DZ/Diagnostic

Syndrome*:

Mechanism
s

Epidemiolo
gy

Time

Symptoms

Signs

Dx Tests

Treatment/
Prognosis

Bacterial
cause [Beta
hemolytic
Streptococcu
s]* [the only

Kids are
the most
affected

Acute

Cough,
stuffy nose,
sore throat

Beefy red
pharynx,
Fever,
tonsillar
exudate

Throat
Swabs

PenicillinV
potassium(250
mgorallythree
timesdailyor500
mgtwicedailyfor
10days)

Viral cause
[EBV]

Young
adults

Subacute
onset

Sore throat

Fever,
adenophaty,
massive
tonsillar
hyperthrophy.
May present
exudate
cause of a
secondary
bacterial
infection

Heterophil
antibody test

acyclovir,
ganciclovir, and
interferon alfa
w/corticoesteroid
s in case of
obstruction of
airways caused
by massive
tonsillar
hyperthrophy

Tonsillar
hypertrophy
without
exudate.
Skin Rash

HIV RNA assay

by PCR
technique and
p24 antigen
assay

Pharyngit
is

Group A Beta
Hemolytic
Strep

bacterial
cause of this
triad]

Infectious
Mononucleosis

Viral Cause
[HIV-AIDS]

Acute
Retroviral
Syndrome

People in
contact
w/body
fluids

Subacute

Sore throat,
sweats,
malaise,
nausea,
diarrhea

EBV serologic
testing

Antiretroviral
therapy.

If Desired
Try a Venn Diagram: Key Features are present in only one of these diseases in this triad. Differentiating features
are present in 2 out of three (they allow you to exclude one).

Disease based illness scripts: Pharyngitis

Illness Scripts
Epidemiology

Group A Beta
Hemolytic Strep
Mostly affects children

Infectious
Mononucleosis
Presented in young
adults. Salival
transmission.

Time Course

Acute

Subacute onset

Syndrome Statement

Cough, stuffy nose, sore

throat. Beefy red
pharynx and uvula,
strawberry tong,
Tonsillar exudate and
palatal petechiae.

Mechanisms of
disease

Bacterial adhesion to the

cells wall, invade
epithelial cells and
produce a variety of
toxins and enzymes. It
tries to evade
opsonization and
phagocytosis by its
hyaluronic acid capsule.

Enlargement of
tonsils, exudates
mimicking GABHS
exudate. Palatal
petechiae. Periorbital
edema.

Acute Retroviral
Syndrome
Presented in people that
had contact with body
fluids into their blood or
sexually transmitted.
Subacute onset, chronic
development
Tonsillar hypertrophy, no
exudate. Skin Rash.

DZ/Diagnostic
Syndrome*::

Arthritis

Lupus

Reiters
Syndrom
e

Dissem.
Gonococca

Mechanism
s

Epidemiolo
gy

Time

Symptoms

Signs

Dx Tests

Treatment/
Prognosis

Desired
lIfTry
Infection
a Venn Diagram: Key Features are present in only one of these diseases in this triad. Differentiating features
are present in 2 out of three (they allow you to exclude one).

Disease based illness scripts: Arthritis

Illness Scripts
Epidemiology
Time Course
Syndrome Statement

Mechanisms of
disease

Systemic Lupus

Reiters Syndrome

Disseminated
Gonococcal Infection