Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Kumar
Digitally signed by
Vivek Kumar
DN: cn=Vivek Kumar,
o=BHEL, ou=PEM,
email=vivekkumar@
bhelpem.co.in, c=US
Date: 2013.02.21
13:24:14 +05'30'
ESHA
16.01.13
09.11.12
Date
R-1
R-0
No
2nd Sub
1 St Sub
Revision
SC
SC
Prep By
25.02.2013
SC
SC
Checked
SC
SC
Approved
Air conditioning
CONTROL & OPERATION PHILOSOPHY OF AC
SYSTEM
Title
Customer
Principle Consultant
Main Contractor
Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd.
Power Sector Project Engineering
Management, Noida
Sub Contractor
Sterling and Wilson Limited
Benfish IT Tower
31, GN Block
Sector-V, Salt Lake City
Kolkata-700 091
Job No:
BHEL Drawing No:
Date
Drawn
Checked
Approved
Prep By
Checked
Name
SC
SC
Date
09.11.12
09.11.12
Approved
SC
09.11.12
Scale-1:100
Sheet
1of 24
PE-V0-361-553-A105
Submitted For
Approval
Rev No: 01
BHEL to submit the P&ID for AC Plant-2, for reviewing the control philosophy
of AC plant-2
BHEL to clarify whether a separate I/O has been considered in the PLC for
LOCAL/REMOTE selection.
CPU's shall not be loaded more than 60% of the individual capacity even
under worst loading condition.
Bus and Data N/W loading shall in NO case be more than 60% of its capacity. Noted & Agreed.
1 os 22
6 of 22
Bus change over during failure shall be automatic and bump less.
BHEL to note that CPU, Communication Bus, I/O Modules, Power Supply etc
shall be redundant.
OWS/EOWS size shall be mentioned.
BHEL to not that the OWS shall be 2 Nos and one shall be configured as
Operator Work Station and the other as Engineering workstation.
REMARKS
CONTROL WRITE-UP
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION FOR PLC CONTROLLED AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM
A) PLC configuration
B) Details of Air-Conditioning system Equipments.
C) Operation Philosophy of Air-Conditioning Equipment
D) Operation Philosophy of Strip heater, Pan Humidifier & 3-way bypass valve.
A) PLC configuration:
For the operation & control of complete AC system dedicated PLC / PC System has been
envisaged. PLC with CPU, I/O panels (as required) shall be placed at different locations.
The PLC panel C01 (CPU Rack) located in the TG Building AC plant room consist of CPU &
I/O racks related to AC system.
OWS cum EWS consists of 1 no. PC, Monitor & Ethernet Switches, from this OWS the total
system can be operated, controlled & monitored based on the mode of operation selected.
1 nos. Remote I/O panels - C02 is located at Service building
1 no. Remote I/O panel C03 is provided at ESP- VFD 1
1 no. Remote I/O panel C04 is provided at ESP- VFD 2
Cable to be provided for PLC to remote I/O panels.
Complete operation can be carried through PLC OWS in Local (Auto and Manual) mode as
selected through Local (Auto and Manual) selector switch devised on the PLC OWS (HMI
Graphics) for respective equipments. Status / indications can be seen on PC monitor in both
Auto and manual mode.
Page 1 of 22
There will be no
4 Nos. Cooling Towers (CT) are categorized in two following groups:Group#1 includes CT#1 & 2; both cooling tower fans can be selected in working OR standby
mode.
Group#2 includes CT#3 & 4, both cooling tower fans can be selected in working OR standby
mode.
Both groups are common for AC Plant-1; any of the groups can be selected as working.
Maximum two CT are required to run at a time during normal process.
Page 2 of 22
4 Nos. Condenser water pumps (CWP) are categorized as:Group#1 includes CWP#1 & 2; both pumps can be selected in working OR standby mode,
Group#2 includes CWP#3 & 4, both pumps can be selected in working OR standby mode.
Both groups are common for Plant-1; any of the groups can be selected.
Maximum two CWPs are required to run at a time during normal process.
4 Nos. Chilled water pumps (CHWP) are categorized in two following groups:Group#1 includes CHWP#1 & 2; both pumps can be selected in working OR standby mode,
Group#2 includes CHWP#3 & 4; both pumps can be selected in working OR standby mode.
Both groups are common for AC Plant-1; any of the groups can be selected.
Maximum two CHWPs are required to run at a time during normal process.
4 Nos. Chiller Machines (CHM) along with their individual isolation valves are categorized in
two groups;
Group#1 includes CHM#1 & 2; both CHM can be selected in working OR standby mode,
Group#2 includes CHM#3 & 4; both CHM can be selected in working OR standby mode.
Maximum two CHMs are required to run at a time during normal process.
The CHMs will be controlled from respective Microprocessor Panels located on each CHM.
AHU room of AC-1 system shall consist of following equipment
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
AHU
1 no. Isolation Valve in chilled water outlet line of each AHU
1 no. Isolation damper in AHU delivery duct of each AHU
3-way bypass Valve in inlet water line of each AHU and Isolation valve in bypass line.
1 no. Strip Heater & Fine Filter in conditioned air duct
1 no Fresh air fan, FAF
Other accessories like temperature & RH Sensors, etc.
Motorize Fire Damper For Supply & Return Air Duct etc.
Page 3 of 22
B.2) LIST OF AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM EQUIPMENTS FOR AC-2, SERVICE BUILDING
AC-2 plant consists of the following major items that are controlled through Panel C02 located
at service building Room area: -
Motor driven Fan, Air filter & cooling coil comprises to Air handling unit. No stand by unit is
envisaged.
1 No. Fresh Air Fan (FAF) is provided per AHU room, Five AHU room comprises to 5 Fresh Air
Fans, and No stand by unit is envisaged.
2 Nos cooling towers (CT), 1W + 1S are provided;
Both the Cooling Tower Fans are facilitating to run in working as well as standby mode.
Any one CT can be selected as working & remaining one can be selected as standby. If one of
the running CT fails the standby CT will start automatically.
2 Nos condenser water pumps (CWP), 1W + 1S are provided;
Both the pumps are facilitate to run in working as well as standby mode.
Any one CWP can be selected as working pump & remaining one can be selected as standby
pump. If one of the running CWP fails the standby CWP will start automatically.
2 Nos chilled water pumps (CHWP), 1W + 1S are provided;
Both the pumps are facilitate to run in working as well as standby mode.
Any one CHWP can be selected as working pump & remaining one can be selected as standby
pump. If one of the running CHWP fails the standby CHWP will start automatically.
Page 4 of 22
2Nos. Chiller Machines (CHM), 1W+1S are provided along with their individual isolation valves.
Both the CHMs are facilitate to run in working as well as standby mode. Any one CHMs can
be selected as working chiller machine & remaining one can be selected as standby chiller
machine. If one of the running CHM fails the standby CHM will start automatically.
Maximum one CHMs are required to run at a time during normal process.
Individual AHU room of AC-2 shall consist of following equipments
o One no. AHU per room
o 3-way bypass Valve in inlet water line of each AHU and Isolation valve in bypass line.
o 1 no. Strip Heater & Fine Filter in conditioned air duct
o 1Nos Fresh air fan, FAF
o Other accessories like temperature & RH Sensors, etc
o Motorize Fire Damper For Supply & Return Air Duct etc.
B.3) LIST OF AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM EQUIPMENT OF AC-1, ESP VFD CONTROL
ROOM
ESP plant consists of the following major items which are controlled through Panel C03 located
at ESP-3 Control Room area.
3 Nos. Air Handling Units (AHU) for ESP VFD 1: AHU 1/2 shall be started in the AHU Room
of unit 1, In case of failure of any of AHUs 1/2, AHU 3 will start automatically.
Motor driven Fan, Air filter & cooling coil comprises to
Air handling unit. Each AHU is
isolated with, motorized isolation valve from chilled water outlet side & motorized non-return
damper from Airside, to isolate the unit if it is not operating.
1 Nos. Fresh Air Fan (FAF) are provided in each AHU room for unit-1,
Page 5 of 22
AHU
1 no. Isolation Valve in chilled water outlet line of each AHU
1 no. Isolation damper in AHU delivery duct of each AHU
3-way bypass Valve between inlet & outlet chilled water line of each AHU
1 no. Strip Heater & Fine Filter in conditioned air duct
1 nos. Fresh air fan, FAF
Other accessories like temperature & RH Sensors, etc.
Motorize Fire Damper For Supply & Return Air Duct etc.
B.4) LIST OF AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM EQUIPMENT OF AC-2, ESP VFD-4 CONTROL
ROOM
ESP plant consists of the following major items which are controlled through Panel C04 located
at ESP-4 Control Room area. 3 Nos. Air Handling Units (AHU) for ESP VFD 2 : AHU 1/2 shall be Started in the AHU Room
of unit 2 , In case of failure of any of AHUs 1/2, AHU 3 will start automatically.
Motor driven Fan, Air filter & cooling coil comprises to
Air handling unit. Each AHU is
isolated with, motorized isolation valve from chilled water outlet side & motorized non-return
damper from Airside, to isolate the unit if it is not operating.
1 Nos. Fresh Air Fan (FAF) are provided in AHU room for unit-2,
ESP for unit-2 of ESP-VFD Control Room shall consist of following equipment
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
AHU
1 no. Isolation Valve in chilled water outlet line of each AHU
1 no. Isolation damper in AHU delivery duct of each AHU
3-way bypass Valve between inlet & outlet chilled water line of each AHU
1 no. Strip Heater & Fine Filter in conditioned air duct
1 nos. Fresh air fan, FAF
Other accessories like temperature & RH Sensors, etc.
Motorize Fire Damper For Supply & Return Air Duct etc.
Page 6 of 22
Page 7 of 22
be operated, at any
CT#1 & 2; two cooling tower fans can be selected in working and other two as standby mode.
Cooling Towers are grouped in two; both groups are common for AC Plant 1
Group #1 comprise to: CT#1 & 2
Group #2 comprise to: CT#3 & 4
Maximum Two CTs can be operated to deliver the condenser water to AC Plant-1, at any given
time . Either of group can be selected from the OWS CRT, if group#1 is selected group#2
should remain as a Standby.
If group#1 is selected: start the CT#1 from OWS CRT, after some time delay start CT#2 start
from OWS CRT, if either of CT fans fails to start or trips in running, PLC will automatically
start the CT#3. If CT#3 & either of CT#1 or CT#2 is running & any one of the two is tripped,
PLC will automatically start the CT#4. At any given time logic will ensure that TWO CTs are
running.
If group#2 is selected: start the CT#3 from OWS CRT, after some time delay start CT#4 from
OWS CRT, if either of CT fails to start or trips in running, PLC will automatically start the
CT#1.
If CT#1 & either of CT#3 or CT#4 is running
& any one of the two is tripped, PLC will
automatically start the CT#2. At any given time logic will ensure that TWO CTs are running.
PLC will check the following safeties before starting the CT.
a) Minimum 1 AHU is running
b) Breaker fault/trip is not available.
If any one of the CT trips & standby CT starts, standby CT will
were complied for tripped CT.
All four CTs are common for Plant-1; Working & standby grouping is made to ensure the
uniform utilization of equipments.
Step#4 (Local mode/Remote mode):
CW pumps are grouped in two groups; both groups are common for Plant-1
Page 8 of 22
PLC will check the following safeties before starting the CWP.
a) Minimum 1 CT Fan is running
b) Breaker fault/trip is not available.
If any one of the CWP trips & standby CWP starts, standby CWP will
which were complied for tripped CWP.
All four CWPs are common for Plant-1; grouping is made to ensure the uniform
utilization of equipments.
Step#5 (Local mode/Remote mode):
CHW pumps are grouped in two groups; both groups are common for unit-3 & unit-4
Group #1 comprise to: CHWP#1&2
Group #2 comprise to: CHWP#3&4
Maximum two pumps can be operated to deliver the chilled water to Plant-1 AHUs, at any
given time
Either of group can be selected from the OWS CRT, if group#1 is selected group#2 should
remain as a Standby.
Page 9 of 22
If group#1 is selected: start the CHWP#1 from OWS CRT, after some time delay start CHWP#2
start from OWS CRT, if
either of pump fails to start or trips in running, PLC will
automatically start the CHWP#3.
If CHWP#3 & either of CHWP#1 or CHWP#2 is running & any one of the two is tripped,
PLC will automatically start the CHWP#4. At any given time logic will ensure that TWO
CHWPs are running.
If group#2 is selected: start the CHWP#3 from OWS CRT, after
some time delay start
CHWP#4 from OWS CRT, if
either of pump fails to start or trips in running, PLC will
automatically start the CHWP#1.
If pump#1 & either of CHWP#3 or CHWP#4 is running & any one of the two is tripped, PLC
will automatically start the CHWP#2. At any given time logic will ensure that TWO CHWPs are
running.
PLC will check the following safeties before starting the CHWP.
a) Minimum 1 CWP is running
b) Breaker fault/trip is not available.
If any one of the CHWP trips & standby CHWP starts, standby CHWP will
permits, which were complied for tripped CHWP.
All four CHWPs are common for both units; grouping is made to ensure the uniform
utilization of equipments.
Step# 6 (Local mode/Remote mode):
4 no. Chiller machines are grouped in two groups, both groups are common for Plant-1,
individual isolation valve at discharge of CHM are considered as an integral part of CHM.
Group #2 comprise to: CHM#3 & 4, along with their isolation valves.
Maximum Two CHMs
any given time.
Maximum Two CHW pump running to be ensured to operate the chiller machines & their
isolation valves.
Either of group can be selected, if group#1 is selected group#2 should
remain as a Standby.
If group#1 is selected: Open the isolation valve of CHM#1, after a delay of some time, &
isolation valve opening is ensured, start the CHM#1 from PLC.
Similarly, open the isolation valve of CHM#2, after a delay of some time, & isolation valve
opening is ensured, start the CHM#2. PLC will ensure that, the respective isolation valve
is open before starting the Chiller.
Page 10 of 22
If either of Chiller Machine fails to start or trips in running, PLC will automatically
open the isolation valve of CHM#3 & start the CHM#3.
If CHM#3 & either of CHM#1 or CHM#2 is running & any one of the two is tripped,
PLC will automatically open the isolation valve of CHM#4 & start the CHM #4 . At any
given time logic will ensure that TWO CHMs are running.
If group#2 is selected : Open the isolation valve of CHM#3 from PLC, after a delay of
some time , & isolation valve opening is ensured, start the CHM#3 from PLC.
Similarly, open the isolation valve of CHM#4 from PLC, after a delay of some time, &
isolation valve opening is ensured, start the CHM#4 from PLC. PLC will ensure that, the
respective isolation valve is open before starting the Chiller.
If either of Chiller Machine fails to start or trips in running, PLC will automatically
open the isolation valve of CHM#1 & start the CHM#1.
If CHM#1 & either of CHM#3 or CHM#4 is running & any one of the two is tripped,
PLC will automatically open the isolation valve of CHM#2 & start the CHM #2. At any
given time logic will ensure that TWO CHMs are running.
Isolation valve is considered as a part of chiller machine, once the isolation valve is
opened & open limit switch feedback is acknowledged by PLC, then only PLC can permit
to start the respective chiller machine.
Group selection of isolation valve & respective CHM is strictly same.
PLC will check the following safeties before opening the isolation valves of chiller machines
& starting the chiller machines:
a) Minimum 1 CHWPs are running
b) Chiller panel fault/trip is not available.
c) Group safety fault is not available.
If any one of the Chiller machine/isolation valve
trips & standby chiller
machine/isolation valve starts, standby Chiller machine/isolation valve will also check the
permits which were complied for tripped Chiller machine/isolation valve.
All four chiller machines along with their isolation valves are common for both
units, grouping is made to ensure the uniform utilization of equipments.
Selection/De-selection
applications.
of
standby
is
through
Page 11 of 22
toggle
function
for
all
standby
button is pressed,
Once the operator gives common Auto start command, following operation will takes place
If the operation of minimum one AHU is ensured, PLC will start the first CT in
working group, after a delay of 6 seconds, PLC will start another working CT.
If the operation of minimum one CT is ensured, PLC will start the first CWP in
working group, after a delay of 6 seconds, PLC will start another working CWP.
Page 12 of 22
If the operation of minimum one CWP is ensured, PLC will start the first CHWP in
working group, after a delay of 6 seconds, PLC will start another working CHWP.
If the operation of minimum one CHWP running is ensured, the isolation valves on
running chiller machine will open. (Time delay of 6 second is provided between
CHWP start & isolation valve opening)
Once the opening of isolation valves of CHM is ensured by its limit switch
feedback from PLC in sequential operation.
The standby operation of AHUs for Plant-1, Cooling Tower Group ,CWP group,CHWP
per group & Chiler machine per group along with their isolation valves is taken
care by PLC & the operation will remain same as explained in manual mode
operation.
Page 13 of 22
is developed to ensure
Selection/De selection of standby is through toggle function for all standby applications.
Page 14 of 22
is
to
Selection/De selection of standby is through toggle function for all standby applications.
Step#5 (Local /Remote):
Out of two CHWP, maximum one CHWP can be running at any time, Either one CHWP
can be selected as working & the other one is necessarily to be selected as standby.
Start working selected CHWP-1 /2 from OWS
If the running CHWP fails, either one the standby CHWP will start automatically.
PLC will check the following safeties before starting the CHWP :
a)Minimum 1 CWP is running
b)Breaker fault/trip is not available.
If any one of the CHWP trips & standby CHWP starts, standby CHWP will
the permits which were complied for tripped CHWP.
Both CHWPS are common for all five elevations , standby logic
ensure the uniform utilization of equipments.
also check
is developed to
Selection/De selection of standby is through toggle function for all standby applications.
Page 15 of 22
Out of two chiller machines along with their isolation valves, maximum one chiller
machine can be operated to chill the water , at any time. Either one chiller machine
along with its isolation valves can be selected as working & the remaining is necessarily
to be selected as standby.
Open the isolation valve of as working selected chiller machine from PLC,
Start the working selected chiller machine from PLC, so as to pass on the command at
chiller local panel for sequential operation.
If the running CHM is failed, the standby CHM along with its isolation
automatically.
PLC will check the following safeties before
machines & starting the chiller machines:
opening
the
isolation valves
of chiller
a) 1 CHWP is running
b) Chiller panel fault/trip is not available.
c) Group safety fault is not available
If any one of the Chiller machine/isolation valve trips & standby chiller machine/isolation
valve starts, standby Chiller machine/isolation valve will also check the permits which
were complied for tripped Chiller machine/isolation valve.
Manual mode STOP operation (Local mode/Remote mode):
a) Stop the Chiller machines from PLC
b) Close the isolation valves from the PLC
c) Stop the Chiller water pumps from OWS CRT
d) Stop the Condenser water pumps from OWS CRT
e) Stop the Cooling Tower from OWS CRT
f) Stop the running AHUs
g) Stop the Running Fresh Air fans
Stop operation is done from PLC OWS CRT in Local mode.
Page 16 of 22
START
one as
Once the operator gives common Auto start command, following operation will takes
place;
If the breaker is OK, the selected Fresh air Fan of AHU will start.
PLC will automatically check the interlock of either of FA fan from AHU room is
running & will start the selected working AHU.
FAF is necessary to be running to operate the
AHU.
If the operation of minimum one AHU is ensured, PLC will start the first working
selected CT Fan , then one no CWP, Then one CHWP
If one CHWP running is ensured, the isolation valves on the working selected chiller
machine will open. (Time delay of 6 second is provided between CHWP start &
isolation valve opening)
Once the opening of isolation valves of CHM is ensured by its limit switch
feedback from PLC, a command is issued by PLC to Chiller panel to start the
chiller machine in sequential operation.
The standby operation of CHWP & Chiler machine along with their isolation valves
is taken care by PLC & the operation will remain same as explained in manual
mode operation.
Page 17 of 22
standby
Page 18 of 22
Page 19 of 22
Page 20 of 22
Pan humidifier: - Pan humidifiers are required to add humidity at supply air at winter season.
It consists of few heater coils immersed at a confined tank . When these heaters get operated
the water starts boiling and the vapor from the tank get delivered to supply duct with the help
of a probe. It will be operative as per the signal received from R H Sensor. R H Sensor will
generate on/off signal . RH sensor senses the relative humidity (RH) of the return air at the
AHU room. If the RH is less than designed RH then it gives signal to pan humidifier. It will
start generating vapor and will supply it to supply air duct. When the RH sensor have a
reading that RH of return air is within range of designed temperature it then gives off
command to pan humidifier.
AHU Fans and other related equipment as per requirement of process will trip in case of fire on
receiving signal from Fire Panel. Fire Damper position will be monitored in PLC. Fire Dampers
will be operated (power feeding) from Fire Damper Control panel based on fire signal.
Page 21 of 22
Page 22 of 22
applications.