Raw and waste water treatment

Producing sugar and bioethanol is a water intensive process. Optimizing the raw water and waste
water treatment helps you operate cost-effectively while also helping to achieve your environmental
targets.

Raw water Treatment

Raw water treatment is used to optimize most water-based industrial processes within the sugar
industry, such as heating, cooling, processing, cleaning and rinsing. The ultimate goal is to reduce
operating costs and risks. Poor water treatment can cause serious damage both to the process and
the final results. Surfaces of pipes and vessels can be affected by corrosion and steam boilers can
scale up or corrode.
We will help you to deal with numerous water treatment challenges within your production process.

Waste water Treatment

Waste water treatment within the sugar and bioethanol industry is an essential part of environmental
protection. Since our products already are widely used in raw water treatment plants, it was natural
that our coagulants would be used in the wastewater treatment as well. Continuous development of
our products, product portfolio and application know-how will support you to be as effective as
possible in waste water treatment.

We offer a wide range of water treatment chemicals that improve:

Nutrient removal

BOD/COD removal

Suspended Solids removal

Color removal

Others (sulfide removal, heavy metal removal, etc.)

Sludge dewatering
Our products can each be used individually or as part of a complete solution that will support
customer applications such as:

DesinFix - The environmentally friendly disinfection system

Kemira FilamentEx - Our solution against filamentous bacteria

Kemira H2S-Guard - The tool for odor and corrosion control

Kemira's biogas program - Enhancement for your biogas production

Applications

APPLICATION

BOD and COD removal

BOD and COD removal is an essential function of every waste water treatment plant. Chemical
treatment with Kemira's flocculants and coagulants enables you to increase your plant capacity.
Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) are two different ways to
measure how much oxygen the water will consume when it enters the recipient. In both cases the
oxygen-consuming substances are mainly of organic origin. These substances should be reduced to
a minimum in the wastewater treatment plant. Industries normally focus more on COD and
municipalities more on BOD removal.
With chemical treatment, removal of COD is improved at basically all kinds of wastewater plants.
The more particle-bound COD, the more efficient the removal rate. Our products can separate some
dissolved substances as well, but when the COD consists of small organic molecules a biological
treatment process is normally preferred.
If our products are used before the secondary treatment, the biological process will work more
efficiently and consume less energy. Or if needed, the plant capacity can be increased without any
major investments. A wastewater treatment plant using chemicals to support BOD/COD removal will
always be the most compact plant and leave the smallest possible environmental footprint.

Key features & benefits

Lower investment needed for more compact treatment plants

Improved treatment capacity of existing processes combining chemistry and biology

APPLICATION

Bulking sludge and foam control

The formation of bulking sludge and foam in a biological process is mainly due to excessive
presence of filamentous bacteria. Kemira FilamentEx has been developed to address these
problems and bring stability back to the wastewater process.
The solution to control bulking sludge and foaming problems caused by filamentous bacteria
The formation of bulking sludge and foam in a biological process is mainly due to excessive
presence of filamentous bacteria. Kemira FilamentEx has been developed to address these
problems and bring stability back to the wastewater process.
Kemira FilamentEx offers a superior way of promoting a healthy micro-flora to avoid bulking sludge
and foam. Experience shows that the treatment must be resolute and determined. Otherwise there is
a risk of environmental damage and foam overflow problems and, in the worst cases, process failure
and lower treatment capacity.

Tailor-made treatments
Kemira FilamentEx is built on deep experience, knowledge, research and analysis. This makes it
possible to correctly diagnose your problem, draw the right conclusions and come up with a wellbalanced treatment.

To prevent formation of bulking sludge and foam, our program includes:

chemical, physical, and biological analysis

expert recommendations

treatment

follow-up

Key features & benefits

stabilized process conditions

lower total operational costs

APPLICATION

Color removal
Chemical coagulation is an effective method to reduce the color levels of the raw or waste water. Our
in-depth knowledge from different types of water sources around the world will help you to solve your
color problems.
Color is often caused by dissolved organic matter, e.g. humic and fulvic acids (organic
decomposition products from vegetation). It can also be a result of impurities of minerals such as
iron and manganese.
The color level can often be a good indicator of the organic content of water. If color is caused by
organic matter, there is often a relation between color intensity and the level of organic content.
Reduced color, and hence reduction of the organic matter in the water, is therefore an important
parameter to control to prevent damage to the industrial process.
Chemical coagulation is an effective method to reduce the color level of the raw water. Our in-depth
knowledge from different types of water sources around the world will help you to solve your color
problems.

Key features & benefits

Process know-how to resolve specific water quality problems

Improved water quality with lower turbidity and color

APPLICATION

Desalination and water reuse

With Kemira membrane program, water production can be maximized and operational costs
reduced. Kemira has deep understanding of water treatment, from troubleshooting to holistic
solutions, securing safe, cost-efficient and fluent RO-operation.
The Kemira membrane program is a combination of application know-how and high performance
products. It enables you to optimize the whole water reuse or desalination process from water intake
to the post-treatment in a better way.

With Kemira membrane program, your water production can be maximized and operational costs
reduced. Kemira supports you with deep understanding of water treatment from troubleshooting to
holistic solutions, giving safe, cost-efficient and fluent RO-operations. We offer application knowhow, mobile pilot plants and laboratory facilities for membranes and deposits analysis to support the
optimal performance of your membrane system used in water reuse or desalination.

Key features & benefits

Cleaner membranes for longer time

Constant or increased flux and recovery rates

Increased operation time between cleaning of membranes

Reduced energy consumption of the process

Reduced total costs

APPLICATION

Disinfection with Kemira DesinFix

DesinFix is a highly-effective and chlorine-free disinfection technology which meets your needs and
those of the environment. Water disinfection can now be easy and safe.
Clean water is a scarce resource as well as a global necessity. Kemira is committed to developing
efficient and innovative technologies for the purification of wastewater. Disinfection enables
compliance with legislation covering bacteria levels in effluents being discharged. However, different
means of disinfection vary in terms of price, environmental impact, energy consumption and
installation cost.
Kemira is proud to present DesinFix a state-of-the-art, chlorine-free disinfection technology
meeting your needs, and those of the environment.
DesinFix is a complete disinfection technology including chemicals, equipment and related services.
It is developed for waste water disinfection and water reuse applications such as:

agricultural and landscape irrigation

recreational applications (meeting the requirements of the EU bathing water directive)

industrial water reuse applications such as disinfection of internal process water

Key features & benefits

No harmful disinfection by-products are formed

Safe storage, handling and dosing of chemicals

APPLICATION

Metals removal
Heavy metals are in most cases adsorbed by suspended solids but they can also be dissolved. By
combining Kemira's coagulants and flocculants the water treatment becomes more efficient and the
treatment plant can be made more compact.
Our products are commonly used for precipitation of heavy metals in different water treatment
applications. We can remove both particle-bound and dissolved heavy metals. By combining our
coagulants and flocculants the treatment becomes more efficient and the treatment plant can be
made more compact.
We also offer products that can be used for reduction or oxidation of metal ions to make them easier
to separate. For some selected heavy metals we are also able to offer adsorbents as an alternative
treatment method.

Key features & benefits

Thorough analysis to determine the best performing chemistry

Reliable and continuous supply of treatment chemicals

APPLICATION

Nutrient removal
Phosphorus and nitrogen are the main nutrients encouraging eutrophication in water bodies. Using
Kemiras high quality water chemicals like iron and aluminum coagulants or carbon sources we are
able to improve water quality all over the world.
Phosphorus and nitrogen are the main nutrients encouraging the growth of organic matter and algae
which cause eutrophication in water bodies. Water quality is now improving in water bodies all over
the world in areas like the Baltic Sea thanks to projects that reduce phosphorus discharge from
wastewater treatment plants.

Phosphorus removal
The dominating process for the removal of phosphorus is chemical precipitation. Typically it is done
with aluminum and iron coagulants before the biological treatment but phosphorus can also be
precipitated in the biological treatment or as the final step of the treatment process. Kemira has
developed a broad range of both aluminum and iron coagulants, or even tailor-made blends with our
organic flocculants, with which we are able to provide the best product performance over a large
range of process conditions.

Nitrogen removal
Nitrogen in wastewater mainly takes the form of ammonia, an ion that is difficult to precipitate.
Nitrogen is therefore normally removed in a biological process consisting of two steps nitrification
and denitrification. By using our coagulants and flocculants before the biological treatment, the
nitrification capacity is increased within existing volumes. We also offer carbon sources for the
denitrification process in many regions. Our products support the operation of a reliable and compact
nitrogen removal process.

Key features & benefits

Efficient P-removal adjusted to the treatment needs

Less energy is used for N-removal in the treatment process

APPLICATION

Odor and corrosion control

Kemira H2S-Guard was developed by Kemira to provide a reliable and proactive solution to odor
and corrosion problems. It's a complete package consisting of chemicals, equipment, web access
and full service.
Odor issues and corrosion of concrete pipes are two common challenges in waste water treatment.
In most cases they are caused by the same chemical substance, hydrogen sulfide, H 2S. Being able
to measure and control the hydrogen sulfide at, or near, the point of nuisance is essential to prevent
the problem from occurring.

We know the cause of odor and corrosion and we

have the solution
Kemira H2S-Guard was developed to provide a reliable and proactive solution to odor and corrosion
problems. All the required steps measurement, monitoring and control to combat the problematic

hydrogen sulfide have been neatly packed in one solution. Our approach is not to add large
quantities of chemical products, as this is neither an effective nor, in the long-term, a sustainable
method.
The Kemira H2S-Guard is a complete package consisting of chemicals, equipment, installation, web
access to all results, service, maintenance, training and education.

Key features & benefits

Easy monitoring and web access to all relevant data

Smart product solutions

APPLICATION

Scale prevention
Wherever water or sludge streams are handled the formation of scale is an eminent problem. Kemira
has developed a large product portfolio of antiscalants to meet the various needs for cleaning or
preventing your equipment from forming this mineral scale.
In various industrial plants where water, sludge or other product streams are handled the formation
of scale is an eminent problem. Clogging of pipes, less efficient heat transfer or even breakdown of
heat exchangers, loss of function, cost for cleaning, damage to the equipment such as centrifuges,
pumps, sensors and valves are just some of the long list of negative impacts that can occur.
To counter these impacts, Kemira has developed a large product portfolio of antiscalants which meet
the various needs for cleaning or preventing this mineral scale formation on your valuable
equipment.

Anaerobic digestion - KemGuard

Mineral scale such as struvite, vivianite and calcite are common in anaerobic digestion processes
and can cause costly process stops and cleaning procedures. The scale which occurs in pipes and
heat exchangers is generated by the release of cations, such as Mg 2+, Ca2+, Fe2+, NH4+and anions,
such as PO43-, CO32-.
Kemira offers a versatile product range of aqueous polymeric KemGuard antiscalants to inhibit the
scale formation in anaerobic systems.

Evaporators in sugar industry - KemTalo Scale

KemTalo Scale is specifically developed for use in multiple-effect sugar factory evaporators. It is
simple and cost effective to use. It helps to prevent the formation of scale inside the evaporator

tubes, enabling milling to continue non-stop for up to 4 to 5 weeks. It also ensures that any scale that
does eventually form is soft and easy to remove, resulting in less down time for cleaning and
therefore more profit.

Key features & benefits

Improved heat transfer and lower energy consumption for pumping

Savings and less time lost for plant maintenance

APPLICATION

Sludge treatment
Our product offering for sludge treatment is unique. A great variety of polymers designed for sludge
dewatering to achieve optimal process results, as well as our iron-based coagulants, gives improved
dewatering properties.
Sludge treatment and disposal of sludge can be very costly. It is therefore important that sludge
volumes are kept at a minimum with a high dry-solids content to reduce disposal costs.
We provide numerous effective products for sludge dewatering. These include a wide variety of
Superfloc polymers designed for sludge dewatering to achieve optimal process results. In some
cases our iron-based coagulants can also be beneficial in this process. A combination of a polymer
and a coagulant normally gives improved dewatering properties.
This is especially valid for biological sludge with low fiber content. In many cases, the combined use
of our coagulants and flocculants also leads to reduced emissions of hydrogen sulfide and ammonia,
for environmental benefits. With our broad product range we can offer one or a combination of
products to get the most out of sludge dewatering.

Key features & benefits

Improved reject water quality

Reduced sludge volume

APPLICATION

Solids removal
Kemira's tailor-made coagulants and flocculants for solids removal provide unique advantages for
solids removal.
he amount of suspended solids in water is expressed as turbidity units. Removal of suspended
solids is one important issue when aiming to produce healthy and aesthetic water. Particles in the
final water affect other quality parameters such as microbial stability and disinfection by-products.
Microorganisms can be shielded by the suspended particles and hence lead to risks of inadequate
disinfection efficiency, especially if ultraviolet light (UV) is being used.
We have developed coagulants with unique properties for removing suspended solids. Tailor-made
coagulants and flocculants designed for suspended solids removal can give you exceptionally low
residual particle matter. Our long experience in developing pre-polymerized coagulants has made us
the number one supplier of coagulants in the world.

Key features & benefits

Safer water quality with certified chemicals

Pre-polymerized coagulants for best results