Manual Usuario Intergraph TANK 2014

TANK
User's Guide
Version 2014 (6.0)
December 2013
DICAS-PE-200107E
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TANK User's Guide
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TANK User's Guide
TANK User's Guide
Contents
What's New in TANK 2014 .......................................................................................................................... 9
Introduction ................................................................................................................................................ 11
Program Capabilities ............................................................................................................................. 11
TANK Input............................................................................................................................................ 13
TANK Interface ........................................................................................................................................... 15
File Tab ................................................................................................................................................. 16
Home Tab ............................................................................................................................................. 17
File Panel ........................................................................................................................................ 18
Edit Panel ....................................................................................................................................... 18
Title Page Panel ............................................................................................................................. 19
Input Panel ..................................................................................................................................... 19
Scratchpad Panel ........................................................................................................................... 61
Analyze Panel ................................................................................................................................. 65
Units Panel ..................................................................................................................................... 65
2D Plot Panel .................................................................................................................................. 66
Tools Tab .............................................................................................................................................. 67
Configuration .................................................................................................................................. 69
Make Unit ....................................................................................................................................... 75
Material Database Editor ................................................................................................................ 76
Diagnostics Tab .................................................................................................................................... 83
CRC Check ..................................................................................................................................... 83
Program Scanner ........................................................................................................................... 84
Error Review ................................................................................................................................... 85
ESL Tab ................................................................................................................................................ 85
Access Registry Details through the ESL....................................................................................... 87
Help Tab................................................................................................................................................ 88
Build a Tank Vessel ................................................................................................................................... 91
Input Data.............................................................................................................................................. 92
Starting TANK ................................................................................................................................. 92
Define the Tank Data...................................................................................................................... 92
Define the Shell Courses ................................................................................................................ 93
Define the Roof Specifications ....................................................................................................... 94
Check the Input for Errors ..................................................................................................................... 95
Complete the Error Check Phase ................................................................................................... 96
Analyze the Tank .................................................................................................................................. 97
TANK Program Files....................................................................................................................... 98
Solution Overview........................................................................................................................... 99
Generate Output Reports .................................................................................................................... 101
Use the Output Processor ............................................................................................................ 102
Report List Tab ............................................................................................................................. 104
Options Tab .................................................................................................................................. 114
TANK User's Guide
Contents
View the Graphics Output ................................................................................................................... 115
3D View ........................................................................................................................................ 115
2D View ........................................................................................................................................ 118
Examples .................................................................................................................................................. 125
Example Problem APP_K ................................................................................................................... 125
Example Problem O_WC .................................................................................................................... 125
Example Problem A_WC .................................................................................................................... 125
Example Problem KOCZWARA .......................................................................................................... 126
Example Problem B&Y ....................................................................................................................... 126
Example Problem SSTEST1............................................................................................................... 126
Example Problem TEST1 ................................................................................................................... 126
Example Problem SSC1 ..................................................................................................................... 126
Example Problem APP_P ................................................................................................................... 126
Example Problem EXTERN01 ............................................................................................................ 126
Example Problem SEIS01 .................................................................................................................. 126
Appendix A - Program File List .............................................................................................................. 127
Main Set .............................................................................................................................................. 127
Help & Error Processing Set ............................................................................................................... 128
English Text Set .................................................................................................................................. 128
API Data Set ....................................................................................................................................... 128
Examples Data Set ............................................................................................................................. 129
Appendix B - Standard Units Systems .................................................................................................. 131
Appendix C - List of Materials ................................................................................................................ 133
* ASTM Standards .............................................................................................................................. 134
* CSA Standards ................................................................................................................................. 134
* National Standards ........................................................................................................................... 134
* ISO 630 ............................................................................................................................................. 135
* Stainless Steels (Temperature Dependent) ..................................................................................... 135
* Duplex Stainless Steels (Temperature Dependent) ......................................................................... 135
* Unknown For API-653 ...................................................................................................................... 135
Appendix D - Default Configuration Directives .................................................................................... 137
Appendix E - Selected References ........................................................................................................ 139
Appendix F - Revision History ............................................................................................................... 141
Version 5.00 Changes (4/13) .............................................................................................................. 141
Version 4.00 Changes (3/12) .............................................................................................................. 142
Version 3.30 Changes (9/10) .............................................................................................................. 142
Version 3.20 Changes (9/09) .............................................................................................................. 142
Version 3.10 Changes (9/08) .............................................................................................................. 142
Version 3.00 Changes (11/07) ............................................................................................................ 143
Version 2.55 Changes (10/05) ............................................................................................................ 143
Version 2.50 Changes (3/04) .............................................................................................................. 143
Version 2.40 Changes (7/02) .............................................................................................................. 143
Version 2.30 Changes (2/02) .............................................................................................................. 144
TANK User's Guide
Contents
Version 2.20 Changes (9/00) .............................................................................................................. 144
Version 2.10 Changes (5/00) .............................................................................................................. 144
Version 1.60 / 2.00 Changes (1/99) .................................................................................................... 144
Version 1.51 Changes (9/97) .............................................................................................................. 145
Version 1.50 Changes (5/97) .............................................................................................................. 145
Version 1.40 Changes (9/96) .............................................................................................................. 146
Version 1.31 Changes (2/96) .............................................................................................................. 146
Version 1.30 Changes (8/95) .............................................................................................................. 147
Version 1.20 Changes (11/94) ............................................................................................................ 147
Version 1.10 Changes (6/94) .............................................................................................................. 148
Index ......................................................................................................................................................... 149
TANK User's Guide
Contents
TANK User's Guide
What's New in TANK 2014

The following changes have been made to TANK 2014:
Version 2014 (6.0)
Updated graphic model to include 3D View.
Updated the software to support API 650, 12th Edition (Errata, July 2013).
Updated the software to support API 2000, 6th Edition (November 2009).
Updated the software to support API 653, 4th Edition (November 2013).
Completed various UI updates.
Added a new Check for Update option for software updates.
Updated Supported Cone Roof Data to include a Structural Database input, which is
separate from the tank-specified database input.
Revised the software to store the Reload Last File at Startup configuration setting in the
registry settings.
Updated Help with information for all enhancements and previous software revisions.
For a complete TANK revision history, see Appendix F - Revision History (on page 141).
TANK User's Guide
What's New in TANK 2014
10
TANK User's Guide
SECTION 1
Introduction
TANK is a software tool for the design and analysis of large storage tanks using the API-650
and API-653 design codes. TANK incorporates interactive dialogs for user input, input validation
to avoid run time errors, and extensive diagnostics to assist in problem resolution.
This manual provides detailed instructions for the configuration and operation of the program.
Additionally, cell-specific help for guidance and information can be launched by pressing F1.
For installation information, refer to the TANK Installation Guide.
Program Capabilities
TANK incorporates the major considerations of API-650 Section 5 and several of the
Appendices. These include:
Shell course thickness and fluid height computations according to either the variable point
method or the one foot method.
Wind girder computations for the top and up to five intermediate girders.
Minimum metal temperature reporting.
Shell course thickness and fluid height computations according to Appendix A.
Seismic computations according to Appendix E.
Internal pressure considerations according to Appendix F.
Grillage computations according to Appendix I.
Material modifications due to temperature according to Appendix M.
Cycle Life computations according to Appendix M.
TANK User's Guide
11
Introduction
Nozzle flexibilities and limiting loads according to Appendix P, including the limiting load
interaction diagrams.
Stainless Steel considerations according to Appendix S.
External pressure computations according to Appendix V.
Duplex Stainless Steel considerations according to Appendix X.
An alternate nozzle stiffness calculation routine according to PVP-1279.
Tank sizing/costing scratch-pad.
A Material Database editor.
TANK also incorporates the following considerations from API-653:
Material modifications according to Section 2.3.
Shell Settlement evaluation according to Appendix B.
Retiring thicknesses and remaining corrosion allowance.
Corroded hydrotest case
Shell thickness evaluations using individual joint efficiencies and L locations
Bottom Plate minimum thickness determinations
Hydrotest heights
TANK can also design or analyze a supported cone roof according to the procedures outlined in
Brownell & Young. TANK also incorporates venting computations from API-2000.
TANK relies extensively on data specified in the API codes. This includes the material data from
Table 5.2, and digitized data from Appendix P. Other data tables have also been incorporated
into the program where necessary.
Every effort is made to insure that TANK is up to date with the current codes.
12
TANK User's Guide
Introduction
TANK Input
The first step in the design or analysis of a tank is to generate an input file, which describes the
characteristics of the tank. Each tank requires an input file with a unique job name for each
configuration to be studied. All of the tank particulars and descriptive information are stored in
this input file. The input file name consists of the job name as the prefix, followed by a .TKI
extension.
Start the input process by selecting File > New or File > Open (and browsing to select an
existing TANK file) and then choosing any option from the Input panel.
TANK separates the input data into logical categories. Each category addresses a specific code
requirement on design task. You must enter tank input data using the General Tank Data
command to save the tank input file. For more information on tank input data commands, see
the Input Panel section in the TANK User's Guide.
As with most software programs, there is an option to save the current state of the input data to
a file. With TANK, you can save the input by using File > Save, or by clicking Save . Save
your input frequently during any extended editing session. When you begin an analysis the
software also saves the data automatically, but it is always best to save the data yourself too.
When you are finished defining the input for your vessel, use the Analyze panel to verify and/or
analyze the job.
For more information, review the other TANK commands in the TANK User's Guide, and then
see Build a Tank Vessel (on page 91).
TANK User's Guide
13
Introduction
14
TANK User's Guide
SECTION 2
TANK Interface
The main TANK window has a quick access toolbar in the top left corner (indicated with a red 1
in the picture below), which you can customize with the commands that you use the most.
Directly below the quick access toolbar is a series of ribbons (indicated by the red 2) and panels.
Each ribbon tab contains different panels related to that ribbon. For example, on the Home Tab
(on page 17), you can complete commands related to files (on File Panel (on page 18), shown
with a red 3), perform edits to tank data (on the Edit Panel (on page 18) shown with a red 4),
specify title information for the job (on the Title Page Panel (on page 19)), input tank data (on
the Input Panel (on page 19)), and more.
The TANK panel commands primarily relate to input options, along with some commands for
output review (both text and graphics). The other TANK tabs include commands for software
tools, diagnostic utilities (such as the Material Database Editor), ESL review, and help options.
In This Section
File Tab .......................................................................................... 16
Home Tab ...................................................................................... 17
Tools Tab ....................................................................................... 66
Diagnostics Tab ............................................................................. 83
ESL Tab ......................................................................................... 85
Help Tab ........................................................................................ 88
TANK User's Guide
15
TANK Interface
File Tab
Controls general operations of TANK files.
The File tab contains the following commands:

Open - Opens an existing TANK (.tki) file.
Recent - Displays recently-opened files and folder. Select a file to open.
Save - Saves the open .tki file.
Save As - Saves the open .tki file with a new name.
Print Setup - Selects a printer and printer options.
Preview/Print - Previews and prints the graphics in the open file.
Help - Displays help, getting started, contact information, and version
number for TANK.
System Folder - Opens the System folder in Windows Explorer.
Exit - Closes the software.
16
TANK User's Guide
TANK Interface
Home Tab
Displays the most commonly-used commands in TANK. The software displays with the Home
tab active by default.
The Home tab contains the following panels:

Panel
Description
File
Provides file management commands, such as Open, Save,

and Print. For more information, see File Panel (on page 18).
Edit
Provides commands for basic editing tasks in TANK. For more

information, see Edit Panel (on page 18).
Title Page
Provides commands that let you add descriptive information

about the tank to your job. For more information, see Title Page
Panel (on page 19).
Input
Provides commands to add input data to a tank. For more

information, see Input Panel (on page 19).
Scratchpad
Provides scratchpads for your tank, where you can compute

data that you later enter in the tank input boxes. For more
information, see Scratchpad Panel (on page 61).
Analyze
Provides commands for analyzing the tank. For more

information, see Analyze Panel (on page 65).
Units
Provides commands for changing units used in the tank job. For
more information, see Units Panel (on page 65).
2D Plot
Provides commands for plotting out various tank details using

the graphics processor in 2D View. For more information, see
2D Plot Panel (on page 66) and View the Graphics Output (on
page 115).
TANK User's Guide
17
TANK Interface
File Panel
The Home > File panel consists of the standard program options for creating new TANK jobs,
opening existing jobs, and saving jobs.
The commands associated with this panel include:

New - Creates a new TANK (.tki) file.
Open - Opens an existing TANK file.
Save - Saves the TANK file.
System Folder - Opens the system folder for TANK. Log files, report header information,
and other software information is saved in this folder.
Edit Panel
The Home > Edit panel includes commands that let you perform common editing tasks to your
tank data.

Cut - Cuts selected elements from the document and pastes them to the Clipboard. The
selected elements replace the previous contents of the Clipboard.
Copy - Copies selected elements to the Clipboard. The selected elements replace the
previous contents of the Clipboard.
Paste - Inserts the Clipboard contents into the file. The command is not available if the
Clipboard is empty.
18
TANK User's Guide
TANK Interface
Title Page Panel

The Home > Title Page panel provides commands that let you describe the tank being studied.

Title Page - Displays the Title Page dialog box. Enter a text description. Use of this dialog
box is optional, but is highly recommended.
Default Title Page - Restores the default title page, located in the file TITLE.HED.
The title page can contain 60 lines of 75 characters. You can scroll down to view any additional
lines. Use standard editing functions to enter information in this dialog box.
The following shows an example of a title page file.
Input Panel
The Home > Input panel contains all of the input commands necessary to define a TANK job.
Each command defines a type of data.
TANK User's Guide
19
TANK Interface
General Tank Data - Opens the General Tank Data dialog box. Data must be provided on
this dialog box for every tank analyzed. This information consists of the diameter, the
number of courses, the course height, course thickness, course material, fluid depth, fluid
specific gravity, temperature, pressure, external loads, and the needed code. For more
information, see General Tank Data (on page 21).
Seismic Data Specifications - Opens the Seismic Data Specifications dialog box, where
you can describe the seismic parameters associated with the tank location. The
computations that use this data are found in API-650 Appendix E. This is dialog box is an
optional input, depending on the tank. For more information, see Seismic Data
Specifications (on page 33).
Nozzle Stiffness - Opens the Nozzle Stiffness dialog box, which allows you to specify up
to fifteen low nozzles on the tank. The computations that use this data are found in API-650
Appendix P. This dialog box is an optional input, depending on the tank. For more
information, see Nozzle Stiffnesses (on page 35).
External Pressure - Opens the Appendix V External Pressure dialog box, where you can
enter data that determines the external pressure capacity of the tank. For more information,
see External Pressure (on page 38).
Inspection Data - Opens the API-653 Service Measurement Data dialog box. For more
information, see Inspection Data (on page 39).
Roof Specification - Opens the Roof Specification Parameters dialog box, where you
can enter roof descriptive parameters. The computations that use this data are found in
API-650 Appendix F and in the text by Brownell & Young. This dialog box is an optional
input, depending on the tank. For more information, see Roof Specifications (on page 42).
Grillage Review - Opens the Grillage Review dialog box, where you can specify the
grillage parameters. The specifics of this computation are found in API-650 Appendix I,
Section I.7. This dialog box is an optional input, depending on the tank. For more
information, see Grillage Review (on page 56).
Cycle Life - Opens the Appendix M Cycle Life Data specification used in the procedures
outlined in API-650 Appendix M to determine the allowed number of fill-empty cycles the
tank can undergo without a detailed stress analysis. This dialog is an optional input,
depending on the tank. For more information, see Cycle Life (on page 57).
Shell Settlement - Opens the Shell Settlement Data dialog box used in the procedures
outlined in API-653 Appendix B to determine the maximum and allowed out-of-plane
settlement of the tank shell. This dialog box is an optional input, depending on the tank. For
more information, see Shell Settlement (on page 58).
Venting Requirements - Opens the API-2000 Venting Data dialog box used to determine
the necessary venting for in-breathing, out-breathing, and fire. For more information, see
Venting Requirements (on page 59).
20
TANK User's Guide
TANK Interface
General Tank Data

The General Tank Data dialog box (accessed by selecting Home>Input > General Tank Data
) lets you define details about the basic characteristics of the tank.
The Tank Data tab specifies the overall characteristics of the tank. For each input cell, a
descriptive comment defines the expected input. Where applicable, the expected units
display to the right of the input cell. For more information, see Tank Data Tab (on page 22).
The Shell Courses tab displays a grid where the height, thickness, corrosion allowance,
material name, material design stress, and material test stress can be specified for each
shell course. The material and its properties specified on this tab are used as default values
for all of the shell courses. You can use the options on this tab to change the material, if
necessary, on a course-by-course basis. For more information, see Shell Courses Tab (on
page 27).
The Wind Details tab defines detailed wind parameters specific to ASCE #7. If these times
are not defined, TANK uses the recommended API 650 defaults. For more information, see
Wind Details Tab (on page 29).
The Anchor Bolt and Gusset Details tab defines the data necessary for the software to
design anchorage, if necessary. API-650 Section 5.12 defines a number of different cases
which must be evaluated (depending on the tank), and may result in the design of required
anchorage. For more information, see Anchor Bolt and Gusset Details Tab (on page 29).
TANK User's Guide
21
TANK Interface
Tank Data Tab
The Tank Data tab specifies the overall characteristics of the tank. For each input cell, a
descriptive comment defines the expected input. Where applicable, the expected units display to
the right of the input cell.
API Design Code - Defines whether API-650 or API-653 rules are applied to the current job file.
Select the entry from the list.
API-650 is intended for the design of new tanks and can be implemented in either design
or analysis modes. Because API-653 is intended for the analysis of existing tanks, it can only be
used in analysis mode.
Design Method - Specifies the preferred method of evaluating the shell course thickness
requirements. You can choose: Variable Point, One Foot, or Appendix A. The Design
Method also determines which method is used to compute the allowed fluid heights.
Run Objective - Specifies whether the software should analyze the tank based on your input, or
design the necessary parameters to satisfy the API code.
The setting of this option affects all computations following the shell course
thickness evaluation, as described below:
If you select Design, subsequent calculations for wind girders, seismic, and internal
pressure use the larger of the design or test thicknesses.
If you select Analyze, subsequent calculations use the user-specified course thicknesses.
The computed thicknesses for the design and test cases are reported for information
purposes only. A message is included in the output report when Analyze is selected.
Design Temperature - Defines the design temperature in the indicated units. API-650 limits the
design temperature to 200 F / 93 C. If the design temperature exceeds this limit but is less
than 500 F / 260 C, then the rules of Appendix M are applied.
Design temperatures in excess of 500 F / 352 C cause a fatal error.
If the value of the design temperature is changed, the software automatically implements a
routine to interpolate the data from API-650 Table P-1. The resulting values of modulus and
expansion coefficient are inserted into the Nozzle dialog box.
Design Pressure at Top - Defines the design pressure in the indicated units.
API-650, Appendix F, limits the design pressure to 2.5 psi / 17.2 kPa.
Tank Nominal Diameter [D] - Defines the diameter of the tank.
According to API-650, the software assumes the tank diameter is the centerline diameter
of the bottom shell course plates.
Tank Shell Height [HTK] - Defines the total height of the tank shell. This value should be the
sum of the individual course heights, and is used in the wind load computations.
Design Liquid Level [H] - Defines the height of the design liquid level. This is the height from
the tank bottom to the top of the shell, or to the bottom of any overflow device.
Liquid Specific Gravity [G] - Defines the specific gravity of the fluid.
This value is used only in the Design case. The software automatically uses a specific
gravity of 1.0 for the Hydrotest case.
22
TANK User's Guide
TANK Interface
Weight of Attachments/Structures - Defines the total weight of the attachments and structures
on the roof and shell which should be considered to resist uplift and in the maximum allowed
pressure computation.
Distance Down to Top Wind Girder - Defines the distance from the top of the tank shell to the
location of the top wind girder.
If the top wind girder is at the top of the shell, type 0.
If the top wind girder is below the top of the tank, such as for a walk-way, type the actual
distance.
Joint Efficiency (App A or 653 [E] - According to Appendix A.3.4, the joint efficiency should be
either 0.85 or 0.70. API-653 Section 2.3.3 also uses this value of joint efficiency. No other
computations use this value, so the default of 1.0 can be left alone for variable point and one
foot API-650 calculations.
API-653 2nd Edition provides Table 2-1 for weld joint efficiencies if the original E value is
unknown. This table is reproduced as follows:
Standard
Edition & Year
Joint Type
Joint Efficiency E
Applicability or Limits
API-650
7th & Later
Butt
1.00
Basic Standard
(1980-Present)
Butt
0.85
Appendix A - Spot RT
Butt
0.70
Appendix A - No RT
1st - 6th
Butt
0.85
Basic Standard
(1961-1978)
Butt
1.00
Appendices D&G
14th & 15th

(1957-1958)
Butt
0.85
3rd-13th
(1940-1956)
Lap (a)
0.75
Butt (c)
0.85
Lap (a)
0.70
7/16 inch max t
Lap (b)
0.50 + k/5
1/4 inch max t
Butt (c)
0.85
Lap (a)
0.70
7/16 inch max t
Lap (b)
0.50 + k/5
1/4 inch max t
Butt (c)
0.85
Lap (d)
0.35
API-12C
1st & 2nd

(1936-1939)
Unknown
TANK User's Guide
3/8 inch max t
23
TANK Interface
(a)
Full double lap welded.
(b)
Full fillet weld with at least 25% intermittent full fillet opposite side:
k = percent of intermittent weld expressed in decimal form.
(c)
Single butt-welded joints with a back-up bar were permitted from the
years of 1936 to 1940 and 1948 to 1954.
(d)
Single lap welded only.
Wind Velocity - Defines the wind velocity acting on the tank. You should follow Section
5.9.7.1a. The standard is a 120 mile per hour (53.6 m/sec) wind but may be increased to
account for additional tank height, wind gust, internal pressure, or open-top tanks.
Several configuration settings control how the wind pressure is computed and applied to the
tank. These configuration settings are as follows:
Roof Projection in Wind Moment - Turns on and off wind loads on the roof.
10% Plus 5psf in Wind Moment - Defines the basic wind moment definition according to
Section 5.9.7.
Section 5.11 Wind Pressure - Defines the wind pressure to be used for Section 5.11
stability.
Pressure Ratio [Fp] - Defines the ratio of the normal operating pressure to the design pressure.
The value of Fp is used in Appendix R and Section 5.11 of the API 650 Code.
The minimum value of Fp is 0.4. Values lower than 0.4 are automatically set to 0.4.
The maximum value of Fp is 1.0. Values higher than 1 are automatically set to 1.
If your tank has zero internal design pressure, enter a value of 0.4 for Fp.
Default Shell Course Material - Defines the default material name for all individual shell
courses.
Click the down arrow on the Default Shell Course Material box to view and change the shell
course material properties. The material data specified here pertains to the entire tank. If the
material varies over the shell courses, you must specify that on the Shell Courses Tab (on page
27).
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Click
to the right of the box to display the Material Selection dialog box (shown below),
from which you can select any valid material from the active database. Click Tools >
Configuration > Database Definitions (on page 73) to select or change the active material
database file.
Number of Shell Courses - Defines the number of shell courses in the tank. Use this box to
check the shell course input and control the shell course generation, if necessary.
Insulation Thickness - Defines the thickness of the insulation on the tank shell. The insulation
is assumed to extend from the bottom of course #1 to the top of the last (top) course.
Insulation Density - Defines the density of the tank insulation.
Plate Length - Defines the length of the plate for the tank.
The software uses this input for the 3D plot only.
Course Offset - Defines the offset distance of the weld between the plates.
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The following graphic explains the course offset in relation to the plate length.
Include Annular Base Plate Details - Defines whether the tank has an annular base ring. If the
tank does not have an annular base ring, do not select this check box.
Include Wind Moment in Appendix F.4.2 Calculations - Defines whether a wind moment term
is included. As of API-650 9th Edition, the equation for the maximum allowed pressure in
Section F.4.2 includes a wind moment term. A later code interpretation makes the use of this
wind moment term optional.
To include the wind moment term, select this check box. Clear this check box to ignore the wind
moment term (as in the 8th Edition).
Entire shell course evaluation - Defines whether the shell thickness calculation is for the entire
shell course according to API-653 Section 4.3.3.1. This selection uses equation 4.3.3.1.a, which
deducts one foot from the fluid height.
This deduction only occurs if the one-foot method is in use.
The software only displays this box when you select 653 in the API Design Code box at the
top of the Tank Data tab.
Local area of shell only - Specifies whether the shell thickness calculation is for a local area of
the shell course, according to API-653 Section 4.3.3.1. This selection uses equation 4.3.3.1.b,
which does not deduct one foot from the fluid height.
The software only displays this box when you select 653 in the API Design Code box at
the top of the Tank Data tab.
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Shell Courses Tab
The material and its properties specified on the Shell Courses tab are used as default values
for all of the shell courses. You can use the options on this tab to change the material, if
necessary, on a course-by-course basis. The Shell Courses tab displays a grid where the
height, thickness, corrosion allowance, material name, material design stress, and material test
stress can be specified for each shell course.
The design and test stress values for the specified material are normally acquired from the
Material Database. Initially, all courses acquire the same material, as specified on the Tank
Data tab. However, as necessary, specific shell courses may be assigned a different
material, or the material for specific courses may be manually modified by the user.
For carbon steels from Table 3-2, the software fills in the Sd and St values. For stainless
steels, the value used for Sd is unknown until run-time. Therefore, for stainless materials,
the allowable versus temperature table displays in the right-most grid columns of this dialog.
For stainless materials, the value of Sd (on this dialog) is shown as zero. The actual value
used in the calculations is reported in the output.
Height - Defines the height for the current shell course in the specified units. The sum of all
shell course heights should equal the tank shell height entered previously.
If it is constant, the shell course height does not need to be specified for any course after the
first course.
If this cell is left blank, the software duplicates the shell course height to all required
courses.
Thickness - Specifies the thickness for the current shell course. If the purpose of this job is to
design the shell course thickness, then enter a good starting value (see API-650 5.6.1.1). If this
cell is left blank for the first course, the software sets the thickness according to API-650 Table
5.6.1.1.
first course.
courses.
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TANK Interface
Corrosion Allowance - Defines the corrosion allowance to be considered in the thickness
evaluations for shell course.
first course.
courses.
Material - Displays the material name you selected for the shell course on the Tank Data tab.
to the right of the box to
To view the properties for the selected shell course material, click
open the Material Properties dialog box.
You can edit the properties in the Material Properties dialog box, to override or modify the
properties retrieved from the database for a particular tank.
To change the shell course material specified in the Material box, clear the box and
to the right of the blank box to open the Material Selection dialog
press Enter. Then, click
box, from which you can double-click to select a new material.
Design Stress, Sd - Represents the allowable design stress, referred to as Sd in the API code.
This value is automatically registered by the software if the material was selected from the
database.
If necessary, the value of design allowable stress obtained from the database may be
overridden by typing in a different value.
For stainless steels, this value is displayed as zero, since a temperature versus allowable
table is used instead.
Hydro Test Stress, St- Represents the allowable test stress, referred to as St in the API code.
database.
If necessary, the value of test allowable stress obtained from the database may be overridden
by typing in a different value.
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SSD1 through SSD5 - Represents the allowable stress for a stainless steel according to
API-650 Appendix S, Table S-2. These values are used during the computation phase of the
solution to determine the actual Sd value.
For stainless steels, these values are interpolated during the solution phase. For this reason, the
value of Sd (at the left) is displayed as 0.
Wind Details Tab

Provides options for defining detailed wind parameters specific to ASCE #7.
If these values are not defined, TANK uses the recommended API 650 defaults.
Velocity pressure exposure coefficient (Kz) - Specifies the velocity pressure coefficient as
defined by ASCE #7. If left blank, the value defaults to 1.04.
Topographic Factor (Kzt) - Defines the wind speed up factor for hills. This value should be 1.0
(the default) except for those structures on isolated hills or escarpments.
Wind Directionality Factor (Kd) - Defines the wind directionality factor. API 650 recommends a
value of 0.95, the default for this option.
Importance Factor (I) - Specifies the wind importance factor as defined by ASCE #7. If left
blank, the value defaults to 1.0.
Gust Effect Factor (Gh) - Specifies the wind gust factor as defined by ASCE #7. If left blank,
the value defaults to 0.85.
User defined Wind Pressure vs. Elevation - Defines whether you want to enter wind pressure
and "To" Height (elevation) values.
"To" Height -Defines the elevation.
Pressure - Defines the pressure.
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Anchor Bolt and Gusset Details Tab
The Anchor Bolt and Gusset Details tab contains the following information:
Anchor Bolt Data
Gusset and Top Plate Input (Anchor Chairs)
Anchor Bolt Data

Anchor Bolt Diameter (optional) (d) - Defines the bolt diameter of an existing anchorage. This
is an optional value.
Threads per Unit Length - The software can either evaluate a user-specified design or design
an anchorage according to API-650 Section 5.12. In order to size the anchor bolts, the thread
pitch is necessary. The pitch is the reciprocal of the parameter known as threads per inch.
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Type the threads per inch in the appropriate units. This is a required entry used in the event that
the software must design an anchorage. Typical threads per inch for various size UNC bolts are
listed in the following table:
Basic Major Diameter (in)
Threads per Inch
0.5000
13
0.6250
11
0.7500
10
0.8750
1.0000
1.1250
1.2500
1.3750
1.5000
1.7500
2.0000
4.5
2.2500
4.5
2.5000
2.7500
3.0000
3.2500
3.5000
3.7500
4.0000
Number of Anchor Bolts (optional) - Defines the number of anchor bolts for evaluation of an
existing anchorage. If the software redesigns the anchorage, the number of bolts will be a
multiple of the bolt increment specified in the configuration.
Bolt Yield Stress - Defines the yield stress of the anchor bolts for use in Section 5.12. This is a
required entry that is used in the event that the software must design an anchorage.
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Bolt Offset from Mean Tank Diameter - Defines the offset from the mean tank diameter to the
anchor bolt circle. This value must be greater than zero for bolt circles outside the tank. If this
value is left blank, an offset of 0.0 is used.
The software internally multiplies this value by 2.0 before adding it to the tank diameter
value.
Anchor Bolt Corrosion Allowance - Defines the value of the corrosion allowance to be
considered when sizing the anchor bolts.
Previous versions of API-650, Section F.7.4, required a corrosion allowance of at least
0.25 inches.
Gusset and Top Plate Input (Anchor Chairs)

Evaluate Anchor Chair Assembly? - Activates anchor chair assembly inputs so you can
specify details for this anchor bolt.
If you select this check box, then the software activates the inputs below this section of the
dialog box. Selecting this checkbox lets you evaluate the chair assembly using standards
from the AISI document, Steel Plate Engineering Data, Volume 1: Steel Tanks for Liquid
Storage (Revised Edition 1992).
If you clear this check box, the software disables anchor chair assembly inputs and does not
evaluate the anchor bolt assembly.
Height of Gussets (hg) - Defines the height of the gussets.
Refer to the figure on the right side of the dialog box for a diagram explaining the value of [hg].
Gusset Plate Thickness - Enter the gusset plate thickness.
Refer to the figure on the right side of the dialog box for the value of [j].
Distance between Gussets (g) - Defines the distance between gussets.
Refer to the figure on the right side of the dialog box for the value of [g].
Width at top of Gussets (twdt) - Defines the width at the top of the gussets.
Refer to the figure on the right side of the dialog box for the value of [twdt].
Width at base of Gussets (bwdt) - Defines the width at the base of the gussets.
Refer to the figure on the right side of the dialog box for the value of [bwdt].
Top Plate Thickness (c) - Defines the top plate thickness.
Refer to the figure on the right side of the dialog box for the value of [c].
Top Plate Circumferential Width (a) - Defines the top plate circumferential width.
Refer to the figure on the right side of the dialog box for the value of [a].
Top Plate Radial Width (b) - Defines the top plate radial width.
Refer to the figure on the right side of the dialog box for the value of [b].
Corrosion Allowance on Chairs (Ca) - Defines the corrosion allowance needed for anchor
chairs. API 650 specifies that the corrosion allowance specified on a tank does not apply to
external attachments, such as chairs, unless they are specified separately.
Allowable Tensile Stress of Plates (S) - Defines the allowable tensile stress of plates.
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Seismic Data Specifications

The Seismic Data Specifications dialog box (accessed by selecting Home > Input > Seismic
) lets you specify seismic (earthquake) parameters. This dialog box is
Data Specifications
optional for tank input.
The Seismic Data Specifications dialog box contains the following input fields:
Minimum Yield Strength of Bottom Plate - Defines the minimum yield strength of the bottom
plate.
Minimum Yield Strength of Weld Material - Defines the minimum yield strength of the weld
material.
Seismic Use Group - Specifies the Seismic Use Group for the tank. See API-650 Section E.3.1
for details on the various SUG categories. Valid entries for this field are 1, 2, or 3 (corresponding
to SUG groups I, II, and III).
Friction Factor - Specifies the friction factor used to determine tank sliding in API-650 Section
E.7.6. API limits the maximum value of this friction factor to 0.4.
Importance Factor - Specifies the API importance factor. Usually, this value is 1.0, unless
specified otherwise by the purchaser. API recommends that this value not exceed 1.25, and that
this value (1.25) only be used for emergency services.
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Initial Anchorage Type - Defines the initial anchorage type as either Self or Mechanical
(bolts).
Even if you specify a self-anchored tank, the requirements of the Code may be such that
anchor bolts are required. In this instance, the software will design bolting.
Earthquake Type - Defines the earthquake type as either Mapped or Site Specific. For more
information about earthquake types, refer to API-650 Sections E.4.2 and E.4.3.
Site Class - Defines the seismic site class according to Section E.4.6. Valid choices are A
through F, where F represents soils that require site-specific evaluations.
Spectral Acceleration Adjustment Coefficient (K) - Defines the spectral acceleration
adjustment coefficient (K). This coefficient is used to adjust the spectral acceleration from 5% to
0.5% damping. If no value is specified, the coefficient defaults to 1.5.
Scaling Factor (Q) - Defines the scaling factor from the maximum considered earthquake
(MCE) to the design level spectral accelerations. The value of Q is 2/3 for ASCE #7.
Transitional Period (TL) - Defines the regional-dependent transition period for longer period
ground motion, in seconds. Unless otherwise specified, Transitional Period is taken as the
mapped value found in ASCE #7.
Mapped Max Earthquake Short Period (Ss) - Defines Ss, which is the mapped maximum
considered earthquake, 5% damped, spectral response acceleration parameter at short periods
(0.2s), %g.
Mapped Max Earthquake 1-sec. Period (S1) - Defines S1, which is the mapped maximum
considered earthquake, 5% damped, spectral response acceleration parameter at a period of
one second, %g.
Mapped Max Earthquake 0-sec. Period (S0) - Defines S0, which is the mapped maximum
considered earthquake, 5% damped, spectral response acceleration parameter at a period of
zero seconds (peak ground acceleration for a rigid structure), %g.
Peak Ground Acceleration for Non-ASCE (Sp) - Defines SP, which is the design level peak
ground acceleration parameter for sites not addressed by ASCE methods.
Design Acceleration Parameter at Short Periods for ASCE Methods (Sds) - Defines SDS,
which is the design, 5% damped, spectral response acceleration parameter at short periods (T =
0.2 seconds) based on ASCE 7 methods, %g.
Spectral Acceleration Parameter at Zero Period (Sa0*) - Defines Sa0*, which is the 5%
damped, design spectral response acceleration parameter at zero period based on site-specific
procedures, %g.
Spectral Acceleration Parameter at Any Period (Sa*) - Defines Sa*, which is the 5% damped,
design spectral response acceleration parameter at any period based on site-specific
procedures, %g.
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Nozzle Stiffnesses
The Nozzle Stiffnesses dialog box (accessed by selecting Home > Input > Nozzle Stiffness
) lets you specify up to fifteen low tank nozzles. The data specification can include external
piping loads from a pipe stress analysis, if available.
The data acquired from this dialog box is used to implement the rules of API-650
Appendix P.
When the tank temperature value in the General Tank Data (on page 21) is changed, the
software updates the Modulus of Elasticity and Expansion Coefficient values
automatically. These values are obtained by interpolating the data provided in Table P-1 of
API-650.
If you check Use PVP-1279, TANK uses an alternate method to compute the nozzle
stiffnesses. This alternate procedure is detailed in PVP-1279 and is valid for smaller tanks.
Nozzle Designation / Number - Defines a descriptive tag or number of the current nozzle. This
cell is restricted to four characters and can contain letters and/or digits. Example entries for this
cell are:
NZ1
NA0A
NZ2
PGLG
NZ3
Nozzle Height above Bottom Plate - Defines the height of the nozzle centerline above the
bottom plate.
Nozzle Outer Diameter - Defines the outer diameter of the nozzle.
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TANK Interface
Delta Temperature - Defines the difference between the normal operating temperature and the
installation temperature.
Modulus of Elasticity - Defines the modulus of elasticity. These values should be taken from
API-650 Table P-1, reproduced as follows:
Design Temp (deg F)
Modulus (psi)
Thermal Expansion (in/in/deg F)
70
29.5E6
200
28.8E6
6.67E-6
300
28.3E6
6.87E-6
400
27.7E6
7.07E-6
500
27.3E6
7.25E-6
The value of elastic modulus is automatically defined by the software when you change the
design temperature on the general spreadsheet. You can change this value, if necessary.
If the bottom shell course is specified as Stainless Steel, then the modulus value for Table P-1 is
not used. Instead, the modulus value is obtained from Table S-6:
36
Design Temp (deg F)
Modulus (psi)
100.
28.0E6
200.
27.4E6
300.
26.6E6
400.
26.1E6
500.
25.2E6
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Expansion Coefficient - Defines the value of the thermal expansion coefficient. These values
should be taken from API-650 Table P-1and are reproduced as follows:
Design Temp (deg F)
Modulus (psi)
Thermal Expansion (in/in/deg F)
70.
29.5E6
200.
28.8E6
6.67E-6
300.
28.3E6
6.87E-6
400.
27.7E6
7.07E-6
500.
27.3E6
7.25E-6
Design Temp (deg C)
Modulus (MPa)
Thermal Expansion (mm/mm/deg C)
20.
203000
90.
199000
12.0
150.
195000
12.4
200.
191000
12.7
260.
188000
13.1
The value of expansion coefficient is automatically defined by the software (using internal,
English, units) when you change the design temperature on the general spreadsheet. You can
change this value, if necessary.
Reinforcement on Shell or Nozzle? - Indicates where the nozzle reinforcement is located. This
entry is used to interpolate among the charts in API-650 Appendix P. If reinforcing on the shell is
indicated, Appendix P makes the following assumptions:
The reinforcing pad thickness is equal to the shell thickness.
The pad diameter is twice the nozzle diameter.
These assumptions are implicit in the curves presented in Appendix P and are automatically considered by the software.
Nozzle RePad Thickness - Defines the thickness of the nozzle reinforcing pad, when it exists
and when the software must consider it in calculations. If you specify a pad thickness in this box,
the software uses the value to increase the thickness of the tank shell in all Appendix P
calculations.
Specifying a repad thickness in this box can duplicate assumptions made by
Appendix P, and it is not advised in most circumstances.
Appendix P of API-650 does not specify how to handle reinforcing pads. References
used when developing Appendix P indicate that when selecting the curves for reinforcing on the
shell, you should automatically assume the nozzle has a pad with a thickness equal to the shell
thickness.
Nozzle Weight - Defines the weight of this nozzle. The value is used in all weight computations
involving the shell.
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Applied External Radial Force - Defines the value of any applied radial force, acting on the
nozzle. The value is used in plotting the interaction diagram of Appendix P.
Applied External Circumferential Moment - Defines the value of any applied external
circumferential moment acting on the nozzle. The value is used in plotting the interaction
diagram of Appendix P.
Applied External Longitudinal Moment - Defines the value of any applied external longitudinal
moment acting on the nozzle. The value is used in plotting the interaction diagram of Appendix
P.
Radial Layout Angle - Defines the angle at which the nozzle is to be placed radially in the tank
shell.
Nozzle Inside Projection - Defines the length of the nozzle projecting inside of the tank.
Nozzle Outside Projection - Defines the length of the nozzle projecting outside of the tank.
Use PVP-1279 for Stiffness - Allows TANK to utilize an alternate method to compute nozzle
stiffnesses. This alternate method is based on PVP (Pressure Vessel and Piping) paper 1279 Stiffness Coefficients for Nozzles in API-650 Tanks, by Lengsfeld, Bardia, Taagepera,
Hathaitham, LaBounty, and Lengsfeld.
This alternate method is based on the finite element analysis of a number of tanks, resulting in
alternate curves and equations for the determination of tank nozzle stiffnesses.
Nozzle Thickness for PVP-1279 - Displays a value defined in PVP-1279, but not actually used
in the computations.
RePad Outer Diameter for PVP-1279 - Defines the outside diameter of the nozzle reinforcing
pad, if any. This value is used to determine the vertical distance from the nozzle centerline to the
point where the tank bottom has no influence on nozzle stiffness.
External Pressure
The API 650 External Pressure (App V.) dialog box (accessed by selecting Home > Input >
) contains optional parameters necessary to evaluate the external
External Pressure
pressure capacity of the tank.
Specified External Pressure (Pe) - Defines the Specified External Pressure, Pe.
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Elastic Modulus of the Roof Plate Material - Defines the elastic modulus of the roof plate
material, E.
Allowable Compressive Stress for Bottom Stiffener (Fc) - Defines the Bottom Stiffener
Allowable Compressive Stress, fc, where fc = 0.4Fy of components considered for the
intermediate and bottom stiffeners. However, fc need not be less than 15,000 psi (103 MPa).
Smallest Allowable Tensile Stress for Top Stiffener (Fc) - Defines the Top Stiffener
Allowable Compressive Stress, fc, Where fc = 0.6Fy of components considered for the top end
stiffener region. However, fc need not be less than 20,000 psi (140 MPa).
Smallest Allowable Tensile Stress of roof, shell, and stiffeners (f) - Defines the Minimum
Allowable Tensile Stress, f, of the roof plate material, the shell plate material, and the stiffener
ring material at the maximum operating temperature.
Roof Dish Radius (if needed) (R) - Defines the Dish Radius of Roof, R. This value is only
needed for Dome and Umbrella roofs.
Inspection Data
The Inspection Data dialog box (accessed by selecting Home > Input > Inspection Data
)
specifies additional measurement data obtained from tank inspections. This measurement data
can be used to implement the shell and bottom checks discussed in API-653 Sections 4.3.3.1,
4.3.3.2, and 4.4.7.1. The data for the service measurement analysis is organized on separate
tabs.
Bottom, Post 3rd Ed. Tab (see "Bottom Post 3rd Ed. Tab" on page 39)
Bottom, Pre 3rd Edition Tab (see "Bottom Pre 3rd Edition Tab" on page 40)
Manual Shell Course Specification Tab (on page 41)
Bottom Post 3rd Ed. Tab

The Bottom, Post 3rd Ed. tab defines the parameters necessary to evaluate the minimum
thickness for the tank bottom plate according to Section 4.4.7.1 of the 3rd Edition of API-653.
Minimum Remaining Thickness from Bottom Side of Corrosion after Repairs (RTbc) Defines the value of the minimum remaining thickness from the bottom side corrosion, after
repairs, according to API-653 Section 4.4.7.1.
Minimum Remaining Thickness from Internal Corrosion after Repairs (RTip) - Defines the
value of the minimum remaining thickness from internal corrosion, after repairs, according to
API-653 Section 4.4.7.1.
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Anticipated In-Service Period of Operation (Or) - Defines the value of the anticipated
in-service period of operation (normally 10 years), according to API-653 Section 2.4.7.1.
Maximum Rate of Corrosion Not Repaired on the Top Side (StPr) - Defines the value of the
maximum internal pitting rate, on a yearly basis. If the tank bottom is internally lined (per API RP
652), this value should be specified as 0.0, according to API-653 Section 2.4.7.1.
Maximum Underside Pitting Rate (UPr) - Defines the value of the maximum rate of corrosion,
on a yearly basis. If the tank bottom is cathodically protected (per API RP 651), this value should
be specified as 0.0, according to API-653 Section 2.4.7.1.
Bottom Pre 3rd Edition Tab

The Bottom, Pre 3rd Ed. tab displays the parameters necessary to evaluate the minimum
thickness for the tank bottom plate, according to Section 2.4.7.1 of previous editions of API-653.
Average Depth of Internal Pitting (StPa) - Defines the average depth of the internal pitting of
the bottom plates. This value is measured from the original thickness.
Maximum Depth of Underside Pitting (UPm) - Defines the maximum depth of underside
pitting of the bottom plates.
Average Depth of Underside Pitting (UPa) - Defines the average depth of underside pitting of
the bottom plates.
Original Plate Thickness (To) - Defines the original thickness of the bottom plates. This value
should correspond to the bottom plate thickness entered on the Seismic Data Specifications
(on page 33) and the Grillage Review (on page 56), if specified.
Average Depth of Generally Corroded Area (GCa) - Defines the value of the average depth of
the generally corroded area, (GCa), according to API-653 Section 2.4.7.1.
Maximum Rate of General Corrosion (GCr) - Defines the value of the maximum rate of
general corrosion, on a yearly basis, according to API-653 Section 2.4.7.1.
Max Depth Internal Pitting After Repair (StPm) - Defines the value of the maximum depth of
internal pitting remaining in the bottom plates after repairs are completed, according to API-653
Section 2.4.7.1.
This value is measured from the original thickness.
Maximum Internal Pitting Rate (o if lined) ( StPr) - Defines the maximum rate of corrosion not
repaired on the top side (StPr). StPr = 0 for coated areas of the bottom. The expected life of
r
the coating must equal or exceed O to use StPr = 0.
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Maximum rate of corrosion on the bottom side (UPr) - Defines the value of the maximum
rate of corrosion, on a yearly basis. If the tank bottom is cathodically protected (per API RP
651), this value should be specified as 0.0, according to API-653 Section 2.4.7.1.
Anticipated In-Service Period of Operation (Or) - Defines the value of the anticipated
in-service period of operation (normally 10 years), according to API-653 Section 2.4.7.1.
Manual Shell Course Specification Tab

The Manual Shell Course Specification tab defines the location of the critical length L, the
inspection values of t1 and t2, and a joint efficiency for each shell course. Additionally, controls
are provided to indicate which of these data entries should be considered in the current analysis.
If the joint efficiency is left blank, the value specified on the General Tank Data dialog
box is used. Similarly, if the L location is left blank, the fluid height will be determined from the
bottom of the course. If the t1 or t2 values are left blank, they default to the user-specified
thickness on the General Tank Data dialog box.
E (Joint Efficiency) - Defines the value of the joint efficiency to be used in the thickness
computations of this shell course.
L (Location Above Course Bottom) - Defines the value that locates the bottom of the L region,
above the bottom of this course.
Where L is the critical length, the maximum vertical length over which the hoop stresses are
assumed to "average out" around local discontinuities. In subsequent thickness computations,
the fluid height to the design liquid level is measured from the bottom of L.
t1 (Lowest Average Thickness) - Defines the average thickness in the L region. If this value is
left blank, it defaults to the thickness defined in the General Tank Data (on page 21) dialog box.
t2 (Minimum Thickness) - Defines the least thickness in any area of corrosion, exclusive of
pits. If this value is left blank, it defaults to the thickness defined in the General Tank Data (on
page 21) dialog box.
Use specified shell "L" values? - Indicates whether the specified location L is used in
subsequent thickness calculations.
TANK User's Guide
41
TANK Interface
If you select this check box, the software uses the user-specified values of the location of L
to be used in determining the height to the maximum design liquid level. When this box is
checked, the height value is computed according to API-653 Section 2.3.3.1.
If you clear this check box, the software ignores the user input values of the location of L in
subsequent computations. The thickness computations use a height value measured from
the bottom of each course, which produces more conservative (thicker) thicknesses.
Use specified shell "E" values? - Indicates whether the specified values of individual course
joint efficiencies are used in subsequent computations.
If you select this check box, the software uses the individual joint efficiencies for each
course in any subsequent computations. This may be useful if additional inspections and
radiography are performed.
If you clear this check box, the software ignores the specified values of individual course
joint efficiencies. Instead, the computations are made using the joint efficiency specified on
the General Tank Data dialog box.
Use specified shell "t1/t2" values? - Indicates whether the software uses the specified values
of individual course thicknesses of t1 and t2 in subsequent computations.
If you select this check box, the software performs the thickness checks per API-653
2.3.3.1. Values of t1 or t2 left blank will assume the thickness specified on the General Tank
Data dialog box.
If you clear this check box, the software does not perform the thickness checks of API-653
2.3.3.1.
Bottom Shell Course as Constructed - Defines the original thickness of the bottom shell
course. This value is used to determine the minimum thickness of the annular base plate, per
API-653 Table 2- 3.
Roof Specifications
The Roof Specifications dialog box (accessed by selecting Home > Input > Roof
) lets you specify the roof parameters. This dialog box is optional for tank
Specifications
input.
The Roof Specification Parameters dialog box is divided into three tabs:
General Roof Specs Tab - Specifies the overall geometry of the roof. Whenever a tank has
a roof to be designed, values for the top half of this dialog must be defined. For more
information, see General Roof Specs Tab (on page 42).
Supported Cone Roof Data Tab - Defines the data necessary for supported cone roof
design. For more information, see Supported Cone Roof Data Tab (on page 46)
Girder Rings Tab - Specifies the location of each girder ring and how many girders make
up the ring. For more information, see Girder Rings Tab (on page 52).
General Roof Specs Tab

Specifies the overall geometry of the roof. Whenever a tank has a roof to be designed, value for
the top half of this dialog must be defined. Determine whether a simple approximation will be
made, or a supported cone roof will be designed. The approximation requires the specification of
42
TANK User's Guide
TANK Interface
the remaining data on the General Roof Specs tab. This data is used in further analysis, such
as seismic analysis, wind over turning, and maximum allowed pressure.
General Roof Data

Roof Type - Specifies the roof type of the tank. You can choose from:
Supported Cone - The roof is supported by rafters, girders, and columns. For supported
cone roofs, the software designs the rafters, columns, and girders.
Rafter-Supported Cone - The roof is supported by rafters only. For rafter-supported cone
roofs, the software designs the rafters.
Cone
Dome
Umbrella
The Cone, Dome, and Umbrella roof types are considered solely for their weight effects
on the shell.
Angle Between Roof & Horizontal - Defines the angle between the roof and a horizontal plane
at the roof/shell junction.
Net Area at Roof/Shell Junction - Defines the area resisting the compressive force. For more
information, refer to API-650 Figure F-2.
Thickness of Roof Plate - Defines the nominal thickness of the roof plates. This value should
include the corrosion allowance, if any.
TANK User's Guide
43
TANK Interface
Roof Plate Corrosion Allowance - Defines the corrosion allowance to be considered when
determining the weight of the roof plates for Appendix F and overturning computations. This
value is subtracted from the nominal roof plate thickness.
Roof Live Load - Defines the value to be used in computing the load supported by the roof
plates. According to API-650 5.10.2.1, this value must be at least 20 pounds per square foot.
The dead load of the roof is computed by the software and combined with the live load to
determine the total roof load.
Weight of Snow on Roof - Defines the total weight of any snow on the roof to be considered in
API-650 Appendix E computations for seismic checks.
If the supported cone roof design procedures are implemented, the software determines
the load applied to the roof internally. This value will not be used.
Dome/Umbrella Roof Spherical Radius - Defines the total spherical radius for a dome or
umbrella type of roof. If you do not specify this value, the software uses the tank inner radius as
the default value.
General Roof Data - No Design

Weight of Roof Plates - Defines the total weight of the roof plates to be considered in API-650
Appendix E and Appendix F computations.
The software determines the weight of the roof plates internally. If the computed value is
greater than the input value specified here, or a supported cone roof is being designed, the
computed value will be used in subsequent calculations. If the input value is greater, it will be
used (unless a supported cone roof is being designed). For supported cone roofs, the computed
roof plate weight is always used.
Weight of Roof Framing - Defines the total weight of the roof framing to be considered in
API-650 Appendix E and Appendix F computations.
If the supported cone roof design procedures are implemented, then the software
determines the weight of the roof framing internally. This value will not be used.
% of Weights Supported by Shell - Defines the percentage of the roof and snow weights that
are to be considered as supported by the shell for API-650 Appendix E checks.
If the supported cone roof design procedures are implemented, the software determines
the % of weight supported by the shell internally. This value will not be used.
Net Area Scratchpad (F2)

Used to quickly determine the value for Net Area at Roof/Shell Junction. After the data has been
defined, click Compute. TANK calculates the net area at the roofshell junction and updates the
value for Net Area at Roof/Shell Junction.
The data entered in the scratchpad is not saved.
Figure (a-k) Specifies the needed cross-section, corresponding to sketches a through k from
API-650, Figure F.2.
Thickness of Shell Plate (tc) - Specifies a pre-analysis estimate of the thickness of the top
shell plate. After the analysis, the computed top course thickness replaces the estimate so that
the correct area can be used in the roof calculations.
Thickness of Angle Leg (ta) - Specifies the angle thickness if the selected sketch (a-k)
includes an angle.
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TANK User's Guide
TANK Interface
Thickness of Bar (tb) - Specifies the bar thickness in this field, if the selected shell (a-k)
includes a bar.
Thickness of Thicker Plate (ts) - Specifies the thickness if the selected sketch (a-k) includes a
thickened region of the top shell course.
Unstiffened Angle Length (Le) - Specifies the un-stiffened angle leg if the selected sketch
(a-k) includes an angle.
Minimum Yield Strength (Fy) - Specifies the minimum yield strength of all of the materials in
the selected sketch.
Roof Section Types and Structural Databases
The following tables show the various structural databases and valid roof section types.
1989 AISC Library

DESCRIPTOR
AISC SHAPE
USAGE
Wide Flange
rafter, girder, column
WT
Structural Tee
Standard I Beam
Channel
DC
Double Channel
columns only
DI
Double Wide Flange
columns only
Pipe
columns only
1990 Korean Library

DESCRIPTOR
SHAPE
USAGE
Wide Flange
Channel
Standard I Beam
1993 UK Library
DESCRIPTOR
SHAPE
USAGE
UB
Universal Beams
UC
Universal Columns
Structural Tee
Channel
TANK User's Guide
45
TANK Interface
1991 German Library
DESCRIPTOR
SHAPE
USAGE
I-Beams
Channel
Structural Tee
1990 Australian Library

DESCRIPTOR
SHAPE
USAGE
UB
Universal Beams
UC
Universal Columns
1990 South African Library

DESCRIPTOR
SHAPE
USAGE
IP
I-Beams
HP
Wide flange beams
CP
Channels, parallel
CT
Channels, taper
Supported Cone Roof Data Tab

If a supported cone roof is to be designed, then values in the bottom half of General Root
Specs tab should be left blank. The data necessary for supported cone roof design, according
to the procedures outlined in the text by Brownell & Young, is specified on Supported Cone
Root Data tab.
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TANK User's Guide
TANK Interface
In the design of a supported cone roof, the roof plates sit on top of the rafters. The rafters are
oriented along radial lines, from the center of the tank. The rafters are arranged in rings around
the tank, where the rafter lengths do not exceed the maximum specified value. The ends of the
rafters are supported on girders, arranged in concentric circles, where the girder lengths do not
exceed the maximum specified value. The girders are supported by columns.
For the structural and roof plate materials, click

allows selection from the Material Database.
to bring up the context menu which
Structural Database - Specifies the structural database for use in the supported cone roof
design module. Database files are supplied by Intergraph CAS, Inc. and support U.S. as well as
international shape libraries.
Shape libraries are available for the following countries:
Australia
Germany
Japan
Korea
South Africa
United Kingdom
United States of America (AISC)
TANK User's Guide
47
TANK Interface
Preferred Rafter Type - Specifies the preferred section type for the roof rafters. The roof rafter
locations are shown in the figure below. The specific section types depend on the active
structural database. For more information, see Roof Section Types and Structural Databases
(on page 54).
Preferred Girder Type - Specifies the preferred section type for the roof girders. The roof girder
locations are shown in the figure below. The specific section types depend on the active
structural database. For more information, see Roof Section Types and Structural Databases
(on page 54).
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TANK User's Guide
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Preferred Column Type - Enter the preferred section type for the roof columns. The roof
column locations are shown in the figure below. The specific section types depend on the active
structural database. Valid types as a function of the database are listed below.
For the 1989 AISC library, valid types for this cell are: W, WT, S, C, DC, DI, and P. These
descriptors correspond to the following cross sections from AISC:
DESCRIPTOR
AISC SHAPE
USAGE
Wide Flange
WT
Structural Tee
Standard I Beam
Channel
DC
Double Channel
columns only
DI
Double Wide Flange
columns only
Pipe
columns only
For the 1990 Korean library, valid types for this cell are: W, C, and M. These descriptors
correspond to the following cross sections:
DESCRIPTOR
SHAPE
USAGE
Wide Flange
Channel
Standard I Beam
TANK User's Guide
49
TANK Interface
For the 1993 UK library, valid types for this cell are: UB, UC, T, and C. These descriptors
DESCRIPTOR
SHAPE
USAGE
UB
Universal Beams
UC
Universal Columns
Structural Tee
Channel
For the 1991 German library, valid types for this cell are: I, U, and T. These descriptors
DESCRIPTOR
SHAPE
USAGE
I-Beams
Channel
Structural Tee
For the 1990 Australian library, valid types for this cell are: UB, and UC. These descriptors
DESCRIPTOR
SHAPE
USAGE
UB
Universal Beams
UC
Universal Columns
For the 1990 South African library, valid types for this cell are: IP, HP, CP, and CT. These
descriptors correspond to the following cross sections:
DESCRIPTOR
SHAPE
USAGE
IP
I-Beams
HP
Wide flange beams
CP
Channels, parallel
CT
Channels, taper
Roof Plate Material - Defines a material for the roof plates. To view the properties for the
to the right of the box to open the Material Properties
selected roof plate material, click
dialog box.
To change the roof plate material specified in the Material box, clear the box and press
to the right of the blank box to open the Material Selection dialog box,
Enter. Then, click
from which you can double-click to select a new material.
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TANK User's Guide
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Roof Plate Allowable Design Stress - Defines the value used as the allowable design stress
for the roof plates. This value is automatically populated when you specify the Roof Plate
Material.
Structural Member Material - Defines a material for the structural members. To view the
to the right of the box to open
properties for the selected structural member material, click
the Material Properties dialog box.
To change the structural member material specified in the Material box, clear the box
to the right of the blank box to open the Material Selection
and press Enter. Then, click
dialog box, from which you can double-click to select a new material.
Structural Member Allowable Design Stress - Defines the value used as the allowable design
stress for the structural members. This value is automatically populated when you specify the
Structural Member Material. For compliance with API-650 Section 3.10.3.4, this value should
not exceed 20000 psi (137895 kpa).
Maximum Allowed Rafter Length - Defines the maximum length allowed for the rafters. This
value is used to determine the radii to the various girder rings. Typical values for this cell are
20.0 to 24.0 feet (6.1 to 7.3 meters).
Maximum Allowed Girder Length - Defines the maximum length allowed for the girders. This
value is used to determine how many girders are required for each girder ring. Typical values for
this cell are 24.0 to 30.0 feet /7.3 to 9.1 meters.
Center Column Cap Plate Diameter - Defines the diameter of the center column cap plate. If
this box is left blank, TANK uses a value of zero.
1989 AISC Library

DESCRIPTOR
AISC SHAPE
USAGE
Wide Flange
WT
Structural Tee
Standard I Beam
Channel
DC
Double Channel
columns only
DI
Double Wide Flange
columns only
Pipe
columns only
1990 Korean Library

DESCRIPTOR
SHAPE
USAGE
Wide Flange
Channel
TANK User's Guide
51
TANK Interface
DESCRIPTOR
SHAPE
USAGE
Standard I Beam
1993 UK Library
DESCRIPTOR
SHAPE
USAGE
UB
Universal Beams
UC
Universal Columns
Structural Tee
Channel
1991 German Library

DESCRIPTOR
SHAPE
USAGE
I-Beams
Channel
Structural Tee

DESCRIPTOR
SHAPE
USAGE
UB
Universal Beams
UC
Universal Columns

DESCRIPTOR
SHAPE
USAGE
IP
I-Beams
HP
Wide flange beams
CP
Channels, parallel
CT
Channels, taper
Girder Rings Tab

Data on the Supported Cone Roof Data tab defines the positioning the girder rings, according
to the procedures outlined in the text by Brownell & Young. This includes positioning the girder
rings according to the maximum allowed rafter lengths. If alternate positioning is needed, then
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TANK User's Guide
TANK Interface
the design can be forced in a certain direction by specifying data on the Girder Rings tab. For
more information, see Roof Section Types and Structural Databases (on page 54).
The location of each girder ring, and the number of girders that are in each ring are specified in
the grid. This value is optional.
Radius to Girder Ring - Defines the radial distance from the center of the tank to each girder
ring. If the location of one girder ring is specified, the distance to all girder rings must be defined.
Number of Girders in Ring - Defines the number of girders in each ring. If the number of
girders in any one ring is specified, the number of girders in all rings must also be specified. This
value is optional.
1989 AISC Library

DESCRIPTOR
AISC SHAPE
USAGE
Wide Flange
WT
Structural Tee
Standard I Beam
Channel
DC
Double Channel
columns only
DI
Double Wide Flange
columns only
Pipe
columns only
1990 Korean Library

DESCRIPTOR
SHAPE
USAGE
Wide Flange
Channel
TANK User's Guide
53
TANK Interface
DESCRIPTOR
SHAPE
USAGE
Standard I Beam
1993 UK Library
DESCRIPTOR
SHAPE
USAGE
UB
Universal Beams
UC
Universal Columns
Structural Tee
Channel
1991 German Library

DESCRIPTOR
SHAPE
USAGE
I-Beams
Channel
Structural Tee

DESCRIPTOR
SHAPE
USAGE
UB
Universal Beams
UC
Universal Columns

DESCRIPTOR
SHAPE
USAGE
IP
I-Beams
HP
Wide flange beams
CP
Channels, parallel
CT
Channels, taper
54
TANK User's Guide
TANK Interface
1989 AISC Library
DESCRIPTOR
AISC SHAPE
USAGE
Wide Flange
WT
Structural Tee
Standard I Beam
Channel
DC
Double Channel
columns only
DI
Double Wide Flange
columns only
Pipe
columns only
1990 Korean Library

DESCRIPTOR
SHAPE
USAGE
Wide Flange
Channel
Standard I Beam
1993 UK Library
DESCRIPTOR
SHAPE
USAGE
UB
Universal Beams
UC
Universal Columns
Structural Tee
Channel
1991 German Library

DESCRIPTOR
SHAPE
USAGE
I-Beams
Channel
Structural Tee

DESCRIPTOR
SHAPE
USAGE
UB
Universal Beams
TANK User's Guide
55
TANK Interface
DESCRIPTOR
SHAPE
USAGE
UC
Universal Columns

DESCRIPTOR
SHAPE
USAGE
IP
I-Beams
HP
Wide flange beams
CP
Channels, parallel
CT
Channels, taper
Grillage Review
The Grillage Review dialog box (accessed by selecting Home > Input > Grillage Review
)
lets you define the needed values when a tank must rest on a lattice of grillage. From this dialog
box, you can specify for the software to compute either the grillage spacing or the required
nominal thickness of the bottom plate.
The data acquired from this dialog is used in the computations of API-650 Appendix I,
Section 7.
Modulus of Elasticity of Bottom Plate - Defines the value of the elastic modulus to be used for
the bottom plate.
Corrosion Allowance Added to Bottom Plate - Defines the corrosion allowance to be added
to the bottom plate thickness. If left blank, this value defaults to zero.
plate.
Maximum Allowed Spacing - Defines the maximum allowed spacing (center-to-center between
adjacent or radial grillage members). This value is optional.
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TANK User's Guide
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Cycle Life
The Cycle Life dialog box (accessed by selecting Home > Input > Cycle Life
) lets you
specify the data necessary to evaluate the anticipated number of "full - empty" cycles the tank is
permitted to cycle through without a detailed stress analysis. This dialog box is optional for tank
input.
Fill Height - Defines the difference in filling height between the full level of the tank and the low
level of the tank.
Temperature - Defines the difference between the minimum ambient temperature and the
tank's maximum operating temperature.
plate.
Factor B - Defines the foundation factor. This value is:
2.0 for tanks on earth foundations
4.0 for tanks on earth foundations with a concrete ring-wall
Factor C - Defines the factor to account for the radial restraint of the tank's shell-to-bottom
junction with respect to free thermal expansion. The value for C ranges from a minimum of 0.25
to a maximum of 1.0. The actual design value of C is established considering the tank's
operating and warm-up procedure and heat transfer to the subgrade. The value of C is 0.85 if
not specified.
Factor K - Defines the stress concentration factor for the bottom plate at the toe of the inside
shell-to-bottom fillet weld.
K = 4.0 for shell-to-bottom fillet welds and lap-welded bottom plates.
K = 2.0 for butt-welded annular plates where the shell-to-bottom fillet welds have been
inspected by 100% magnetic particle examination.
The magnetic particle examination is performed on the root pass at every 1/2 inch /
13mm of deposited weld metal while the weld is being made and on the completed weld. The
examination is performed before hydrostatic testing.
TANK User's Guide
57
TANK Interface
Shell Settlement
The Shell Settlement dialog box (accessed by selecting Home > Input > Shell Settlement
)
lets you define the measured settlement of up to 40 points around the tank shell circumference.
The data from this dialog is used to implement the requirements of API-653, Appendix B.
Elastic Modulus for Allowed Settlement - Defines the value of the elastic modulus the
software uses in the computation of the allowed shell settlement, in API-653 Section B.3.2. If
this value is left blank, the software uses a default of 29.5E6 psi / 203000 MPa.
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TANK User's Guide
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Angle Between Measurements - Defines the distance (in degrees) between adjacent
settlement measurement points. This value must be less than 45-degrees. API-653 Appendix
B.1.3 requires at least eight points around the circumference of the tank. This limits the entry in
this field to a maximum of 45 degrees. Additional data points will reduce the magnitude of this
angle.
The software performs all computations using all of the specified measurement points. If the
number of measurement points is so great as to cause the spacing to fall below 15 feet / 4.6m,
use every other point when generating the input.
The code limits the spacing between these measurement points (around the circumference
of the tank) to 32 feet / 9.8 m. Prior to API-653 2nd Edition Addendum 2, this limit was 30
feet / 9.1m.
Too many points may lead to an overly conservative determination of the out-of-plane
deflection limit. Addendum 3 to the 9th Edition of API-653 suggests computing the deflection
limit using points spaced at approximately 30 foot / 9.1m intervals. Additional details on this
subject can be found in Out of Plane Settlement of Cylindrical Tanks by Erdmann and Yeigh,
Hydrocarbon Engineering, May 1999 and the text by Phil Meyers, Above Ground Storage
Tanks.
Elevation - Defines the elevation of the shell bottom at this measurement point on the
circumference of the tank.
Venting Requirements
The Venting Requirements dialog box (accessed by selecting Home > Input > Venting
) lets you specify the flow rates for emptying and filling the tank, the
Requirements
environmental factors, and liquid characteristics. The computations performed here are in
accordance with API-2000 6th Edition. Most of the information from this edition can be found in
Annex A. This dialog box is optional for tank input.
Emptying Rate - Defines the maximum emptying rate (volume per hour) of liquid from the tank.
For more information, see API-2000 Section 4.3.2.1.1.
Filling Rate - Defines the maximum filling rate (volume per hour) of liquid from the tank. For
more information, see API-2000 Section 4.3.2.2.1.
Liquid Flash Point - Defines the temperature of the liquid's flash point.
Boiling Point - Defines the temperature of the liquid's boiling point.
Environmental Factor - Defines the environmental factor according to Table 4A of API- 2000.
TANK User's Guide
59
TANK Interface
English Units:
Configuration
Conductance (BTU/hr ft2 F) Insulation Thickness

(in)
F Factor
Bare metal tank
---
1.0
Insulated tank
4.0
0.3
Insulated tank
2.0
0.15
Insulated tank
1.0
0.075
Insulated tank
0.67
0.05
Insulated tank
0.50
0.375
Insulated tank
0.40
10
0.300
Insulated tank
0.33
12
0.025
Concrete or Fireproofing
---
---
see note C
Water-application facilities
---
---
1.0
Depressuring and emptying
---
---
1.0
Underground Storage
---
---
0.0
Earth-covered storage above Grade ---
---
0.03
Impoundment away from tank
---
---
0.5
Configuration
Conductance (Watts/m2 K)
Insulation Thickness
(cm)
F Factor
Bare metal tank
---
1.0
Insulated tank
22.7
2.5
0.3
Insulated tank
11.4
0.15
Insulated tank
5.7
10
0.075
Insulated tank
3.8
15
0.05
Insulated tank
2.8
20
0.375
Insulated tank
2.3
25
0.300
Insulated tank
0.19
30
0.025
Metric Units:
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TANK User's Guide
TANK Interface
Configuration
Conductance (Watts/m2 K)
Insulation Thickness
(cm)
F Factor
Concrete or Fireproofing
---
---
see note C
Water-application facilities
---
---
1.0
Depressuring and emptying
---
---
1.0
Underground Storage
---
---
0.0
Earth-covered storage above Grade ---
---
0.03
Impoundment away from tank
---
0.5
---
Scratchpad Panel
The Home > Scratchpad panel lets you quickly access any available scratchpads for tank input,
as well as transfer existing scratchpad calculations to your input file. Scratchpads let you
compute data that you later enter in the tank input.
The software does not save the data you enter on a scratchpad. The scratchpad
merely serves as an area to perform calculations.

Tank Sizing/Cost Scratchpad - Opens the Tank Sizing/Costing Scratchpad dialog box.
This scratchpad allows the user to estimate tank sizes and plate costs for a range of tank
dimensions. For more information, see Tank Sizing/Costing Scratchpad (on page 61).
Scratchpad Calculator - Launches the computation engine for the Tank Sizing/Costing
Scratchpad dialog box. You must have values entered in all of the Scratchpad Input Data
boxes for the software to activate the calculator.
Transfer Scratchpad Results - Transfers the minimum cost tank (results) from the
scratchpad to the General Tank Data dialog box. This serves as a good starting point for a
tank design.
TANK User's Guide
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TANK Interface
Tank Sizing/Costing Scratchpad

The Tank Sizing/Costing Scratchpad dialog box (accessed by selecting an Input panel
command and then selecting Home > Scratchpad > Tank Sizing/Cost Scratchpad) provides a
quick way to both size and price a tank based on the required volume. This scratchpad is a
calculation module that implements the API-650 One-Foot method to determine the required
shell thicknesses. You can alter the specification data and re-compute the size and cost
estimates as many times as necessary. After exiting the scratchpad, you have the option of
transferring the diameter, height, and course thicknesses to the General Tank Data dialog for
. No other data on the
subsequent computations by clicking Transfer scratchpad results
scratchpad is saved.
A minimum amount of user-specified data is required, consisting of the tank volume, the
fluid specific gravity, the plate allowable stress, the unit cost of plate, and the height and
diameter ranges.
After you specify the necessary data, click Scratchpad Calculator

to initiate the
computations. TANK activates this calculator as soon as you define data in the Tank
Sizing/Costing Scratchpad dialog box.
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TANK User's Guide
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The scratchpad computes a total of eight tanks: four for a diameter range, and four for a height
range. The results of each range are presented in a list box below the input definition.
For each tank evaluated, the necessary diameter (or height) is presented, as well as the
thickness required for each shell course. The height of the top course is also reported, all other
courses being equal to the specified input value. The results of the costing are presented last
and consist of the shell weight and cost estimate. The shell weight is based on the computed
thicknesses and the plate density specified in the configuration file. The cost is the product of
the unit price and the plate weight.
If necessary, the input data can be altered, and new estimates re-calculated as often as needed.
When you get the needed calculation results, you can print a report by selecting
File>Preview/Print. You can also transfer the results for the minimum cost tank to the General
.
Tank Data (on page 21) by selecting Home > Scratchpad > Transfer scratchpad results
After the scratchpad calculations have been performed, the Dynamic Sizing Tool
becomes active. This sizing tool, located to the right of the output display, contains two slider
bars. Moving the slider bars with the mouse changes the corresponding dimension of the tank,
as well as updates the right most column of numerical data in the table.
Tank Sizing/Costing Scratchpad Dialog Box

The Tank Size/Costing Scratchpad dialog box input boxes include the following.
Required Volume - Defines the required volume of the tank for sizing purposes. The sizing
routine determines diameters and heights necessary to achieve this volume.
Fluid Specific Gravity - Defines the fluid specific gravity to be used in sizing the tank. Since the
tank must be hydrotested, the minimum value for this entry should be 1.0.
TANK User's Guide
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TANK Interface
Cost/Unit Weight of Plate - Defines the unit cost of the plate material. The software uses this
value to compute the total material cost of the various tank shells. The software multiplies the
Cost/Unit Weight of Plate value by the total steel volume in the shell multiplied by the standard
weight of steel.
The mass conversion factor is applied to this value to compute the final tank cost.
For consistent application, you must ensure that the mass conversion and the density
conversion use the same unit such as lb. and lb/cu.in. or KG and KG/cu.cm.
Plate Allowable Stress - Defines the unit cost of the plate material. The software uses this
value to compute the total material cost of the various tank shells. The software multiplies the
Cost/Unit Weight of Plate value by the total steel volume in the shell multiplied by the standard
weight of steel.
The mass conversion factor is applied to this value to compute the final tank cost.
For consistent application, you must ensure that the mass conversion and the density
conversion use the same unit such as lb. and lb/cu.in. or KG and KG/cu.cm.
Average Course Height - Specifies how many full courses are needed to achieve the needed
volume. The top course may be less than the value specified, because the top course height is
used to match the desired volume.
Minimum Tank Height - Defines the minimum and maximum limits for the tank height. A total of
four (4) heights between these limits is determined (and the corresponding diameters) to size
the tank. For each height/diameter value, the shell plate thicknesses are determined, followed
by plate weight and cost.
The height range is independent of the diameter range. The necessary diameter to
achieve the required volume is then determined, exclusive of the diameter range.
Maximum Tank Height - Defines the minimum and maximum limits for the tank height. A total
of four (4) heights between these limits is determined (and the corresponding diameters) to size
the tank. For each height/diameter value, the shell plate thicknesses are determined, followed
by plate weight and cost.
The height range is independent of the diameter range. The software determines the
needed diameter to achieve the required volume is then determined, exclusive of the diameter
range.
Minimum Tank Diameter - Defines the minimum and maximum limits for the tank diameter. A
total of four (4) diameters between these limits is determined (and the corresponding heights) to
size the tank. For each height/diameter value, the shell plate thicknesses are determined,
followed by plate weight and cost.
The diameter range is independent of the height range. The necessary height to achieve
the required volume is then determined, exclusive of the height range.
Maximum Tank Diameter - Defines the minimum and maximum limits for the tank diameter. A
total of four (4) diameters between these limits is determined (and the corresponding heights) to
size the tank. For each height/diameter value, the shell plate thicknesses are determined,
followed by plate weight and cost.
The diameter range is independent of the height range. Four values of diameter between
the minimum and maximum values are determined. The necessary height to achieve the
required volume is then determined, exclusive of the height range.
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Analyze Panel
The Home > Analyze panel commands let you analyze and error check tank data, change the
time stamp on reports, review reports, and append additional reports to your TANK job.

Error Check/Analyze (F12) - Starts the error checker, and if the input passes the error
checker, automatically generates the output report. For more information, see Error
Checking. You can also press F12 to start the error checker.
Time Stamp - Specifies the time and date stamp for report headers. If you do not click the
Time Stamp, TANK uses the current time and date by default.
Review Reports (F11) - Opens the latest reports generated on the current TANK job. You
can also press F11 to open the latest reports.
Append Reports - Generates a new set of reports, in the current units system, and
appends the reports to the last set of generated reports for the TANK job.
Units Panel
The Home > Units panel lets you change the units for the current TANK job. Select the unit of
measure you want from the Units box. The software updates the currently open job to the units
you selected.
You can also change the units for the current job by selecting Tools > Configuration
and selecting a new Units File value in the Database Definitions configuration settings.
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2D Plot Panel
The Home > 2D Plot panel provides commands that let you use the graphics processor to
model tank sketches, plot shell settlement data, create nozzle interaction diagrams, and plot
supported cone roof sketches. For more information on graphics processing, see View the
Graphics Output (on page 115).
The 2D Plot panel is inactive until you add TANK data and shell courses to your TANK job
and analyze or save the job. Once you save the job, the software activates the 2D Plot
panel.
You must add a cone roof to your job or TANK does not plot the information.
You must have the 2D View selected below the model for the 2D Plot panel options.

Plot Tank Elevation - Produces the basic tank sketch. For more information, see Plot Tank
Elevations (on page 119).
Plot Settlement - Plots the shell settlement data. For more information, see Plot
Settlements (see "Plot Shell Settlements" on page 120).
Plot Nozzle - Plots the first nozzle interaction diagram. For more information, see Nozzle
Interaction Diagrams (see "Plot Nozzle Specifications" on page 121)
Plot Cone Roof - Plots the supported cone roof sketch. For more information, see
Supported Cone Roof Sketches (on page 123).
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Tools Tab
Contains miscellaneous commands for program configuration, custom units systems, the
Material Database Editor, a batch stream processor, and a text file review option.
The commands associated with this tab include:

Configuration - Defines computation settings and database parameters for the software.
For more information, see Configuration (on page 69).
Make Unit - Displays existing units file settings for review or lets you create a new unit file.
Material Database Editor - Starts a processor which can be used to add materials to the
current TANK database. For more information, see Material Database Editor (on page 75).
Batch Processor - Displays a dialog where a number of jobs can be selected for
subsequent analysis.
File Review - Starts Notepad to review a selected data file. The file is created by a prior
analysis. There are three files which can be reviewed in this manner: the error check log
file, the batch log file, and the solution message file.
Calculator - Displays a calculator that you can use to perform mathematical computations.
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Configuration
Sets up the software computations and databases.
The software locates an existing setup file to use as a starting template. TANK searches for an
existing configuration file in the current directory. If a configuration file is not found in the current
directory, TANK uses the configuration file from the product installation folder.
Click Tools > Configuration to open the Configuration dialog box, which includes three
sections.
Computation Control (on page 69)

Miscellaneous (on page 72)
Database Definitions (on page 73)
Computation Control
Modifies the operation of TANK.
Click Tools > Configuration and review the Computational Control configuration settings.
You can collapse any configuration section by clicking the arrow to the left of the name.
This configuration section contains following options:
Roof Projection in Wind Moment?

Specifies whether TANK includes the triangular projection of the roof in the determination of the
wind moment. By default, this check box is selected.
To ignore the roof projection and only include the tank shell projection, clear this check box.
Generate Message File?

Creates an intermediate data file containing computation results not presented in the formal
output reports. Information contained in this file includes:
Iteration data during variable point solutions
Interpolation points from API curves and graphs
Other intermediate results:
The file created by this option resides in the current data directory and is named {jobname}.TXT.
This file can be printed or viewed with any standard text editor. This file can also be viewed from
the menu using Tools > File Review > Review Message File.
Corroded Nozzles?
Indicates whether the flexibility computations of API-650 Appendix P considers corrosion.
By default, TANK does not consider corrosion in flexibility computations.
If you select this check box, TANK uses the corrosion of the first shell course to modify the
thickness used in the Appendix P computations for the design case only.
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653 Corroded Hydrotest Case?
Considers the HYDROTEST case in a corroded condition for API-653 runs only. The default
condition is not to corrode the TEST case, which is consistent with API-650. However, you may
want to specify that API-653 tanks consider a future hydrotest by assuming a corroded TEST
case.
If you select this check box, TANK includes the corrosion allowance that you specify in the
TEST case.
If you clear this check box, TANK does not consider a corrosion allowance for the TEST case.
This setting is consistent with API-650, and is the default setting.
Modify Fluid Height by Pressure?

Considers the effects of internal pressure in the determination of the shell course thicknesses.
By default, TANK follows API-650 in computing the required shell course thicknesses (by OneFoot, Variable Point, or the Appendix A methods). However, you may need to account for
internal pressure by increasing the fluid head.
If you select this check box, the methodology of Section F.7.1 is implemented for all three
thickness computation methods, increasing the Operating Liquid Level by (P/12G).
Full Shell Weight in Appendix F

Specifies whether the corroded shell weight is used in the computations of API-650 Appendix F
(for internal pressure considerations). By default, this check box is selected, which instructs
TANK to use the full shell weight in Appendix F.
If this check box is cleared, the software uses the corroded shell weight in the computations of
Appendix F.
P in F.6 only considers P from F.4.1

Specifies whether TANK uses the methodology of Section F.4.1 when determining the value of
Appendix P used in Section F.6 only. TANK does not consider the value of Pmax in Section
F.4.2 when you check this option.
Use Un-Corroded Roof Weight in Appendix F

Specifies whether TANK uses the uncorroded roof weight to compute DLR (roof weight +
attached structural) in Appendix F.
Modify Yield Stress for Seismic per Appendix. M.3

Specifies that TANK uses Paragraph E.6.2.4 to determine the maximum allowable hoop tension
membrane stress for seismic calculations. These calculations involve the material yield stress,
Fy. This paragraph does not specifically state to derate the yield stress based on Appendix M.
However, if you select this configuration setting, TANK derates the stress based on Appendix M.
Shell Thk Convergence Tolerance

Sets the convergence tolerance for the thickness design when the variable point method is
used.
By default, this value is 0.0050 inches (.127mm).
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Cosine Curve Tolerance
Alters the convergence tolerance for the solution of the optimum cosine curve. This is necessary
for API- 653, Appendix B computations. If there are convergence problems with the current data
set, the following steps should be taken:
1. Review and verify the shell settlement input data.
2. Adjust this convergence tolerance upward.
Increasing the convergence tolerance reduces the accuracy of the solution. Alternatively,
increase the iteration limit.
Cosine Curve Iteration Limit

Specifies the maximum number of iterations performed by the software during the API-653,
Appendix B settlement evaluation. If convergence problems exist with the current data set, try
increasing the iteration limit.
Increasing the iteration limit causes the solution to take longer.
Wind Girder Shell Thickness

Indicates which shell course thickness the software uses in the wind girder computations. There
are two choices:
MAX - The wind girder computation routine uses the maximum thickness for the shell courses,
obtained from the design and test cases, ignoring corrosion. The reasoning behind this setting is
that the entire shell course will not be completely corroded.
DESIGN - The wind girder computation routine uses the design thickness less any user
specified corrosion allowance.
Shell Settlement Method

Indicates which method TANK uses in computing the optimum cosine curve for determining the
out- of-plane shell deflection. The available methods are:
FOURIER SERIES - Implements the procedure outlined in the paper Simple Method Calculates
Tank Shell Distortion, by F. A. Koczwara, published in Hydrocarbon Processing, August 1980.
LEAST SQUARES - Employs a least squares approach to the solution of the optimum cosine
curve.
Thickness Roundup to Nearest

Specifies a thickness increment which is used to determine the final value of the shell
thicknesses.
TANK rounds up the computed value of thickness to the nearest multiple of the
increment. For example, you set this configuration setting to 0.125 (1/8 inch) and the computed
shell course thickness is 0.2671 inches, the final value reported is 0.375 inches.
Setting this configuration setting to 0.0 disables thickness round up and the computed values of
shell thickness are reported unaltered in the output.
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Plate Material Density
Specifies the value to be used for the density of the plate materials. This value is used to
compute the weight of the shell, roof, and bottom plates.
Round Anchor Bolts By

Specifies how anchor bolts are selected by the software.
By default, the number of bolts is a multiple of 4. However, any multiple can be selected.
The entered value must be a whole number, such as 2, 3, 4, and so on.
Wind Moment in Appendix F

Specifies the wind moment TANK uses in the computations of Appendix F.
By default, the software uses the moment computed from Section 5.9.7.1 in Appendix F
computations. However, if necessary, the wind moment computed from Section 5.11 can be
used.
The wind pressure computed according to Section 5.9.7.1 (based on the wind velocity) is
used for the wind girder design. The wind pressure according to Section 5.11 is used for Over
Turning Stability. This field only affects which wind moment is passed into Appendix F for the
allowed pressure in Section F.4.2.
Miscellaneous
Modifies the miscellaneous options of TANK.
Click Tools > Configuration and review the Miscellaneous configuration settings, which
specify how TANK operates. You can collapse this configuration section by clicking the arrow to
the left of the name.
This configuration section contains following options:
Reload Last File at Startup?

Reloads the last data file active during the last TANK session. Clearing this check box causes
the software to startup without data. In this condition, you must create a new input file or browse
to open an existing input file.
Save to Program Directory

Saves (writes) the configuration file to the program directory. If the check box is cleared (the
default condition), the software saves the configuration file in the current data directory.
When you save job file input, the current configuration becomes a part of the input. Subsequent
changes to the configuration do not change an existing job unless you resave the input.
Different data directories can exist for different projects or clients. Each data directory can
contain its own configuration file, which may be unique. This allows the software to behave
differently for different projects or clients.
If a data directory does not contain a configuration file, TANK uses the settings from the
configuration file in the product folder. In addition, whenever you open the Configuration dialog
box in a new data directory, the software acquires the starting settings from the configuration file
in the product folder.
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System Folder Location
Allows you to browse and select an alternate location for the TANK system folder.
Check for Update Options

Specifies the frequency in which the software checks for software updates. Choose from the
following options: Daily, Weekly, Monthly, and Never. This software sets this configuration
setting to Never by default.
Default Save Folder

Specifies a default working folder in which the software saves your files/jobs.
No Extended ASCII Characters in Output

Specifies for the software to replace extended ASCII characters with multiple characters of the
same value in equations. For example, when you select this configuration option, the software
replaces with 1/2. Some non-English versions of Windows do not display extended ASCII
characters correctly.
Database Definitions
Specifies the data files the software references for units, structural shapes and materials.
Click Tools > Configuration and review the Database Definitions configuration settings. You
can collapse this configuration section by clicking the arrow to the left of the name.
This configuration section contains the following options:
Material File
Specifies the material file that TANK uses. The software scans the installation directory to
determine the options shown in this configuration setting. Only valid Intergraph CAS, Inc.
supplied material files display in this list.
Units File
Indicates the units file that TANK uses. The software scans the current directory, followed by the
installation directory, to determine the options shown in this configuration setting. TANK ignores
any duplicate files found in the installation directory. The software accepts a maximum of ten
unit files as options in this setting.
You can generate additional custom unit files if necessary by selecting Tools > Make Unit.
This box specifies which unit file the software uses to generate all subsequent new input files
and all output reviews.
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Structural Database
Specifies the structural database for use in the supported cone roof design module. Database
files are supplied by Intergraph CAS, Inc. and support U.S. as well as international shape
libraries.
Shape libraries are available for the following countries:
Australia
Germany
Japan
Korea
South Africa
United Kingdom
United States of America (AISC)
Anchor Bolt Database

Specifies the anchor bolt database. Available options are:
74
TEMA Imperial for use with Imperial units
TEMA Metric for use with SI Units
BS-3643 for British Standard bolts
SABS-1700 for South African Bolts
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Make Unit
Provides consistent units sets while providing flexibility to switch between them. Intergraph CAS,
Inc. supplies four standard unit sets with TANK. In some instances additional sets may be
required. You can select and set this system using Tools > Configuration. For more
information on the four standard supplied units systems, see Appendix B - Standard Units
Systems (on page 131).
A utility program can be launched from the Tools > Make Unit to generate additional unit files.
Click Tools > Make Unit top open the Units Maintenance dialog box.
From this dialog box, you can select the following options:
Review Existing Units Files - Selects an existing unit file to apply to the custom material
database.
Create a New Units File - Creates a new unit file to apply to the custom material database.
Existing File to Start From - Selects an existing unit file on which to base the new unit file.
New Units File Name - Specifies the name of the new unit file.
View/Edit File - Opens the new unit file so you can review unit specifications and make
revisions, if necessary.
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Material Database Editor

Adds custom materials to a delivered ASME, PD:5500, or EN-13445 material database.
Click Tools > Material Database Editor to open the database editor utility.
The Material Database Editor does not modify the data in the material database delivered with
TANK. The software saves any custom materials to a secondary database, named umat.bin.
TANK saves this secondary database in the \System folder.
To select custom materials in TANK input, you must merge the custom materials (i.e.,
those saved in the umat.bin file) back with the TANK material database using the Merge
Material function.
Material Database Editor Dialog Box

The controls on the Material Database Editor dialog box are:
Material Name & Grade - Enter the material name.
Material Grade - Enter the material grade.
Material Group - Enter the material group number.
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Group
Description
Examples
As Rolled, Semi-killed
A 283
A 285
A 131 A
A 36
Grade 235
Grade 250
As Rolled, Killed or Semi-killed
A 131 B
A 36
G40.21-38W
Grade 250
As Rolled, Killed Fine-Grain Practice
A 573-58
A 516-55
A 516-60
G40.21-38W
Grade 250
3A
Normalized, Killed Fine-Grain Practice
A 573-58
A 516-55
A 516-60
G40.21-38W
Grade 250
A 573-65
A 573-70
A 516-65
A 516-70
A 662 B
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4A
A 662 C
A 573-70
G40.21-44W
G40.21-50W
E 275 D
E 355 D
S 275 J2
S355
Normalized, Killed Fine-Grain Practice
A 573-70
A 516-65
A 516-70
G40.21-44W
G40.21-50W
Normalized or Quenched and Tempered, Killed

Fine-Grain Practice, Reduced Carbon
A 131 EH 36
A 633 C
A 633 D
A 537 Class 1
A 537 Class 2
A 678 A
A 678 B
A 737 B
Design Stress (Sd) - Represents the allowable design stress, referred to as Sd in the API code.
database.
Hydro Test Stress (St) - Represents the allowable test stress, referred to as St in the API code.
database.
If necessary, the value of test allowable stress obtained from the database may be overridden
by typing in a different value.
Minimum Yield Stress - Enter the material's minimum yield stress. For stainless steels, this
value should be left blank and the Design Stress/Minimum Yield Strength table values
defined.
Minimum Tensile Stress - Enter the material's minimum tensile stress. For stainless steels, this
value should be left blank and the Design Stress/Minimum Yield Strength table values
defined.
Maximum Tensile Stress - Enter the material's maximum tensile stress. For stainless steels,
this value should be left blank.
Maximum Thickness - Enter the material's maximum material thickness. For stainless steels,
this value should be left blank.
Design Stress - Represents the allowable design stress, referred to as Sd in the API code. This
value is automatically registered by the software if the material was selected from the database.
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Minimum Yield Strength - Enter the yield stress as a function of temperature.
File Tab (Material Database Editor)

Controls general operations in the Material Database Editor.
The Material Database Editor > File tab contains the following commands:
Save - Saves the open material to the database.
Print Setup - Selects a printer and printer options.
Preview/Print - Previews and prints the material file.
Exit - Closes the Material Database Editor.
Home Tab (Material Database Editor)

Includes standard program options used to work with materials in the database that you may
use for TANK jobs.
The Home tab for the Material Database Editor contains the following panels:
File Panel (Material Database Editor) (on page 78)
Material Panel (see "Material Panel (Material Database Editor)" on page 79)
Help Panel (see "Help Panel (Material Database Editor)" on page 82)
File Panel (Material Database Editor)

The Material Database Editor > File panel includes basic options you can perform on material
files.
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Save - Saves the custom material to the Material Database Editor. When you save a
material, TANK saves the data into the secondary material database, or umat.bin. You
must then merge the material into the installed material database for it to display in
TANK input.
Print - Prints the current material record. Click the down arrow to set up the print
properties for printing the material record.
Material Panel (Material Database Editor)

The Material Database Editor > Material panel contains all the common commands for
working with TANK materials in the database.

Add New Material - Adds the custom material to the Material Database Editor
secondary database, umat.bin. You must save and merge the secondary material
database into the installed Material Database for the new material to appear in TANK
input. For more information, see Adding a New Material (see "Add a New Material" on
page 80).
Edit Other Material - Edits existing material properties to a custom material. You must
save and merge the edited material, for the changes to appear in TANK input. You
cannot change material properties for any of the installed materials. For more
information, see Editing a Material (see "Edit a Material" on page 80).
Delete Current Material - Deletes the existing material from the Material Database
Editor secondary database, umat.bin. You must merge the secondary material database
with the installed Material Database for the deleted material to be removed in the TANK
input. For more information, see Deleting a Material (see "Delete a Material" on page
80).
Copy Material - Makes a copy of the current material properties so you can create a
new material with similar properties. For more information, see Copying a Material (see
"Copy a Material" on page 81).
Merge Material - Merges the custom material with the installed material database. Once
you merge custom materials, you can see them in the TANK input. For more information,
see Merging Custom Materials with the TANK Material Database (see "Merge Custom
Materials with the TANK Material Database" on page 81).
Previous Material - Displays the previous custom material in the database.
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Next Material - Displays the next available custom material in the database.
Database Status - Opens the Tank Material Database Status dialog box, which shows
specifics about, umat.bin, or the custom material database. For more information, see
Material Database Editor Dialog Box.
Add a New Material

Adds a custom material to the database from the Material Database Editor.
Any custom materials you add can be edited or deleted later from the custom material
secondary database, umat.bin. Changes you make to custom materials must be merged back
with the TANK material database to display as options in TANK input.
To add a new material to the database:

1. Click Add New Material
from the Material panel.
2. In the Material Name & Grade box, type a name for the material.
3. In the Material Grade box, type the grade.
4. In the Material Group box, type the group ID.
5. Enter the stress values for the material in the appropriate boxes.
6. Click Save
to save your changes to umat.bin.
7. Click Merge Material

with the product.
to merge changes back with the TANK material database installed
Edit a Material
Revises a custom material from the Material Database Editor.
Any custom materials that you add can be edited or deleted later from the custom
material secondary database, umat.bin. Changes you make to custom materials must be
merged back with the TANK material database to display (or be removed) as options in TANK
input.
To edit a material in the database:

1. Click Edit Other Material
2. Select the material to edit, and then click OK.

3. Edit the values as needed.
4. Click Save

with the product.
Delete a Material
Removes a material from the Material Database Editor.
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Any custom materials that you delete are removed from the custom material secondary
database, umat.bin. You must merge back with the TANK material database to remove the
materials as options from the TANK input.
To delete a material in the database:

1. Select the material to delete.
You can also use Previous Material
select the material to delete.
2. Click Delete Current Material
3. Click Save
and Next Material
to scroll through and

with the product.
Copy a Material
Creates a new material in the database using the properties of another material as a starting
point.
Any custom materials that you copy to create new materials are added to the custom
material secondary database, umat.bin. You must merge back with the TANK material database
for the new materials to display as options in the TANK input.
To copy a material in the database:

1. Select Edit > Copy a Material
2. Select the material to copy, and then click OK.

You can only copy from existing current materials. You cannot copy from any of the
materials installed with TANK.
3. Type a new name for the material.
4. Edit the other values as needed.
5. Click Save
to save your changes to the custom material database, umat.bin.

with the product.
Merge Custom Materials with the TANK Material Database

Updates, adds, or deletes a custom material from the Material Database Editor.
The changes you make to custom materials are saved to the umat.bin secondary
database. This information must be merged back with the TANK material database to display (or
be removed) as options in TANK input.
To merge a material into the TANK database:

1. Make any changes, additions, or deletions to a custom material.
2. Click Save
The Material Database Editor saves the changes to umat.bin, which is the secondary
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database for all custom materials.
with the product.
The merged materials appear (or no longer appear in the case of a deleted material) in the
TANK input materials boxes.
Help Panel (Material Database Editor)

The Material Database Editor > Help panel contains commands to access product version
information and the available TANK online help topics for the Material Database Editor.
About - Displays specifics about this version of the TANK Material Database
Editor.
Help Topics - Starts the HTML help system, and gives you access to all of the
help topics for the Material Database Editor, in a hierarchical structure. In some
instances, there may be links from one topic to another, providing added
information on a topic if all of the links are followed. Additionally, the help
system includes tables and graphics, where appropriate. In order for the HTML
help system to function, Microsoft's Internet Explorer must be installed on the
system.
View the Material Database Status

Displays the data format, file code year, and number of materials for both the active delivered
material database and your material database (umat.bin).
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Diagnostics Tab
Provides a number of tools to verify the integrity of the software and determine reasons for
possible program difficulties.

CRC Check - Performs a CRC (cyclic redundancy check) on all of the software modules
and data files in the program directory. For more information, see Checking Program Files
(see "CRC Check" on page 83).
Program Scanner - Scans each of the program modules and reports its internal version
number. For more information, see Checking the Version Number (see "Program Scanner"
on page 84).
Error Review - Allows you to review the explanation for a particular error number. For more
information, see Reviewing Errors (see "Error Review" on page 85).
CRC Check
Performs a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) on all of the software modules and data files in the
program directory.
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The computed CRC value for each file is compared against the one computed by the software. If
the values do not match, then the file has been corrupted in some manner. Corruption could
indicate bad distribution media, bad sectors on the hard disk where the software was installed,
or a virus infection. If a CRC Check error occurs, the offending file must be replaced for
successful program operation.
Program Scanner
Scans each of the TANK program modules and report the internal version number for each. Use
this utility to determine if the current installation is up-to-date. The Program Scanner
detects out-of-date modules and improper program installations.
also
This utility displays the information in the ICAS Programmer Scanner dialog box, as shown in
the following figure. This dialog box displays the information sorted alphabetically by
program/module name by default. However, you can click on any of the column titles to re-sort
the display according to the selected column.
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Error Review
Displays the explanation for a particular error number. If a fatal error occurs, the software
attempts to open and run this module automatically. However, if you need an explanation for a
particular error at a later time, you can access this module manually by selecting Diagnostics >
Error Review
Enter the error number and click Display Error Message for more details.
ESL Tab
Provides access to various functions which allow reporting and modification of the data stored
on the External Software Lock (ESL). The ESL is a physical key that is required to access the
software. If there is an access problem with the ESL, most of the main menu items are disabled.
However, all commands on the ESL tab are active (as well as those on the Diagnostics tab).
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View ESL - Displays memory registers that contain information such as version details,
client name, ID number, time stamp details, and more. For more information, see
Accessing Registry Details through the ESL. (see "Access Registry Details through the
ESL" on page 86)
Access Codes - Generates ESL access codes that you can send to Intergraph CAS
support. Email or fax these numeric codes to Intergraph CAS support when requesting
modifications to your TANK ESL information.
Authorization Codes - Opens the Remote ESL Code Update dialog box, where you
can enter the authorization codes sent to you by Intergraph CAS support. Each needed
change to the ESL requires one set of four numeric codes. Each set of four codes you
receive, should be entered in a single horizontal row on the grid.
Install HASP - Installs the HASP device driver.
Check HASP - Check the status on the HASP device driver. The software displays the
device driver information in a dialog box for your review.
Admin Control Center - Opens the Sentinel Admin Control Center where you can
manage access to software licenses and features, as well as diagnose licensing issues.
For more information on ESL or HASP, see Section 2, Licensing, in the TANK Installation Guide.
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Access Registry Details through the ESL

In addition to allowing basic access to the software, the ESL key contains a set of memory
registers in which your information is stored. This information consists of the client name, ID
number, date or run limits, versioning information, and the time stamp of the last access. This
information can be viewed by clicking View ESL Information
For more information on ESL, see Section 2, Licensing, in the TANK Installation Guide.
Example
Click Log File to create a .TXT file of the information, which you can send to Intergraph CAS,
Inc. via fax or e-mail. The actual file name will be ESLxxxxx.TXT, where xxxxx is the ID
number of the ESL. The software saves the file in the product directory.
Occasionally, some of this date may require updating in the field. These updates encompass
changes requested by the client, usually to extend limits, reset a date, or change the client
name. The first two options of the ESL menu facilitate this task.
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Phone Update - Starts an interactive procedure, generates data, and accepts instructions from
you. This interactive procedure requires the assistance of Intergraph CAS, Inc. personnel, to
interact with you by phone.
Generate Fax Codes - Displays a dialog box with three numeric codes. Send these codes to
Intergraph CAS, Inc. (either by fax or e-mail) with a request for the ESL data to be modified. This
option is similar to the phone update option, except that it does not require the interaction of
Intergraph CAS, Inc. personnel.
Receive and Enter Fax Codes - Displays a grid on which you can specify each set of four
numeric codes, as generated by the Intergraph CAS, Inc. support staff. Each needed change to
the ESL requires one set of four numeric codes. Each set of four codes should be entered on a
single horizontal row in the grid. When all codes have been entered, click OK to enable the
changes to the ESL. Use this option when you receive the reauthorization codes from Intergraph
CAS, Inc.
Help Tab
Contains a number of informational options, including how to access help information for using
TANK and contacting support.

View Tip of the Day - Displays the next tip, which the software displays at program
start-up. The Tip of the Day is a collection of informative points about the software. You
can disable the automatic display of the tips at start-up by deselecting Show tips at
startup.
Help Topics - Starts the HTML help system giving you access to all help topics in a
hierarchical structure. Appropriate links, tables, and graphics are included. In order for
the HTML help system to function, Microsoft's Internet Explorer must be installed on the
system.
You can also press F1 to display the help system during a data input session when
additional information is required. After you have started the HTML help system, you can
browse any other topic simply by navigating through the left pane. Additionally, the
Search tab can be used to scan for a particular word or phrase. The TANK User's Guide
is provided in online HTML format. The entire manual can be reviewed from this
command.
View User's Guide- Opens the TANK User's Guide in a PDF reader. This document is
maintained in PDF format and is installed with the software. You must have a PDF
reader installed on your computer to view this file.
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Register TANK - Starts automatically after program installation and after the first time
you open the software. After the first time, this command must be used to bring up the
registration form. After completing this form, click Send to transmit the data on the form
to Intergraph CAS, Inc..
Check for Updates - Provides access to the Intergraph CAS, Inc. web site to determine
if there is a newer update to the version of TANK currently in use. This option saves you
from navigating through the Intergraph CAS, Inc. web site to determine if an update is
available. This option should be launched at least once a month to ensure the software
remains current. An Internet connection is required to use this option.
Email Support - Generates an email message to Intergraph Technical Support. Enter
your question or comment and send directly to the Intergraph Technical Support e-mail.
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SECTION 3
Build a Tank Vessel

In this section, you will learn the typical TANK workflow by analyzing a simple tank. The tank
has six shell courses ten feet wide arranged like this:
Course
Thickness
Height
0.375 inches
10 feet
0.3125 inches
10 feet
3 to 6
0.250 inches
10 feet
Diameter: 40 feet
Roof: 15 slope from horizontal, 0.4375 inch thick
Material: A-516 Grade 60
Corrosion: Nil
Wind Speed: 125 m.p.h.
In This Section
Input Data ...................................................................................... 91
Check the Input for Errors.............................................................. 95
Analyze the Tank ........................................................................... 97
Generate Output Reports .............................................................. 101
View the Graphics Output .............................................................. 115
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Input Data
In this section you will be defining the inputs for the tank.
Topics
Starting TANK ................................................................................ 92
Define the Tank Data ..................................................................... 92
Define the Shell Courses ............................................................... 93
Define the Roof Specifications....................................................... 94
Starting TANK
First you must start TANK and save a project file.
1. Click Start > All Programs> Intergraph CAS > TANK > TANK. You may also have a
on your desktop that you can use to start TANK.
TANK icon
The main TANK window displays.
2. Click Home > Title Page
3. Type My First TANK for the Project.

4. Type My Client for the Client.
5. Type your name for the Analyst.
6. Select Home > Save.

7. Type My First Tank in the File name box, and then click Save.
Make sure to note the folder in which TANK saves your file, or browse and change
the folder where TANK saves the file.
Define the Tank Data

Now that you have a project file, you need to define the basic tank data.
1. Select Home > Input > General Tank Data, or click General Tank Data
panel.
in the Input
TANK opens the dialog box to the Tank Data tab.
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2. Enter the tank data as shown.
Define the Shell Courses

Next, you are ready to define the shell courses.
1. Select the Shell Courses tab.
2. Specify each shell course as 10 foot in the Height boxes. By default, the software calculates
and enters the shell course Height value by dividing the Tank Shell Height by the Number
of Shell Courses. However, you can edit these values as needed.
3. Type 0.3750 for the first course thickness.
4. Type 0.3125 for the second course thickness.
5. Type 0.2500 for course thicknesses four through six.
TANK populates the Material, Design Stress, and Hydro Test Stress boxes based
on the input data you enter on the Tank Data tab.
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6. Click Save
Define the Roof Specifications

With the general tank data and shell courses defined, you are ready to define the roof
specifications.
1. Select Roof Specification Parameters
on the Home > Input panel.
TANK opens the dialog to the General Roof Specs tab.

2. For Roof Type, select Cone.
3. Type 15 for the angle between the roof and horizontal.
4. Type 5.0 for Net Area at Roof/Shell Junction.
5. Type 0.4375 for the roof plate thickness.
6. Click Save
7. Select the Supported Cone Roof Data tab.

8. Select AISC89.BIN for the Structural Database.
9. Select C for a preferred rafter type of Channel.
10. Select W for a preferred girder type of Wide Flange.
11. Select W for a preferred column type of Wide Flange.
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12. Click
next to the Roof Plate Material box.
13. Double-click A-516,60 from the material list in the Material Selection dialog box.
14. Click
next to the Structural Member Material box.
15. Double-click A-36 from the material list in the Material Selection dialog box.
TANK populates several of the other fields based on your material selections.
16. Click Save
Now that you've input the TANK data, you can check the input for errors.
Check the Input for Errors

The input data must be validated through the Error Checker before the analysis phase is
allowed to begin. The Error Checker prevents illegal or illogical data from being passed to the
analysis program. The software always considers warning messages as acceptable and allows
you to continue with your analysis of the tank vessel. If you disagree with the warning message
or it raises concern, you should consider it as an error and modify the input accordingly prior to
analyzing the TANK job.
The Error Checker performs the following tasks:
Checking for negative values where only positive values are allowed
Ensuring that the corrosion allowance does not drive the thickness to zero
Checking for API code restrictions
To perform an error check of the TANK input data

1. Select Error Check/Analyze
from the Home > Analyze panel.
TANK opens the Output Processor.

2. Review the error checking and analysis options. For more information, see Use the Output
Processor (on page 102).
a. If the Error Checker does not find errors, the software performs the analysis. The
software color-codes any special notes or warnings found during analysis in the
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generated reports to make them easy to find. Review these color-coded items to verify
the job.
b. If the Error Checker finds errors in the TANK input, the software does not analyze the
job and TANK opens the Error Check Summary Report.
3. Resolve any errors that are preventing the software from analyzing your TANK input. For
more information, see Completing the Error Check Phase (see "Complete the Error Check
Phase" on page 96)
Complete the Error Check Phase

When the Error Checker encounters an error, the software prevents the analysis phase from
starting. You must correct the input to eliminate the error and re-run the Error Checker to
confirm the problem was resolved.
After all of the input data has been evaluated and has passed the error check criteria, the Error
Checker opens the Output Processor and displays the Error Check Summary Report. The
following shows the Output Processor when a warning has occurred.
1. Review the Report List for all warnings and errors. Warnings and notes are color-coded in
the Report List to make them easy to find.
2. Print, save, or export the error report. For more information, see Use the Output Processor
(on page 102)
3. Resolve all errors in the TANK input. When you have finished your review of the Error
Check Summary Report, exit out of the Output Processor.
4. Re-run the error check to verify that all errors have been resolved and TANK can continue to
the analysis phase.
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If the summary report shows that errors were found, you must correct the errors before
TANK can begin the analysis.
Analyze the Tank

The design or analysis of the tank data occurs in the solution module. This module cannot be
accessed unless the input data has been successfully error checked using Home > Analyze >
Error Check/Analyze. The TANK Solution Module dialog box displays the solution progress.
This dialog box displays the current job name, the major solution steps to the analysis, and
which solution steps are required by the current input data. As each solution step is entered, an
asterisk displays next to the item to show the current progress. There is no user interaction or
input during the solution phase. The analysis/solution phase consists of implementing the rules
and equations found in the API-650 and API-653 codes. A brief overview of this phase can be
found in the Solution Overview (on page 98) section.
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TANK Program Files

TANK creates files to save the analysis information.
File Suffix
Description
Created by
TKI
Users input data
Input Module
TKE
Verified input data
Error Checker
LOG
Error/warning messages
Error Checker
TKO
Binary output data
Solution Module
TXT
Intermediate solution data
Solution Module
T80
Binary report data
Output Preprocessor
Binary Output Data (TKO) File

After successfully completing an analysis, the analysis module creates the TKO file, which
contains the solution data in binary format. The TKO file is used by subsequent modules to
formulate and generate the various reports and graphics.
Message (TXT) File

Occasionally, you might want to know how an iteration proceeded or the results of an
intermediate computation. The message file (TXT) contains this information. As important
milestones in the analysis are reached, TANK labels the newly computed data and writes it to
the message file.
Use this message file in the event that the software encounters an error and TANK aborts and
displays a diagnostic message. Because the software aborted before an output (TKO) file exists,
you cannot access the Output Processor. In this instance, review the message file for
intermediate and partial solution data, which may reveal some reasons for the error. The
message file is a standard ASCII text file, which can be viewed with a variety of editors or
printed to the system printer. You can also access the message file from Tools > File Review >
Review message file.
You must select the Generate Message File? check box in Tools > Configuration >
Computation Control to generate the message file. For more information, see Computational
Control Tab (see "Computation Control" on page 69).
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Solution Overview
The major steps performed in the solution phase are discussed in this section. Refer to codes
API-650 and API-653 for additional details.
1. Wind effect - The specified wind speed is used to determine the applied wind pressure, the
velocity factory, and the overturning moment. These values are used later in the
computations for the wind girders and Appendix F considerations.
2. Allowable stresses for both the design and test cases - The material control routine
includes considerations for reductions due to temperature from Appendix M and if necessary
Appendix S and API-653 Section 2 requirements. The allowables for each shell course are
determined individually based on the specified course materials.
3. Required shell course thicknesses - This thickness is based on the specified design
method, either one-foot, variable point, or Appendix A. The appropriate sections of the code
are implemented using the material properties to determine the thicknesses for each course
for the design and test cases. Each thickness computation is then followed by a check of
API-650 Section 5.6.1.1 to insure that the minimum thickness requirements of the code are
met. If the input indicates that the software is to operate in analysis mode to rate an
existing tank, the design and test thicknesses just computed are replaced with the users
input thicknesses for subsequent computations. A note to this effect appears in the output
below the thickness table when required.
4. Allowed fluid heights - This procedure involves the use of the same code sections used in
the thickness determination. In the case of the variable point method, this is an iterative
process.
5. Shell weight and center of gravity - The weight/center of gravity routine compares the
computed shell weight with that specified by the user, and selects the maximum of the two
for subsequent computations in Appendix E.
6. Overturning stability - This value is checked according to Section 5.11.
7. Wind girder requirements - The number of girders, their section moduli, and their locations
are determined according to API-650 Section 5.9. Wind girder detail and size is then
selected from API-650 Table 5-22.
This concludes the general computations performed for each tank input data set. All subsequent
computations are optional depending on user specification.
Roof Data - If the roof data has been specified, the software evaluates, analyzes, or
designs the roof. Roof evaluation involves weight summations, required thicknesses and net
areas according to API-650 Sections 5.10.5 or 5.10.6. The analysis or design of a supported
cone roof applies the procedures outlined in Brownell & Young. Following the roof design,
the Section 5.10.3 checks are implemented.
API-650 Appendix F requirements - After the actual roof computations are completed, the
API-650 Appendix F requirements are evaluated.
Also note that the roof weights computed from a design are used in subsequent (seismic)
computations.
Seismic requirements of API-650 Appendix E - The guidelines of this appendix are

applied to the tank in three conditions: design, test, and empty.
Nozzle flexibility calculations as outlined in API-650 Appendix P - This appendix also

offers guidelines on the maximum allowed nozzle loads. The software determines the
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flexibilities and limiting loads on up to fifteen nozzles for all three sets of shell course
thicknesses (design, test, and user input).
Grillage computations - These computations conform to the rules of API-650 Appendix I,

Section 7.
Settlement limits as set forth in API-653 Appendix B - These computations use an

iterative procedure to determine the optimum cosine curve which most closely represents
the user's measured values of shell settlement. After the cosine curve is known, the
out-of-plane settlement and out-of-plane deflection can be determined.
Service/maintenance computations - These computations are based on API-653 Section

2.
API-2000 Venting calculations.
After all sizing, roof, and seismic computations have been completed, the evaluation for the
permitted cycle life according to Appendix M, Section M.4 begins.
Following the cycle life calculations, the bolting requirements are checked. This procedure
evaluates each of the load cases defined in Section 5.12 and determines, if necessary, the
required number of bolts and the bolt size. A second pass is then made to determine the
governing condition and to report a single bolt size and quantity, with the corresponding stress
for each load case.
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Generate Output Reports

Most of the time spent reviewing the results of a TANK analysis is in reviewing tabular reports.
These reports are organized by topic. When the analysis phase completes, the Output
Processor displays the various reports.
Each entry in the Report List displays a different report. Multiple reports can be selected or
removed from the selection by using the CTRL key in combination with a left mouse click. The
Output Processor displays the first report selected in the viewing pane to the right. For more
information, see Use the Output Processor (on page 102).
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Use the Output Processor

Any time you error check and analyze a job any errors or warnings display in the Output
Processor. If the job completes without errors, the analysis reports displays in the Output
Processor as well. You have several commands available, as shown below.
In addition to the Output Processor commands listed below, keep in mind the following
notes:
To change the report page functionality or display options, click the Options tab at the
bottom of the left pane. For more information, see Options Tab (on page 114).
To change where a report displays in the Report List, select the report and click Report
Down or Report Up. You can also select a report and drag and drop it to a different
place in the Report List.
To abort the error check phase and return to the main menu, click File > Exit.
The following commands appear on the Home tab for the Output Processor.
File Panel
Open - Opens an existing report, which means you are switching the output to a different
job. This option opens the standard File Open dialog box that shows only those jobs who
have been analyzed and have output files.
Save - Saves the selected report.
Print - Prints the selected report. Click the down arrow to see the following addition print
options:
Print to File - Prints the selected report to a text file and saves it where you indicate.
Print to File Then Run Word - Prints the selected report to a text file and then opens it in
Microsoft Word.
When you send reports to Microsoft Word, if a file named header.doc exists in the
TANK system folder, the software reads its contents uses them in the page header when
TANK exports the report to Word. Therefore, you can set up a header file with the
company logo and address details, should you want those to appear on your reports.
Word Document - Creates the report using Microsoft Word.
Previous - Displays the previous report.
Next - Displays the next report.
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Edit Panel
Delete - Deletes the selected report from the Report List and the generated output.
Select - Selects reports or the text within reports, depending on what you select in
drop-down options.
Select All Report Text - Selects all the text in the currently active report.
Select All Reports - Selects all the reports listed in the Report List in the Output
Processor.
Path - Sets an alternate path for word processing.
Help Panel
About - Specifies details about the program, version information, and the copyright.
View Panel
Highlight - Lets you enter search terms or values for the selected report. Press F3 to
move to the next instance of the search term. You must click on each report in the
Report List search and highlight text.
Toggle Status Bar - Turns the display of the status bar at the bottom of the Output
Processor on or off.
Toggle Options Pane - Turns the display of the Options tab on the left pane of the
Output Processor on or off.
Toggle Reports List - Turns the display of the Report List tab on the left pane of the
Output Processor on or off.
Reset Pane Layout - Resets the layout of the Output Processor to the default display
settings. You must exit out of the processor and then open it again, to see the reset
layout.
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Report List Tab

The Report List tab in the Output Processor displays all available reports and an error log for
the current job. The reports that display in the Report List are dependent upon the TANK input
you specify prior to analysis.
The Examples (on page 125) sections include several example jobs with complete output report
listings. Each page of output begins with a header. The header contains the users name, page
number, job name, date, time, and software version number.
Topics
Job Title Page ................................................................................ 104
User Input Data .............................................................................. 105
Error Checker LOG File ................................................................. 106
Solution Module TXT File .............................................................. 106
Wind, Material, Thickness & Weights ............................................ 107
Roof Evaluation/Design & Appendix F .......................................... 108
Seismic Analysis Results ............................................................... 111
Nozzle Flexibility & Load Results .................................................. 111
API-653 Settlement Evaluation ...................................................... 112
API-2000 5th Venting Requirements ............................................. 112
API-650 Bolting Report .................................................................. 113
API-650 Cycle Life Output ............................................................. 113
API-650 App V External Pressure ................................................. 114
Job Title Page

The Job Title Page reflects the user-specified description of the tank and its associated data.
Include any special notes here. This information is defined using Title Page
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User Input Data

The User Input Data report contains the input data defined in the input module. This report can
vary in length depending on the number of shell courses and nozzles defined, as well as
whether or not roof, seismic, and settlement details were defined.
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Error Checker LOG File

The Error Checker .LOG File report is generated by the error checker. This report contains a
list of every warning message and error generated during the error check of the input data.
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Solution Module TXT File

The Solution Module .TXT File report contains the contents of the message file generated by
the solution module. The size of this report varies depending on which solution routines were
needed and how many iterations were necessary to determine the results.
The values reported in the message file are shown in English units (TANK internal
system units). All other values in all of the other output reports are shown in the units system
that you specified.
Wind, Material, Thickness & Weights

The Wind, Material, Thickness & Weights report contains formal output data computed by
TANK. It begins with a summary of the wind parameters used during the analysis, consisting of
the velocity factor, the area exposed to the wind, and the wind moment.
The next section of the report reflects the material properties used, including the wind girder
height reduction factor. For each shell course, the material name, design allowable stress, test
allowable stress, and Appendix M reduction factor are listed.
The next section of the report details the final shell course thicknesses for the design and test
cases. The user-defined shell course thickness is also reported here, as well as the minimum
allowed metal temperature as obtained from API-650 Figure 2-1. The thickness used in
implementing this Figure is the maximum of the design and test cases.
For API-653 analysis, the next section of the output contains a table showing the retiring
thickness and remaining corrosion allowance for each course.
The next section of the report details the allowed fluid heights for the design and test cases, as
well as the required fluid height is also shown in the table.
The next section includes the annular base plate thickness and width, the weight of the shell,
and the center of gravity of the shell.
The next section details the results of the "wind overturning stability check", based on API-650
Section 5.11.
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The next section of this report details the results of the wind girder computations. This includes
the required section modulus for both the top and intermediate wind girders, as well as the
maximum height of the unstiffened shell. Following this information is a table showing the wind
girder requirements as a result of the transformed section method. For each wind girder
required, the geometry detail and angle size are also reported. If Detail e is required, the b
dimension is also included in the report.
The final section of this report presents a weight summary of the various tank components.
Roof Evaluation/Design & Appendix F

The Roof Evaluation/Design report details the results of the design or analysis of supported
cone roofs, and the results of the computations made according to the rules of API-650
Appendix F. The roof report begins with the required thickness and actual weight of the roof
plates, and the design roof load.
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If a supported cone roof was designed or analyzed, the resulting structural member sizes and
loads are reported next. This information begins with the number of girder rings, the radius to
each girder ring, and the number and length of the girders in each ring. This report is shown
below.
Also shown above are the rafter details. This information includes the number of rafters in each
rafter ring, the spacing on the outer girders, the number of rafters resting on the outer girders,
the spacing on the inner girders, the number of rafters resting on the inner girders, and the rafter
length. Note that at the center of the tank, and at the shell, the number of rafters per girder is
reported as zero.
The next section of the (supported cone roof) report details the rafter and girder sizing
parameters. This information includes the unit load on the member, the selected cross section,
the required section modulus, and the actual section modulus. This information is provided for
each rafter and girder ring, and is shown below.
The next section of the (supported cone roof) report details the column sizing parameters. This
information begins with the column load, height, allowable compressive stress, and required
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radius of gyration. This is followed by the selected cross section, the actual compressive stress,
and the actual radii of gyration. This information is shown below.
Following the column sizing details is the summary of the checks made according to Section
5.10.3. These checks determine the acceptability of the structural elements based on allowable
stresses and unbraced lengths.
Following these checks is a weight summary of the supported cone roof components.
Following the roof design/analysis report are the results of the Appendix F computations. This
information begins with the uplift force due to internal pressure and the resisting force due to
tank weight.
This information is followed by the maximum design pressure limited by uplift, the maximum
pressure at the roof/shell junction, and the compression ring failure pressure. All pressures are
reported in the users units for pressure and in inches of water, an API unit.
The last section of the roof report shows the required area of the roof/shell junction as per
Section F.5, and either 5.10.5 or 5.10.6.
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Seismic Analysis Results

The Seismic Analysis Results report details the results of the computations made according to
the rules of API-650 Appendix E. These computations were made for three cases: design fluid,
test fluid, and empty.
Nozzle Flexibility & Load Results

The Nozzle Flexibility & Load Results report details the results of the computations made
according to the rules of API-650 Appendix P. These computations were made for three cases:
design shell thickness, test shell thickness, and user input thickness. For each case, the
flexibilities, deflection, rotation, and limiting loads on the nozzle are reported. This information is
repeated for each nozzle defined in the input.
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API-653 Settlement Evaluation

The Settlement Checks report details the results of the computations made according to the
rules of API-653 Appendix B. This report provides the maximum allowed out-of-plane deflection
and a table showing the out-of-plane settlement at each of the measurement points.
This table also includes the settlement measurements, the optimum cosine curve through these
measured points, the out-of-plane settlement, and the out-of-plane deflection.
API-2000 5th Venting Requirements

The API-2000 5th Venting Requirements report details the results of the computations made
according to Section 4.3 of API-2000. This report provides the venting requirements for
inbreathing, outbreathing and fire exposure. An example of the venting report is shown below.
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API-650 Bolting Report

The bolting report details the results of the computations made for Section 5.12. There are two
sections to this report. The first section contains the uplift and load per bolt for the various load
cases. The second section shows the required number of bolts, the required bolt diameter, and
the resulting bolt stress for each of the various load cases.
API-650 Cycle Life Output

The cycle life report details the results of the computations made for Appendix M. The report
lists the exclusions and checks made, as well as the number of allowed cycles.
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API-650 App V External Pressure

The API-650 App V External Pressure report details the result of the computations made for
Appendix V.
Options Tab
The Options tab in the Output Processor defines report options, such as page numbers and
font settings.
Paging Options
Starting Page - Overrides the starting page number for this group of reports. Use this function
when you have to combine multiple reports into a single report and need the page numbers to
be sequential throughout.
Ending Page - Overrides the ending page number for this group of reports. If this value is zero
and the Starting Page value is greater than zero, then the software does not display the ending
page number.
Page Numbers - Select to print page numbers in the report header.
Page Headings - Select to print the page heading on each page.
Fonts
Page Heading - Defines the text font for the heading text.
Major Level - Defines the font for the text in the main report sections.
Minor Level - Defines the font for the text in the minor report divisions.
Normal Text - Define the text font for the report data.
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Build a Tank Vessel
View the Graphics Output

When the software completes the analysis of a tank, the output options are available. These
options include both text based reports and graphics, and graphic viewing through the software
interface. You can view the graphics model of an analyzed tank in 2D or 3D views. To change
between the two possible views, click the tabs that appear below the graphic model.
The software defaults the view displayed when you open a job to the view you most
recently used.
The following sections explain the 3D and 2D views and the options available from each view.
3D View
Select 3D View at the bottom of the graphics model of an anlalyzed tank to view the actual tank
geometry in three dimensions.
This section describes the 3D view and context menu options available on this view
The software displays the 3D model, upon input. However, certain elements do not appear
until you analyze the tank.
You can view and save output in 2D view by clicking 2D View at the bottom of the graphics
model.
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Build a Tank Vessel

You can quickly view basic details about tank elements by pressing CTRL and hovering over the
element.
In addition to showing the outer surfaces, you can also view the 3D model in different shading
modes, such as flat shaded and Gourard. The software also supports operations, such as
panning, zooming, and model rotation.
Right-click anywhere on the 3D view to display the context menu. The toolbar for performing
some basic operations appears on the right side view. For more information, see 3D Graphics
Toolbar.
Options - Activates the Plot Properties dialog with which you can
customize the colors of elements in the display.
Visibility - Select and clear the different options to display and hide that
element in the 3D graphics view. For example, you might want to hide
the roof to get a better view inside of the tank shell. The elements are
not deleted from the model, just hidden.
Render Mode - Select how you want the surfaces and edges to display
on the model. Choose between Flat Shaded (shows objects with
shaded surfaces and outlined edges) or Gouraud Shaded (shows the
objects with shaded surfaces and smooth edges).
View Orthographic - Displays all objects the same relative size
regardless of the distance from the observer.
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View Perspective - Specifies that the view should display the tank using
perspective rendering. Perspective rendering is characterized by:
The size of objects appears smaller as their distance from the

observer increases.
The size of object dimensions along the line of sight is smaller

relative to the dimensions across the line of sight.
Save 3D Model as HTML - Saves an HTML file of the 3D model in the

folder where the original TANK job was located. The software prompts
you with the file location. Click OK.
Save 3D Model as - Allows you to save the 3D model in the following
formats: HTML, TIF, HSF, BMP, and JPEG or JPG. The software
defaults to the folder where the original TANK job was located. However,
you can browse and save the file to another location.
3D Graphics Toolbar
The 3D graphics toolbar controls how your model displays in the 3D View. By default, this
toolbar displays vertically on the right side of the graphics window. You can toggle the 3D
graphics toolbar off and on using the quick access toolbar customization command (black
drop-arrow) in the top left-corner of the main window.
Pre-defined Views - Changes the current view to front, back, top, bottom,
left, right view or a standard isometric view.
Zoom Extents - Resizes the model so that it fits in the current window.
Zoom Window - Use the mouse to draw a window around the portion of
the model that you want to zoom in on. This is a rubber band zoom.
Alternately, spin the mouse wheel to zoom in and out.
Orbit - Rotates the model in any direction using the mouse. Click the right
mouse button and move the mouse to rotate the model.
Turntable Orbit - Rotates the model about the Y-axis.
Pan - Translates the model in the direction the mouse is dragged.
Pressing the mouse wheel and holding it down while moving the mouse
will also pan the model.
Zoom Camera - Zooms in or out. Click this button, then press the left
mouse button and move the mouse diagonally across the screen to zoom
in or out. Alternately, spin the mouse wheel to zoom in and out.
Select by Window - Selects details that are inside a fence that you define.
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Build a Tank Vessel

Select By Click - Allows the selection of a detail for further manipulation.
Translate Detail - Translates the selected detail in the view.
This toolbar option is not available in the TANK product.
Insert Cutting Plane - Inserts a cutting plane when you click this button
and then click anywhere in the window. You can then rotate the cutting
plane after it has been initiated. The rotating plane exposes the various
layers of the vessel. The visibility of the cutting plane can then be turned
off after the view is set. To restore the model, right- click in the 3D window
and choose Delete Cutting Plane.
Transparency - The main exterior shells of the model are transparent.
Show Nozzle List - Displays list of nozzles in a list box. The list allows a
nozzle to be located in the model for editing.
This toolbar option is not available in the TANK product.
Options - Element and detail colors are supported using the Options
selection. After being set, the software recalls them in subsequent
sessions. This option is also available when you right-click on the model
window and select Properties. The Options dialog box displays as shown
below. If any of the colors are changed, click Apply to update the new
color selections.
2D View
Click Home > 2D Plot and select 2D View at the bottom of the graphics model to view the 2D
View of the graphic output. This section describes the 2D view options and the graphics
produced for subsequent printing or capturing.
The software disables the 2D Plot panel in the following situations:
You must run the analysis on the job before you can view the graphics output.
You must select 2D View for the graphics output below the model.
Plot Menu
The Home > 2D Plot panel provides commands that let you use the graphics processor to
model tank sketches, plot shell settlement data, create nozzle interaction diagrams, and plot
supported cone roof sketches. For more information on graphics processing, see View the
Graphics Output (on page 115).
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TANK User's Guide
Build a Tank Vessel
The 2D Plot panel is inactive until you add TANK data and shell courses to your TANK job
and analyze or save the job. Once you save the job, the software activates the 2D Plot
panel.
You must add a cone roof to your job or TANK does not plot the information.
You must have the 2D View selected below the model for the 2D Plot panel options.

Plot Tank Elevation - Produces the basic tank sketch. For more information, see Plot Tank
Elevations (on page 119).
Plot Settlement - Plots the shell settlement data. For more information, see Plot
Settlements (see "Plot Shell Settlements" on page 120).
Plot Nozzle - Plots the first nozzle interaction diagram. For more information, see Nozzle
Interaction Diagrams (see "Plot Nozzle Specifications" on page 121)
Plot Cone Roof - Plots the supported cone roof sketch. For more information, see
Supported Cone Roof Sketches (on page 123).
The available 2D graphic plots are:
A general tank sketch showing plate layouts and overall dimensions
A pair of nozzle interaction diagrams, used to check the conformance of the nozzle to
API-650 Appendix P
A sketch of the results of the supported cone roof design
A plot of the shell settlement and optimum cosine curve results
Each of these graphic plots is discussed in the sections that follow.

You can view and save output in 3D view by clicking 3D View at the bottom of the
graphics model.
Plot Tank Elevations

The Plot > Plot Tank Elevations
option in the local graphics environment generates an
overall tank sketch with a number of optional details. The tank sketch is useful to get an overall
representation of the size of the tank.
Click the down arrow on the Plot Tank Elevations icon to access several additional functions.
Use Plot Tank Elevations > Show Course Labels to show or hide the course height and
material thickness values in the plot. These labels appear in the lower right and start with
C1, C2, C2, and so forth.
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Build a Tank Vessel
Use Plot Tank Elevations > Display tank dimensions to show or hide the course height,
material thickness, and general tank dimensions that appear at the top of the plot.
Use Plot Tank Elevations > Enter tank dimensions to update specifications on the plate
length and offset. The tank elevation plot updates as soon as you click OK in the Tank
Dimensions dialog box.
The following shows an example of a tank elevation plot.
Plot Shell Settlements

The Plot > Plot Settlement
option in the local graphics environment produces XY type
plots detailing the shell settlement evaluation according to API-653 Appendix B.
Click the down arrow on the Plot Settlement icon to access additional display options for the
settlement plot.
120
Use Plot Settlement > Plot measured elevations to show or hide the measured elevations
on the plot.
Use Plot Settlement > Plot optimum cosine curve to show or hide the optimum cosine
curve on the plot.
Use Plot Settlement > Plot out-of-plan deflection to show or hide the out-of-plane
deflection on the plot.
TANK User's Guide
Build a Tank Vessel
Use Plot Settlement > Display Plot Legend to show or hide the legend on the plot.
Use Plot Settlement > Spline all data for display to spline the plot data. Splining the data
smooths the plot points into curves and makes for better presentations.
The settlement plot uses two Y-axes. The far left Y-axis is for the out-of-plane deflection curve.
The Y-axis closest to the curves is for the measured and optimum cosine curves. These axes
and their associated curves are shown in different colors for better visualization.
The settlement plot positions the curves on an X-axis showing the relative angular position
around the tank circumference from the point of maximum settlement. The settlement plot also
includes a secondary X-axis which shows the location of the actual measurement points.
Plot Nozzle Specifications

The Plot > Plot Nozzle
option in the local graphics environment constructs the nozzle plot
diagrams of API-650 Appendix P, necessary to determine if a nozzle is overloaded.
Click the down arrow on the Plot Nozzle icon to access several additional functions.
Use Plot Nozzle > Select nozzle for display to select which nozzle to plot. The number of
nozzles you can select in this option depends upon your TANK input. You can add up to 15
nozzles to the TANK input.
Use Plot Nozzle > Use "design" thickness to display the design thickness on the nozzle
plot.
Use Plot Nozzle > Use "test" thickness to display the test thickness on the nozzle plot.
Use Plot Nozzle > Use "user input" thickness to display the user input thickness on the
nozzle plot.
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Build a Tank Vessel
Use Plot Nozzle > Longitudinal to display the nozzle plot from the longitudinal perspective.
Use Plot Nozzle > Circumferential to display the nozzle plot from the circumferential
perspective.
The resulting nozzle plot shows the interaction point as an asterisk. The location of this point is
determined on the plot using the input values of applied piping loads. If piping loads are not
specified, the interaction point plots at the origin.
For the nozzle to meet the criteria of API-650 Appendix P, the interaction point must plot
inside the diagram.
The following examples show nozzle plot diagrams from the longitudinal and the circumferential
perspectives.
Longitudinal Nozzle Plot Diagram Example
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Circumferential Nozzle Plot Diagram Example
Supported Cone Roof Sketches

The Plot > Plot Cone Roof
option in the local graphics environment to display the roof
design when a supported cone roof has been designed and entered into TANK input. These roof
sketches are not shown to scale and are provided for information purposes only.
Click the down arrow on the Plot Cone Roof icon to access several additional functions.
Use Plot Cone Roof > Show cross section sizes to show or hide the lengths of the cross
section structures on the roof.
Use Plot Cone Roof > Show element lengths to show or hide the lengths of the various
roof elements.
Use Plot Cone Roof > Show quantities to show or hide the number of elements on the
roof.
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Build a Tank Vessel

The following shows a plot of a typical cone roof sketch.
.
Cone Roof Sketch Example
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TANK User's Guide
Examples
SECTION 4
Examples
This section discusses several example jobs that illustrate the proper definition of input data and
presents solutions to some of the examples found in the code. The example jobs are delivered
to C:\ProgramData\Intergraph CAS\TANK\5.00\Examples.
In This Section
Example Problem APP_K .............................................................. 125
Example Problem O_WC............................................................... 125
Example Problem A_WC ............................................................... 125
Example Problem KOCZWARA..................................................... 126
Example Problem B&Y .................................................................. 126
Example Problem SSTEST1 ......................................................... 126
Example Problem TEST1 .............................................................. 126
Example Problem SSC1 ................................................................ 126
Example Problem APP_P .............................................................. 126
Example Problem EXTERN01 ....................................................... 126
Example Problem SEIS01 ............................................................. 126
Example Problem APP_K

The example problem illustrating the application of the Variable Point design method for shell
thickness computations according to Appendix K is located at \examples\app_k.tki.
Example Problem O_WC

The example problem illustrating the shell thickness computations, as defined by the One Foot
method, is located at \examples\o_wc.tki.
Example Problem A_WC

The example problem illustrating the shell thickness computations, as defined by Appendix A of
API-650, is located at \examples\a_wc.tki.
TANK User's Guide
125
Examples
Example Problem KOCZWARA

The example problem illustrating the application of the Fourier Series solution to the optimum
cosine curve in the determination of the API-653 Appendix B out-of-plane settlement
computations, (as defined in a paper by Koczwara) is located at \examples\koczwara.tki.
Example Problem B&Y

The example problem illustrating the design of supported cone roofs according to the
procedures outlined in Brownell & Young is taken from the text Process Equipment Design by
Brownell & Young. For more information, see the file \examples\b&y.tki.
Example Problem SSTEST1

The example problem illustrating the implementation of the rules in API-650 Appendix S, for
stainless steel tanks, including the necessary modifications for the high temperature sections of
Appendix M, is located at \examples\sstest1.tki.
Example Problem TEST1

The example problem illustrating the general computations performed for typical tank is located
at \examples\test1.tki.
Example Problem SSC1

The example problem illustrating the computations performed for Appendix E, Seismic
Considerations is located at \examples\ssc1.tki.
Example Problem APP_P

The example problem illustrating the computations performed for low tank nozzles according to
Appendix P is located at \examples\app_p.tki.
Example Problem EXTERN01

This example problem illustrates the external pressure performed according to Appendix V.
Example Problem SEIS01

This example problem illustrates the seismic computations performed according to Appendix E.
126
TANK User's Guide
Appendix A - Program File List
APPENDIX A

This section lists the files distributed with TANK. The lists correspond to the program sets
manipulated by the installation program.
In This Appendix
Main Set ......................................................................................... 127
Help & Error Processing Set .......................................................... 128
English Text Set ............................................................................. 128
API Data Set .................................................................................. 128
Examples Data Set ........................................................................ 129
Main Set
APIOUT.EXE
Output preprocessor
APISOLV.EXE
Solution module
COADEXE.EXE
EXE file scanner
CRCCHK.EXE
CRC check program
MAKEUNIT.EXE
Units generation module
MATEDIT.EXE
Material database editor
OUTPUT.EXE
Output report review

processor
TANK.EXE
Main program
TKERCK.EXE
Error check module
OUTWORD.DLL
Support dll
TANK User's Guide
127
Help & Error Processing Set

API01.EXE - Input module help data file
API02.EXE - Input module help pointer file
TKER01A.EXE - Diagnostic error message data file
TKER01B.EXE - Diagnostic error message data file
TKER01Z.EXE - Diagnostic error message data file
TKER02A.EXE - Diagnostic error message pointer file
TKER02B.EXE - Diagnostic error message pointer file
TKER02Z.EXE - Diagnostic error message pointer file
TKERROR.EXE - Diagnostic error processor
TKSET01.EXE - Configuration program help data file
TKSET02.EXE - Configuration program help pointer file
TANK.CHM - Help file
TIPS.TXT - Tip of the day file
English Text Set

SCREEN1.TXT - Messages for input processor
SCREEN3.TXT - Messages for analysis module
SCREEN4.TXT - Messages for output processing
TITLE.HED - Title page template file
API Data Set

A650_88.MAT - 1988 API-650 material database
A650_94I.MAT - 1994 API-650 material database plus international materials
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TANK User's Guide

A650_12.MAT - API-650 12th Edition material database
AISC89.DAT - Structural database file
API650.DIG - Digitized data from API-650 App P
ENGLISH.FIL - ENGLISH units file
MM.FIL - Millimeter units file
MPH.FIL - ENGLISH units file with MPH wind speed
SI.FIL - SI units file
T2A.EXE - Data from API-2000 Table 2A
T322.EXE - Data from Table 3-22
XX.CRC - CRC check data
Examples Data Set

The example files are delivered to C:\ProgramData\Intergraph CAS\Tank\version\Examples.
TEST1.TKI - Sample input for variable point method.
APP_P.TKI - Example nozzle flexibility calcs from Appendix P.
APP_K.TKI - Example thickness calcs from Appendix K.
A_WC.TKI - Sample input for Appendix A method.
O_WC.TKI - Sample input for One-Foot method.
KOCZWARA.TKI - Sample input for API-653 Appendix B shell settlement.
B&Y.TKI - Example roof design from Brownell & Young.
SSTEST1.TKI - Stainless steel example.
SSC1.TKI - Example seismic computations for Appendix E.
EXTERN01.TKI - Example computations for Appendix.
SEIS01.TKI - Example seismic computations for Appendix E.
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130
TANK User's Guide
APPENDIX B
Appendix B - Standard Units Systems

This appendix discusses the four standard units sets distributed with TANK. You can use the
units generator to create additional sets if necessary.
English Units File
TANK User's Guide
131
Appendix B - Standard Units Systems

MPH (miles per hour) Units File
SI Units File
MM Units File
132
TANK User's Guide
APPENDIX C
Appendix C - List of Materials

This section discusses the Material Database. When the Material Database is accessed from
the input module, the following properties are returned for each material, as applicable:
Allowable design stress
Allowable test stress
Minimum yield stress
Minimum tensile stress
Maximum thickness
Grade
Group
In This Appendix
* ASTM Standards ..........................................................................133
* CSA Standards ............................................................................134
* National Standards .......................................................................134
* ISO 630 ........................................................................................134
* Stainless Steels (Temperature Dependent) .................................135
* Duplex Stainless Steels (Temperature Dependent) ....................135
* Unknown For API-653 ..................................................................135
TANK User's Guide
133
* ASTM Standards
A-283
A-285
A-131,A
A-131,B
A-131,CS
A-36
A-131,EH36
A-573,58
A-573,65
A-573,70
A-516,55
A-516,60
A-516,65
A-516,70
A-662,B
A-662,C
A-537,1
A-537,2
A-633,C
A-633,D
A-678,A
A-678,B
A-737
A-841,1
A-841,2
* CSA Standards
G40.21
G40.21
G40.21
G40.21
G40.21
G40.21
38W
38WT
44W
44WT
50W
50WT
* National Standards
NS,235
NS,250
NS,275
134
TANK User's Guide
* ISO 630
E-275t,C
E-275,C
E-275t,D
E-275,D
E-355,C
E-355t,C
E-355m,C
E-355,D
E-355t,D
E-355m,D
C
C
D
D
C
C
C
D
D
D
* Stainless Steels (Temperature Dependent)

SS-304
SS-304L
SS-316
SS-316L
SS-317
SS-317L
SS-201-1
SS-201LN
* Duplex Stainless Steels (Temperature Dependent)

S31803
S32003
S32101
S32202
S32205
S32304
S32550
S32520
S32750
S32760
* Unknown For API-653

UNKNOWN
TANK User's Guide
135
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APPENDIX D
Appendix D - Default Configuration

Directives
Ver. 6.00
ROOF_PROJECTION_IN_WIND_MOMENT=
YES
10%_PLUS_5_PSF_IN_WIND_MOMENT=
YES
SHELL_THICK_CONVERG_TOLERANCE=
4.9999999e-003
GENERATE_MESSAGE_FILE=
NO
COSINE_CURVE_TOLERANCE=
3.0000001e-001
COSINE_CURVE_ITERATION_LIMIT=
1.0000000e+002
WIND_GIRDER_SHELL_THICKNESS=
MAX
SHELL_SETTLEMENT_METHOD=
FOURIER_SERIES
CORRODED_NOZZLES=
NO
SECT_3.11_WIND_PRESSURE=
1.8000000e+001
653_CORRODED_HYDROTEST_CASE=
NO
UPLIFT_IN_MIN_ANCHORAGE_E.6=
YES
THICKNESS_ROUNDUP_TO_NEAREST=
0.0000000e+000
PLATE_MATERIAL_DENSITY=
2.8360000e-001
MODIFY_FLUID_HEIGHT_BY_PRESSURE=
NO
ROUND_ANCHOR_BOLTS_BY=
4.0000000e+000
WIND_MOMENT_IN_APP_F
Sect_5.9.7.1
FULL_SHELL_WEIGHT_IN_APP_F
YES
USE_P_FROM_F.4.1_ONLY_IN_F.6=
NO
USE_NON_CORRODED_ROOF_WEIGHT_AS_DLR=
NO
YIELD_FOR_SEISMIC_IS_DERATED_FOR_TEMPERATURE= NO
SAVE_TO_SYSTEM_DIR
NO
MATERIAL_FILE=
A650_12.mat
UNITS_FILE=
ENGLISH.FIL
STRUCTURAL_DATA_BASE=
AISC89.BIN
BOLT_DATA_BASE=
TEMA-Imperial
TANK User's Guide
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
61
62
63
64
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
137
Appendix D - Default Configuration Directives
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TANK User's Guide
APPENDIX E
Appendix E - Selected References
API-650, American Petroleum Institute, Twelfth Edition, March 2013 (Including Errata
July 2013).
API-653, American Petroleum Institute, Fourth Edition, April 2009 (Including

Addendum 1-3).
API-620, American Petroleum Institute, Sixth Edition, November 2009.
Process Equipment Design, Brownell & Young, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1959.
Simple Method Calculates Tank Shell Distortion, F. A. Koczwara, Hydrocarbon Processing,

August 1980.
Criteria for Settlement of Tanks, Marr, Ramos, and Lambe, Journal of the Geotechnical
Engineering Division, Proceedings of the American Society of Civil Engineers, Vol 108,
August 1982.
Ovalization of Cylindrical Tanks as a Result of Foundation Settlement, Malik, Morton, and

Ruiz, Journal of Strain Analysis, Vol 12, No 4, 1977.
Stiffness Coefficients and Allowable Loads for Nozzles in Flat-Bottom Storage Tanks,
Billimoria, and Hagstrom, Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology, November 1978.
Experimental Investigation of Stiffness Coefficients and Allowable Loads for a Nozzle in a

Flat Bottom Storage Tank, Billimoria and Tam, American Society of Mechanical Engineers,
August 1980.
Improve Storage Tank Inspections, Hendrix & Carucci, Hydrocarbon Processing, January
1995.
Nozzle Stresses Resulting from Piping Loads at Low Type Nozzles in API-650 Storage
Tanks, Lengsfeld, Bardia, and Taagepera, PVP Vol 315, ASME 1995.
An Evaluation of Procedures for Determining the Fitness-For-Service of Settled

Aboveground Storage Tanks, Osage, Parikh, and Horwege, PVP Vol 315, ASME 1995.
FDA VS API-650 for Low Tank Nozzles, Lengsfeld, Bardia and Taagepera, PVP Vol 336,
ASME 1996.
Recent Developments in API Tankage Standards, Smith, PVP Vol 336, ASME 1996.
Frangible Roof Joint Behavior of Cylindrical Oil Storage Tanks Designed to API 650 Rules,
Lu, Swenson, and Fenton, Transactions of the ASME, Vol. 118, August 1996.
Revise Storage Tank Inspections, Carucci & Ay, Hydrocarbon Processing, October 1996.
Above Ground Storage Tanks, Philip E. Myers, McGraw-Hill, 1997.
API-2000, America Petroleum Institute, Fifth Edition, April 1998.
Stiffness Coefficients for Nozzles in API-650 Tanks, Lengsfeld, Bardia, Taagepera,

Hathaitham, LaBounty, and Lengsfeld, PVP-1279, ASME, 2002.
TANK User's Guide
139
Appendix E - Selected References
140
TANK User's Guide
APPENDIX F
Appendix F - Revision History

This section lists the revision history of TANK.
In This Appendix
Version 5.00 Changes (4/13) ......................................................... 141
Version 4.00 Changes (3/12) ......................................................... 142
Version 3.30 Changes (9/10) ......................................................... 142
Version 3.20 Changes (9/09) ......................................................... 142
Version 3.10 Changes (9/08) ......................................................... 142
Version 3.00 Changes (11/07) ....................................................... 143
Version 2.55 Changes (10/05) ....................................................... 143
Version 2.50 Changes (3/04) ......................................................... 143
Version 2.40 Changes (7/02) ......................................................... 143
Version 2.30 Changes (2/02) ......................................................... 144
Version 2.20 Changes (9/00) ......................................................... 144
Version 2.10 Changes (5/00) ......................................................... 144
Version 1.60 / 2.00 Changes (1/99) ............................................... 144
Version 1.51 Changes (9/97) ......................................................... 145
Version 1.50 Changes (5/97) ......................................................... 145
Version 1.40 Changes (9/96) ......................................................... 146
Version 1.31 Changes (2/96) ......................................................... 146
Version 1.30 Changes (8/95) ......................................................... 147
Version 1.20 Changes (11/94) ....................................................... 147
Version 1.10 Changes (6/94) ......................................................... 148
Version 5.00 Changes (4/13)
Tabbed ribbon interface with a Microsoft Office 2007/2010 look
Multiple color options (blue, silver, and black) for the window in Options > Themes
Large, medium, or small icon options in the main menu
Simplified analysis options with error notifications in the output
Added formulas and substitutions for many of the calculations (Wind, Seismic,
Thickness, etc.)
Enhanced report printing with a "straight-to-PDF" option that you can use from the input,
output, or graphics modules
Included more robust Output Processor features, such as:
TANK User's Guide
141
Report re-ordering with drag-and-drop functionality
Text searching (highlighting) in reports
Print-to-PDF capability
Select all text in a report
Select all reports at one time
Color-coded report names, which display warnings and errors
Enhanced new computation control options that tailor how analysis proceeds
Updated documentation guides and help files
Implemented API-650 11th Edition Addendum 3 changes.

This extensive Addendum changed many formulas. These formula changes will
cause the answers to be different from those computed in previous versions (in many but
not all cases).
Added user defined wind pressure vs. Elevation Input.
Added calculations for Anchor chairs per AISI.
The user interface has been through a minor update.
The output processor has been updated.
Implemented the changes for API-650 11th Edition Addendum 2.
Implemented API -650 11th Edition Addendum 1.
Implemented API-653 4th Edition.
Relocated \System & \Examples to %alluserprofile%.
142
Implemented API -650 11th Edition.
Added additional Bolt Tables TEMA Metric, BS3643, South African Bolt.
Colorized the Output Report text to denote failures and highlights.
TANK User's Guide

th
Incorporated changes to address Addendum 4 API - 650 10 Edition.
Incorporated changes to address Addendum 2 API - 653 3 Edition.
Added a Wind Parameter input dialog.
Added several minor changes as requested by users.
rd
Added input fields and associated handling for insulation thickness and insulation density.
Added many text changes to the output, to provide more information and detail.
Added JIS structural steel shape library.
Upgraded hardware lock to Aladdins latest HL key
Incorporated the computations for Cycle Life from API-650 Appendix M.
Included an alternate method to determine nozzle stiffnesses, from PVP-1279.
Incorporated API-650 10th Edition, Addendum 3.
Incorporated API-653 3rd Edition, Addendum 1.
Revised the output processor, for easier usage.
Since bolting data is now a required input, this dialog has been moved from the Seismic
section to the General Tank Data section.
Incorporated the ability to check for web site updates.
Revised documentation.
Updated software to comply with API-650 10th Edition.
Updated software to comply with API-653 3rd Edition.
Added dynamic tank sizing control to the sizing scratch-pad.
TANK User's Guide
143
Added functionality allowing Tank output to be sent to Microsoft Word increasing formatting
capabilities
Added [D]efault buttons to the Configuration dialog enabling users to reset the directive to its
default value with a single click
Modified the Error Checker module to notify users of fatal errors when run in batch mode
Simplified use of user-defined materials. The user material file no longer needs to be
manually merged with the COADE supplied material database. This operation is performed
in memory by the input processor when necessary.
Added Animated Tutorials to the Help menu
Added on-line Software registration. This provides better capability to notify users of
software updates.
Corrosion is now considered in Section E.4.6.
The materials of API-650 Table 3-2 have been modified according to Addendum 1.
The default configuration has been modified to include uplift due to pressure in the
computations of Section E.6.1, as a result of Addendum 1.
Re-digitization of the curves in Figures E.2 through E.4
Compliance with API-650 10th Edition
Compliance with API-653 2nd Edition, Addendum 3
Incorporated API-2000 venting computations
Modified API-620 sloshing wave height in accordance with latest API-620 revision
Version 1.60 / 2.00 Changes (1/99)
Conversion to native Windows application
Incorporation of HTML help system
On-line documentation
API-650 Changes:
144
The material database has been updated to reflect the changes to Table 3-2. This involved
removing both A442 materials.
Appendix F no longer forces a redesign utilizing Appendix A.
TANK User's Guide
Appendix I changed the equation for the maximum deflection by raising a term in the
denominator to the 3rd power.
Section 3.4.2 has been incorporated, which insures that the bottom plate diameter is at least
D + 2 inches.
A modification has been made to the implementation of Section 3.5.2, to include the bottom
shell course thickness.
Allowances have been made to enable metric jobs to utilize 6 mm plate as the minimum
thickness instead of 0.25 inch plate.
API-653 Changes:
The equations for determining the allowable stress have been modified as per the recent
addendum.
Incorporated a recent Code Interpretation stating that the Appendix M reduction factor
should be applied to both terms in the allowable stress determination.
Modified the basic thickness equation in accordance with the recent addendum (it no longer
subtracts 1 foot from the fluid height).
Incorporated the new computations for the allowed hydrotest height.
Modified the allowed settlement measurement points from 30 ft to 32 ft around the

circumference, in accordance with the recent addendum.
API-653 Addendum 1 updates (December 1996) incorporated. Note, this addendum

changes the equation used in computing the allowable stress for the thickness design of
shell courses 1 and 2!
Added Double-I beams to AISC structural database.
Added roof-plate corrosion allowance and center column cap diameter to roof input
spreadsheet.
Added multiple structural steel databases (includes five overseas databases).
Allowances for user specified time/date stamps on output reports.
API-650 Addendum 3 updates (December 1996) incorporated.
Grillage computations per API-650 Appendix I added.
Configuration option for considering corroded shell in Appendix F computations.
Modifications for the Year 2000 have been incorporated.
Two modifications were made to the shell course duplication logic. First, versions prior to
1.50 did not duplicate material properties on new shell courses added to an existing input
file. This ability has been added for Version 1.50.
TANK User's Guide
145
The second modification allows the duplication of the corrosion allowance to the upper
courses to be stopped by entering a value of zero. Previous versions treated zero as a
blank, permitting the duplication of the corrosion from lower courses.
Activating API-650 Appendix A or API-653 for thickness computations, now causes a

warning message to be generated if the joint efficiency is left as 1.0 on the General Tank
Data Spreadsheet.
A change made in the determination of the bottom shell course thickness for use in Section
E.5.3 has resulted in an increase in the actual compressive stress and a decrease in the
corresponding allowable stress.
API-650 9th Edition, Addendum 2 changes incorporated.
Considerations for Stainless Steels according to the new Appendix S (API-650) have been
added.
API-653 2nd Edition Updates included.
API-653 Table 2-3 implemented for annular base plates.
Configuration option for consideration of internal pressure in the computation of shell course
thicknesses added.
Configuration option for specifying the multiple to be used in selecting the number of anchor
bolts added.
Modifications to file management and module communication to allow multiple users in the
same working directory.
Plotting of the results of the supported cone roof design added.
146
Anchor Bolt Corrosion specification has been added.
Bold design procedure for Section 3.11 added.
Shell course thicknesses on input can be left blank, the program defaults to the minimum
thicknesses of Table 3.6.1.1.
Additional input data checks incorporated into the Error Check module.
Additional tests in the supported cone roof design module.
New support routines for ESLs (hardware locks) incorporated.
Input cells highlighted for easier visualization.
Variable Point location reported.
Consideration of Section 17.3.8 added.
Bolt design references to standard bolt size table.
TANK User's Guide
API-650 Addendum 1 updates incorporated.
Mouse support has been added to all modules.
Addition of a User specified thickness round-off increment.
A tank sizing/costing scratch-pad is available.
A material database editor is provided.
Structural element checks per API-650 Section 3.10.3 are implemented for the design of
Supported Cone roofs.
The maximum area for frangible joints as per API-650 3.10.2.5.3 is reported.
Top angle sizing per API-650 Section 3.1.5.9.e has been added.
Wind girder size selection per API-650 Table 3-22 has been added.
Theoretical height of sloshing wave (for Seismic events) determined as per

API-620 L.8.1.
The weight of the bottom and annular base plates is now determined and included in the
weight summary. Additionally the weights for operating, test, and empty conditions are
reported.
API-653 service/maintenance considerations added by allowing individual shell course joint

efficiencies and critical length locations to be specified.
API-653 minimum thickness of bottom plate per 2.4.7.1 added.
Roof design/analysis of Supported Cone roofs according to the procedures set forth in
Brownell & Young.
Library of structural shapes provided to facilitate roof design. This library includes the
standard AISC shapes as well as double channels and pipe cross sections.
Plotting of the nozzle limiting load interaction diagrams for compliance to API-650
Appendix P.
Expanded nozzle input for up to 15 low tank nozzles. Input also allows the specification of
the nozzle weight and external piping loads.
Specification and incorporation of anchor bolt offsets for API-650 Section 3.11 and
Appendix E computations.
PCX images inverted to facilitate insertion of graphics images into documents and reports.
TANK User's Guide
147
148
Computations according to API-650 Section 3.11 for Wind Overturning Stability have been
added.
Anchorage design/analysis according to API-650 Appendix E Section E.6 added.
Automatic generation of nozzle material modulus and expansion coefficient according to

API-650 Appendix Table P-1 added.
The nozzle flexibility computations for API-650 Appendix P have been enhanced to
interpolate between the L/2a=1.0 and L/2a=1.5 curves. Version 1.0 used one or the other
set of curves, there was no interpolation between curves.
Nozzle flexibility analysis can optionally consider a reinforcing pad on the tank shell.
For API-653 analysis, an additional output table for Retiring Thicknesses and Remaining
Corrosion Allowances has been added.
For API-653 runs, a configuration directive has been added to allow a corroded hydrotest
case.
Several network specific enhancements have been made to the program. This includes
changes to the file manager to recognize discontiguous disk drives, a network hardware
lock, and a segregation of program and system files.
A new loader is available to provide diagnostic capabilities from the Main Menu.
The configuration program has been modified to track user changes, which enables the
program to warn the user when an ESC is attempted without saving the data file.
A batch stream processor has been added to enable the processing of multiple jobs.
The input and output modules support a pop-up calculator for on-screen computations.
The calculator supports the basic four math operations, trigonometric functions, squares,
and square roots.
Several new configuration directives have been added. These new directives allow the
specification of the default wind pressure for Section 3.11, and the setting of the default
output report generation parameters.
An additional "English" units file is provided. This units file, MPH.FIL defines the wind
speed in units of miles per hour.
TANK User's Guide
Index
*
* ASTM Standards 134
* CSA Standards 134
* Duplex Stainless Steels (Temperature
Dependent) 135
* ISO 630 135
* National Standards 134
* Stainless Steels (Temperature
Dependent) 135
* Unknown For API-653 135
2
2D Plot Panel 66
2D View 118
Bottom Pre 3rd Edition Tab 40

Build a Tank Vessel 91
Build Version Checker 83
C
carbon steels 21
Check the Input for Errors 95
Complete the Error Check Phase 96
computation control 69
Computation Control 69
configuration 69
Configuration 69
configuration file 69
Copy a Material 81
cost 62
CRC Check 83
current codes 11
Cycle Life 57
3D View 115
D
A
Access Registry Details through the
ESL 87
Add a New Material 80
allowable stresses 99
Analyze Panel 65
Analyze the Tank 97
anchor bolt 33
Anchor Bolt and Gusset Details Tab 30
API Data Set 128
API-2000 13
API-2000 5th Venting Requirements 112
API-650 App V External Pressure 114
API-650 Bolting Report 113
API-650 Cycle Life Output 113
API-653 Settlement Evaluation 112
Appendix A - Program File List 127
Appendix B - Standard Units Systems 131
Appendix C - List of Materials 133
Appendix D - Default Configuration
Directives 137
Appendix E - Selected References 139
Appendix F - Revision History 141
B
batch stream processor 67
Bottom Post 3rd Ed. Tab 39
TANK User's Guide
Database Definitions 73
Define the Roof Specifications 94
Define the Shell Courses 93
Define the Tank Data 92
Delete a Material 80
diagnostic message 98
Diagnostics Menu 83
Diagnostics Tab 83
DLL files 83
DLL Version Checker 83
E
earthquake data 33
Edit a Material 80
Edit Panel 18
English Text Set 128
Error Checker 65, 95
Error Checker LOG File 106
error message 95
Error Review 85
Error Review Module 83
ESL fax update 85
ESL Menu 85
ESL phone update 85
ESL Tab 85
Example Problem A_WC 125
Example Problem APP_K 125
149
Index
Example Problem APP_P 126
Example Problem B&Y 126
Example Problem EXTERN01 126
Example Problem KOCZWARA 126
Example Problem O_WC 125
Example Problem SEIS01 126
Example Problem SSC1 126
Example Problem SSTEST1 126
Example Problem TEST1 126
Examples 125
Examples Data Set 129
External Pressure 38
F
File Panel 18
File Panel (Material Database Editor) 78
File Tab 16
File Tab (Material Database Editor) 78
fluid heights 99
G
General Roof Specs Tab 42
General Tank Data 21
Generate Output Reports 101
Girder Rings Tab 53
grillage 56
Grillage Review 56
H
Help & Error Processing Set 128
Help Panel (Material Database Editor) 82
Help Tab 88
Home Tab 17
Home Tab (Material Database Editor) 78
HTML help system 88
I
Input Data 92
input file 13
Input Menu 13
Input Panel 19
Inspection Data 39
Introduction 11
Main Set 127

Make Unit 75
Manual Shell Course Specification Tab 41
material data base editor 67
material database 21
Material Database Editor 76
material files 73
Material Panel (Material Database
Editor) 79
Merge Custom Materials with the TANK
Material Database 81
message file 67, 98
Miscellaneous 72
MRU list 16
N
nozzle flexibility 99
Nozzle Flexibility & Load Results 111
nozzle interaction diagrams 121
Nozzle Stiffnesses 35
O
optimum cosine curve 99
Options Tab 114
output reports 101
P
Plot Nozzle Specifications 121
Plot Shell Settlements 120
Plot Tank Elevations 119
Program Capabilities 11
program files 98, 127
Program Scanner 84
R
registration 88
Report List Tab 104
roof 42
roof data 42
roof evaluation 108
Roof Evaluation/Design & Appendix F 108
roof sketch 123
Roof Specifications 42
Job Title Page 104
scratchpad 62
Scratchpad Panel 61
seismic 99
local graphics 118
150
TANK User's Guide
Index
Seismic Analysis Results 111
seismic data 33
Seismic Data Specifications 33
settlement 99
settlement dialog 58
Shell Courses Tab 27
shell settlement 120
Shell Settlement 58
Solution Module TXT File 107
Solution Overview 99
stainless steels 21
Starting TANK 92
supported cone roof 42
Supported Cone Roof Data Tab 46
Supported Cone Roof Sketches 123
T
Tank Data Tab 22
TANK Input 13
TANK Interface 15
tank nozzles 35
TANK Program Files 98
Tank Sizing/Costing Scratchpad 62
Tank Sizing/Costing Scratchpad Dialog
Box 63
tank sketch 119
technical support 88
thicknesses 99
Tip of the Day 88
Title Page Panel 19
tool bar 19
Tools Tab 67
Version 1.50 Changes (5/97) 145

Version 1.60 / 2.00 Changes (1/99) 144
View the Graphics Output 115
View the Material Database Status 82
W
warning messages 95
What's New in TANK 2014 9
wind 99
Wind Details Tab 29
wind girder 99
wind pressure 69
Wind, Material, Thickness & Weights 107
U
units 21, 101, 131
units files 67, 73
Units Panel 65
units system 75
Use the Output Processor 102
User Input Data 105
Utilities menu 98
V
venting calculations 99
Venting Data 13, 59
Venting Requirements 59
TANK User's Guide
151

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TANK

Version 2014 (6.0)

U.S. Government Restricted Rights Legend

TANK User's Guide

TANK User's Guide

TANK User's Guide

TANK User's Guide

TANK User's Guide

TANK User's Guide

TANK User's Guide

What's New in TANK 2014

Updated graphic model to include 3D View.

Completed various UI updates.

Added a new Check for Update option for software updates.

TANK User's Guide

What's New in TANK 2014

TANK User's Guide

Minimum metal temperature reporting.

Shell course thickness and fluid height computations according to Appendix A.

Seismic computations according to Appendix E.

Internal pressure considerations according to Appendix F.

Grillage computations according to Appendix I.

Material modifications due to temperature according to Appendix M.

Cycle Life computations according to Appendix M.

TANK User's Guide

Stainless Steel considerations according to Appendix S.

External pressure computations according to Appendix V.

Duplex Stainless Steel considerations according to Appendix X.

An alternate nozzle stiffness calculation routine according to PVP-1279.

Tank sizing/costing scratch-pad.

A Material Database editor.

TANK also incorporates the following considerations from API-653:

Material modifications according to Section 2.3.

Shell Settlement evaluation according to Appendix B.

Retiring thicknesses and remaining corrosion allowance.

Corroded hydrotest case

Shell thickness evaluations using individual joint efficiencies and L locations

Bottom Plate minimum thickness determinations

TANK User's Guide

TANK User's Guide

TANK User's Guide

TANK User's Guide

The File tab contains the following commands:

TANK User's Guide

The Home tab contains the following panels:

Provides file management commands, such as Open, Save,

Provides commands for basic editing tasks in TANK. For more

Provides commands that let you add descriptive information

Provides commands to add input data to a tank. For more

Provides scratchpads for your tank, where you can compute

Provides commands for analyzing the tank. For more

Provides commands for plotting out various tank details using

TANK User's Guide

The commands associated with this panel include:

The commands associated with this panel include:

TANK User's Guide

Title Page Panel

The commands associated with this panel include:

TANK User's Guide

TANK User's Guide

General Tank Data

TANK User's Guide

TANK User's Guide

If the top wind girder is at the top of the shell, type 0.