Sei sulla pagina 1di 3

Normally there is no change in meaning if we switch from one to the

other. In the examples you quote, Ivo, the meaning is exactly the same
and we can choose either formulation irrespective of the context.
When verbs are followed by two objects, the first object (the indirect
object) is usually a person or a group of people and the second object
(the direct object) is usually a thing:

I peeled her an orange.

He lent me his pen.

They taught us the German alphabet.

It was kind of you to make the vicar and his wife a cup of coffee.

If we want to reverse the order and place the direct object first, then the
indirect object has to be converted into a phrase beginning with
either to or for:

I peeled an orange for her.

He lent his pen to me.

They taught the German alphabet to us.

It was kind of you to make a cup of coffee for the vicarand his
wife.

We often prefer this second pattern is we want to focus


particular attention on the people described in the indirect
prepositional object or when the prepositional object is very
long:

We gave a course certificate to everyone who had


attended 90% of the programme.

We fetched take-away pizzas for all the children who


arrived home after eight o' clock.

It would clearly be inappropriate, if not confusing, to say:

We gave everyone who had attended 90% of the


programme a course certificate.

We fetched all the children who arrived home after


eight o' clock take-away pizzas.

as the meaning may not be clear.

Here are some of the most common verbs with the for +
indirect object formulation:
book

build

buy

catch

choose

cook

find

get

make

order

peel

pour

save

He poured me a drink.

He poured drinks for everybody in the room.

She found me a two-bedroom flat.

She found suitable accommodation for all the French


tourists who arrived last night.

Here are some of the most common verbs with the to +


indirect object formulation:
award

give

grant

hand

lend

offer

owe

tell

promise

pass

show

teach

throw

He handed him a four-page form.

He handed a four-page form to everybody who had


applied for early retirement.

She told them a story about the children who had got lost
in the maze.

She told lies about her background to everyone at work.

Some common verbs we can use with either to or for +


indirect objects. These include:
bring

leave

pay

play

post

read

send

sing

take

write

Sometimes the meaning is the same:

I haven't got my glasses. Will you read me the letter?

I haven't got my glasses. Will you read it out for me?

I haven't got my glasses. Will you read it out to me?

Sometimes it changes:

Will you post it to me? Please send it to me.

Will you post it for me? I can't get to the post office this
afternoon.

There are some common verbs which are followed by two


objects which cannot have their objects reversed to allow the
to/for formulation. These include:
allow

ask

cost

deny

envy

forgive

permit

refuse

We would have to say, for instance:

You have asked me a difficult question which I cannot


answer.

It cost them a lot of money.

I envy you your large detached house in the country.

We cannot say:

You have asked a difficult question to me which I cannot


answer.

It cost a lot of money to them.

I envy your large detached house in the country for you.

Potrebbero piacerti anche