Tut-08

Lec-18

Lec-19

Tut-09

Lec-20

Lec-21

Tut-10

Lec-22

Final Exam
To be announced

100 + ?

Short quizzes (around 30 min.) will

be given during tutorial sessions.
Quizzes

Week-01
Sept. 9-13

Tuesday
14:30-15:50

Quizzes may cover any material up

to and including the week before
the quiz is given
Solutions will be available on the
course website after the tutorials
TA is responsible for marking
quizzes

NE471-Nanoelectronics Fall 2013

Midterm Exam

Assignments

NE471: Course Overview

Assignments and Midterm Exam
3-4 questions, every two weeks on Friday
Assignments will be due in tutorials (1 week later)
Assignment will be solved in the same session
Solutions to the assignments will be available on the learn
website
Any marking question should be directed to the TA only
Assignments are intended to be completed individually

Closed book
An unlabeled list of formula sheets will be available
The midterm exam will be on Thursday, October 24th in Ron Eydt
Village 200 (REV 200)

NE471-Nanoelectronics Fall 2013

NE471: Course Overview

Special Competition

Team up in group of 7 members (total of 6 groups in the class)

2 Competitions, which will be submitted electronically.
The first 5 groups will be awarded +10, +8, +6, +4, and +2 marks
respectively as a bonus.

NE471-Nanoelectronics Fall 2013

NE471: Course Overview

Text Book: Fundamentals of Nanoelectronics

Required text book

Quantum mechanics of electron
Free and Confined Electron
Band theory of solids
Single-electron and few-electron
phenomena
Electron transport in nanostructures
Selected device examples and analysis

NE471-Nanoelectronics Fall 2013

NE471: Course Overview

Quantum Mechanics Review

State function (Postulate 1)

Operators (Postulate 2)
Equations of motion (Postulate 3)
Eigen functions and basis states
Free particles and de Broglie waves
Boundary conditions
Probability currents
Particles at potential step
QM tunneling effect
Quantum dots, well, and wires
The harmonic oscillator

NE471-Nanoelectronics Fall 2013

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NE471: Course Overview

Quantum Mechanics Review

Layered Nanostructures (Confined electrons)

Fabrication methods of Nanostructures
Selected examples of nanodevices and systems
The required part of the book will be provided.

NE471-Nanoelectronics Fall 2013

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NE471: Course Overview

Other books

Introduction to Solid State Physics, Charles Kittel

Visual Quantum Mechanics, Bernd Thaller
Quantum Mechanics and Quantum Information, M&V Fayngold
Molecular Beam Epitaxy, from research to mass production, edited by M. Henini

NE471-Nanoelectronics Fall 2013

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NE471: Course Overview

Electron in low-dimensional systems

NE471-Nanoelectronics Fall 2013

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NE471: Course Overview

Nanostructure Devices

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Moores Law Manifestations

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Moores Law Manifestations

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Moores Law Manifestations

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End of Si roadmap near

NE471-Nanoelectronics Fall 2013

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End of Si roadmap near

Intel 10 nm commercial
technology ramping up in 2015

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QNC Molecular Beam Epitaxy Facility

NE471-Nanoelectronics Fall 2013

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New QNC MBE system arriving mid-September 2013

Single growth reactor on a cluster tool - (Al, Ga, In)III(As,Sb)V material system
Ready for expansion to three reactor configuration
up to 3 diameter substrates
Automation of wafer transfer. Possible 24/7 operation.

NE471-Nanoelectronics Fall 2013

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The birth of QNC GEN10 MBE system

Veeco, St. Paul, August 27, 2013

NE471-Nanoelectronics Fall 2013

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The birth of QNC GEN10 MBE system

Veeco, St. Paul, August 28, 2013

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The birth of QNC GEN10 MBE system

Veeco, St. Paul, August 29, 2013

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QNC MBE Facility

July 10, 2013

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QNC MBE Facility

September 10, 2013

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HAADF-STEM of GaAs/AlGaAs QCLs

3.2 THz QCL

( = 91 )

810 cm-1 mid-IR QCL

( = 12.3 )

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Self assembled S-K quantum dots

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Selective CBE Growth of InAs/InP Quantum Dots

Courtesy of Phillip Poole, IMS, NRC

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Nanowire showcase
(a) Radial MQWs in a multishell GaAs
AlAs grown on (111)B GaAs.
(b) Radial MQWs in a multishell GaAs
AlAs grown on (001) GaAs.
(c) Axial GaN QWRs separated by
AlxGa1-xN barriers in
GaNAlxGa1-xN NWs
(d) ZB domains within a WZ GaN NW,
acting as QWs.
(e) InAs QD on the surface of a
{110}-faceted GaAsAlAs NW
(f) InAs QDs on the surface of a
{112}-faceted GaAsAlAs NW

ZB Zinc Blende; WZ Wurtzite

M. de la Mata, Journal of Materials Chemistry C (2013). in print

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Role of MBE in Wireless Communication

Epitaxy - Enabling technology
Switch

WCDMA PAs

GaAs based
components

GSM PAs

WCDMA
duplexers

Silicon based
components

EPITAXY

Chip Fabrication

NE471-Nanoelectronics Fall 2013

Component Assembly

31

CPV - Concentrated photovoltaics

multijunction solar cells

Levelized cost of energy (LCOE) forecast

by technology, 2009 - 2016
18.0
c
16.4c

Cost parity with

fossil fuel and
other renewables
Natural gas 12.7c

11.5c
Silicon
9.4c
Thin
film
CPV in high DNI areas
6.8c

CPV
~30%
9
cheaper than Si
.
0
c

Source: GTM
Research

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Megatrends Driving Compound Semiconductor

Adoption
Wireless
High Speed
Connectivity

Smartphones
Tablets, Wifi, WiMax,
infrastructure
Satellite

Efficient
Energy

Opto

Electronics

comms
AOC
Thunderbolt
Fibre-optics

Advanced Silicon
SiGe
GaN on Si
CS on Si

High efficiency, high

power infrastructure
Smart meters

CPV
LED (SSL)

GaN Power
Electric Vehicles
Efficient Power
Switching

Lifestyle
Enhancing

Social networking
Home Automation

Leisure /
gaming
Cosmetic
Health

Leisure / gaming
High capacity
memory
High speed chips

Safety and
Security

Radar
Airport security
RF Communications

Laser
guidance
Night vision
IR CCTV

Military:
Missile detection
Guidance

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QD based on gated 2DEG

GaAs

AlGaAs

AlGaAs: Si

conduction band

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First demonstration of coherent manipulation

of two interacting three-spin states

Nature physics 8 (2012) 54.

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Ultrathin compound semiconductor on insulator layers

for high-performance nanoscale transistors

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Single Photon Emitters

Microcavity single-photon-emitting diode

Bennett, A. J. et al,. Appl. Phys. Lett. 86, 181102 (2005).

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Single Photon Emitters

S. Deshpande, J. Heo, A. Das, and P. Bhattacharya, Nature Communication 4 (2013) 1675.

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Down the Rabbit-Hole

2 2
+ ,
,
=

2
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Paving the road to Nanoelectronics

Wolfgang Pauli
1900-1958

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Some wisdom from Richard Feynman

On Quantum Electrodynamics (QED):
What I am going to tell you about is what we
teach our physics students in the third or fourth
year of graduate school... It is my task to
convince you not to turn away because you
don't understand it. You see my physics students
don't understand it... That is because I don't
understand it. Nobody does.
QED, The Strange Theory of Light and Matter, by
Richard Feynman

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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Ks8gsK22PA
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