ROTATION MOTION AND MOMENT OF INERTIA

SYLLABUS
Centre of mass of a two-particle system. Centre of mass of a rigid body, general motion of a rigid
body, nature of rotational motion, torque, angular momentum, its conservation and applications.
Moment of Inertia, parallel and perpendicular axes theorem, expression of moment of inertia for
ring, disc and sphere.
1.
RIGID BODY
A rigid body is a body with a definite and unchanged shape and size i.e. a body is said to be rigid if
the distance between any two particles of the body remains invariant.
2.
DEFINITION OF CENTRE OF MASS
The concept of centre of mass is a pure mathematical concept. If n particle having mass m 1, m2 .m
n and are placed in space (x 1, y1, z1), (x2, y2, z2) .(x n, y n, z n)
Y
then centre of mass of system is defined as (X, Y, Z) where
m1(x1,y1,z1 )

i mi xi Y = 1 i mi y i and Z = 1 i mi zi where M =
X=
0(x,
y,z)

M
M
M
O

X
mi is the total mass of the system.

Locate the point with coordinates (X, Y, Z). This point is called the
centre of mass of the given collection of the particles. If the position Z
vector of the ith particle is ri, the centre of mass is defined to have the position vector

1
RCM mi ri
M i

r
where r i x i i yi j zi k

RCM

1
M

1
M

m1(x1i y1 j z1k) m2 (x 2i y 2 j z 2k) ..

mn (x ni yn j znk)

i(m1x1 m2 x 2 .. mx n ) j(m1y1 m2 y 2 .. myn ) ..

k(m1z1 m2 z 2 .. mzn )

i x cm j y cm k (z cm)
n
r
m
r

i
i

RCM i1
M
differentiating above
uu
r equation
uur
uur
r
m
v

m
v

......

m
v
1
1
2
2
n
n
v CM
M
Again differentiating above equation
n
uu
r
uur
uur
uur
m
A

i i

m
A

m
A

......

m
A
2
2
n n
ACM i1
1 1
M
M
3.
MOMENTUM CONSERVATION AND CENTRE-OF-MASS MOTION
We now consider the case when no net external force acts on the system. The particles of the system,
however, move only under the influence of their mutual internal forces. In this case, setting Ftot= 0
MaCM=0
thus
aCM=0

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ROTATION MOTION AND MOMENT OF INERTIA

d
or
VCM=0
dt
or
VCM=constant
where VCM is the velocity of the centre of mass of the system. Thus in the absence of external forces
(or if the external forces balance) the velocity of the centre of mass remains constant, i.e.
RCM(t) = RCM(0) + VCMt
and it moves uniformly in a straight line. This is Newton's first of motion.
The case of an isolated system (i.e. a system on which no external forces act) is significant
because, as will be evident form the following, the total linear momentum of such a system is
conserved. If Ftot= 0, it implies that
F1+ F2+ F3+. . . +FN= 0
or
m1a1+ m2a2+ m3a3+. . .+ mNaN= 0
d
or
(m1V1+ m2V2+ m3V3+. . . + mNVN)= 0
dt
where V1, V2, V3, . . .VN are the velocities of the particles of the system. Thus
m1V1+ m2V2+ m3V3+. . . + mNVN = constant
or
P=P1 + P2 + P3 + ... + PN= constant
where P is the total linear momentum of the system.
Now, Differentiating Eq.(5.1) with respect to time, we have
dRCM 1
dr
dr
dr
dr
m1 1 m2 2 m3 3 ...mN N
dt
M
dt
dt
dt
dt
1
or
VCM= (m1V1+ m2V2+ m3V3+. . . + mNVN)
M
where VCM is the velocity of the centre of mass and V1, V2, etc. are the velocities of the
individual particles of the system.
P = MVCM
Which is an equivalent definition of the momentum of a system of particles. In other words states
that the total linear momentum of a system of particles is equal to the product of the total mass of the
system and the velocity of its centre of mass.
States that if no net external force acts on the system, the total linear momentum of the system
remains constant. This simple and general result is called the principle of conservation of linear
momentum.
4.
ANGULAR DISPLACEMENT
Consider a rigid body undergoing rotation about an axis,
perpendicular to the plane of the paper and passing through O.
Suppose that A and B are any two particles of the rigid body at the
position 1 while A and B are their subsequent locations when the
body is at the position 2.
Since the body undergoes rotation,
OA = OA
and
OB = OB
Further AB = AB, since the body is rigid.

OAB OAB(congruent)
i.e.
AOB = AOB
Adding AOB to both sides of the above equation, we get,
BOB = AOA = (say)
This implies that in a given interval of time the angular displacements of all particles of the rigid
body undergoing rotation are identical.

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ROTATION MOTION AND MOMENT OF INERTIA

Therefore, a single variable, viz. angular displacement () can be used to describe the rotational
motion of the rigid body.
Angular displacement is not a vector quantity.

5.

ANGULAR VELOCITY ()
The rate of change of angular displacement with respect to time is known as angular velocity.
Average angular velocity
2 1
=
t 2 t1
Instantaneous angular velocity
Instantaneous velocity means angular velocity at a particular dot instant. It is mathematically define
as
1 d
lim 2

at t t1
t 2 t1 t t
dt
2
1

6.

ANGULAR ACCELERATIONS ()
Angular accelerations (): The rate of change of angular vel. with respect to time is known as
angular acceleration.
Average angular acceleration:
r
r
r 2 1

t 2 t1
Instantaneous angular acceleration: Instantaneous angular acceleration means angular
acceleration. at a particular dot instant at t = t1 mathematically it is define as
r
r
r
2 1 d
limit

t1 t 2
t 2 t1
dt t t
2

Direction of angular acceleration: If magnitude of increasing then direction of will be same as

direction of and viceversa.
7.

EQUATION OF ANGULAR MOTION

7.1

IF THE ANGULAR ACCELERATION IS CONSTANT, THE FOLLOWING

RELATIONS HOLD
(t) = o + t
(t) = o + ot +

1 2
t
2

t = 20 2
o = magnitude of the initial angular velocity
(t) = magnitude of the angular velocity after time t.
o = Initial angular position.
(t) = Angular position after time t.
2

Here

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Illustration 1:

Solution:

ROTATION MOTION AND MOMENT OF INERTIA

A disc starts rotating with constant angular acceleration of radian/s2 about a
fixed axis perpendicular to its plane and passing through its centre. Find
(a) the angular velocity of the disc after 4 sec.
(b) the angular displacement of the disc after 4 sec and
(c) number of turns accomplished by the disc in 4 sec.
Here
= rad/sec2
0 = 0
t = 4 sec
(a) (4 sec) = 0 + ( rad/sec2) 4 sec = 4 rad/sec.
(b) (4 sec) = 0 +

1
( rad/sec2) (16 sec2) = 8 radian.
2

(c) Let the number of turns be n

n 2 rad = 8 rad

n=4

7.2

IF IS NOT A CONSTANT
If is not constant then the following equation of motion will hold
d
=
dt
d d d2
=

2
dt
d
dt
Illustration 2:

Solution:

A particle is rotating in a circle and its angular position is varying according to

t3

- 2t 2 +4t+6 radian. Find

law =
3

(a) Its instantaneous angular vel. and angular accel at t = 1 sec. (b) its average
angular vel. and average angular accel. from t = 1 sec to t = 2 sec (c) its
average angular vel. and angular accel. During who time of motion.
t3
= 2t 2 4t 6
.(1)
3
d 2
t 4t 4
=
..(2)
dt
d
2t 4
=
..(3)
dt
(a) at t = 1,
= 1 rad/s
2
= 2 rad/s .
25
rad
(b) at t = 1,
1 =
3
26
rad
at t = 2,
2 =
3
26 25

2 1
3

3
t 2 t1
2 1
r 1 1
2
rad / sec
t 2 t1
3
at
t1 = t1, 1 = 1

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ROTATION MOTION AND MOMENT OF INERTIA

t2 t2 , 2 = 0
r 0 1

1rad / sec 2
2 1
(c) = 0
t = 2 sec.
So whole time of motion is 2 sec.
t = 0 , 0 = 6
26
rad / s
t = 2, 2 =
3
26
6
r 2 0
8 4

3
rad / s
t 2 t0
20
6 3
t0 = 0, 0 = 4
t2 = 2, 2 = 0
0 0 4
2

2rad / s2
t 2 t0
20
8.
RELATION BETWEEN LINEAR AND ANGULAR VARIABLES
Consider a particle A of a rigid body undergoing rotation about a
, the particle A describing an arc ABA of a circle
fixed axis- n
with its centre O on the axis of rotation. Taking the origin at O, the
position vector of A,

OA .
r
OA= OA = constant (radius of the circle)
AOA = (t) (say)
The arc length, ABA,
S = r
dS d

r = r
dt
dt

The direction of the angular velocity vector be taken along the axis of rotation:

, n
being the unit vector along the axis of rotation.

= n

Then, v , instantaneous velocity of A with respect to the axis of rotation, can be written as

The tangential velocity,

vA =

v r

The acceleration of the point A with respect to the axis of rotation is

If

dt

dt

dt

dv
d d r

r
a=

a r v

is constant, then = 0 and,

= r = 2 r

a v

9.
TORQUE
Torque of a forcerabout the axis of rotation
r
Consider a force F acting on a particle P. Choose an origin O and let r be the
position vector of the particle experiencing the force. We define the torque of
the
ur force
r r F about O as
.....(1)
P r F =r F sin q
r
r
This is a vector quantity having its direction perpendicular to r and F
according to the rule of cross product. Now consider a rigid body rotating

O
A

O1
O

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Fig. (b)

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ROTATION MOTION AND MOMENT OF INERTIA

about a given axis of rotation AB. Let F be a force acting on the particle O of the body. F may not be
in the plane ABP. Take the origin O somewhere on the axis of rotation.
Its unit is Newton-meter and dimensions is ML2T2.
Illustration 3:
Solution:

A particle of mass m is dropped at point A, find

the torqueabout O.

r F

= (r sin) F n

r F sin n

= b mg
The direction of torque is directed inward the
paper or in other words, rotation about O is
clockwise.
10.

mg

KINETIC ENERGY OF A KINGLY BODY WHICH IS PURLY ROTATING ABOUT

AN AXIS AND MOMENT OF INERTIA

A
r2

m1

Let a rigid body is purly rotating about an axis AB with angular vel. w consider a general particle
m2 which is at a distance of r2 from axis of rotation.
V2 = r2.
So energy associated with this m2 is K E2
1
1
2
2 2
k E2 = m2 v 2 m2 r2
2
2
1
1
2 2
2
2
kEtotal = kE2 m2 r2 m2r2
2
2
1 2
kEtotal = I
2
Where I is called as moment of inertial of body about an given axis of rotation. In this case I is about
AB.
Moment of inerter is also called as rotational mass of object.
Illustration 4:
Solution:

Three point masses having mass 1, 2 and 3kg are placed at (1, 2, 3), (4, 0, 5)
and (1, 2, 3) find moment of inerter of the system about zaxis.
m1 = 1kg and (x1, y1, z1) = (1, 2, 3)
So r1 = distance of m1 from t axis = 12 22 5
M1 = 2kg and (x2, y2, z2) = (4, 0, 5) and distance of m2
Distance of m2 from t axis = ( 4)2 0 2 4mt
m3 = 3kg and (x3, y3, z3) = ( 1, 2, 3)

10.1 THEOREM OF PERPENDICULAR AXIS

The moment of inertia of a plane lamina about an axis perpendicular to its plane is plane is equal to
the sum of the moments of inertia of the lamina about two mutually perpendicular axes in its own
plane intersecting each other at the point through which the perpendicular
X
axis passes.
N'
O

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Z

x
r

P
y
N

Y
Page
6

ROTATION MOTION AND MOMENT OF INERTIA

Moment of inertia of the whole of lamina about Xaxis,
Ix = mx2
Moment of inertia of the whole of lamina about Yaxis,
Iy = my2
Moment of inertia of the whole of lamina about Z axis,
Iz = mr2
But
r = x 2 + y2

Iz = m(x2 + y2) = mx2 + my2

or
Iz = Iy + Ix.
Illustration 5:

Solution:

The moment of inertia of a thin square plate ABCD (as shown in figure) of
uniform thickness about an axis passing through the centre O and
perpendicular to the Plane of plate is:
4
(A)
I1 + I2
(B)
I3 + I4
1
A
B
(C)
I1 + I3
(D)
I1 + I2 + I3 + I4
O
Where I1, I2, I3 and I4 are moments of inertia about axis 1,
3
2, 3 and 4 rasp. Which are in the plane of plate?
D
C
If I0 is moment of inertia of plane passing through the centre
2
and to plate, then according to the theorem of
perpendicular axes.
I0 = I 1 + I 2 = I 3 + I 4
From symmetry, I1 = I2 and I3 = I4
I0 = 2I2 = 2I3 i.e., I2 = I3
I0 = I1 + I2, I0 = I3 + I4
and I0 = I1 + I3
i.e., first three answers are correct. Ans. (A, B, C)

10.2 THEOREM OF PARALLEL AXES

The moment of inertia of a body about any axis is equal to its moment of inertia about a parallel axis
through its centre of gravity plus the product of the mass of the body and the square of the
perpendicular distance between the two parallel axes.
Moment of inertia of the whole of lamina about YY,
I = m(x + d)2 = m(x2 + d2 + 2xd)
I = mx2 + md2 + 2mxd
mx2 = Ig,
md2 = (m)d2 = Md2
where M ( = m) is the mass of the lamina.
Also, mxd = 2d mx
.(1)
2
I = Ig + md + 2d mx
mgx = 0 or g mx = 0
or
mx = 0
[Q g 0]
From equation n(1), I = Ig + Md2
or
But

Illustration 6:

Y'

x
P

Y'

Calculate the moment of inertia of a uniform circular

plate about its axis.
O

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x
R

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ROTATION MOTION AND MOMENT OF INERTIA

Let the mass of the plate be M and its radius R. The centre is at O and the axis OX
is perpendicular to the plane of the plate.
M
M
2Mx dx

2 x dx
its mass per unit area
2 . Mass of the ring
2
R
R
R2
the moment of inertia of the elementary ring about OX is
2Mx dx 2
dI
x
2
R
R
2M 3
MR2
The moment of inertia of the plate about OX is I 2 x dx
R
2
0
LAW OF ROTATION

Solution:

11.

If a body rotates purly about an axis S with angular acceleration and net torque acting on the body
about s is s.
s = I
Illustration 7:

Solution:

12.

A triangular plate of uniform thickness and density is made

to rotate about an axis perpendicular to the plane of the
paper and (a) passing through A, (b) passing through B, by
the application of the same force, F, at C (midpoint of AB)
B
C
as shown in the figure. The angular acceleration in both A
the cases will be the same.
F

= I

I
= Force perpendicular distance Torque is same in both the cases. But Since I
will be different due to different mass distribution about the axis.
will be different. False.

PROPERTY OF RIGID BODY

PROPERTY 1: If a rigid body is moving in general motion i.e. neither pure rotation nor pure
translation. Then if we consider two point on rigid body A and B. Then vel. of A along AB will be
same as vel. of B along AB.
VA

VB

VA cos = VB cos
B

Illustration 8:

Solution:

A rod of length is moving by the help of vertical and

horizontal wall if at any particular time rod makes an
angle with horizontal and vel. of A is V then what will be
vel. of B.
Vel. of A along BA = vel. of B along BA

V1 cos(90 )

V1 cos(90 ) = Vcos

V1

90

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ROTATION MOTION AND MOMENT OF INERTIA

V cos
V cot
V1 =
sin
V1 = V cot
PROPERTY 2: If a rigid body is performing a general motion then if we consider frame of
reference of any point on rigid body then we will observe that the body is purly rotating about our
self.
Illustration 9:

Two disc A and B (having mass, Radius and moment of inertia

of disc are M1, R1, I1 and M2, R2, I2) body A is purely rotating
and B is performing general motion frame all the eqn. To find
linear and angular acceleration of A and B)

Solution:

M1 R1 I1
a

B
1

O
A

M2 R 2 I2

2
A2

F.B.D of A
N
1

T mg

TR1 = I1 1
F.B.D of B

.(1)

m2 g

m2g T = m2A2
.(2)
F.B.D of B from frame of reference of centre of B
T

m2 A 2

m2 g

13.

TR = I22
. (3)
accel. of A in down ward direction = accel. of B in downward direction = accel.
of C in down ward
R11 = A2 R2 2
...(4)
MOTION OF ROUND OR SPHERICAL OBJECT ON HORIZONTAL SURFACE

13.1 CASE OF ROLLING AND SLIPPING:

A disc at any time t = t was moving with linear vel. V 0 and angular vel. 0. If s is the point of contact
then consider the vel. of point S.
o
O
-Vo
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S

r
r
VOe V0i ; VS O R0i
r
r
r
VS e VSO VO e

ROTATION MOTION AND MOMENT OF INERTIA

= (VO RO) i
If vel. of point S is in forward direction with respect to contact surface then body is called is in
forward rolling.
If vel. of point S is in backward direction with respect to contact surface then it is called as in bock
ward slipping.
And if vel. of point S is 0 then the body is called as in rolling.
So,
VO Ro > 0 VO > Ro forward slipping
VO Ro < 0 VO < Ro backward slipping
VO Ro = 0 Rolling.
Point to be not iced
Suppose a round or spherical object to moving on earth and it is rolling. If at any time t = t its linear
acceleration is A and angular acceleration is . Then for further rolling
A = R
14.
ROTATIONAL WORK AND ENERGY
The rotational work done by a force about the fixed axis of rotation is defined as
Wrot = d
Where is the torque produced by the force, and d is the infinitesimally small angular
displacement about the axis.
The rotational kinetic energy of a body about a fixed rotational axis is defined as
1
K rot I2
2
where I is the moment of inertia about the axis.
WorkEnergy Theorm
In complete analog to the work energy theorem for the translatory motion, it can be stated for
rotational motion as:
Wrot = Krot
The net rotational work done by the forces is equal to the change in rotational kinetic energy of the
body.
Conservation of Mechanical Energy
In the absence of dissipative work done by nonconservative forces, the total mechanical energy of a
system is conserved.
K U 0
or
Kf + Uf = Ki + Ui
15.
ANGULAR MOMENTUM OF A PARTICLE ABOUT A POINT AND ABOUT AN
AXIS

L0 r p

L0 = rp sin = r p
where r = r sin = OA

where L
= unit vector along axis zz.
Lzz = L 0 .L

Where L 0 angular momentum of a particle of mass m about point 'O'

15.1 ANGULAR MOMENTUM OF A RIGID BODY ABOUT A POINT
Suppose a body is rotating about centre of mass with angular vel. and centre of mass is moving
r
with linear vel. v . Then the angular momentum of body about o is defined as
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ROTATION MOTION AND MOMENT OF INERTIA

Y

LBody o LBody cm LcmO I

15.2

RELATION
BETWEEN TORQUE AND ANGULAR MOMENTUM

L r p

dL
d r dp

p r
v mv r F
dt
dt
dt

r

=0+
ext

dL
ext
dt

This relation analogous to

15.3

r (mv)

F ma ,

is applied to rotation.

CONSERVATION OF ANGULAR MOMENTUM

When there is no net external torque acting on a particle, then

dL
0.
dt

= constant
Therefore, the angular momentum of the particle remains invariant in the absence of any net external
torque.
16.

Expressions for moment of inertia of bodies of regular shapes about particular axes of
rotation:
Shape of body

Axis of Rotation

1. Circular ring of mass M (i)

and Radius R
(ii)

through centre, perpendi- cular

to plane of ring
any diameter

Expression for Moment of

Inertia
MR2
(1/2) MR2

(iii) any tangent in the plane of ring

(3/2) MR2

(iv) any tangent perpendicular to

plane of ring

2 MR2

2. Circular disc of mass M (i)

and radius R
(ii)

through centre, perpendi-cular

to plane of disc

(1/2) MR2

any diameter

(1/4) MR2

(iii) tangent in the plane of the disc

(5/4) MR2

(iv) tangent perpendicular to plane

of disc

(3/2) MR2

3. Sphere of mass M and (i)

Radius R
(ii)

any diameter

(2/5) MR2

any tangent plane

(7/5) MR2

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ROTATION MOTION AND MOMENT OF INERTIA

4. Cylinder of mass M, (i)
radius R and length L
(ii)

(1/2) MR2

own axis
through centre perpendicular to
length

(iii) through end faces and to

length

R2 L2

4 12
R2 L2

4
3

centre of rod and to length

ML2/12

one end and to length

ML2/3

6. Rectangular Lamina of (i)

mass M, length L and
breadth B

length of lamina and in its plane

MB2/3

(ii)

breadth of lamina and in its

plane

ML2/3

5. One dimensional rod of (i)

mass M and length L
(ii)

(iii) centre of lamina and parallel to

length or breadth in its plane

MB2 ML2
or
12
12

(iv) centre of lamina and to its

plane

L2 B2
M

12

centre of length and to its

plane

(vi) centre of breadth and to its

plane

(v)

7. Rectangular block of (i)

mass M, length L, breadth
B and height H

through centre or block and

parallel to length or breadth or
height of the block

L2 B2

12 3
L2 B2

3 12

B2 H2
or
12

H2 L2
M
or
12
L2 B2

12

M
(ii)

through end face and parallel to

length or breadth or height of
the block

H2 B2

3 12
L2 H2
M
or
3 12
M

B2 L2

3 12

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ROTATION MOTION AND MOMENT OF INERTIA

ASSIGNMENT
1.

A particle of mass m is projected with a velocity V making an angle of 45 with the

horizontal. The magnitude of the angular momentum of the projectile about the projection
when the particle is at its maximum height h is
mV 3
(A)
zero
(B)
4 2g
(C)

mV 3
2g

(D)

mV 3
2 2g

2.

The ratio of Earths orbital angular momentum (about the sun) to its mass is 4.4 10 15 m2/s.
The area enclosed by Earths orbit approximately ..m2
(A)
(B)
6.94 1022 m2
7.94 10 22 m2
(C)
(D)
6.94 1020 m2
7.94 10 20 m2

3.

According to Keplers second law, the radius vector to a planet from the sun sweeps out equal
areas in equal intervals of time. This law is a consequence of the conservation of
(A)
Angular momentum
(B)
linear momentum
(C)
Energy conservation
(D)
All are correct.

4.

The moment of inertia of a ring about one of its diameters is I. What will be its moment of
inertia about a tangent parallel to the diameter?
(A)
4I
(B)
2I
3
I
(C)
(D)
3I
2

5.

A uniform cube of side a and mass m rests on a rough horizontal table. A horizontal force F is
applied normal to one of the faces at a point that is directly above the centre of the face, at a
height 3a/4 above the base. The minimum value of F for which the cube begins to topple
about the edge is (Assume that the cube does not slide).
3
2
C
B
mg
mg
(A)
(B)
F
2
3
4
1
3a / 4
mg
mg
(C)
(D)
D
5
6
A

6.

In the given example A pulley is purly rotating about O. Find the

angular acceleration about O. Given that moment of inertia of pulley about O is I.
FR
FR
(A)
=
(B)
=
I
I
FR
FR
(C)
=
(D)
=
I
I
A disc of Radius R is pulley rotating about O with angular vel. about O. If B is the point on disc
such that OB is parallel to rod which is as shown in the fig. B is connected by A (A is bar which is
smoothly moving on the rod). If point B and bar A is
connected by mass less rod and at a particular time AB makes

B
an angle 30 with vertical rod and disc is rotating with angular
30
O
vel. as shown in fig. Then what will be the vel. of A.
90 30 60

mg

7.

SRI BHARADWAJ EDU GENEA

30

Page 13

OB r / 2

(A)
(C)

Rw
2 3
Rw
5 3

ROTATION MOTION AND MOMENT OF INERTIA

2Rw
(B)
3
Rw
(D)
7 3

8.

A disc of mass m and radius R is moving on a horizontal surface. If force

F is acting on the disc. Then find the angular acceleration of disc.
3F
4F
(A)
(B)
mR
mR
2F
5F
(C)
(D)
mR
mR

9.

A spool of thread (having mass M radius r and R ) is moving in

forward direction by force F. If rolling is taking place find the
acceleration.
(A)
R
(B)
M
(C)
r
(D)
MA

10.

A disc of mass m has given a horizontal velocity Vo. And coefficient of

friction between the disc and horizontal surface is . Find linear
acceleration of disc when rolling starts.
(A)
Mg
(B)
g
(C)
V0g
(D)
None of these.

11.

A disc of mass m has given a horizontal velocity Vo. And coefficient of

friction between the disc and horizontal surface is . Find angular
acceleration of disc when rolling starts.
mg
mg
(A)
(B)
R
2R
2g
2 mg
(C)
(D)
R
3R

12.

A disc of mass m has given a horizontal velocity Vo. And coefficient of

friction between the disc and horizontal surface is . Find linear
velocity of disc when rolling starts.
Vo
2Vo
(A)
(B)
3
2Vo
2Vo
(C)
(D)
5
3

13.

A disc of mass m has given a horizontal velocity Vo. And coefficient of

friction between the disc and horizontal surface is . Find angular
velocity of disc when rolling starts.
2Vo
Vo
(A)
(B)
3R
3R
2Vo
2Vo
(C)
(D)
R
5R

SRI BHARADWAJ EDU GENEA

Vo
Vo
Vo

Vo
Vo
Vo

Vo
Vo
Vo

Vo
Vo
Vo

Page 14

14.

ROTATION MOTION AND MOMENT OF INERTIA

The value of angle for which spool will not move and not rotate.
(A)
= tan1 (r/R)
(B)
= cot1 (r/R)
(C)
= cos1 (r/R)
(D)
= sin1 (r/R)

15.

For above angle of , the maximum value of force F for which it will remains in equilibrium
mg
mg
F
F
(A)
(B)
(cos sin )
(cos sin )
mg
mg
F
F
(C)
(D)
(cos sin )
(cos sin )

16.

Let at 1 body is in equilibrium then if > 1 then direction and magnitude of friction on
ground will be (if rolling is taking place I = mrR/2 about centre)
F(cos 1)r
fr
(A)
bark ward
(r 2R)
F(cos 2)r
fr
(B)
bark ward
(r 2R)
F(cos 2)r
fr
(C)
bark ward
(r 2R)
F(cos 2)r
fr
(D)
bark ward
(r 2R)

17.

for 180,

18.

F
k where K 1Kg/N. Then direction and magnitude of friction force
250m
2
4R

2
on contact surface will be I mR Consider r
3
5

(A)
F/15
(B)
F/25
(C)
F/20
(D)
none of these

. Then the friction force, linear and angular acceleration of spool will be
2
(moment of inertia of spool about centre = I)
(A)
0, F/M, Fr/I
(B) 0, 0, Fr/I
(C)
0, 0, 0
(D)
none of these
F Mg and

19.

In part (iv) the value of linear acceleration of spool will be

22F
24F
(A)
(B)
(25m)
(25m)
20F
(C)
(D)
none of these
(25m)

20.

In part (iv) if = F/(125m) k, where K 1Kg/N. The friction is equal to

27F
27F
(A)
(B)
(25m)
(20m)
27F
(C)
(D)
none of these
(15m)

SRI BHARADWAJ EDU GENEA

Page 15

21.

22.

23.

24.

ROTATION MOTION AND MOMENT OF INERTIA

A cubical block of side L rests on a rough horizontal surface with coefficient of friction . A
horizontal force F is applied on the block as shown. If the coefficient of friction is sufficiently
high so that the block does not slide before toppling, the minimum force required to topple
the block is
F
P
(A)
infinitesimal
(B)
mg/4
L
(C)
mg/2 (D)
mg(1)
Consider a body, shown in figure, consisting of two identical
balls, each of mass M connected by a light rigid rod. If an
impulse J = MV is imparted to the body at one of its ends, M
what would be its angular velocity?
(A)
V/L (B)
2V/L
(C)
V/3L (D)
V/4L

L
M
J = MV

The torque on a body about a given point is found to be equal to A L where A is constant
vector, and L is the angular momentum of the body about that point. From this it follows that
dL
(A)
is perpendicular to L at all instants of time
dt
(B)
the component of L in the direction of A does not change with time.
(C)
the magnitude of L does not change with time.
(D)
L does not change with time
(A)
A, B, C
(B)
A, C, D
(C)
B, C, D
(D)
A, B, C, D
A particle is confined to rotate in a circular path decreasing linear speed, then which of the
following
r is correct?
(A)
L (angular momentum ) is conserved rabout the centre
(B)
only direction of angular momentum L is conserved
(C)
It spirals towards the centre
(D)
Its acceleration is towards the centre

25.

A thin circular ring of mass M and radius r is rotating about its axis with a constant angular
velocity , Two objects, each of mass m, are attached gently to the opposite ends of a
diameter of the ring. The wheel now rotates with an angular velocity
M
(M 2m )
(A)
(B)
(M m )
(M 2m )
M
(M 2m )
(C)
(D)
(M 2 m)
M

26.

Two point masses of 0.3 kg and 0.7kg are fixed at the ends of a rod of length 1.4 m and of
negligible mass. The rod is set rotating about an axis perpendicular to its length with a
uniform angular speed. The point on the rod through which the axis should pass in order that
the work required for rotation of the rod is minimum is located at a distance of
(A)
0.42 m from mass of 0.3 kg
(B)
0.70 m from mass of 0.7 kg
(C)
0.98 m from mass of 0.3 kg
(D)
0.98 m from mass of 0.7 kg

27.

A mass m is moving with a constant velocity along a line parallel to the xaxis, away from
the origin. Its angular momentum with respect to the origin
(A)
is zero
(B)
remains constant
(C)
goes on increasing
(D)
goes on decreasing.

SRI BHARADWAJ EDU GENEA

Page 16

28.

29.

30.

ROTATION MOTION AND MOMENT OF INERTIA

A smooth sphere A is moving on a frictionless horizontal plane with angular speed and centre of
mass velocity . It collides elastically and head on with an identical sphere B at rest. Neglect friction
everywhere. After the collision, their angular speeds are A and B, respectively. Then
(A)
A < B
(B)
A = B
(C)
A =
(D)
B =
A disc of mass M and radius R is rolling with angular speed on a
horizontal plane as shown in Figure. The magnitude of angular
momentum of the disc about th origin O is
(A)
(1/2)MR2
(B)
MR2
(C)
(3/2)MR2
(D)
2MR2
A cubical block of side a is moving with velocity V on a horizontal
smooth plane as shown in Figure. It hits a ridge at point O. The
angular speed of the block after it hits O is
(A)
3V/(4a)
(B)
3V/(2a)
(C)
(D)
zero
3V /( 2a )

SRI BHARADWAJ EDU GENEA

V
O

Page 17

ROTATION MOTION AND MOMENT OF INERTIA

ANWER SHEET
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

B
A
A
D
B
C
A
C
A
B

SRI BHARADWAJ EDU GENEA

11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.

C
D
A
C
D
D
B
B
B
A

21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.

C
A
A
B
C
C
B
C
C
A

Page 18