MEANING AND CHARACTERISTICS OF RESEARCH

Meaning of Research
Research is defined as the scientific investigation of phenomena which includes
collection, presentation, analysis and interpretation of facts that lines an individuals
speculation with reality.
Characteristics of Research
1.
Empirical. Research is based on direct experience or observation by the
researcher.
2.

Logical. Research is based on valid procedures and principles.

3.
Cyclical. Research is a cyclical process because it starts with a problem and
ends with a problem.
4.
Analytical. Research utilizes proven analytical procedures in gathering the
data, whether historical, descriptive, experimental and case study.
5.

Critical. Research exhibits careful and precise judgment.

6.
Methodical. Research is conducted in a methodical manner without bias using
systematic method and procedures.
7.
Replicability. The research design and procedures are replicated or repeated to
enable the researcher to arrive at valid and conclusive results.
Qualities of a Good Researcher
1.

Research-oriented

2.

Efficient

3.

Scientific

4.

Effective

5.

Active

6.

Resourceful

7.

Creative

8.

Honest

9.

Economical

10. Religious
Characteristics of the Researcher
1.
Intellectual Curiosity. A researcher undertakes a deep thinking and inquiry of
the things, and situations around him.
2.
Prudence. The researcher is careful to conduct his research study at the right
time and at the right place wisely, efficiently, and economically.
3.
Healthy Criticism. The researcher is always doubtful as to the truthfulness of
the results.
4.
Intellectual Honesty. An intelligent researcher is honest to collect or gather
data or facts in order to arrive at honest results.
5.
Intellectual Creativity A productive and resourceful investigator always
creates new researches.
Values of Research to Man
1.

Research improves the quality of life.

2.

Research improves instruction.

3.

Research improves students achievement.

4.

Research improves teachers competence.

5.

Research satisfies mans needs.

6.

Research reduces the burden of work.

7.

Research has deep-seated psychological aspects.

8.

Research improves the exportation of food products.

9.
Research responds to the economic recovery and austerity measure of the
country.
10. Research trains graduates to become responsive to the economic development
of the country and to compete globally.
Types of Research
1.
Basic Research. This is also called as fundamental research or pure
research. It seeks to discover basic truths or principles.
Examples:

Boyles Law

Charles Law

Archimedes Principle

Hookes Law

Newtons Law

2.
Applied Research. This type of research involves seeking new applications of
scientific knowledge to the solution of a problem, such as a development of a new
system or procedure, new device, or new method in order to solve the problem.
3.
Developmental Research. This is a decision-oriented research involving the
application of the steps of the scientific method in response to an immediate need
to improve existing practices.
Classification of Research
1.
Library Research. This is done in the library where answers to specific
questions or problems of the study are available.
2.

Field Research. Here, research is conducted in a natural setting.

3.
Laboratory Research. The research is conducted in artificial or controlled
conditions by isolating the study in a thoroughly specified and equipped area. The
purposes are: (1) to test hypotheses derived from theory, (2) to control variance
under research conditions, and (3) to discover the relations between the dependent
and the independent.