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Hardware Installation
MN20
Version 27.xx for THESYS Controller
Version 30.xx for NMX Digital Service Manager
ii
Disclaimer
Harmonic Inc. reserves the right to change any products described herein at any time, and
without prior notice. Harmonic assumes no responsibility or liability arising from the use of the
products described herein, except as expressly agreed to in writing by Harmonic. The use and
purchase of this product does not convey a license under any patent rights, copyrights, trademark
rights, or any intellectual property rights of Harmonic. Nothing hereunder constitutes a
representation or warranty that using any products in the manner described herein will not
infringe any patents of third parties.
Trademark Acknowledgments
Harmonic and all Harmonic product names are trademarks of Harmonic Inc. All other trademarks
are the property of their respective owners.
iii
Agency Approval
FCC
cTUV-us mark
European
Standards
Agency Approval
CE
Safety: EN 60950
TUV-GS-Mark, CE
iv
Table of Contents
Preface
1
Introduction
Network Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Basic System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Redundant System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Digital Turnaround System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Related Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Input Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
MediaView Encoders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
CAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Modulators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Communications Link . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Network Management Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
THESYS Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
NMX Digital Service Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
DiviTrackXE Statistical Multiplexing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Preventing Remultiplexer Oversubscription . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
DiviTrackXE Minimum Software Version Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Specifications
General Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Environmental Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Back Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Optional 48 VDC Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
AC Power Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
vi Table of Contents
Fuse Holder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diagnostic Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ethernet Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fault Relay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
M2P Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
M2S Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Power Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hardware Installation
Unpacking the Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installing the Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ESD Safety Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installing a Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rack Mounting the Remultiplexer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chassis Warnings for Rack Mounting and Servicing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rack Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cooling and Airflow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Floor Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Computer Rack Stabilization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rack-Mount Kit Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mounting the Remultiplexer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Attaching the Rack Rails . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Attaching the Support Brackets to the Rail and Chassis . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Attaching the Chassis to the Rack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cabling the Remultiplexer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Connecting the Ethernet Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Connecting Input Devices to a Remultiplexer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Connecting a Remultiplexer to an Output Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Connecting Power Cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
AC Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
48 VDC Power Supply (Optional) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15
15
16
16
17
18
19
21
22
22
22
23
23
24
24
25
25
25
26
26
27
28
29
30
30
32
32
33
33
Modules
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Module Slot Assignments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Environmental Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Module Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Access Control Module (ACM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Using the ACM in a CAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Entitlement Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Control Word Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35
36
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Preface
This manual describes the Harmonic MN20 remultiplexer and how it fits
into your network. This guide also describes hardware features,
components, modules, and cables. For information about configuring
your network management system, see the THESYS Controller Installation
and Startup guide or the NMX Installation and Startup guide and their
related online help.
Before using this guide, you should be familiar with digital transmission
technology, multiplexing, and the type of delivery system you are using
(satellite, cable, MMDS, terrestrial broadcast, or xDSL).
Manual Contents
This guide contains the following topics:
xii
Preface
Chapter 1
Introduction
This chapter describes how the MediaNode MN20 remultiplexer fits into
your system network. The MN20 remultiplexer accepts MPEG-2 transport
streams from multiple encoders, other remultiplexers, servers, or
switches and combines them into one or more transport streams. The
remultiplexer then outputs them to delivery systems such as cable,
broadcast, satellite, MMDS, or an ATM, or IP network. See Chapter 4,
Modules, for information about the physical input and output ports
supported on the MN20 remultiplexer.
In addition to combining transport streams, a remultiplexer serves as:
2 Network Overview
CHAPTER 1
Network Overview
The following sections describe sample networks of basic systems,
redundant systems, and digital turnaround systems. Design your network
systems so that traffic flow is reasonable. Additionally, you might want to
change all timeout alarms to be non-service-affecting.
Basic System
This figure illustrates a basic program delivery system with audio and
video encoded by Harmonic DiviCom encoders and data or pre-encoded
data connected to the MN20 remultiplexer inputs. The remultiplexer
combines the streams and outputs the combined stream to a modulator
for transmission over a communications link such as cable, a satellite, or
a terrestrial broadcast system. The subscriber receives and decodes the
signal with a set-top box.
Introduction
Network Overview 3
Redundant System
Install redundant MN20 remultiplexers to guard against a service loss if a
remultiplexer fails. The following illustration of a headend depicts a single
backup for a primary remultiplexer using an A/B switch, such as a
Universal IF switch. Other components, such as the modulator and the
encoders, also have redundant pairs.
4 Related Equipment
CHAPTER 1
After the MN20 receives the various input signals, the remultiplexer
provides the necessary program grooming and scrambling. The MN20
then outputs transport streams to a delivery system.
Note: When the input source to the MN20 is a digital turnaround feed
with multiple VBR streams, and the output of the MN20 is configured to
use only a subset of the digital turnaround input streams, each of the
input streams must be set up to provision for the peak rate. Defining
each of the streams with the nominal rate may not be sufficient, and an
oversubscription alarm may occur.
Related Equipment
In addition to the MN20 remultiplexer, a typical MPEG-2 encoding
system consists of video, audio, or data input, one or more encoders,
additional remultiplexers, THESYS Controller or NMX Digital Service
Manager, a communications link, conditional access equipment, and a
decoder.
A small system might have a single encoder. A medium-sized system
might consist of several encoders and a remultiplexer. A large system
might consist of many encoders and expansion units with multiple layers
of remultiplexers.
Introduction
Related Equipment 5
Input Sources
Input sources are sources of program material. This includes analog or
digital video tape decks, satellite downlink channels, live video programs,
audio sources, turnaround, or data from computers and servers.
MediaView Encoders
A Harmonic MediaView encoder accepts analog or digital video and
audio and compresses the inputs into an MPEG-2 elementary stream.
Harmonic encoders support standard definition (SD) or high definition
(HD) video, depending on the model.
See the guide that came with your encoder for more information.
Switches
When using switches with encoders, an audio/video routing switch
routes the outputs from several video sources to a backup encoder. For
example, the Leitch System XPlus routing switch provides the ability to
select one input from many for a backup encoder.
When using switches with remultiplexers, use an A/B switch for 1:1
redundancy. See your management systems online help for more
information about switches within your network.
CAS
A conditional access system (CAS) scrambles programming material and
allows access to the descrambled information to authorized subscribers.
In consumer applications, CAS requires monetary exchange for access to
certain programs. In commercial applications, CAS allows controlled
access to proprietary programs.
Modulators
A modulator is a device that converts the output of the remultiplexer into
a format compatible with a satellite channel, cable, multichannel
multipoint distribution system (MMDS), or terrestial broadcast.
6 Related Equipment
CHAPTER 1
Communications Link
The communications link carries the multiplexed transport stream from
the encoding system to the subscriber. This link is a direct broadcast
satellite link, a coaxial cable, fiber optics system, or any other high-speed
digital communications medium. A common link is a digital-based fiber
optics link fed by ATM switches.
Introduction
CHAPTER 1
If you use a CBR circuit with bit rate greater than 10 Mbps, be prepared
to add an input card to the MN20. Isolate DiviTrackXE pools and
turnaround circuits from each other by using two ARM or RMX modules.
Software Version
MN20 Remultiplexer
v20.xx
s15.xx
g9.xx
MV400 encoder
hd11.xx
MV450 encoder
hd16.xx
7.4x
NMX software
2.0x
Chapter 2
Specifications
General Specifications
The MN20 remultiplexer consists of a main board plus one or more
modules that provide additional input, output, and specialized ports.
The remultiplexer has the following general specifications:
Feature
Includes
Chassis size
4-rack-units
Maximum modules
10 half-width modules
10 General Specifications
CHAPTER 2
Feature
Includes
Program specific
information (PSI)
insertion
Insertion of MPEG-2 PSI into the outgoing transport stream. The network
management system automatically generates PSI and downloads it to the
remultiplexer for insertion. The remultiplexer supports an insertion of up
to a total of 80 tables.
PCR restamping
Presentation time stamp (PTS) and decoder time stamp (DTS) accuracy of
less than 30 microseconds.
Fault detection
High temperature
Bandwidth oversubscription
Specifications
Environmental Specifications 11
Environmental Specifications
The remultiplexer chassis has the following basic physical, electrical, and
power consumption characteristics:
Parameter
Specification
Size
Width
Depth
Height
500 Wa
80 W
Temperatureb
Storage
Shipping
Maximum heat output
Operating temperature
Weight
Empty chassis
Full chassis
22 kg (48 lbs)
30 kg (65 lbs)
Humidity
Operating
Storage
Shipping
Altitude
Operating
Shipping
a.
Up to 10,000 feet
Up to 35,000 feet
This value is the maximum power output for the power supply. To derive the power that your individual
remultiplexer consumes, add the power consumption of the installed modules to the power consumption of
the remultiplexer.
b. The heat that each component generates and the power that it consumes are the maximum values. The
actual values depend on the modules installed in each component. Add the power and heat values of each
installed module to determine the total power and heat values of the component.
12 Front Panel
CHAPTER 2
Front Panel
The front panel of the MN20 remultiplexer features three LEDs that help
you monitor component operation.
The Fault LED illuminates red when the remultiplexer detects fault
conditions that impact normal operation.
Note: The installed MN20 front bezel cover blocks the Fault Fan Fail
LED light from view. Thus, the fan can fail and overheat, resulting in
service outage.
Harmonic recommends that you remove the MN20 front bezel cover
at regular intervals to see if the Fan Fail LED is illuminated.
The front panel LEDs provide status information during boot sequences,
including power-on self test (POST), data transmission, microcode
downloading operations, and system operations.
Specifications
Front Panel 13
The following table describes the status of the LEDs in the order they
illuminate from startup to normal operation.
State Description
Operation (Green)
Transmit (Amber)
Fault (Red)
Power On
On
On
On
Off
On
On
POST failurea
Off
Off
Flashing
Off
On
Finish: On
File download
Flashing
On
On
Off
On
On
On
Finish: On
System initialization failurea
Finish: Off
Fades off
On
Fades off
On
Off
a.
On
Off
May toggle On and
Off when MPEG-2
traffic is present.
On
14 Back Panel
CHAPTER 2
Back Panel
The following illustration shows the back panel with installed modules.
The main board, located on the bottom of the chassis, ships with all
MN20 remultiplexers.
Specifications
Back Panel 15
Specification
Input Voltage
42 VDC to 60 VDC
Current Rating
14.0 amps
AC Power Port
The power port accepts the standard power cord shipped with the MN20
remultiplexer. The power supply is auto-sensing and is rated between AC
100 and 240 VAC at 50 to 60 Hz.
North America typically uses 115 VAC, and many European countries
use 230 VAC.
If you ordered the 48 VDC power supply, see Optional 48 VDC
Power Supply on page 14.
Fuse Holder
The fuse holder contains a 3.15-amp slow-blow fuse along with a spare. If
there is no power to the system, check for a failed fuse. See Fuse
Replacement on page 101 for instructions. Contact Customer Support if
you continue to have problems.
Diagnostic Port
The MN20 remultiplexer does not use the diagnostic port.
16 Back Panel
CHAPTER 2
Ethernet Port
The 10Base-T Ethernet port uses a standard RJ-45 connector with the
following pinouts:
Pin
Signal
Not connected
Not connected
Not connected
Not connected
Fault Relay
The fault relay connects to a Form C relay that is capable of switching
0.25 amps at 30 VDC. The fault relay has the following pinouts:
Pina
a.
Connection
Normally closed
Normally open
Common
During bootup, the fault relay should remain in the de-energized, nonactivated state, sending the signal that service is not available and MPEG
streams are not flowing. When de-energized, the normally open (NO)
contacts are open and the normally closed (NC) contacts are closed.
The NC contacts are typically used to signal a fault condition when
closed.
Specifications
Back Panel 17
After the application software has taken control from the Boot ROM, and
the system determines that all is working properly, the relay should
energize, closing the NO contact, and opening the NC contact. This
means that service is being established and the MN20 is carrying traffic.
Note: If your MN20 contains boot ROMs that are older than THESYS
Controller version 7.08, the software is not able to resume after a power
cycle until THESYS Controller is connected and in control.
M2P Ports
The main board has a primary and a backup M2P port for building
redundant systems. The M2P ports transmit all the data that is input to
the remultiplexer with no program filtering. See Chapter 4, Modules, for
output modules that let you output specific programs on specific ports.
The M2P port uses an external byte-rate clock to meter its data if you do
not choose to use the internal M2P clock. The external clock can meter
only one M2P port at a time. If the M2P clock is a faster rate than the
customer payload data, additional null packets make up the difference.
Note: When you set the output rate of the M2P port, you set the rate for
the whole system. For example, if you set the rate to 19 Mbps, the
remultiplexer can output only 19 Mbps of unique data. You can output
the same 19 Mbps of data on other ports.
A standard EIA-422 cable carries the MPEG-2 transport stream in a byteparallel format. The connectors are female DB-25 D-type connectors.
The following table lists the pinouts for the EIA-422 connector.
Pin
Signal
Pin
Signal
INCLK +
14
INCLK
CLK +
15
CLK
SYNC +
16
SYNC
VALID +
17
VALID
D0 +
18
D0
D1 +
19
D1
18 Back Panel
CHAPTER 2
Pin
Signal
Pin
Signal
D2 +
20
D2
D3 +
21
D3
D4 +
22
D4
10
D5 +
23
D5
11
D6 +
24
D5
12
D7 +
25
D7
13
Not connected
M2S Ports
The main board has a primary and a backup M2S output port. Each port
has duplicate output signals for building redundant systems. The Cypress
HOTLinkTM serial carrier that uses positive emitter coupled logic (ECL)
switching levels carries the MPEG-2 transport stream. The M2S ports
transmit all the data that is input to the remultiplexer with no program
filtering. See Chapter 4, Modules, for output modules that allow you to
output specific programs on specific ports.
Note: The remultiplexer does not use the larger input ports.
The output ports are 50-ohm, snap-on subminiature type B (SMB) minicoax connectors.
The following table lists the pinouts, signals, and descriptions for the SMB
outputs.
Connector
Pin
Signal
Description
SMB output
Center
M2S out
SMB output
Shield
Gnd
Ground
Specifications
Back Panel 19
Power Switch
The power switch, located above the power port and fuse holder, turns
the remultiplexer on and off. Press the 1 on the switch to turn the system
on. Press the 0 on the switch to turn the system off. If you ordered the
optional 48 VDC power supply, which does not have a power switch,
see Optional 48 VDC Power Supply on page 14.
20 Back Panel
CHAPTER 2
Chapter 3
Hardware Installation
CHAPTER 3
Keep modules inside the antistatic bag until you are ready to install
the module in a chassis.
Installing a Module
Each module comes installed on a full-width sheet with a blank panel or
with another module. To install a module sheet, you need a #2 Phillips
screwdriver.
1. Turn off the remultiplexer in which you are installing the module.
2. Remove the protective cover from the slot where you are going to
install the module by loosening the PEM nuts with the Phillips
screwdriver.
Save the cover for future use.
3. While wearing an ESD wrist strap, unpack the module from its
antistatic protective packing material.
Warning: Unpack and handle the modules away from electric
motors, transformers, and other similar machinery.
4. Slide the module into the remultiplexer by lining up the edges of the
module with the slots in the chassis.
Make sure the module goes into the remultiplexer without binding or
scraping other modules. The module should slide easily until the
connectors engage. Do not force the module.
Hardware Installation
5. Use the levers on the corners of the modules to push the module until
the face plate seats.
6. Tighten the PEM nuts with the screwdriver.
Note: There are some restrictions regarding where you should install the
modules. See Chapter 4, Modules, to see the placement for each
specific module.
See your network management systems related online help for
information about accommodating the new module-chassis
configuration.
Mount this unit should at the bottom of the rack if it is the only unit in
the rack
When mounting this unit in a partially filled rack, load the rack from
the bottom to the top with the heaviest component at the bottom of
the rack
CHAPTER 3
Si cette unit constitue la seule unit monte en casier, elle doit tre
place dans le bas
Wenn diese Einheit die einzige im Gestell ist, sollte sie unten im Gestell
angebracht werden.
Bei Anbringung dieser Einheit in einem zum Teil gefllten Gestell ist
das Gestell von unten nach oben zu laden, wobei das schwerste
Bauteil unten im Gestell anzubringen ist.
Rack Guidelines
Follow these guidelines when planning your rack configuration.
Hardware Installation
Floor Layout
A raised (zero-reference) floor is convenient for routing cables; however,
the influencing factor for using such a floor design is its capability for
supporting the weight of the rack. Leveling the racks can make it easier
to install and remove the components. Ensure that the equipment is
properly grounded and that electrical circuits are not overloaded within
the floor layout.
CHAPTER 3
Hardware Installation
CHAPTER 3
2. Slide the remultiplexer, with the power off, on the rack rail shelves
until the front of the remultiplexer meets the rack posts.
3. Align the slots on the bracket with the threaded holes along the side
of the chassis and screw the brackets tightly into place using the
screws provided.
Follow the steps in the next section to attach the chassis to the rack.
Hardware Installation
2. Insert and tighten four screws through the mount holes on the front of
the remultiplexer and the corresponding holes on the rack posts.
3. Replace the front bezel on the remultiplexer by lining up the standoffs
and pushing the bezel until it clicks in place.
CHAPTER 3
The following illustration shows the back of the MN20 chassis. The
number of modules varies depending on the configuration you ordered.
Connect a UTP Ethernet cable from the 10Base-T RJ-45 Ethernet port
on the main board to a 10Base-T hub.
Harmonic recommends keeping Harmonic components on an
isolated Ethernet network for best results.
Hardware Installation
CHAPTER 3
Hardware Installation
AC Power Supply
To install the AC power supply:
Plug the chassis power cable into the power connector and then into
the outlet.
The power supply is auto-sensing and is rated between AC 100 and 240
VAC at 50 to 60 Hz.
CHAPTER 3
Chapter 4
Modules
Introduction
When you order the MN20 remultiplexer, Harmonic installs each halfwidth module on a sheet with a blank or with another module.
The following list groups the MN20 modules by function.
Note: Legacy modules DHEI Input Module (DHIM) and DHEI Output
Module (DHOM) are not supported in this release.
Input Modules
Output Modules
36 Introduction
CHAPTER 4
Modules
Note: If you are using NMX, do not install modules in your MN20 that
NMX does not support. See the release notes that came with your
release to determine what modules NMX supports.
Size
Slot
ACM
Half-width
1, 3, 5, 7, or 9. Cannot be in the
same chassis as a DOM.
AEM
Half-width
Any
AOM
Half-width
1, 3, 5, 7, or 9.
ARM/ARM-4
Half-width
Any
Module
CHAPTER 4
Size
Slot
DIM
Half-width
DOM
Half-width
1, 3, 5, 7, or 9. Cannot be in the
same chassis as an ACM.
EOM
Half-width
MCM
Half-width
Any
MDM
Half-width
1, 3, 5, 7, or 9.
Note: An MDM can also reside in
even-numbered slots if there is an
input card is in the even slot. In that
case, the even and odd slots both
work. See Module Placement on
page 84 for more information.
MOM
Half-width
1, 3, 5, 7, or 9.
OIM
Half-width
Any
RMX
Half-width
Any
Modules
Environmental Specifications 39
Environmental Specifications
The modules discussed in this guide share the following environmental
specifications. For module-specific characteristics, see the
Specifications sections of the individual module descriptions in this
chapter.
Parameter
Specification
Temperature
Storage
Operating
Humidity
Storage
Operating
Altitude
Storage
Operating
Module Configurations
Configure each module through your THESYS Controller or NMX. See the
related online help for more information.
Place the ACM closest to the location of the final output stream.
CHAPTER 4
Entitlement Messages
Entitlement messages enable a given subscriber (set-top box) to display
authorized channels or events. The ACM accepts the following two types
of entitlement messages from the CAS:
Modules
CHAPTER 4
Modules
The following figure illustrates the relationship between ACGs, CWs, and
PIDs.
CHAPTER 4
Features
The following table lists the ACM features.
Feature
Accepts ECMs and associated
CWs from a CAS vendor
Description
Supports up to 60 CWs
simultaneously with a maximum
key change rate of five seconds
Scrambles streams
Fault detection
Port level
Circuit/stream level
Module level
Bus failures
Processor time-outs
Overflow
Underflow
Sync errors
Modules
Specifications
The following figure illustrates the ACM panel showing the data link LED
and the Ethernet port.
Description
Size
Half-width
Power consumption
20 W
Weight
Maximum bandwidth
Ethernet link LED
Signal
Not connected
Not connected
CHAPTER 4
Pin
Signal
Not connected
Not connected
Modules
Features
The ARM and ARM-4 have the following features and specifications:
Feature
Description
DiviTrackXE support
M2S or DVB-ASI
PID remapping
Timestamp adjustment
Specifications
The following figure illustrates the ARM back panel ports.
The following figure illustrates the ARM-4 back panel ports. Notice the
different placement of the Out ports.
CHAPTER 4
Parameter
Specification
Size
Half-width
Power consumption
20W
Weight
4 independent input
connectors
Connector type
Protocol
Maximum bandwidth
75- BNC
Autodetects DVB-ASI or M2S (ARM only)
100 Mbps total for one or more ports
75- BNC
Protocol
Maximum bandwidth
The AOM segments MPEG-2 transport stream packets into ATM cells
and transmits these cells over an OC-3 interface.
Note: The AOM supports a maximum of 34 transports.
Modules
When segmenting MPEG-2 streams into ATM cells, the AOM supports
two modes of ATM Adaptation Layer 5 (AAL5) framing: 8/8 and 5/8
mode. In 8/8 mode, all MPEG-2 packets, including PCR packets, map into
an 8-cell protocol data unit (PDU), two packets at a time. In 5/8 mode, if a
PCR packet arrives first, it is put into a 5-cell PDU to reduce PCR jitter. If
the PCR packet arrives as the second of two MPEG-2 packets, it is put
into eight cells. Non-PCR packets in 5/8 mode map into eight cells, two
packets at a time. PCR packets typically occur in an MPEG-2 transport
stream every 40 ms.
Note: When the VC is full, extra cells sent in the 5/8 mode for PCR
packets could cause the VC to be oversubscribed. When using the 5/8
mode, ensure that there is extra margin for these cells when you
provision the VC. Only use PCR correction in 8/8 mode. If you turn it
back to the 5/8 mode, you may see excess jitter. Thus, turn PCR
correction off in the 5/8 mode.
The following figures illustrate the reassembly of 5- and 8-cell PDUs.
CHAPTER 4
IP Encapsulation
Encapsulation is a common network process for both real and non-real
time data, typically in a headend system that has DSL/IP set-top box
customers who use video-on-demand. The AOM integrates IP
encapsulation and routing with ATM switching to offer layer 2 services
for IP forwarding networks.
Modules
ATM Network
DSL Router
PC
TV + STB
DSL Router
PC
TV + STB
There are several types of IP encapsulation, all of which use the User
Datagram Protocol (UDP) to supply two services not provided by the IP
layer: port numbers to distinguish user requests and a checksum
capability to verify that the data arrived intact. During VC Multiplex, or
Classic IP Encapsulation, seven MPEG-2 packets are mapped into one IP
packet. Each IP packet is then segmented into 28 ATM cells of 48 bytes.
One more ATM cell is added for the AAL5 trailer, resulting in a 29-cell
PDU.
The following diagram illustrates Classic IP Encapsulation.
UDP Header
8 bytes
CHAPTER 4
MPEG
TSP
MPEG
TSP
MPEG
TSP
188
Bytes
188
Bytes
188
Bytes
IP Header
20 bytes
MPEG
TSP
188
Bytes
MPEG
TSP
MPEG
TSP
MPEG
TSP
188
Bytes
188
Bytes
188
Bytes
AAL5 Payload
ATM Cell
AAL5 PDU
Trailer
See the NMX or the THESYS Controller online help for descriptions of the
other encapsulation modes and instructions to configure encapsulation.
Modules
The following table provides conversion factors for MPEG-2 over ATM.
Bits/Second
MPEG/AAL5
Efficiency
MPEG/AAL5
Overhead
155520000
85.3948%
117.1031%
OC-3 Payload
149760000
88.6792%
112.7660%
ATM Payload
135631698
97.9167%
102.1277%
MPEG-2 Circuit
Data
132806037
100.0000%
100.0000%
CHAPTER 4
Modules
Features
The AOM has the following features and specifications:
Feature
Specifications
Notes
General
Modules
1 per chassis
Connectors
ATM
Supports IP
protocol
Supports specific
MPEG-2
encapsulation
mode
VC multiplexed bridged
Ethernet 802.3 UDP/IP
over AAL-5.
LLC/SNAP bridged
Ethernet 802.3 UDP/IP
over AAL-5.
Supports IP
addressing
ATM adaption
layer
AAL-5
CHAPTER 4
Feature
Specifications
MPEG-2 over
ATM protocol
VC bit rate
resolution
User-configurable null
padding.
Notes
Supports both SPTS and
MPTS
Per ATM Forum AMS 1.1
and UNI 1.1
Maximum ATM
virtual channels
(VCs)
125
A VC contains all
components of a service
PID
80 tables
VCI bandwidth
IP multicast-toATM VC mapping
1-to-1
ATM protocol
Framing
Line encoding
Jitter
compensation (no
IP mode)
measured at the
network input
Modules
Feature
Specifications
Notes
MPEG
MPEG-2 transport
stream
MPTS
MPEG processing
power
MPEG-2 streams
(PIDS) per module
SPTS
Maximum processing
power can be distributed
across all output VCI. This
is for MPEG only; ATM
overhead is not included
Multicast: A PID is
passed from an input
to multiple output
services.
Specifications
The AOM comes with single-mode or multimode fiber connectors. The
following figure shows the AOM back panel ports.
CHAPTER 4
Specification
Size
Half-width
Power consumption
25 W
Weight
Tx output port
Optical power
Multimode: 14 to 20 dBm
Single-mode: 15 to 8 dBm
Maximum bandwidth
Tx output port
Connector
SC pair
Cable
Single-mode receiver
sensitivity
31 dBm
Connector
SC pair
Cable
Tx LED status
Off
No cells transmitted.
Green
Cells transmitted.
Yellow
Modules
Parameter
Specification
Rx LED status
Off
Green
Red
Loss of carrier.
Features
The AEM has the following features:
Feature
Description
Analog-to-digital converter
resolution
Asynchronous digital
Compression algorithm
Musicam algorithm
CHAPTER 4
Feature
Digital loop through
Description
The digital audio output:
PCR insertion
Recognizes existing
pre-emphasis
Sample rate
Standards compliant
Synchronous digital
Specifications
The following figure shows the AEM back panel ports.
Modules
Specification
Size
Half-width
Power consumption
25 W
Weight
Balance
Balanced or unbalanced
Clipping level
Connector
DB-9 male
Balance
Connector
CHAPTER 4
Signal
Signal
Not connected
Not connected
Not connected
Modules
Data Format
The DIM receives data as either an MPEG-2 transport stream or as an
unformatted data stream. The DIM converts the incoming data into the
requested MPEG-2 transport format. The DIM output scheduler then
processes the converted data before inserting it into the MPEG-2
multiplexed output stream.
The following figure illustrates the DIM process.
CHAPTER 4
Modules
Output Scheduler
The DIM supports up to eight connections, each with a unique PID and a
transmission rate you assign using your network management system.
The output scheduler multiplexes each connection and maintains an
overall constant output rate. If a connection underflows (does not fully
use the transmission rate assigned), the output scheduler absorbs the
lost bandwidth by assigning it to a flow-controlled connection,
maintaining the overall transmission rate. A flow-controlled connection
uses handshaking to control flow into the buffer (such as RTS/CTS, XON/
XOFF, and TCP/IP).
The following figure illustrates an example of the output scheduler
managing eight connections.
CHAPTER 4
Modules
Note: A tight correlation exists between block size, baud rate, and circuit
bandwidth. Make sure that you provision enough bandwidth to process
all of the data.
When the DIM determines that a TCP connection is inactive, the DIM
closes this connection and reports an alarm. In this case, you must
use a new TCP port number.
When a TCP or UDP circuit is disabled (for example, when you change
bit rates), the DIM will read and drop any data received.
When you provision a circuit, you must ensure that enough bandwidth
is being provisioned to allow processing of all data.
Since the DIM does not send an alarm if serial data is dropped, you
must first stop the source when changing the port configuration, then
change the DIM serial port configuration.
With a heavily loaded input stream (few idle cells), you might need to
physically disconnect and reconnect the input cable to synchronize
the serial port with the input data.
CHAPTER 4
Features
The following table lists the DIM features.
Feature
TCP and UDP support
Notes
Fault detection
Modules
Specifications
The following figure illustrates the DIM back panel ports.
Specification
Size
Half-width
Power consumption
20 W
Weight
Link LED
Parity
Stop bits
Connectors
Male DB-9
10Base-T
Connector/Cable
RJ-45/UTP
CHAPTER 4
Ethernet Pinouts
The following table lists the pinouts for the RJ-45 Ethernet connector.
Pin
Signal
Not connected
Not connected
Not connected
Not connected
EIA-232 Pinouts
The following table lists the pinouts of the male DB-9 serial ports.
Pin
Function
DCD
RD
Received data
TD
Transmit data
DNC
Do not connect
GND
DNC
Do not connect
RTS
Request to send
CTS
Clear to send
DNC
Do not connect
Modules
Features
The DOM has the following features:
Feature
Description
AAL5 support
ATM VCs
PID remapping
Fault detection
CHAPTER 4
Feature
Port level
Circuit/stream level
Module level
Description
Overflow
Underflow
Sync errors
Specifications
The following figure shows the ports on the DOM back panel.
Specification
Size
Half-width
Power
25 W
Weight
Connector
Modules
Parameter
DS3 TX timing port
Specification
A timing connector slaves the timing of the
DS3 output port to a master clock. You cannot
use both the DS3 and the DS1 timing
connectors at the same time.
You can set the DOM to ignore the timing
inputs using your network management
system.
Connector
Function
CHAPTER 4
EOM Redundancy
The EOM supports fully automatic 1:1 redundancy using the Harmonic
Hello Protocol (HHP).
When output from the primary EOM is enabled, the primary EOM sends
HHP packets over a multicast IP address. The backup EOM monitors the
HHP packets from the primary, and does not enable its output as long as
the primary EOM is sending HHP packets. When a backup EOM detects
that a primary EOM is not sending HHP packets, a redundancy switch
occurs, and the backup EOM begins outputting the transport stream as
well as sending HHP packets.
Modules
IP Encapsulation
Encapsulation is a common network process for both real and non-real
time data, typically in a headend system that has DSL/IP set-top box
customers who use video-on-demand. IP encapsulation offers layer 3
services, such as inter-network rounting, while Ethernet encapsulation
offers layer 2 services, such as intranetwork switching.
Networks transport IP data and other connectionless traffic between
hosts, routers, and bridges. The EOM module encapsulates MPEG-2
streams into IP format, adds Ethernet framing, and is then sent to the
backbone network.
There are several types of IP encapsulation, all of which use the User
Datagram Protocol (UDP) to supply two services not provided by the IP
layer: port numbers to distinguish user requests and a checksum
capability to verify that the data arrived intact. During IP Encapsulation,
seven MPEG-2 packets are mapped into one IP packet.
The following diagram illustrates the EOM IP Encapsulation.
CHAPTER 4
Features
The EOM has the following features:
Feature
Specification
Notes
General
Chassis modules
1 per chassis
Module ports
Connectors
RJ45
100 BT
Modules
Feature
Four supported
standards
Specification
Notes
MAC/IP
Auto-negotiation
User-configurable
Disabled.
Supports MPEG
over IP
encapsulation
MPEG/UDP/IP
Wide range of IP
PDU packet sizes
1 to 7 MPEG-2 transport
stream packets
User-configurable
80 tables
Destination IP
addressing
Multicast: destination
address per socket
Unicast: destination
address per socket
Multicast: The IP
destination address is
mapped onto the
multicast Ethernet
address
Unicast: The IP
destination address
needs a mapping
onto the Ethernet
address, which the
operator needs to
provide using a static
destination MAC
address
CHAPTER 4
Feature
Specification
Notes
Supports source IP
addressing,
including virtual
source IP
addresses
User-configurable
UDP addressing
1 to 255
User-configurable
Output bandwidth
Output jitter
MPEG
MPEG-2 transport
stream supported
per socket
Read-only
Maximum processing
power can be distribued
across all output sockets.
(IP/UDP overhead not
included)
Modules
Feature
MPEG output bit
rate
MPEG-2 streams
(PIDs) per module
Specification
Notes
Maximum processing
power can be distribued
across all output sockets.
(IP/UDP overhead not
included)
PID remap
Multicast: A PID is
passed from an input
to multiple output
services
CHAPTER 4
Specifications
The following figure shows the location of the EOM back panel ports and
LEDs
....
Specification
Size
Half-width
Power consumption
25 W
Weight
Connector
Cable
LED Types
(Depending on various
vendor 100-BT interfaces
fitted to your EOM)
Cyclone
ACT
SBS
Modules
Signal
Not connected
Not connected
Not connected
Not connected
CHAPTER 4
Parameter
Specification
Size
Half-width
Power Consumption
5W
Weight
DB-25
Connector
75- BNC
19.392658 Mbps
Protocol
SMPTE-310M
Connector
75- BNC
Modules
Onscreen Display
The MDM supports an onscreen display (OSD) feature that lets you
monitor certain circuit conditions. The OSD feature is available with the
PAL and NTSC video standard. However, when running in PAL mode, the
OSD shows only the PES bit rate information. The MDM sends updated
OSD values to the display every second.
The following table describes the contents of the MDM OSD.
Circuit
Description
Video PID
Signal loss
Continuity errors
Overflow
Underflow
Audio PID
CHAPTER 4
Circuit
Description
Continuity errors
Rate
Video standard
Module Placement
The MDM can reside in the left or right side of a remultiplexer. However,
if it is in the right side of a remultiplexer it can decode only streams that
enter the remultiplexer through any input module that is also on the right
side of the remultiplexer. If the MDM is on the left side of the
remultiplexer, it can decode any stream in the remultiplexer.
Features
The following table lists the MDM features.
Feature
Description
OSD
Modules
Performance Specifications
The following table lists the MDM video performance specifications.
CCIR-601, 8 MHz
Chroma to luma gain inequality
Chroma to luma delay inequality
1.4 mV
10 ns
< 0.7 mV
< 1.4 mV
< 3
Differential gain
Differential phase
< 1%
< 1
Field-time distortion
Line-time distortion
Short-time distortion
< 3%
< 0.4 mV
< 2%
Frequency response
3 dB @ 5.5 MHz
0 dB to 1 dB @ 0 to 5 MHz
Insertion gain
2.9 mV
0 ns
Luma non-linearity
< 5%
> 60 dB
> 65 dB
SC-H phase
< 1
40 to +25 ms
Crosstalk (A-to-B)
(0 Hz to 30 kHz)
< 70 dBu
Frequency response
CHAPTER 4
Insertion gain
(6.8 dBu input pad)
0 dBu
Noise floor
(0 Hz to 100 kHz)
< 70 dBu
Phase difference
(stereo pair)
< 1
SNR
(0 Hz to 30 kHz)
> 65 dBu
THD + noise
(0 Hz to 30 kHz)
< 0.1%
Specifications
The MDM has five ports. It does not use the 10Base-T Ethernet port.
Specification
Half-width
Power consumption
Typical
Maximum
Weight
20 W
30 W
0.5 kg (1.0 lb)
Indicators
Ethernet link alive
Ethernet link dead
Modules
Parameter
Specification
75- unbalanced
4-pin, circular mini-DIN
PAL or NTSC (RS-170 levels); determined by
selected video stream
75- unbalanced
BNC
PAL or NTSC; depending on decoded MPEG-2
stream
600-
Left and right stereo pair (balanced or
unbalanced), and mono
75- unbalanced
BNC
AES/EBU
RJ-45/UTP
CHAPTER 4
Modules
The following figure illustrates unbalanced left and right audio, and the
mono configuration.
Signal
Y ground
C ground
CHAPTER 4
Features
The following table lists the MOM features.
Feature
Description
Independent PID
remapping and filtering for
each port
User-configurable data
rate, packet size, and byte
spacing for each port
Modules
Specifications
The following figure illustrates the ports on the MOM back panel.
Specification
Half-width
Power consumption
Typical
13 W
Maximum
20 W
Weight
Maximum bandwidth
Protocol
DVB-ASI or M2S
Connectors
75- BNC
CHAPTER 4
Modules
CHAPTER 4
Features
The OIM has the following features:
Feature
Description
ATM
Framing
STS-3c or STM-1
Jitter correction
Operations and
maintenance (OAM)
messaging on Tx port
Fault detection
Loss of signal
Out of frame
Loss of frame
Loss of pointer
Modules
Specifications
The following figure shows the location of the OIM back panel ports and
LEDs.
Specification
Half-width
Power consumption
Typical
13 W
Maximum
20 W
Weight
Rx input port
Bandwidth
Connector
SC
Cable
SC
Cable
Rx LED status
Off
Green
Red
CHAPTER 4
Parameter
Specification
Tx LED status
Off
No cell transmission
Green
Cell transmission
Yellow
Modules
Features
The RMX has these features:
Feature
Description
PID remapping
Upstream feedback
Specifications
The following figure illustrates the back panel ports on the RMX.
CHAPTER 4
Specification
Size
Half-width
Power consumption
20 W
Weight
4 input ports
Maximum bandwidth
Protocol
M2S
Connector
The following table lists the pinouts of the back panel connectors.
Connector
SMB output connector
Pin
Signal
Description
Center
M2S Out
Shield
Gnd
Ground
Center
M2S In
Shield
Gnd
Ground
Note: The maximum and minimum lengths for the M2S cable are 75 and
6 feet, respectively.
Appendix A
This appendix describes how to change the air filter and replace the fuse
if the power supply fails.
APPENDIX A
2. Remove the filter from the front plate and inspect it for cleanliness.
When new, the color of the filter is medium charcoal. As dust and dirt
collect the filters color gradually changes to brown.
3. Clean the filter if necessary and replace it.
See Cleaning the Filter on page 101.
4. Replace the front bezel on the remultiplexer by lining up the standoffs
and pushing the bezel until it clicks in place.
Fuse Replacement
The remultiplexer uses a 250 V, 3.15-amp slow-blow fuse located on the
back panel between the power switch and power input. A spare fuse is
located in the fuse cover.
Warning: Always replace the fuse with a fuse of the same rating and type.
Failure to do so will void the warranty and could result in a fire.
If the power supply fails, check the fuse and replace if necessary.
1. Turn off the remultiplexer and unplug the power cord from the
chassis.
Warning: You must turn off the remultiplexer and ensure that it
is not connected to a live power source before removing the
fuse.
APPENDIX A
2. Pry the fuse holder off by inserting the blade at the bottom of the T
on the power module.
If the wire is not broken, the fuse does not need to be replaced.
Proceed with step 5.
Appendix B
This appendix describes how to find and reduce EMM peak data rates.
APPENDIX B
Appendix C
Documentation Feedback
Harmonic is committed to continually improving the quality of our
documentation. To send comments or suggestions for improving this
document, please copy the following page, fill it out, and send it to us.
You can also send marked-up copies of pages in this document with your
comments. Our address is:
Harmonic Inc.
4772 Walnut Street, Suite 100
Boulder, Colorado 80301
Attn: Technical Publications
E-mail: techpubs@harmonicinc.com
Fax: (720) 406-7100
APPENDIX C
When using Harmonic software products, would you prefer printed documentation or online help?
Printed documentation
Online help
Both
No preference
How many times have you referred to the documentation in the last 6 months?
0 - 5 times
6 - 10 times
11 - 15 times
more than 15 times
Would you be willing to answer additional questions about Harmonic documentation usability?
Yes
No
Name ________________________________________
Organization __________________________________
Phone Number ________________________________
Glossary
Numerics
10Base-T
An Ethernet standard that uses a twisted
pair cable, with RJ-45 connectors, often
connected in a star configuration through a
hub. The maximum allowable cable length is
328 feet. A 10Base-T system operates at
10 Mbps. See also 100Base-T.
100Base-T
An Ethernet standard that supports data
rates up to 100 Mbps, also known as Fast
Ethernet. 100Base-T can use twisted pair
cable. See also 10Base-T.
A
AAL5
ATM Adaptation Layer 5. Performs the
functions necessary to adapt frame oriented
data information, such as MPEG transport
streams and IP datagrams, to the ATM cell
format.
ACG
access control group. An identifier that links
control words (CWs), entitlement control
messages (ECMs), and packet identifiers
(PIDs) to a common group.
ACM
Access Control Module. Scrambles data
packets passing through an MN20
remultiplexer.
AEM
Audio Encoder Module. Accepts either
analog or digital audio. Installed in an MN20
remultiplexer, it compresses audio input for
two dual channel or two stereo audio
programs into MPEG-2 audio transport
packets.
AES/EBU
Audio Engineering Society/European
Broadcasting Union. These industry
associations define standards for digital
audio input interface and cables, which
Harmonic uses for digital audio.
AOM
ATM/OC-3 Output Module. The AOM
provides an Optical Carrier Level 3 (OC-3)
output by segmenting MPEG-2 transport
stream packets into ATM cells and
transmitting these cells over an OC-3
interface.
ARM
ASI Remultiplexer Module. Provides a
DVB-ASI interface for the MN20
remultiplexer. It accepts up to four
independent MPTSs in either the DVB-ASI or
M2S protocol. In release 16.xx, the ARM
108 ASI
Glossary
broadcast modulator
ASI
ATM
asynchronous transfer mode. A highbandwidth, low-delay switching and
multiplexing technology for delivering highspeed data, including digital video and
audio.
ATSC
Advanced Television Systems Committee.
Establishes communications standards for
advanced television systems, including high
definition and digital television, interactive
systems, and data broadcasting standards.
B
balanced audio
Audio that is transmitted differentially, that
is, sending the positive and negative
aspects of a data signal so that the data
arrives undistorted because noise is
cancelled out. See also unbalanced audio.
BER
bit error rate. The ratio of bits transmitted in
error to the total bits sent. For example, a
BER of 106 means 1 bit in a million is sent in
error.
BNC
Bayonet-Neill-Concelman. A standard
coaxial cable connector named for the
inventors (Neill and Concelman) and the
connection type (bayonet). Harmonic
components typically use a standard BNC
for various I/O connectors. For example, the
MV40 encoder uses a BNC connector for
its digital audio input.
See modulator.
C
carrier frequency range
For a satellite receiver, the range of valid
input signals.
CAS
conditional access system. Scrambles the
programming material and allows
conditional access to the descrambled
information on the basis of subscriber
authorization. In consumer applications,
CAS allows access to certain programs on
the basis of a monetary exchange. In
commercial applications, CAS allows
controlled access to proprietary programs.
CAT
conditional access table. The CAT informs a
set-top box of conditional access system
(CAS) information, such as the EMM stream
for provisioning the set-top box.
channel
For THESYS Controller, a collection of
circuits (video, audio, data, EMM, and ECM
Generator) that are related to each other in
the program association table. See also
PAT.
circuit
For the Network Management System, an
elementary stream that carries audio, video,
or data. Each circuit is assigned a unique
PID.
Glossary
closed captioning
The process of encoding, transmitting,
decoding, and displaying program-related
text typically on the lower part of a monitor
or television during broadcast. It is a video
feature for users who are in a noise-intense
environment, such as a laboratory, or who
are hearing impaired.
conditional access
See CAS.
convolutional code
See FEC.
crosstalk
The interference of a signal from an
adjacent signal.
CW
control word. A value that the CAS
generates to scramble the program data
stream.
DHEI 109
datagram section
An MPEG-2 section that consists of a
datagram header, payload, and a checksum
or cyclic redundancy check (CRC). The
maximum size of a section is 4096 bytes
with a variable size header, depending on
the type of data.
DB-9
A 9-pin connector used to connect
communications and other electronic
devices. It is commonly used for EIA-232
interfaces.
DBS
direct broadcast satellite. Describes a video
entertainment broadcasting system over
satellite to receivers at the customer (end
user) site.
DCE
D
data link
A serial or parallel transmission facility that
carries the MPEG-2 transport stream from
one component to another.
data stream
The continuous flow of information from
one location to another.
datacast
A system that inserts data into an MPEG-2
transport stream and enables high bit-rate
data download and recovery at the receiver.
The data can be related to the video/audio
elementary streams.
datagram packing
The most effective method of
encapsulation. Datagram packing places
datagram sections back-to-back within the
payloads of MTS packets. Adaptation field
decoder
A device that converts an encoded signal
back to its original form.
demultiplex
The conversion of several intermixed
signals back to the original separate signals.
DHEI
Digital Headend Expansion Interface. An
interface protocol for carrying MPEG-2
transport streams between headend
equipment.
110 DIM
DIM
Glossary
DTE
data terminal equipment. A device that
communicates with a DCE device over
EIA-232. For example, a DTE is a computer
that sends to and accepts data from a
modem (DCE). See also DCE.
DIN connector
DTS
decoding time stamp. A field that might be
present in the PES packet header that
indicates the time the access unit is
decoded in the system target decoder.
DiviTrackXE
The DiviTrackXE system gives some
MediaView encoders advanced warning of
upcoming material by using Harmonic
LookAhead technology, resulting in
outstanding compression efficiency, higher
quality video, and better bandwidth
utilization.
dual channel
A channel that consists of two audio signals
that are related to each other, for example,
the English and Japanese translation of a
documentarys audio. The channel must be
encoded using a common timebase (PCR).
DWORD alignment
Makes the size of each MPEG-2 datagram
section a multiple of 32 bits. Many receivers
require sections to end on a multiple of
32 bits. See also datagram section.
DOM
DS3/ATM Output Module. An output
interface that transmits MPEG-2 transport
stream packets over an ATM interface with
a DS3 physical interface.
downconverter
A device used to lower one or more highfrequency signals to an intermediate range.
See also LNB.
E
ECM
entitlement control message. An ECM is a
message generated by the conditional
access system (CAS). The ECM contains an
encrypted version of the control word that
only authorized subscribers can decrypt.
See also EMM.
downstream
The direction of the communications
service data flow. Broadcast services flow
downstream from the service provider to
the subscriber.
DS3
A North American telephony interface
standard, which operates at 44.736 Mbps
over 75-ohm RG-59 coaxial cable. See also
DOM.
EIA
Electronic Industries Alliance. A U.S. trade
organization that is responsible for
establishing hardware interface standards.
EIA-232
An EIA standard interface for connecting
serial devices (DCEs), such as modems,
monitors, mice, and serial printers to a DTE.
EIA-232 supports the 25-pin D-type
connector (DB-25) and a 9-pin D-type
connector (DB-9).
Glossary
EIA-422
FEC 111
Ethernet
A data link (physical interface) developed
for local area networks (LANs) that supports
transmission rates up to 10 Mbps. Fast
Ethernet supports transmission rates up to
100 Mbps. See also 10Base-T and
100Base-T.
EIT
event information table. This DVB-SI table
provides information in chronological order
for the events contained within each
service. See also SI.
EVIM
Enhanced Video Input Module. Accepts
either composite analog video or serial
component digital video and generates
digital video. When coupled with an MDM,
the EVIM can display the digital output from
the MDM on its digital video output
connector.
elementary stream
An individual MPEG data stream. Each
stream carries a portion of the program,
such as compressed video, compressed
audio, teletext, closed captioning, or
datagram information. One elementary
stream is carried in a sequence of PES
packets with a single stream identification.
expansion unit
A Harmonic product that provides
additional input channels when the number
of program inputs exceeds the capacity of a
single encoder.
embedded controller
A processing unit located within each
component that is responsible for the
control of that component.
EMM
entitlement management message. An
EMM is a message generated by the
conditional access system (CAS). The EMM
authorizes an individual subscriber or group
of subscribers to descramble a
program.The EMM is used with the ECM.
See also ECM.
encoder
A device that compresses digital data
(video, audio, and data streams) into an
MPEG-2 transport stream.
EOM
Ethernet Output Module. As an optional
plug-in card for the MN20 Remultiplexer,
the EOM outputs MPEG-2 transport streams
over IP through a 100 Mbps Ethernet port.
EOM supports 1:1 redundancy.
F
F connector
A common consumer coaxial cable
connector used to connect antennas,
televisions, and VCRs.
FCC
Federal Communications Commission. A
board of commissioners that regulates
interstate and foreign wire and radio
communications that originate in the U.S.
FEC
forward error correction. An encoding
technique that corrects errored data on the
receiving end.
112 FTTC
FTTC
fiber to the curb. FTTC is an access network
that delivers programming to the individual
customer. The fiber is usually terminated at
the curb and connected with coaxial cable
that is usually run underground to the
home.
Glossary
I
IEC power cord
A power cord manufactured in accordance
with standards set by the International
Electrotechnical Commission.
IEEE
FTTH
fiber to the home. FTTH is an access
network that delivers programming to the
individual customer. The fiber is terminated
at the end user site.
IRD
integrated receiver decoder. A device that
combines the capability of receiving satellite
transmissions and decoding MPEG-2
transport stream packets.
H
headend
The distribution point in a TV system.
header
Several bytes at the beginning of the packet
that determine the type of data and other
attributes.
J
joint stereo
Joint stereo circuits have a high degree of
commonality between the left and right
audio signals, for example, a politicians
speech or the monaural audio from an old
movie broadcast on a stereo channel. This
commonality of the audio signals can
improve the amount of data compression.
Hertz
A unit of frequency defined as one cycle
per second. Abbreviated Hz.
HFC
hybrid fiber coax. An access method that
delivers programming to the individual
customer. It combines the use of fiber and
coaxial cable.
HPA
high-powered amplifier. Provides signal
amplification output from an upconverter in
a satellite communications system.
Hz
See Hertz.
L
LNA
low noise amplifier. The preamplifier
between an antenna and an earth station
receiver. For maximum effectiveness, it
must be located as near the antenna as
possible and usually is attached directly to
the antenna receive port. It is designed to
contribute the least amount of thermal noise
to the received signal.
Glossary
LNB
low noise block downconverter. A
combination low noise amplifier and
downconverter built into one device. An
LNB is usually located at the center of the
satellite dish.
M
M2P
The Harmonic MPEG-2 parallel interface for
carrying MPEG-2 transport streams.
M2S
The Harmonic MPEG-2 serial interface for
carrying MPEG-2 transport streams.
MAC address
The permanent identifier for a device. It
consists of six octets separated by colons,
for example, 00:20:A3:xx:xx:xx. The first six
characters identify the manufacturer.
Harmonic assigns the next six characters as
a unique identifier.
Mbaud
Megabaud, which is the signal rate of a line,
expressed in millions. It can also be the
switching speed, or number of transitions
(voltage or frequency changes), per second.
MCM
M2P Converter Module. Converts the
MN20 remultiplexers M2P output to a
SMPTE 310M output.
MCPC
multiple channel per carrier.
MDM
Monitor Decoder Module. Provides the
means to visually monitor MPEG-2 transport
streams through an onscreen display for
NTSC video only. The onscreen display
provides audio and video PID and error
condition information.
MPEG-2 113
mini-DIN connector
This connector, 1/4-inch in diameter, is
commonly used for S-video, for example, on
the Harmonic MDM. See also DIN
connector.
MMDS
multichannel multipoint distribution service.
Uses microwave transmission to deliver
MPEG-2 transport streams to the end user.
modulator
A device that converts a digital bitstream to
an analog waveform compatible with the
transmission medium.
module
A circuit board installed in a component
that contains input/output ports.
monaural
A channel that has a single audio input.
MOM
Multiple Output Module. Resides in an
MN20 remultiplexer and generates up to
four multiple program transport streams
(MPTS), each over a DVB-ASI interface. A
MOM allows a single MN20 to drive
multiple modulators with aggregate
bandwidth up to 100 Mbps.
MPEG
Moving Pictures Experts Group. A joint
working group of the International
Standards Organization and International
Electrotechnical Committee.
MPEG-1
A specification developed primarily for
compression of low-resolution Standard
Interface Format (SIF) video.1.5 Mbps audio
and video data can be stored on a standard
compact disk (CD).
MPEG-2
A specification developed primarily for
compression of CCIR-601 video. The
system layer has support for additional
114 MPTS
Glossary
NTSC
MPTS
MTS packet
MPEG-2 transport stream packet. The basic
unit of an MPEG-2 transport stream. Each
packet is 188 bytes, which includes a
4-byte header.
multiplex
O
OIM
OC-3/ATM Input Module. Receives an
MPEG-2 MPTS over a 155-Mbps ATM
optical interface.
multiplexer
A function where multiple signals are
combined into a single signal. A device that
merges several lower-speed transmissions
into one high-speed transmission, and vice
versa. See also remultiplexer.
OSD
onscreen display. Text, such as the program
number, that is displayed on the monitor
while a program is being decoded.
P
PAL
NIM
network interface module. A receiver
component interface to an access method,
such as HFC, satellite, or ATM.
NIT
network information table. This MPEG-2
table conveys information about the
physical organization of the transport
streams and the characteristics of the
network. See also SI.
NMX
The NMX Digital Service Manager provides
configuration, control, monitoring, and fault
management for open digital television
broadcast systems. NMX supports
packet
A block of data used for transmission.
PAT
program association table. This table
indicates the location (the PID values of the
transport stream packets) of the
corresponding program map table (PMT), as
well as the location of the network
information table (NIT).
PCR
program clock reference. This is an
embedded MPEG-2 time stamp, which is
used as a clock reference value to
Glossary
QAM 115
program
For MPEG-2, a program is a collection of
video, audio, data elementary streams, and
tables (circuits in the NMS) carried on a
channel that share a common clock
reference.
PDU
protocol data unit. A data unit that is
specified in a layered protocol that consists
of protocol control information and layer
user data.
program provider
The entity responsible for the production
and delivery of source program material.
The program provider distributes program
materials through program brokers to
subscribers.
PES
packetized elementary stream. The MPEG-2
data structure used to carry elementary
stream data. The PES packet payloads
consist of data from a single elementary
stream.
PSI
program specific information. A set of
MPEG-2 inband control tables. The tables
contain tuning information, information
about the relationships between the various
elementary streams, and conditional access
information. See also SI.
PID
packet identifier. Integer values used in the
MPEG-2 standard to identify an elementary
stream of a program within a transport
stream.
PTS
presentation time stamp. An MPEG-2 time
stamp value derived from the PCR that
determines when a block of compressed
data should be presented at the decoder.
Each elementary stream (video, audio, and
data) contains a PTS. The decoder aligns the
data from the various elementary streams
using the PTS to ensure that they are in
synchronization during playback.
pinouts
The description and purpose of each pin in
a connector.
PMT
program map table. An MPEG-2 program
specific information (PSI) table that maps the
program number to the PIDs of the
elementary streams that comprise the
program.
port
A port is an input to or an output from a
component, an adapter, or a module.
POST
power-on self test. A pre-configured suite of
diagnostics that verify the operational state
of a Harmonic component. The tests are
automatically initialized and executed
whenever the component is turned on.
Q
QAM
quadrature amplitude modulation.
Transmits 4 bits (16 QAM) to 8 bits
(256 QAM) at the same time by varying the
phase and amplitude of a signal. QAM can
only be used on very quiet transmission
media, such as downstream-only coaxial
cable or fiber, because amplitude
modulation is susceptible to interfering
signals. See also QPSK.
116 QPSK
QPSK
quaternary phase shift keying. QPSK
transmits 2 bits at the same time by varying
the phase of the signal. QPSK is fairly
resistant to noise, so it can be used on a
wide variety of transmission media,
including satellite transmission and
upstream communication on coaxial cable.
See also QAM.
Glossary
remultiplexer
A Harmonic component, such as the MN20,
that multiplexes several MPEG-2 input
streams into a single output stream. In a
broadcast encoding system it can be used
for transmission or storage.
RJ-45
An eight-wire connector such as an
Ethernet connector. See also 10Base-T and
100Base-T.
R
RCA connector
A plug and socket for a two-wire coaxial
cable used to connect audio and video
components.
S
S-video
Separate video, also called Super-video.
Consists of analog video with separate luma
and chroma signals.
redundancy
A back-up system of components that
ensures uninterruptable service in the event
of a component failure.
Reed-Solomon decoder
A device that performs error correction on
the incoming data transport stream. It is a
standard for serial transmission between
computers and their related devices.
SCPC
single channel per carrier.
SCPC NIM
An SCPC NIM provides connection with
narrowband communications channels. It
supports 2 7 Mbaud.
SDT
reference clock
The 27-MHz clock source that is maintained
within a component for the purpose of
timing MPEG elementary streams. At the
source, samples of the reference clock are
used to create PCRs. At the receiver, the
PCRs are used to synchronize the receivers
clock with the source reference clock.
relay
An electrical switch that allows a lower
power to control a higher one. A small
current energizes the relay, which closes a
gate, allowing a large current to flow
through.
section
See datagram section.
SI
service information. A set of DVB tables that
supplements MPEG PSI. These tables
include the NIT, SDT, EIT, and TDT.
single channel
See monaural.
Glossary
SNMP
Simple Network Management Protocol. The
protocol that control and management
software, such as THESYS Controller, use to
configure and monitor Harmonic encoding
components remotely over IP.
stuffing byte
A null byte with a hexadecimal value,
usually FF, to fill out the length of MPEG-2
sections and packets.
stuffing type
Section or adaptation field. Section stuffing
adds stuffing bytes (usually 0xFF) in the MTS
packet at the end of the datagram section to
make up the packet length. Adaptation field
stuffing adds stuffing bytes to the adaptation
field at the beginning of the MTS packet so
the section ends on the last byte of the MTS
packet.
SNR
signal-to-noise ratio. The ratio of the
amplitude (power, volume) of a data signal
to the amount of noise (interference) in the
line. It measures the clarity and quality of a
transmission channel or electronic device,
usually in decibels.
spectral scrambling
A method that spreads the energy over a
range of frequencies so that the periodic or
constant data does not result in high-power
spectral densities. Contrast with spectral
descrambling, which tracks the frequencies
used to encode the data for decoding
purposes.
SPTS
single program transport stream.
SRC
seamless rate change. The ability to change
video bandwidth in a circuit without causing
disturbance, such as coding artifacts or
buffer exceptions.
STC
system time clock. This clock is the
common 27-MHz clock that is used to
create both PCRs and system clock
references (SCRs).
stereo
A stereo signal consists of two audio signals
that are directly related to each other and
must be encoded using a common
timebase (PCR).
STS
system time stamp. A 24-bit, 90-KHz
counter that is referenced each time a
packet arrives at the input port.
subscriber
The end user of a broadcast system; the
person that views programs for
entertainment purposes.
symbol rate
The encoded transmission rate in a
modulated stream, expressed in Mbaud.
T
TDT
time and date table. This DVB-SI table
contains frequently updated information
that relates to the present time and date.
See also SI.
terminal block
A connector used to attach a wire or set of
wires.
THESYS Controller
A Harmonic network control application. It
controls, manages, and monitors Harmonic
components in a Harmonic broadcast
encoding system.
Glossary
VC
virtual channel. A logical communications
channel that provides sequential
unidirectional transport of ATM cells.
VCC
transport stream
U
unbalanced audio
Audio that has a single output with respect
to ground; that is, the output is not
transmitted differentially. See also balanced
audio.
VCI
virtual channel identifier. A unique
numerical tag of a VC. It is defined by a
16-bit field in the ATM cell header that
identifies a virtual channel, over which the
cell is to travel.
UNI
ATM user-network interface. The logical
demarcation point between service users
equipment and network providers
equipment.
VIA
Video Input Adapter. Accepts either
composite or digital video and generates
digital video components for Harmonic
MediaView encoders.
upstream
Refers to the direction of the
communications service flow. The return
communications path traverses upstream
from the subscriber to the service provider.
VP
virtual path. A group of VCs that provides
the sequential unidirectional transport of
ATM cells.
VPC
VBI
vertical blanking interval. This is the space
between the end of the vertical
synchronization pulse and start of the active
video (lines 10 to 21 for NTSC, and lines 6
to 22 for PAL). Digital information, which
can be transmitted during this time is
encoded as pulses in the luminance
information. Information normally sent
includes vertical interval time codes (VITC)
and extended data services (EDS).
A 119
Numerics
1 37
100Base-T, definition 107
10Base-T
ACM pinouts 44, 80
definition 107
See also Ethernet
48VDC power supply 14
5-cell AAL5 PDU 91
8-cell AAL5 PDU 91
A
A/V routing switch 5
AAL5
5-cell AAL5 PDU 91
8-cell AAL5 PDU 91
definition 107
Access Control Module. See ACM
ACG
definition 107
described 41
relationship between CWs and PIDs 42
ACM
alarms 43
CAS support 39
CAS, illustrated 39
definition 107
DES
scrambling compliance 43
scrambling support 38
described 38
DVB
scrambling compliance 43
scrambling support 38
EMM/ECM message flow 40
Ethernet
pinouts 44
port 44
fault detection 43
features 43
injecting EMMs into MPEG-2 transport
streams 39
placement in chassis 36
specifications 44
using with MDM 81
AEM
120 B
header information 93
processing incoming cells 93
ATM/OC-3 Output Module. See AOM
ATSC, definition 108
audio
analog input pinouts on AEM 61
decoding via MDM 81
synchronization 59
audio algorithm 58
Audio Encoder Module. See AEM
B
back panel ports. See ports
back panel, illustrated
ACM 44
AEM 59
ARM/ARM-4 46
DIM 68
DOM 71
EOM 79
main board 14
MCM 80
MDM 85
MOM 90
OIM 94
RMX 96
balanced audio, definition 108
BER, definition 108
BNC, definition 108
broadcast encoding system
cables, layout recommendations 29
definition 108
Harmonic components, described 4
input sources 5
list of delivery systems 1
related equipment 4
service disruption prevention 32
THESYS Controller 6
broadcast modulator, definition 108
C
cables
between encoders and remultiplexers 30
Ethernet, connecting 30
layout 29
M2P ports 17
E 121
MDM 86
MOM 90
OIM 94
RMX 97
control words. See CW
convolutional code, definition 109
crosstalk, definition 109
cTUVus, North American safety approval iii
customer support, contacting 105
CW
definition 109
generation 41
relationship between ACG and PIDs 42
role in encryption of ECM 39
Cypress HOTLink serial protocol 95
D
data formats 62, 64
Data Input Module. See DIM
Data Link Module. See RMX
data link, definition 109
data stream, definition 109
datacast, definition 109
datagram packing, definition 109
datagram section, definition 109
DB-9, definition 109
DBS, definition 109
DCE, definition 109
decoder, definition 109
demultiplex, definition 109
DIM
data formats 62
definition 110
EIA-232 pinouts 69
error detection 67
Ethernet port 68
features 67
MPEG-2 transport streams 63
output scheduler 64
placement in chassis 37
ports 68
processing unformatted data streams 62
purpose 62
specifications 68
DIN connector, definition 110
DiviCast, described 5
DiviTrackXE
cabling 95
definition 110
overview 7
DLM. See RMX
documentation feedback 105
DOM
alarms 70
ATM transmission 70
definition 110
fault detection 70
features 70
placement in chassis 37
ports 71
purpose 70
specifications 71
support for virtual channels 70
downconverter, definition 110
downstream, definition 110
DS3, definition 110
DS3/ATM Output Module. See DOM
DTE, definition 110
DTS, definition 110
dual channel, definition 110
DVB
ACM compliance 43
scrambling in ACM 38
Dword alignment, definition 110
E
ECM
definition 110
described 39
using CWs for encryption 39
EIA, definition 110
EIA-232
definition 110
pinouts 69
EIA-422
definition 111
pinouts 17
EIT, definition 111
elementary stream, definition 111
embedded controller, definition 111
EMM
definition 111
described 39
generated in CAS 39
122 F
F
F connector, definition 111
fault detection
ACM 43
AOM 55
DIM 67
DOM 70
OIM 93
Fault LED 1213
fault relay connector specifications 16
FCC
compliance ii
definition 111
features 75
features, remultiplexer 9
FEC, definition 111
feedback for documentation 105
front panel 12
FTTC, definition 112
FTTH, definition 112
G
green LED 13
H
Harmonic equipment, modifying ii
Harmonic Heartbeat Protocol
see HHP 73
Harmonic, contacting 105
headend, definition 112
header, definition 112
Hertz, definition 112
HFC, definition 112
HHP
redundancy in EOM 73
HOTLink serial protocol 95
HP OpenView for Windows 6
HPA, definition 112
Hz, definition 112
I
I/O
ACM 44
AEM 60
ARM/ARM-4 47
DIM 62, 64
DOM 71
MDM 86
MOM 90
OIM 94
RMX 97
IEC power cord, definition 112
IEEE, definition 112
input data streams, illustrated 62
input/output. See I/O
M 123
installation
components 23
English instructions 22
unpacking guidelines 21
IP encapsulation
calculating bit rates 51
calculating peak cell rate 52
EOM 74
illustrated 50, 74
overview 49, 74
IRD, definition 112
J
joint stereo, definition 112
L
LEDs
ACM ethernet link 44
amber 12
DIM Link 68
EOM types 79
green 12
MDM indicators 85
OIM back panel 94
red 12
status at power up 13
LNA, definition 112
LNB, definition 113
M
M2P
definition 113
output ports 17
M2P Converter Module. See MCM
M2S
cable lengths, specified 97
definition 113
disconnection fault for RMX 10
output clock frequencies 9
output ports 18
MAC address, definition 113
maintenance, fuses 101
Mbaud, definition 113
MCM
definition 113
124 N
RMX 9596
slot assignments 36
MOM
definition 113
features 89
placement in chassis 37
ports 90
purpose 89
specifications 90
monaural, definition 113
Monitor Decoder Module. See MDM
moving the remultiplexer, caution 12
MPEG, definition 113
MPEG-1, definition 113
MPEG-2
definition 113
IP encapsulation 49, 74
OIM transport rate, defined 94
over ATM 47
packet rate allocation 9
parallel output port. See M2P
serial cable length specification 97
serial output port. See M2S
transport streams
decryption of CW 39
EMM injection by ACM 39
input to DIM 63
monitoring via MDM 81
verifying packet traffic 13
MPTS, definition 114
MTS packet, definition 114
Multiple Output Module. See MOM
multiplex, definition 114
multiplexer, definition 114
N
Network Management Systems 6
networking 9
NIM, definition 114
NIT, definition 114
NMX
definition 114
NMX Digital Service Manager 6
North American EMI approvals iii
North American Safety approvals iii
NTSC, definition 114
O
OC-3/ATM Input Module. See OIM
OIM
alarms 93
ATM input support 91
definition 114
described 91
fault detection 93
features 93
MPEG-2 transport rate, defined 94
placement in chassis 37
port LEDs 95
ports 94
processing incoming ATM cells 91
specifications 94
support for ATM cells
5-cell AAL5 PDU 91
8-cell AAL5 PDU 93
virtual channel support 93
onscreen display. See OSD
Operate LED 13
OSD
definition 114
display contents 8283
enabled with NTSC standard 82
error detection support on MDM 82
output scheduler 64
P
packet, definition 114
PAL, definition 114
PAT, definition 114
PCR, definition 114
PDU, definition 115
PES, definition 115
PIDs
ACG and CW, illustrated 42
definition 115
pinouts
ACM 44
AEM 61
definition 115
DIM 69
DOM 72
MDM 88
RMX 97
S 125
Q
QAM, definition 115
QPSK, definition 116
R
rack mounting
cooling requirements 24
kit 26
rack system
cooling and airflow 24
raised floors in system installation 25
S
safety precautions 22
SCPC NIM, definition 116
SCPC, definition 116
SDT, definition 116
section. See datagram section.
set-top box, decrypting ECMs 39
single channel, definition 116
slot assignments, module 36
SNMP, definition 117
SNR, definition 117
specification
EOM 75
specifications
ACM 44
AEM 59
ARM/ARM-4 46
DIM 68
DOM 71
environmental 38
126 T
EOM 79
MCM 80
MDM 8588
MOM 90
OIM 94
remultiplexer 11
RMX 96
spectral scrambling, definition 117
SPTS, definition 117
SRC, definition 117
standards and approvals iii
STC, definition 117
stereo, definition 117
STS, definition 117
stuffing byte, definition 117
stuffing type, definition 117
subscriber authorization system 42
subscriber, definition 117
S-video, definition 116
switch-over, preventing disruption of
service 32
symbol rate, definition 117
system installation
accessories, included 21
computer rack cooling requirements 24
connecting components 24
ESD safety precautions 22
floor layout 25
module handling 22
racks
leveling out 25
safety precautions 25
specifications 23
unpacking
equipment 21
modules 22
T
TDT, definition 117
technical support, contacting 105
terminal block, definition 117
terminal system remultiplexer, definition 117
THESYS Controller 6
definition 118
U
UDP 50, 74
unbalanced audio, definition 118
underflow protection by output scheduler 64
unformatted data streams 62
uninterruptable power supplies 32
unpacking Harmonic components 21
upstream, definition 118
V
VBI, definition 118
VC
definition 118
use with DOM 70
VCC, definition 118
VCI
definition 118
use with OIM 91
VIA, definition 118
virtual channel identifier. SeeVCI.
virtual channel. See VC.
VP, definition 118
VPC, definition 118
VPI
use with OIM 91