Introduction

Company Profile
History and Development of the unit
Location of the Unit
Size of the Form and Organization Unit
Vision statement, Core Purpose, Core Values
Products Produced by the Unit
SWOT Analysis

INTRODUCTION
1

India is a developing country. Earning of foreign exchange plays very

important role in India. In spite of important raw material and modern technology from
foreign countries, India is in a position to earn foreign exchange through exports.
The companies producing steel products have increased to large extent
at the developing stage. These companies also import technology i.e., machinery and
equipment from other countries to produce steel products at reasonable cost.
ECHJAY INDUSTRY is also one of the industry which producing steel
forging to large extent. Even this company imports machinery from the foreign countries
and exports its finished products to many European countries.
This unit was established in 18th December 1971 at Rajkot. Its head
office is at Mumbai. The founder of this unit is Mr. Harilal Jechand Doshi.
In the initial stage this unit was started on small basis means, there
were only 100 employees and now days it has about more than 1300 workers. They have
developed about 100 different types of products. It has 80 major customers like Railways,
Defense, ONGC refinery, and petrochemicals, Tata Moter, Mahindra & Mahindra etc.
Since last 32 years, ECHJAY INDUSTRY has become large
manufacturers of steel forging and achieved a wide market.

COMPANYS POFILE

Location:

Head Office:

ECHJAY INDUSTRIES PVT. LTD.

ECHJAY Steel Division,
Lalpari Lake Road,
RAJKOT 360003.

ECHJAY INDUSTRIES PVT. LTD.,

83, Bajaj Bhavan,
Nariman Point,
MUMBAI 400021.

Founder:

Late Shri Harilal Jechand Doshi

Chairman & M. D.:

Shri Vinodbhai H. Doshi

Year of Establishment:

18th December 1971

Land Area:

11000 Sq. Meters (Approximately)

Form of Organization:

Private Limited Company

Nature of the Industry:

Forging Industry

Size:

Medium Scale

Working Hours:

24 Hours.

Shift:

1st: - 8:00am to 4:00 pm.

2nd: - 4:00 pm to 12:00 a.m.
3rd: - 12:00 a.m. to 8:00 a.m.

Employee Office Hours:

9:00a.m.To 5:30 p.m.

Weekly Off:

Sunday

Bankers:

Bank of India,
State Bank of Saurashtra,
Co-operative Bank,
Indian overseas Bank.

Accounting Year:

April to March.

Total Employees:

About 1200
(Technical 2/3 and Non-technical 1/3)

Contact:

Phone :( 0281) 2387482/ 83/ 84/ 85/ 86

Fax: (91-281) 2387847
E-Mail: ehjay@wilnetonline.
Website: www.echjayindustries.com

HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE UNIT

Having well established in art silk industries, Founder Chairman, the

late Shri Harilal Jechand Doshi, foresaw great potential in the field of steel forging also.
The name of the company anglicized assort founder name means ECH denotes H
Haribhai, JAY denotes J Jechand. So, the companys name selected from germen
language. Thus, ECH (H) JAY (J) industries Pvt. Ltd. signifying his name come into
being as modest forge shop in the year 1971.
Since then, ECHJAY has systematically grown into large-scale
manufacturers of steel forging use in advanced technology and equipment. The company
produces everything from simple forging to highly critical super alloy forged products
that strictly conforms to international specifications standards of quality.
A decade ago ECHJAY steel division, forged into space age when its
profiled rings played important role in the fabrication and successful launch of Indias
SLV rockets. Today ECHJAYs forged rings have becomes the vital components of the
Agni, Rohini, Long range and technical missiles, main battle tanks, armored vehicles and
other defense component. In the civil sector, ECHJAYs wheels constitute a substantial
part of the Indian Railways.
ECHJAY has been exporting flanges and other forging over to
developed countries like USA, CANADA, UK, FRANCE, GERMANY, JAPAN,
AUSTRALIA, as well as SOUTH AFRICA.
Reliably supplying to such a broad spectrum of users with both
standard and custom built forgings, ECHJAY has built up reputation for excellence in
quality and services all over India and in several countries around the world.
With an investment of Rs. 100 crores in its plant and machinery and
turnover of Rs. 60 crores ECHJAY has built capacity to produce 24000 tones of forging
per annum. The on going modernization plans covers not only updating equipment but
also includes intensive training of workforce to curtain process wastage and to optimize
energy conservation.
The main stem for this success is high standards of quality that
ECHJAY has attained. Fine tuned checks of every stage of production are features of
companys quality assurance and discipline to maintain its high standards of backward
and forward integration.

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Name

Designation

Mr. Vinodbhai H. Doshi:

Chairman & Managing Director.

Mr. Devendra Doshi:

Executive Director.

Mr. Paras Doshi:

Director

Mr. Bharat Doshi:

General Manager and Director

Mr. E. P. Casteliano:

G. M. (Technical)

Mr. J.R. Kikani:

Manager (HRD)

Mr. H. V. Nimbark:

Manager (Utility & Maint.)

Mr. S. N. Rajpara:

Manager (Quality Control)

Mr. N. S. Modi:

Manager (Forge Shop)

Mr. M. Y. Hathi:

Ass. Manager (P & HRD)

LOCATION OF THE UNIT

Location of the unit is the most important factor to be consideration for
the successful working of any organization. It plays vital role in the development of the

unit. The location of the firm should be chosen after considering several factors. The
location that is most beneficial to the plant may be considered as an optimum location.
The factors should be its infrastructure.
Developments like,
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

Nearness to raw materials

Proximity of market
Availability of labours
Availability of power
Availability of finance
Favorable climate
Transportation facilities
Availability of ancillary and auxiliary services, etc.

The present location of the firm is optimum for it uses the entire
necessary infrastructure and other facilities are available easily. The company also has its
own power-generating house in case of power failure. The finance and banking services
is also easily available at this location. Labour, this is most important factor of production
is also easily available.

SIZE OF THE FORM AND ORGANIZATION UNIT

ECHJAY INDUSTRY is a medium scale industry. This unit is a private

limited company. It is engaged in the production of steel products. It is forging unit. It is
registered under the companys act 1956. According to the companies act any company
earning a turnover of more than 35 crores of rupees for 3 successive years is considered
as public limited company. The shares of such company are held by the promoters of the
company and are not issued to the general public for subscription.
In ECHJAY INDUSTRY, three levels of management are there from
top to bottom. There are various types of department like the production, finance,
marketing, and personnel. All these departments are responsible to each other. The
authority and responsibilities of the company is divided in different parts.

VISION STATEMENT

To be one of the leading supplies of high quality forgings, Semi finished & fully
machined products to automotive industry and other core Engineering Industries.

CORE PURPOSE
Deliver superior products through technological improvements and operational
excellence.

CORE VALUES

Expectations and needs of customers

Long-term business relations,

Recognition through Quality & commitment,

Continual Improvement,

Social Responsibility and

Teamwork.

PRODUCTS PRODUCED BY THE UNIT

ECHJAY INDUSTRY produces a number of differentiated products.

All these products are produced according to the demand of the customers. Following are
the products produced by the company

Crank Shafts
Connecting rods & caps
Output shafts
Bearing caps
Shift levers
Crown wheels & pinions
Wheel bearing spindle
Ball yokes
Flanged yokes
Universal cross
Tow hook
Load binder
Spring seat
Draft key
Screw coupling
Shafts & links

Camshafts
Gear shifter forks
Sliding gears
Bell crank arm
Axle shafts Hubs
End yokes
Mid shifts shafts
Spiders
Shackle
Hanger
Pivot pin
Draw bear & hook
Track rollers
Cones & legs

Over and above these products ECHJAY INDUSTRY produce a variety

of other steel products as per customers requirements. It also produces products for
applications in diverse industries, viz. Automobile, Tractor, Rail Coach, Mining, Earth
moving equipment, Oil exploration, Defense and Aerospace etc.

SWOT ANALYSIS
10

The word SWOT consists of four different aspects viz.

S
W

STRENGTH

WEAKNESS
O

OPPORTUNITIES

THREATS

Overall evaluation of a companys Strengths, Weakness, Opportunities

and Threats is called SWOT Analysis. SWOT Analysis of ECHJAY INDUSTRIES is as
follows.
STRENGTH:
Machine: Using most advance machines of the world.
o 80% Machines are fully automatic.
o Contract base production technique.
Money:

Finance has never been a problem for ECHJAY INDUSTRY.

Because of its proper financial management and reputation and
have huge group of investors.

Material: ECHJAY INDUSTRY never faces problem in case of raw material

because of good contact and goodwill in the market.
Other characteristics:
Good Quality Product

High quality manpower

Less competition

WEAKNESS:
High turnover ratio of manpower.
There is workload on workers more than average.
Dies is very expensive, costly and time consuming and also requires high
level of efficiency and perfection.

11

 Due to composite unit, they have to follow all the rules and regulation of
government.
No specific product all based on consumer requirement and their drawings.
OPPORTUNITIES:
Growth and Development of all types of forge product.
Scope for expansion is press forging, machining industries and bank.
Global forging market is available.
THREATS:
No specific product therefore more time required to deliver.
International market fluctuation.
Economic slow down.

12

Introduction
Departmental Structure
HR Vision
Training and Development
Grievance Redress Mechanism
Recruitment
Selection
HR Audit
Wages and Salary
Benefits and Services

13

INTRODUCTION

Human Resource Management is most important and most powerful

weapon for each and every organization. Without Human Resource Management the
company or business cannot work effectively and efficiently. Human Resource
Management main objective is to appoint correct and efficient workers and employees in
the organization. Human Resource Management coordinates all the workers and employees
as per their job and position in the organization. Human Resource Management appoints
right person at right place in the organization.
Human Resource Management is concerned with the people
dimension in management. Since every organization is made up of people, acquiring their
services, developing their skills, motivating them to higher levels of performance and
ensuring that they continue to maintain their commitment to the organization are essential
to achieving organizational objectives. This is true, regardless of the type of organizationgovernment, business, education, health, recreation, or social action.
In ECHJAY INDUSTRY human resource department does the
management of personnel manager handles this department. The activities are recruitment,
selection, training and development etc

14

ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE

Manager
(Mr. J. R. Kikani)

Assistant
Manager (HRD)
(Mr. M. Y. Hathi)

LWO
(Labor Welfare
Officer)
(Mr. Jignesh
Cholera)

PRO
(Personnel
Relation
Officer)
(Mr.Virang
Makad)

HR Officer

Security
Officer
(Mr. S. K.
Sankhela)

Safety
Officer

Security
Inspector

Safety
Assistant

Watchman

Guard

15

Personnel
Officer

HR VISION
Appoint qualitative and potent ional employees and workers.

TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT

In each and every business and the company, training and development is
most important. Training and development increase new workers and employees moral
and confident in new organization. Training and development also increase old workers
and employees work efficiency and productivity. Training and Development is useful in
each and every step in the organization.
Training and Development is any attempt to improve current or future
employee performance by increasing an employees ability to perform through learning,
usually by changing the employees attitude or increasing his or her skills and knowledge.
The need for training and development is determined by the employees performance
deficiency, computed as follows:

Who are the Trainees?

ECHJAY INDUSTRY first gives to fresher employee and workers. They
are also given training to their employees and workers when there is a new technology
introduced in the company. In routine, they are mainly gives to all employee and workers
for increase productivity, efficiency and skill. The trainees are selected from all the
technical department and tailor made training is imparted as per the need of trainees and
make him aware of new technology.

Who are the Trainers?

.
In ECHJAY INDUSTRY, there are mainly given by engineers, supervisor,
HR staff, outside faculty, industry associations etc.

Methods of Training:
16

ECHJAY INDUSTRY is mainly given by two methods i.e.

i.
ii.

On the job training.

Off the job training.

The company gives on- the job training to supervisors and workers when
there is a new technology introduce in the company. It is mainly given by engineers.
The company also gives off-the job training to engineers for increase their
knowledge, skill and attitude. It is mainly conduct out side the work place. It is conduct
in different institutes or in hall.

Purpose of the Training:

The sole purpose of the training is to improve all over technical aspects
pertaining to production like,
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
I.
J.
K.

To increase productivity.
To reduce variation and waste.
To enhance skill.
To make them familiar with the documentation procedure.
To keep them abreast about the Technical Specification (TS) 16949 policy
implementation.
To make them familiar with audit procedure.
To train them to fill up various data sheet.
To teach them to understand design drawing.
To make them acquainted with the latest requirement and expectation of the
customers.
To make them learn precession job.
To make the aware of handling new measuring instruments and technology.

After imparting various trainings, assessment test and evaluation test are
conducted by way of written test, failing which training are imparted afresh till he had
full grasping of the subject.

GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM

17

ECHJAY INDUSTRIES mechanism is very good because any employees

can directly approaches to HR Department for solution of his /her problem or can directly
contact with in personnel department.

RECRUITMENT

Recruitment is the processes for each and every business who are want to
start their new business or the company. In recruitment, Human Resource Department
recruits workers and employees according to the company or business demand. In
recruitment, Human Resource Department finds a job or vacant place in the business or
in the company.
Recruitment is the process of finding and attracting capable applicants for
employment. The process begins when new recruits are sought and ends when their
applications are submitted. The result is a pool of applicants from which new employees
are selected.
In ECHJAY INDUSTRY, Recruitment is done on demand and supply
basis. They are mainly recruit employee and workers when there is large number of units
order from customer.
Source of Recruitment:
i.
ii.

In the company, there are two sources of recruitment i.e.

Internal
External

In internal source, they are mainly use present employees and employee
referrals. In internal source, they are recruit workers, peon, and clerical staff.
In external source, they are use advertisement and contractors. In this, they
are recruit engineers, supervisor and other staff by advertisements.

SELECTION
18

After recruitment process, the Human Resource Department selects a

workers or employees according to the job requirement, knowledge, skill, attitude and
ability. Selection process is more crucial for each and every company.
Selection is the process of differentiating between applicants in order to
identify (and hire) those with a greater likelihood of success in a job.
In ECHJAY INDUSTRY, Selection is done it like selection process. Their
selection process is as under
Select Application
Written Test
Employment interview
Reference and Background Analysis
Selection decision
Take Medical Certificate
Job Offer
For selection of clerical staff, they do not take any written test. And for
selection of engineers, supervisor and other staff, they are taking written test.

HR AUDIT

19

An HR audit is a tool for evaluating the personnel activities of an

organization. The audit may include one division or an entire company. It gives feedback
about the HR functions to operating managers and HR specialists. It also provides
feedback about how well managers are meeting their HR duties. In short, the audit is an
overall quality control check on HR activities in a division or company and an evaluation
of how these activities support the organizations strategy.
In ECHJAY INDUSTRY, HR audit is conducting six monthly. In this,
they are mainly show a
1.
2.
3.
4.

To check manpower according to demand.

To check training and development gives to all employee and workers.
To check recruitment and selection as per requirement.
To check employee and workers experience as per written in application or
document.
5. To check absenteeism of employee and workers.
6. To check turnover of each and every employee and workers.

WAGES AND SALARY

20

Wages and Salary is the compensation an employee receives in return for

his or her contribution to the organization. Wages and Salary occupies and important
place in the life of an employee. His or her standard of living, status in the society,
motivation, loyalty, and productivity depend upon the wages and salary he or she
receives. For the employer too, employee wages and salary significant because of its
contribution to the cost production. Besides, many battles are fought between the
employer and the employees on issues relating to wages or bonus. For HRM too,
employee wages and salary is a major function. The HR specialist has a difficult task of
fixing wages and wage differentials acceptable to employees and their leaders.
In ECHJAY INDUSTRY, wages and salary is given according to wage
rate, skill, knowledge, and attitude. Wages and Salaries are increase annually. In the
company, wages and salaries are differing from employee to employee and depend upon
the nature of job, seniority and merit.

BENEFITS AND SERVICES

21

Benefits and services include any benefits that the employee receives in
addition to direct remuneration.
Benefits and services is fringes embrace a broad range of benefits and
services that employees receive as part of their total compensation package or direct
compensation is based on critical job factors and performance. Benefits and services,
however, are indirect compensation because they are usually extended as a condition of
employment and are not directly related to performance.
ECHJAY INDUSTRY gives different types of benefits and services to
their employees and workers. These are as under
1. Provident Fund:
The company gives provident fund facilities to their employees. In
this, employees contribute 12% and 12% is contributed by employer. In Provident fund
A/c total contribution is 24%.
2. Gratuity:
The company also gives a gratuity to their employee. Gratuity
amount is given to only that employee who has worked in the company for 5 years. In 6
year, if any employee want leave the company at that time he get 15 days salary*6
months.
3. Employees State Insurance Corporation (ESIC):
Under this scheme workers drawn up to 10,000 P.M. are given
medical coverage. It covers the employees and his dependents employee contributes
1.75% from his salary and 4.25% is contributed by the employer.
4. Free books to the employees children.
5. 20% annual bonus on Diwali
6. Attendance bonus every quarterly.
7. Addition medical benefits of Rs. 700 P.M. other than ESIC.
8. Two pair uniform, Safety shoes and other personal protective equipments.
9. Subsides canteen, to pay Rs. 5 per meal and free tea.
10. Wash in allowance.
11. Excursion tour once in 2 years.
12. Sweater in 2 years.
13. 30 days encashment or E.L.
14. L.T.C.
15. 8 C.L.
16. 9 Festival Holidays

22

17. Group Insurance coverage.

18. Co-operative society benefits provide consumer goods for day- to-day requirement
with lowest rice without taking any profit or interest.
In season, wheat, rice, masala, edible oil etc are made available at
easy installment deducted from the salary.
19. Best suggestion awards.
20. Best student awards to employees children from standard firs to graduation level.
21. Festival loan.
22. Other company loan without interest.
23. In case of the death of the employee the deceased family gets every employee on day
salary and an equivalent amount from the employer. For e.g. If the salary of employee
is say 2 lack + another 2 lack contributed from the employer. Besides the funeral exp
is borne by the company.
24. Employment to the deceased son on reaching 18 years of age or after completion of
his education.

23

 Quality Policy, Quality Objectives

Raw Material and Quality Control
Quality Control of Material
Production Planning & Control Department
Product and Production
Production Process
Manufacturing Facilities

24

QUALITY POLICY
(1) We commit to manufacture and supply products, which meet the Agreed quality
requirements of our customers.
(2) We shall work for continual Improvement of our processes and operations.

QUALITY OBJECTIVES

(1)

Enhance customer satisfaction & responsiveness.

(2)

Maintain recognized quality management system.

(3)

Defect prevention.

(4)

Reduction in variations & waste.

(5)

Continual improvement of technology, processes & productivity.

(6)

Enhance technical and operational skills & competence

RAW MATERIAL AND QUALITY CONTROL

25

Raw material and its quality control is most important element for any
kind of products. So, it is necessary for ECHJAY INDUSTRY.
ECHJAY INDUSTRY is engaged in the production of steel products and
heavy machinery so the steel is the main raw material for industries. In other material
they alloy and stainless steel super and aluminum, Alloy etc.
The industry purchases its required raw material most from TISCO the
industry also depends on local units of raw material. The industry purchase Alloy Steel
from Mukund Iron.
The ECHJAY INDUSTRY required about 40000 tones raw material per
month.
ECHJAY INDUSTRY has its own hugs raw material stock yard so the
industries also purchase more raw materials in advance.

26

QUALITY CONTROL OF MATERIAL

Quality Control is a statistical method of measuring deviation from

standard quality by recording sample tests on a chart, which immediately shows when
work is being produced outside previously approval limits. It is applicable to all case
where limits can be worked to and it most suitable for continuous manufacture. It has the
virtue of low cost and of early warning of a failing off in quality. It is a procedure, which
is used for the control of mass- produced articles by the application of the theory of
probability to the results of examinations of samples. A very important feature is that the
examination is made close to the machine and as soon as possible after the articles are
produced so that the results serve to give a direct indication on tendencies in the
production process and enables corrective action to be taken excessive errors arise.
In ECHJAY INDUSTRIES also checked raw material in
laboratory and controlled its quality before it takes in production.
The ECHJAY INDUSTRIES control its raw material quality by
following steps.

Testing & checking facilities.

Chemical
Wet Analysis
Spectrograph

Physical
Universal Testing tensile, elongation,
Yield point reduction in area etc.
Testing at elevated room.
Sub-zero temperatures.

27

 Hardness, Rockwell, Brielle.

Magna Flux
Dye Penetrate.
Ultrasonic
Radiography
Macro, Micro Structures

Dimensional:
Full-fledge standard and gauge room with master gauges and all types of
precision instruments.
ECHJAY INDUSTRIES control its quality of material and products by
spectrograph testing, Microscopic testing and universal testing.

28

PRODCUTION PLANNING AND CONTROL

DEPARTMENT

Production is manufactured by the transformation of raw material into

finished goods. This is how production is done. Planning looks ahead, anticipates
possible difficulties and decides in advance as to how the production best makes sure that
programmed production is constantly maintained.

Need for PPC: It is need to achieve

Effective utilization of firm resources.
Production objective with regards to quality, quantity, price & time.

Objective of PPC:
1. Systematic planning of production activities for highest efficiencies in production.
2. To organize production facilities to achieve this efficiency.
3. Optimum scheduling of resources.
4. Coordinating other departments.
5. Material planning and control
6. Adjusting change in demand.

29

Function of PPC:
A Production planning and control system has many functions to perform
some before the arrival of raw material and tools and others while, raw material under
goes processing. The various functions are as under...

PREPLANNING FUNCTIONS:
Material
Machines & equipments
Method

PLANNING FUNCTIONS:
Routing and estimating.
Loading and scheduling.

CONTROL FUNCTIONS:
Dispatching
Expediting.
Inspection
Evaluation.

30

PRODUCT & PRODUCTION

PRODUCT:
ECHJAY INDUSTRY produces about 100 different type of item, which is
useful in Railway. Automobile industries, petrochemical, defense etc are core sector
industries.
Indian Railways recognize ECHJAY INDUSTRY as Indians leading
manufacturer of steel tubes for broad meter and narrow gauge line in the country
ECHJAY INDUSTRY also meets the needs of overseas railway systems and tramways.
The modern radial and axial ring-rolling machine from winger Durtmand of West
Germany.
The products manufactured by the company are as under.
Spidery gears
Crown wheel
Misfits shafts
Railway tires
Draft key
Crank shafts
Bearing caps.
Gears
Leavers
Out put Shafts
Steering knuckle
Bearing spindle
Flanged yokes & spiders
Hubs
31

 Track roller
Shafts & link cones and legs.
Above all different types of products are produced by ECHJAY steel
industry and as per customers requirements for applications in diverse industries like,
Automobiles, Tractor, Rail coach, Mining, Earth moving. Equipments, Oil Exploration
Defense and Aerospace are also produced by the industry.
Today, The ECHJAY steel industry engaged in the production of Gears for
Mahindra & Mahindra automobile industry.

PRODUCTION:
Production may be defined as the organized activity of transforming
raw materials into finished products. In this sense raw materials can include anything
from rough to an electric motor. The finished product of one industry is frequently the
raw material of another production. There fore includes call manufacturing and excretive
industries.
The ECHJAY steel industry is one kind of such a manufacturing
industry. Today with investments over Rs.150 Million in plant and machinery ECHJAY
INDUSTRY has built in capacity to produce 30,000 tones of forging per annum.

32

PRODUCTION PROCESS

33

R.M.

Cutting

Shearing

Heating to Forging Temperature

Forging

Ring Rolling

Heat Treatment

Shot Basting

Machinery Department

Case Hardening

Packing

Dispatch

First of all the parts of raw material are cuts in the cutting
department as per the require weight, shape and length. Then it goes to the furnace for
heating and after getting requires temperature. It is pressed under which has dies to form
the shape or by hammering the steel pieces to give require shapes. After forged it goes to
34

the heat treatment department to required the disturb gram flow and for Harding. This is
called as heat treatment process.

After heat treating it is passed through feting department and then

machine shape for more finishing and specific cutting and gear cutting.

The gears are check by the inspection department and then it is go

to the packing department to dispatch the goods to the customer.

The whole procedure requires about 4 5 hours time to transfer in

raw material to finished goods.

30% part of whole production of company is exports in European

countries and S.E Asia, Japan, West Germany and Australia also.

To follow above production and procedure, the executives of the

company decide the production and sales pattern

35

MANUFACTURING FACILITIES

HAMMERS:

5 Ton Hammer

PRESSES & RING ROLLING MACHINE:

1000 Ton Press

2500 Ton Press

36

Rolling Operation of railway wheel on Ring Rolling Machine

AXIAL CLOSED DIE ROLLING:

Automatic Controls for the ACDR Line

CNC & GEAR SHOP:

CNC Machining Center

CNC Gear Hobbing

37

 MACHINE SHOP:

Vertical Turret Lathe

Band Saw

Crankshaft Machining

SUPPORTING FACILITIES:

Heat Treatment Facility

38

PRODUCT RANGE

FLANGES, FITTINGS & FASTENERS:

Fully Machined Flanges

High Pressure Fittings

Wide Variety of Flanges

Welding Neck

Slip On

Screwed

Lap Joint

Socket Weld

SEAMLESS ROLLING RINGS & FORGED DISCS:

Forged Rolled Rings

39

Blind

 RAILWAY WHEELS:

CLOSED DIE FORGINGS:

NEAR NET FORGINGS:

Axial Closed Die Rolled Products

40

 MACHINED COMPONENTS AND TRANSMISSION

GEARS & SHAFTS:

Shafts

Gears & Machined Components

41

Introduction
Departmental Chart
Pricing Policy
Channel of Distribution
Sales Promotion
Advertisement
Competitors
Customers List

42

INTRODUCTION

According to Peter Drucker, There will always, one can assume,

be need for some selling. But the aim of marketing is to make selling superfluous. The
aim of marketing is to know and understand the customer so well that the product or
service fits him and sells it. Ideally, marketing should result in a customer who is ready to
buy. All that should be needed then is to make the product or service available.
Marketing is most important for all the companies or the business.
Without marketing the companies cannot sell their products effectively and efficiently in
the marketing. In todays competitive era, marketing is play very vital role. Through
marketing the company sells their products to the customers. Marketing is most powerful
weapon for the company.
Through marketing the company reaches their products at final
consumer or the customers. Marketing is identifying the customers wants and their
expectation. Marketings main function is to identifying the customer and reaches the
product. In the business, all the businesss main aim is to make their marketing more and
more powerful.

43

ORGANIZATION CHART

General Manager

Chief Executive

Marketing Manager

Sales Officer

Advertising
Manager

Purchase
Officer

Sales Manager

44

Import & Export

Manager

PRICING POLICY

Price is the most important factor for all the companies who are
manufacture or sell products. In the company, the cost department mostly decides price
and the board of directors takes final decision. Price is mainly depending upon the
products quality, competitive price and cost. Price is also called as selling price of the
product. In price, there are products cost and the companys profit added.
In price, there are some times discounts and allowances added.
Discounts and allowances are part of the price. Discounts and allowances are special
service and benefit for the customers. The company gives discounts and allowances
mainly to their old customers.
In ECHJAY INDUSTRY, great concentration is given for the
fixation of prices. This decision of pricing is taken by the costing department. But
ultimate or final price is deicide by the board of directors. The manufacturing cost of the
products determines the price of the product. For this, first costing structure of the
product is made and accordingly price is fixed. To some extent, government policy plays
role in fixation of price.

45

CHANNEL OF DISTRIBUTION
Channel of Distribution may be defined as the set of marketing
institutions. Participating in marketing activities involved in the movement of the flow of
goods or services form producers to consumers. In the field of marketing channel of
distribution initiate root or pathway through which goods and services flow from
producers to consumers. Channel of distribution includes manufacture, consume as well
as intermediaries.
The most common routes used for bringing the product in the
market from producers to consumers are as under

Manufacture to consumer.
Manufacture to retailer to consumer.
Manufacture to whole seller to retailer to consumer.
Manufacture to agent to whole seller to consumer.
Manufacture to whole seller to consumer.

In ECHJAY INDUSTRY, there is no any channel of distribution. They

are directly selling their products to their customer. Between the company and customers,
there are no agent, agent, whole seller and retailer. ECHJAY INDUSTRY sells their
products to Defense, Railway, Mahindra and Mahindra, Airlines, and Tata Motors. For
that, they are directly sells their product to their customers.

Channel Levels:
ECHJAY INDUSTRYS channel level is zero level / direct-marketing
channel. They are selling their product through Industrial Marketing Channels. The
company sells their products to the customers. Between the company and customers,
there are no distributors or agents.

Industrial Marketing Channel:

0-level
Manufacturer

Industrial
Customer

46

SALES PROMOTION

According to Masson and Ruth, Promotion consists of those

activities that are designed to bring a companys goods or services to the favorable
attention of consumers.
Sale promotion is an important instrument in marketing lubricant
marketing efforts. Today sale promotion is necessity for all the company who are selling
their goods and services to the customers. It is not expenditure. It is an investment, which
pay rich dividends. It is an integral part of marketing efforts. It covers all marketing
activities like advertising, publicity and personnel selling that stimulate consumer
purchasing and dealer effectiveness.
Such activities are displays, exhibitions, demonstration and many
other non-routing selling efforts at the point of purchase. In short, it is a bridge or a
connective link covering the gap between advertising and personnel salesmanship.
The main objectives of sales promotion are as under

Provide information.
Increase in sales.
Increase a profit.
Keep product name in peoples mind.

ECHJAY INDUSTRY uses sales promotion to such extent. They

promote their customers by offering quality items in various weights, prices and in
attractive packing. They use sales promotion to some extent for purchasing the consumer.

47

ADVERTISEMENT

Advertisement is nothing but a paid from of non-personnel

presentation of ideas, goods of services by an identified sponsor. In the present day,
advertising has become an inseparable par of the business. However the form of
advertisement may differ may differ from business to business.
It is more useful way of the communication between producers and
consumers. Advertising is a paid form of publicity. It appears in the recognized media
such as newspapers, ration and out door hording, billboards etc.
ECHJAY INDUSTRYS market is fixed. There is no need for
advertisement. They have a potential market but now a day they also take the help of
magazines for their products advertising. It spends about 0.3% to 0.4% of net profit on
advertising.

48

COMPETITORS

In Rajkot, there are number of units working in making of diesel

engine, steel, wagon wheel, and forging parts. In Rajkot, there are number of different
types of units which are producing different product but ECHJAY INDUSTRY is one of
the largest private limited company.
In total market ECHJAY covered 95 % in local market 70 % in
regional market and 16 % in national level of market and 9 % in report in foreign
continent.
Gujarat Forging, Dynamic Forging, Bhagvati Industry, Shakti Industry
and other steel industries are the ECHJAY INDUSTRYS competitors in Gujarat as well
as in all over India.

49

CUSTOMERS LIST

Automobiles and Tractor Industries.

Earth moving Equipment.
Fertilizers and Chemical Industries.
Railway & Tram ways.
Ship building Industries.
Heat exchanger and pressure vessels.
General Engineering Industries.
Compressor and Air conditioner Industries.
Nuclear power generation Industries.
Oil refinery Industries.
Petrochemical Industries.
Defense field
Aero space field.
ECHJAY INDUSTRYS reputed customers in India are

General Motors

Tata Motor

Mahindra & Mahindra

Indian Railway

BARC

Godraj

Defense

50

Introduction
Departmental Chart
Financial Planning
Capital Structure
Management of Fixed Assets
Profitability and Dividend

INTRODUCTION

Finance is a more powerful instrument for each and every

business. Without finance any businessman cannot start his business and even cannot
51

thought for new business. Before starting any business, a businessman first of all thought
for finance. Any business finance is needed.
In every business finance sources are different. In proprietors form
finance is coming from owner itself. In partnership form finance is coming from partners.
In private limited company, finance is coming from companys directors. And in public
limited company, finance is coming by issuing share capital or from directors. Sometimes
business form collects his finance from bank as a long-term loan or short-term loan. If
any business want to collect finance as a loan than business may have to show cash
balance or property.
Any business credit and market share is measures in the business
financial possession. If any business earn more profit than this business financial
possession very sound. By this, we can say FINANCE IS A HEART AND BLOOD FOR
ANY BUSINESS.

ORGANIZATION CHART

General Manager
52

Chief Executive

Finance Manager

Assistant Manager

Cash and Bank

Officer

Chief
Accountant

Assistant

Assistant

Assistant

Clerk

Clerk

Cost
Officer
Assistant

Clerk

FINANCIAL PLANNING
Financial planning means deciding in advance for the financial
activities to be achieve the basic objective of the firm. It plays an important role in every
organization. A proper financial planning in present avoids difficulties in future. Financial
planning involves the determination of need of finance in future etc. A proper planning is
therefore needed for the smooth running of the business.

53

In ECHJAY INDUSTRY, finance manager is responsible for

financial planning. The general manager is a person who takes the decision about new
investment and looks in to the problems etc. They use two types of financial planning that
is
1. Long Term Planning
2. Short Term Planning
They planes for five years. They prepare capital budget for years
and divide it accordingly to years then months.
In the company, looking at the capacity of production, sales
turnover, quality and quantity of workers, we can say that ECHJAY INDUSTRYS
financial position is very powerful and their financial planning also very strong.

CAPITAL STRUCTURE

Capital structure is known as financial plan and refers to the

composition of long-term source of funds such as debenture, long-term debts, preference
shares and equity shares.
There are two types of capital in the company,

54

1. Owners Capital
2. Debt Capital
Owners Capital consists of long-term funds provided by the
companys owners while debt capital includes and types of long term obtained through
borrowing. ECHJAY INDUSTRYS capital structure is as under

Particulars

Amount (in lakh)

Capital

Rs. 185.50

Reserves and Surplus

Rs. 90.00

Loans
Secured Loans

Rs. 375.50

Unsecured Loans

Rs. 130.50

Investment

Rs.

0.20

MANAGEMENT OF FIXED ASSETS

In any organization fixed assets is most important. It is permanent

in the business. In modern time allocation of capital is one of the most important
functions of fixed assets. There should be proper and appropriate provision for
depreciation of these fixed assets.
In ECHJAY INDUSTRIES the total fixed assets are as under

55

Land and Building

Rs. 3,65,00,000

Furniture and Fittings

Rs.

Vehicles and Machinery

Rs. 2,50,00,000

Others

Rs.

10,00,000

27,50,000

PROFITABILITY AND DIVIDEND

Financial position described the profitability of the company. If

any company earns profit than it means companys financial position is very good. These
profits should be net of the firm. The companys growth can be visualized at the time of
considering dividend distribution and reserve and surplus.
ECHJAY INDUSTRYS main operations and sales are to the
government. So that it is difficult to analyze. The company generally does not disclose its

56

profit, but its making handsome profit. Pertaining to this unit, profitability is high; its
reserve is also about Rs. 90 lacks. They are not issue preference shares and equity shares
to public. Their shares are divided in the companys board of directors. Dividend is
dividing in board of directors only.

57

 ECHJAY INDUSTRYS different types of training

Study of Different Training Programs from Secondary
Data
Findings
Suggestion

ECHJAY INDUSTRYS DIFFERENT TYPES OF

TRAINING
ECHJAY INDUSTRY gives mainly four types of training to their
workers. These are as under
1.
2.
3.
4.

I.

Need Base Training

F.M.E.A. (Failure Mode Effect Analysis) Training
S.P.C. (Stastical Process Control) Training
Safety Awareness Training

Need base training:

58

Many training are imparted by the HR Department for which vital

factors are a requirement of management to keep their employees well inform about the
latest technology known, operational skills, to increase the productivity of manpower.
On acquiring new technology and machinery, they have required to
keep paced with global technological known and to match competitive world.
For every discipline in subject, HRD has a tailor made training
programmed which are depending upon level of programmed i.e. workers, operators,
supervisors, engineers and shop flour in-charge. The need base training is dependent
upon the latest requirement at a management expects comets work force. HR department
gathers the technical engineering knowledge required for imparting training to their
various categories of employees.
HR department maintains personal files of every individual, which
has complete details of his skill and knowledge. These files are used wherever there is
lack of skill of employee information is gathered as such as employee following in same
category. Training material is then made as per the specific requirement of personal for
such type of training. HR department is taxes the assistance a fixed senior technician,
engineers to generate the material of the training. Subsequently, HR department makes a
test paper for evaluation of its training. This is a tool which can assess a effectiveness and
understanding of the training which is being impartment them. This evaluation test is
clear indication of grasping and understanding of an individual.
After evaluation if it is found that the particular worker has not got
clear concept of training met for him. Such workers are again assembled in the training
hall and refresher course is conducted on the basis of lacking requirement in the
understanding of the subject.
Cleanness and hygiene is another aspect that worker has to made
their around place clean and healthy. House keeping is another very important part of
which price to intend good habits in their workforce to train them about a proper house
keeping of every department.

II.

P.F.M.E.A. (Potential Failure Mode And Effect Analysis) Training:

PFMEA is an advance quality-planning tool used to evaluate
potential failure mode and their causes. It is prioritizes potential failures according to
their risk and drives actions to eliminate or reduce their like hood of occurrence. It
provides a discipline/ methodology for documenting this analysis for future use and
continuous process improvement. By its self, and PFMEA is NOT a problem solver. It is
used in combination with other problem soling tools.

Course Goals:
59

 To understand the role and function of the PFMEA.

To understand the concept and techniques of PFMEA and how to apply it.
To understand the concept of zero quality control or mistake-proofing (e.g.
Poka-Yoke) and its implication for PFMEA.

PFMEA Usage:
The PFMEA is excellent tool for reducing the NC in a given
product or product family. It qualifies the risk in each of the manufacturing
processes and helps us to prioritize the action plan.

Benefit of PFMEA:
PFMEA is designed to assist the engineer improve the quality and
reliability of design. Properly used the PFMEA provides the engineer several
benefits. Among others, these benefits include:
Improve product/ process reliability and quality.
Increase customer satisfaction.
Early identification and elimination of potential product/ process failure
modes.
Prioritize product/ process deficiencies.
Capture engineering/ organization knowledge.
Emphasizes problem prevention.
Documents risk and actions taken and development.
Provide focus for improved testing and development.
Minimizes late changes and associated cost.
Catalyst for teamwork and idea exchange between functions.

PFMEA Timing:
The PFMEA is a living document. Throughout the product
development cycle change and updates are made to the product and process. These
changes can and often do introduce new failure modes. It is therefore important to review
and/ or update the PFMEA when:
A new product or process is being initiated (at the beginning of the cycle).

60

 Changes are made to the operating conditions the product or process is

expected to function in.
A change is made to either the product or process design. The product and
process are inter-related. When the product design is changed the process
is impacted and vice-versa.
New regulations are instituted.
Customer feedback indicates problems in the product or process.

III. S.P.C. (Stastical Process Control) Training:

This instrument use in all the departments for displaying the data
in Stastical form which reflects the entire working in process of department by the
Stastical diagrams like Bar Chart, Fish Bond Diagram, Turtle Diagram etc. These are few
of the training conduct in training hall.
O.J.T., this is known as on the job training. Training provided to a
operators at the place of his operation or working. This is more in a form of practical
training imparted during actual working of machinery/ operation on the spot.

IV. Safety Awareness Training:

This training is made for creating awareness among the worker
pertains to the personal safety and health. This training is information pertain to factors
PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) task base risk assessment, provisional relating to
hazardless process, dangers operation classification of some dangers equipments, first aid
treatment and method, least of application results, types of fire and method of fire
fighting, control on air pollution, safety of overhead equipment system, plant and
machinery safety like safety helmet, safety shoes, hand gloves, goggles, dust mask, apron
lag guard etc HR department conducts safety slogan writing competition to create
awareness amongst workers and best-selected slogan are being awarded suitably and the
signboard of this safety slogan are display in factory building.

STUDY OF DIFFERENT TRAINING PROGRAMS

FROM SECONDARY DATA

ECHJAY INDUSTRY gives many types of training to their workers and

employees in every year. Last year, they have given five different types of trainings to
their workers. This year till now, they have given one training to their workers. These are
given to their old workers. They are also gives a training to their new workers which are
given by supervisors.

61

In my findings, I have collected all information from the companys

secondary data. In that, I have collected information regarding total workers to whom
training is given, department name, subject / topic name on which training is conducted,
faculty name and position, date and time on which training is conducted, venue (Training
place), which kind of trainings are needed by workers and written exam forms.
ECHJAY INDUSTRY has given training to their workers on different
dates. These different dates are as under
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

First training given on 23-03-2006.

Second training given on 12-06-2006.
Third training given on 10-09-2006.
Forth training given on 09-10-2006.
Fifth training given on 05-12-2006.
Sixth training given on 30-05-2007.
This all training details and information are as under

First Training:
1. Date:

23-03-2006

2. Subject / Topic:

Focus of material handling

3. Department:

Stores Department

4. Trainee:

Operators

5. Faculty:

Mr. Rajesh Shah (Supervisor)

6. Time:

4:00 PM to 6:00 PM

62

7. Venue:

Training Hall

8. Training Method:

On the job training

9. Total Trainees:

Male

35

Female

05

Total

40

10. Expected Training of Trainees: (Maximum 3 training selected by 1 trainee)

Training Types

Need Based

F.M.E.A.

S.P.C.

Safety Awareness

No. of Trainees

32

20

63

Second Training:
1. Date:

12-06-2006

2. Subject / Topic:

To change winding from 380 V to 415 V

3. Department:

Generator Room Department

4. Trainee:

Operators

5. Faculty:

Mr. Kishor Sharma (Supervisor)

6. Time:

4:00 PM to 6:00 PM
64

7. Venue:

Training Hall

8. Training Method:

On the job training

9. Total Trainees:

Male

17

Female

03

Total

20

10. Expected Training of Trainees: (Maximum 3 training selected by 1 trainee)

Training Types

Need Based

F.M.E.A.

S.P.C.

Safety Awareness

No. of Trainees

11

11

65

Third Training:
1. Date:

10-09-2006

2. Subject / Topic:

For setting of wage in CNC machine

3. Department:

CNC Department

4. Trainee:

Operators

5. Faculty:

Mr. Rakesh Gupta (External Faculty)

6. Time:

3:00 PM to 6:00 PM

7. Venue:

Training Hall

8. Training Method:

On the job training

10. Total Trainees:

Male

20

Female

66

Total

20

10. Expected Training of Trainees: (Maximum 3 training selected by 1 trainee)

Training Types

Need Based

F.M.E.A.

S.P.C.

Safety Awareness

No. of Trainees

13

10

12

67

11. Main Points in the training:

How to open the lock bolt of wedge?
How to set the wedge?
What is the importance of wiper of slides?

Forth Training:
1. Date:

09-10-2006

2. Subject / Topic:

How to do thrust ball by load?

3. Department:

Gear Section

4. Trainee:

Operators

5. Faculty:

Mr. Jaisukh Dodia (Supervisor)

68

6. Time:

4:00 PM to 5:30 PM

7. Venue:

Training Hall

8. Training Method:

On the job training

12. Total Trainees:

Male

30

Female

Total

32

10. Expected Training of Trainees: (Maximum 3 training selected by 1 trainee)

Training Types

Need Based

F.M.E.A.

S.P.C.

Safety Awareness

No. of Trainees

25

27

18

69

70

Fifth Training:
1. Date:

05-12-2006

2. Subject / Topic:

Care taken in electrical connection.

3. Department:

All

4. Trainee:

Operators

5. Faculty:

Mr. Prakash Patel (Supervisor)

6. Time:

3:00 PM to 5:30 PM

7. Venue:

Training Hall

8. Training Method:

On the job training

13. Total Trainees:

Male

22

Female

Total

25

71

10. Expected Training of Trainees: (Maximum 3 training selected by 1 trainee)

Training Types

Need Based

F.M.E.A.

S.P.C.

Safety Awareness

No. of Trainees

15

13

18

72

Sixth Training:
1. Date:

30-05-2007

2. Subject / Topic:

Rough Turning

3. Department:

Axial Closed Die Rolling

4. Trainee:

Operators

5. Faculty:

Mr. Haresh Mehta (Supervisor)

6. Time:

4:00 PM to 5:30 PM

7. Venue:

Training Hall

8. Training Method:

On the job training

14. Total Trainees:

Male

33

Female

Total

35

73

10. Expected Training of Trainees: (Maximum 3 training selected by 1 trainee)

Training Types

Need Based

F.M.E.A.

S.P.C.

Safety Awareness

No. of Trainees

27

23

20

15

74

FINDINGS

Total Expected Training of Trainees:

Training Types

Need Based

F.M.E.A.

S.P.C.

Safety Awareness

Total no. of Trainees

123

80

33

94

Total Expected Training of Trainees

140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0

123
94

80
33

Need Based

F.M.E.A.

75

S.P.C.

Safety
Awareness

As per above table, we can say that ECHJAY INDUSTRYS trainees are
needed more NEED BASE TRAINING i.e. 123 trainees.

After that, they needed SAFETY AWARENESS, F.M.E.A. (Failure Mode

Effect Analysis) and S.P.C. (Stastical Process Control) i.e. 94, 80 and 33
trainees respectively.

In this two-months, I have found that the companys employees and

management are very much cooperative and honest with their workers as
well as with me.

I have shown that employees and management take personal interest in their
workers and gives all types of facilities to their workers.

I have also found that the companys workers are highly satisfied with their
management.

76

SUGGESTION

HR Department has to increase their number of training programmed and gives

more training on NEED BASE TRAINING. In each training programmed, I have
found that maximum trainees needed NEED BASE TRAINING i.e. 123.

HR Department also has to increase their training programmed in SAFETY

AWARENESS, F.M.E.A. and S.P.C..

HR Department should gives training to their all department workers every month.
In one month, they should given one department.

77

APPENDIX

Training Attendance Sheet

Written examination papers of training programs

78

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Web Site:
www.echjayindustries.com

Books:

Human Resources and Personnel (K. Aswathappa)

Marketing Management (Philip Kotler)
Finance Management (Khan And Jain)
Production Management (K. Aswathappa)

ECHJAY INDUSTIES documents.

79