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ELECTRICITY
Table of Contents
I. Introduction. 3
II. Objectives ... 3
III. Learning Goals and Targets.... 8
IV. Common Competencies...
A. Know 9
B. Process 18 & 73
C. Understand......
19 & 77
D. Transfer........
79
V. Summary......
87
VI. Glossary..... 11
VII. References...... 11
Page 2
I. INTRODUCTION
Welcome to the world of Electrical Installation and Maintenance! This Module
is an exploratory course which leads you to Electrical Installation and Maintenance
National Certificate Level II (NC II). It covers 5 common competencies that a Grade
8 Technology and Livelihood Education (TLE) student like you should possess,
namely: 1) Prepare electrical supplies, materials, and tools; 2) Perform mensuration
and calculations; 3) Interpret technical drawings and plans; 4) Maintain tools and
equipment; and 5) Practice occupational health and safety.
Imagine yourself living without electricity. Think of the things you wont be
able to do without it. What are the things that will not be useful without electricity?
Without electricity, you wont be able to watch TV, use a computer, communicate
using a telephone, listen to the radio or have bright lights in dark places. You
wouldnt be able to do so many things you want to do. Electricity has been so useful
and important to us, however, it is dangerous when not handled properly.
Changing busted fuses, replacing incandescent lamps, and installing buzzers
and other alarm devices are simple tasks. Yet, there were times when you wanted to
do these electrical repairs you felt that you lacked the skills needed for the job. If you
have the talent in performing electrical repairs and servicing, you can transform that
talent into a competency or skill even without formal training, simply by taking this
course.
Your success in this exploratory course on Electrical Installation and
Maintenance is shown in your ability to perform the required activities in this module.
II. OBJECTIVES
At the end of this module, you, as learner, are expected to gain the
following competencies:
1. exhibit working knowledge of the fundamental principles and theories of
electricity;
2. develop skills in the use of various electrical measuring instruments, tools,
materials and equipment;
3. apply knowledge in repairing and troubleshooting wiring connections, fixtures
and other current consuming devices;
4. enhance awareness and observe safety precautions in the use of instruments
and in performing wiring procedures and practices.
Page 3
Pliers
Utility box
Junction Box
Stubby Screw Driver
Circuit Breaker
Portable Electric Drill
Wire Stripper
Combination Pliers
Hammer
Fuse
Connectors
Conduits
______________1. It is used for gripping, holding, cutting electrical wires and cables and
even small nails. Usually used by linemen in doing heavy tasks.
______________2. It is used for cutting and holding fine wires. This can reach tight space
or small opening where other pliers cannot reach and also used in
making terminal loops of copper wires.
______________3. It has a cross tip resembling a positive (+) sign. It is used to drive
screws with cross slot heads.
______________4. It is a tool used in driving or pounding and pulling out nails.
______________5. A tool used for removing insulation of medium sized wires ranging from
gauge #10 to gauge #16.
______________6. It is a small drilling machine with a chuck capacity of inches to 3/8
inches. It is used in making holes on metal sheets and concrete walls.
______________7. It comes in either Standard or Philips screw driver with short shank or
blade and short handle used to turn screws in tight space where
standard screw driver cannot be used.
______________8. It is used by linemen to remove insulation of wire and cables in low and
high voltage transmission lines.
______________9. It Is a device inserted to a convenience outlet to conduct electric
current. A flat cord is attached to it on one end and the other end is
to a current consuming instrument or appliance.
______________10. It is a circuit protective device that automatically blows and cut the
current when an over load or short circuit happens.
______________11. It is a rectangular shaped metallic or plastic (PVC) material in which
flush type convenience outlet and switch are attached.
______________12. These are electrical materials used as the passage of wires for
protection and insulation.
______________13. These are used to attach metallic or non-metallic conduit to the
junction or utility boxes.
______________14. It is a protective device used to automatically cut off the current
when trouble in the circuit such as short circuit or over load occurs.
______________15. It is an octagonal shaped electrical material where the connections or
joints of wires are being done. It is also where the flush type lamp
holder is attached.
Page 4
Lamp Shade
Extension Cord
Rechargeable Lamp
Water Heater
Page 5
Page 6
6. What part of the project plan includes selling cost of the project?
a) Purpose
c) Materials Needed
b) Sketch/Drawing
d) Procedures
7. An electrical material used to turn ON or turn OFF the circuit conveniently.
a) Switch
c) Convenience Outlet
b) Lamp Holder
d) Male plug
8. One of the steps in extension cord assembly is tying process of wire
conductor, what is the appropriate knot or tie?
a) Lock Knot
c) Western Union Long Tie
b) Underwriters Knot
d) Western Union Short Tie
9. What is the appropriate size of flat cord if the total power rating of the
appliances to be connected to extension cord is 1,600 watts?
a) # 12
c) # 16
b) # 14
d) # 18
10. An electrical tool used for removing wire insulator from gauge #10 to gauge
#16.
a) Long Nose Pliers
c) Combination Pliers
b) Wire Stripper
d) Knife
11. Which of the following items is not the function of a lampshade?
a. Direct or focus the light in desired direction
b. Cover the lamp hardware for better appearance
c. Cover the surface of the entire room
d. Reduce the glare of the light source
12. An electrical tool used to drive screws with hexagonal slot head.
a) Allen Wrench
c) Long Nose Pliers
b) Philip Screw Driver
d) Side Cutting pliers
13. A type of electrical circuit used in Christmas light.
a) Series Circuit
c) Complex Circuit
b) Parallel Circuit
d) Simple Circuit
14. Which of the electrical appliances has the highest power rating?
a) Radio
c) Electric Fan
b) Television
d) Flat Iron
15. It is an alloy or mixture of tin and lead used for soldering electrical joints.
a) Sponge
c) Soldering Iron
b) Soldering Lead
d) Nipple
Page 7
____________________________________________
Targets:
start writing your own learning goals/targets on your notebook based on the stated
objectives.
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Picture B
Picture C
Page 9
Page 10
Standard/Flat Screw Driver- The blade tip is wedge shaped and resembles
a negative (-) sign. This is used to drive screws with a single slot head.
Page 11
Philips Screw Driver- This has a cross tip resembling a positive (+) sign.
This is used to drive screws with cross slot heads.
Page 12
Side Cutting Pliers- This type of pliers is used for cutting fine, medium and
big wires and cables.
Long Nose Pliers- Used for cutting and holding fine wires. This can reach
tight spaces or small openings where other pliers cannot reach and also used
in making terminal loops of copper wires.
Page 13
Long nose pliers, used in making loops and inserting loops to the screw
Wire Stripper is a tool used for removing insulation of medium sized wires ranging
from gauge #10 to gauge #16.
These devices and materials are intended just to carry, hold, secure and
protect but not to utilize electric current. The following are the most commonly used
electrical devices and materials:
IA Electrical Installation and Maintenance Castillo, Joel G.FFHNAS
Page 14
Lamp Holder is a device that holds and protects the lamp and is also called as
Lamp Socket/Receptacle. These come in many designs and sizes. They
are classified as flush, hanging (weather proof/chain) and surface types.
Surface type
Page 15
Switch- is a device that connects and disconnects the flow of electric current in a
circuit. There are many shapes, designs and types and are classified as
hanging, flush and surface types.
Utility Box is a rectangular shaped metallic or plastic (PVC) material where flush
type convenience outlets and switches are attached.
Page 16
Flat Cord- Is a duplex stranded wire used for temporary wiring installation and
commonly used in extension cord assembly. It comes in a role of 150 meters
and with sizes of gauge # 18 and gauge # 16 awg (American wire gauge).
Page 17
B. PROCESS:
Activity 1
Based on the sample pictures of extension cords, can you cite the
differences and similarities between the extension cords that can be produced by
you from the sample extension cord available in the market? Use the table as your
reference. Write your answer on your notebook.
Extension Cord that you
can produce
Differences
Extension Cord
Available in the Market
Similarities
Differences
Reminder
Please make it a habit to always check the watts marked on the appliance found in
the instructions manual or on the package. Add the watts for each of the plug-in
Page 18
appliance or load to determine the total watts being used for a particular extension
cord.
C. UNDERSTAND
Activity 1
Using an actual extension cord, demonstrate the proper way of using it. The
demonstration should be done in front of the teacher.
SAMPLE GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF
APPLIANCE
POWER CONSUMPTION TABLE
NAME OF APPLIANCES
Suggested Activity 2:
Based on the graph, determine the name of appliance with the lowest power
consumption and the appliance with the highest power consumption. Specify the
power rating; write the answer on your notebook.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
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Suggested Activity 3:
Based on the sample power consumption table, list down some possible
combinations of appliances that can be plug-in to a #18 flat cord.
________________________________
________________________________
________________________________
________________________________
________________________________
________________________________
________________________________
________________________________
________________________________
________________________________
________________________________
________________________________
________________________________
________________________________
________________________________
________________________________
________________________________
________________________________
________________________________
________________________________
________________________________
________________________________
________________________________
________________________________
________________________________
________________________________
________________________________
________________________________
___
You are now familiar with the different extension cords; commercial and
assembled together with the application and limitation of it. Prior to actual assembly we
need to know the electrical tools and materials. Let us move on to be acquainted with
them.
Suggested Activity 4:
Directions: Given are the set of activities and the corresponding picture. Perform them
using the appropriate tools and materials. Your performance will be graded using the
following criteria:
Accuracy
Workmanship
Proper handling of tools
Speed
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Activity
Page 21
Reminders
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Suggested Activity 5:
Directions: Answer the following questions.
How do you find the activities?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________.
What particular activity did you enjoy the most? Why?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________.
Which activity do you find difficult? Why?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________.
What activity can you now confidently do? Why?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________.
Tools and materials are needed in actual assembly of extension cord. To make
the assembly successful, you need to learn and follow the standard requirements.
Another thing to be considered to produce quality and marketable extension cord is to
use underwriters knot which is the next topic.
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Suggested Activity 6:
Directions: Perform the tying of underwriters knot using the materials and tools given
below and following the procedure. Your performance will be rated based on the
following criteria:
Accuracy
Correct usage of tools
Safety work habits
Speed
Materials:
meter Flat cord gauge # 18
1 pc. Hanging lamp holder or surface type convenience outlet
1 pc. Male plug
Page 26
Tools:
Side cutting pliers
Ruler
Wire stripper/electricians knife
Procedures:
Insert one end of the flat cord to the plug.
Perform the tying of underwriters knot following the procedure.
Insert the other end of the flat cord to the hanging lamp holder then perform the same
procedure.
If youre using a surface type convenience outlet apply the same procedure in tying an
underwriters knot and then remove the cover of the convenience outlet and insert the
flat cord. Make sure it is anchored against the cover.
Now youre thru with the underwriters knot features, advantages and application.
To make the project work as expected it should be done with a plan. Proceed to the
next lesson which is preparing a project plan.
Page 27
II- Purpose:
III- Sketch/Drawing:
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-tester
VI- Procedure in assembling an extension cord:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
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5 Points
3 Points
1 Point
Functionality
Extension
cord
was100%
functional.
Extension
cord was
functional but
intermittent.
Extension
cord was not
functional.
Quality
Terminal
wires were
properly
twisted and
secured.
Output is
presentable.
Terminal
wires were
not properly
twisted and
secured.
Output is not
presentable.
Terminal
wires were
loose, output
is not
presentable.
Method
Followed the
given step
from start to
finish. Using
appropriate
tools for each
task.
Followed the
given step.
Noted once
incorrect
usage of
tools.
Followed the
given step.
Noted more
once
incorrect
usage of
tools.
Safety
No injury
happened
while doing
task.
Noticed one
incidence of
injury while
doing the
task.
Noticed
more than
one
incidence of
injury.
Time
Management
Finished the
given task
within 20
minutes.
Finished the
given task
within 21-30
minutes.
Unable to
finish the
given task.
Page 30
VIII- Remarks:
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Suggested Activity 7:
Directions: In your own opinion, is a project plan important in assuring quality,
profitability and marketability of extension cord? Why?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Suggested Activity 8:
Directions: Prepare a project plan for a quality and marketable extension cord.
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Always bear in mind the importance of a well-prepared project plan. Did you
perform well in lesson 1? Well, you will find more enjoyment in lesson 2 because of the
attractive features of lamp shade.
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With the use of compass make a half circle following the marking of the exact
measurements. (2 and 6)
Cut the pattern. Take note of the allowance for over lapping.
Then fold the pattern in a cylindrical form.
Page 33
1 pc Male Plug
2 meters Flat Cord #18awg
1 pc Lamp Shade Base out of recycled materials (plastic container, bottle, flower base,
etc.)
1 pc Shade (out of any available materials in the community such as: fabric, sea shell,
abaca fiber, plastic or paper )
Any decorating material such as: pebbles, beads, sequence, etc
Insert the flat cord along the pipe and connect it to the bulb socket.(do the
underwriters knot)
Install the male plug at the end of the wire. (dont forget do the underwriters knot)
Page 34
Place the pebbles inside the container so that the pipe can stand alone
Make the frame or skeleton of the lamp shade using the wire considering the
dimensions of the shade.
Put decorating materials like beads, sequence, glitters and other materials
available to enhance the physical appearance.
Insert the shade at the frame after connecting the lamp to the socket.
Reminder
It's very important to choose the right size of lampshade. Light bulbs emit a lot of
heat. A paper or fabric lampshade that is too close to the light bulb can become a fire
hazard. Likewise, cylindrical lampshades should always have enough clearance and
venting to allow heat to escape. Never cover the top of a lampshade with a scarf or
other fabric, as this can cause a fire.
Suggested Activity 9:
Directions: Discuss the three major functions of the lampshades.
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Suggested Activity 10:
Directions: Among the different types of lampshades what do you think is the most
practical and convenient to use? Why?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
IA Electrical Installation and Maintenance Castillo, Joel G.FFHNAS
Page 35
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Description
Symbol
Description
Page 38
7. Electrical Circuit
An electrical circuit is simply a continuous path for current to flow. A simple
electric circuit consists of four important elements the source, path, load and control.
Source (power supply) the force or energy to provide electric current along
the circuit. This can be classified as:
AC Voltage source - comes from AC generator and Power Company the
current
is bidirectional
DC Voltage source comes from dry cell, wet cell, battery and DC power
supply
the current is unidirectional
Paths or lines source are the conducting path where the current flows
Load (Current Consuming device)- it could be a bulb or any electrical appliance.
Control (switch) this is used to turn ON or turn OFF electrical circuit
conveniently.
An electrical circuit can be presented in two different ways one is through a
pictorial diagram and the other is through a schematic diagram.
A Pictorial Diagram is a sketch of electrical circuit that shows the external
appearance of each component. It is much like a photograph of the circuit and uses
simple images of parts.
Page 39
Types of Circuit
Simple Circuit-is a wiring circuit which has a single load, switch and a source
that could be either direct current or alternating current. This is the circuit used in
lampshade assembly.
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Parallel Circuit- is a type of circuit where the loads such as bulbs are connected
across the power source. Each bulb receives the same amount of voltage. If one
bulb becomes busted, the remaining bulbs will not be affected. This is the most
common electrical circuit used in household and offices.
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Soft water- is well filtered and chlorinated. It does not contain minerals and
impurities. This water is supplied by the local water district like NAWASA.
Hard water- is water with light and heavy mineral content. This type of water
comes from the deep well.
Note: Always refer to the instructions/manual available in the package before using the
gadget to determine its appropriate use.
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2. For Steaming (Immerse the water heater at about to in order to produce more
steam)
Steaming for rheumatic treatment.
Page 48
First, insert the plug to 110 or 220 volts AC outlet, then dip the water heater
gradually into the water. No need to use a transformer. (Do not dip the water
heater before plugging to avoid sparks in the plug and outlet).
Never touch the water while heating is in progress especially if you are
barefooted. (You might be grounded)
After using, lift the water heater from the water to drain then unplug. (Do not
unplug while the water heater is still dipped on the water to avoid spark).
Allow the water heater to dry first before keeping it in a safe place.
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Soldering iron/gun
Long nose pliers
Screw driver
Pocket knife/any substitute
Procedure:
5 Points
3 Points
1 Point
Functionality
Water heater
functioned.
Water heater
functioned but
intermittent.
Water heater
failed to
function.
Quality
Terminals were
properly
soldered and
secured. Output
is presentable.
Terminals
were not
properly
soldered and
secured.
Output is not
presentable.
Terminals
wereloosely
soldered.
Output is not
presentable.
Page 50
Method
Followed the
given procedure
from start to
finish.
Observed
correct usage of
tools.
Followed the
given
procedure.
Noted using
incorrect tools
once.
Followed the
given
procedure.
Noted using
incorrect
tools more
than once.
Speed
Finished the
work on/before
the given time.
Finished the
work after the
given time.
Unable to
finish the
work.
RATING SCALE:
Points Earned
Numerical
Descriptive
1 7 - 20
13 16
9 12
58
14
91 - 100
86 - 90
81 85
76 80
71 75
Outstanding
Very Good
Good
Fair
Needs Improvement
Suggested Activity 19
Discuss the importance of water heatesr in our daily activity and how they are properly
used.
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
__________________________________
Suggested Activity 20
Based on the given materials and procedures prepare a project plan on the
assembly of a quality and marketable water heater.
Page 51
9. Soldering Techniques
As an electrical technology student, you must remember that the normal
operation of an electrical circuit depends on how an electrician performs the proper
circuit connections. Loose connections will result to abnormal or intermittent operation.
Soldering is one of the effective solutions needed in the assembly and repair of
electrical gadgets. You need to learn and practice proper techniques in soldering to
attain good soldered joints.
In performing this process, you will need a soldering iron or soldering gun and
soldering lead. The soldering lead is an alloy or mixture of tin and lead with a ratio of 60
percent tin and 40 percent lead. A hardened melted solder becomes permanent and
durable electrical wire connections. The connection can withstand strong vibrations and
movements.
Soldering tools are readily available in the market. They are classified according
to wattages rating, shape and size of the tips.
The following are the tools and materials used in soldering techniques.
Soldering Iron- is a tool used to apply heat to the metal joint and to melt the
solder/soldering lead to make a permanent joint. Its wattage ratings vary
from 30 watts, 45 watts, 60 watts and 75 watts.
Page 52
Soldering Gun- a soldering tool that has a fast heating tip applicable for heavy
duty applications. The contour shape is similar to that of a hand gun with a
trigger that serves as the switch. The wattage rating of this tool varies from 60 to
100 watts.
Page 53
Soldering Stand- is used to hold the soldering iron when not in use or at rest. It
keeps the hot soldering tip away from any object to avoid burning.
Page 54
Sponge- is a damp cloth used for cleaning the tip of soldering iron or gun and
also used for wiping excess lead on the tip of the soldering iron.
Soldering Techniques
Page 55
Reminders
Suggested Activity 21
Directions: Using actual soldering iron and soldering gun compare the features and
characteristics of the two soldering tools.
Page 56
Based on the results of the previous activity, which do you prefer to use? Why?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Suggested Activity 22
Directions: Perform the soldering techniques using the following:
Materials:
1 meter Solid wire #22 awg
meter Soldering lead
sheet Pad paper
Tools:
Soldering Iron (30 watts)
Long Nose Pliers
Side Cutting Pliers
Soldering Stand
Procedure in Soldering:
Clean the tip of the soldering iron or gun using sand paper, file or knife.
Remove the insulator of the wire.
Clean the bare wire conductor using sand paper.
Divide the wire into ten (10) equal lengths.
Arrange the wire on sheet of paper. (The illustration below will be your
reference.)
Connect the plug of the soldering iron to the power source.
After two to three minutes tin the tip of soldering with the soldering lead.
Page 57
Apply appropriate amount of soldering lead on the free heated surface of the wire
and not directly to the tip of the soldering iron.
Allow the melted solder to flow evenly around the joint surface.
Page 58
Sample Rubrics
Criteria
5 Points
3 Points
Quality
All solders
were
smooth,
shiny and
with no
sharp
edges.
One to three
solders
were not
smooth,
shiny and
have sharp
edges.
Four or
more
solders
were not
smooth,
shiny and
have sharp
edges.
Distance
All squares
were equal.
One to three
squares
were not
equal.
Four or
more
squares
were not
equal.
Speed
Finished the
task before
the given
time.
Finished the
task after
the given
time.
Unable to
finish the
task.
1 Point
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The diagrams below show the schematic and pictorial views of the circuit. These
will help you become familiar with the circuits of a continuity tester and a test light. You
may use these in assembling your project.
Page 61
Tools and Instruments Needed in the Assembly of Continuity Tester and Test
Light
Soldering Iron
Long Nose Pliers
Side Cutting Pliers
Mini electric drill
DC Power Supply
Multi-Tester
Procedures in Assembling Continuity Tester and Test Light
Page 62
REMINDER
In assembling the continuity tester and test light, you must strictly follow the
wiring diagrams because the light emitting diodes and battery have polarity. This means
that there are positive and negative terminals that should not be interchanged.
Another thing is you must be extra careful in using the devices. You have to see
to it that the toggle switch is in its correct mode. For example you want to check if
the particular convenience outlet has power what you should do is to set the
toggle switch to test light mode (TLM) to avoid damaging the gadget. This gadget
is comparable to a multi- tester which is too delicate. Proper care and
maintenance is necessary because this is a significant instrument that you will be
using for the next quarters.
Suggested Activity 23
Directions: Discuss the importance of a continuity tester and test light in providing
quality and safe electrical servicing jobs.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
_________________________
Page 63
Suggested Activity 24
Directions: Draw the schematic diagram of the continuity tester and test light circuit.
Suggested Activity 25
Directions: Based on the given diagram, materials and procedures prepare a project
plan for a quality continuity tester and test light.
Page 64
THE MULTITESTER
The Multitester or multimeter is sometimes called the VOM (voltmeter,
ohmmeter, milliammeter). It is the best instrument that can measure voltage, resistance
and current. It is generally made of two types: the analog and the digital.
A. PARTS OF A MULTI TESTER
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B. PROCESS
s of two, three and more wire conductors inside a round flexible cord
IA Electrical Installation and Maintenance Castillo, Joel G.FFHNAS
Picture
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Suggested Activity 1:
Directions: Based on the pictures of water heaters, describe each in terms of features
and characteristics.
Suggested Activity 2:
Directions: Visit nearby hardware stores, workshops and malls with electrical hardware
stores. Then observe, examine and take pictures of the different variety of extension
cords sold there. Show pictures and present your observation to the class.
Page 75
Suggested Activity 3:
Directions: Explore industries within your community to find out when and where these
sophisticated tools are used.
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C. UNDERSTAND:
Activity 1
Discuss the importance of assembling quality basic electrical gadgets as possible
entrepreneurial activity.
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______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Given extension cords A, B and C, determine which one is innovative. Justify your
answer.
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
IA Electrical Installation and Maintenance Castillo, Joel G.FFHNAS
Page 77
How would you feel if the extension cord you prepared was rejected by your teacher?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Self- assess your level of confidence in assembling a heavy duty extension cord.
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
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D. TRANSFER
Are you ready to demonstrate to others your gained knowledge and skills?
Perform the following activities:
Page 79
Note: Each of you will assemble at least three extension cords. See to it that you
did an innovation in the second and third extension cords.
Criteria
5 Points
3 Points
1 Point
Functionality
Extension
cord/lamp
shade was
100%
functional.
Extension
cord/lamp
shade was
functional but
intermittent.
Extension
cord/lamp
shade was
not
functional.
Design
Two or more
innovations
were made.
With only
one
innovation
made.
No innovation
made.
Quality
Terminal
wires were
properly
twisted and
secured.
Output is
presentable.
Terminal
wires were
not properly
twisted and
secured.
Output is not
presentable
Terminal
wires were
loose. Output
is not
presentable.
Method
Followed the
given step
from start to
finish using
appropriate
tools for each
task.
Followed the
given step.
Noted
incorrect
usage of
tools once.
Followed the
given step.
Noted
incorrect
usage of
tools more
than once.
Safety work
habits
No inquiry
happned
while doing
Noticed
incidence of
injury while
Noticed
incidence of
injury more
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Time
Management
the task.
doing task.
than once.
Finished the
task on or
before the
given time.
Finished the
task after the
given task.
Unable to
fiish the given
task.
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o
o
o
o
o
o
Functionality
Product design (creativity, innovativeness)
Quality (accuracy, workmanship)
Use of appropriate tools and materials
Observance of safety measure
Time management
Functionality
Quality
Method
Speed
SAMPLE RUBRICS
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Criteria
5 Points
3 Points
1 Point
Functionality
Water heater
was functional.
Water heater
was functional
but
intermittent.
Water heater
was not
functional.
Quality
Terminals were
properly
soldered and
secured. Output
is presentable.
Terminals
were not
properly
soldered and
secured.
Output is not
presentable.
Terminals
were loosely
soldered.
Output is not
presentable.
Method
Followed the
given procedure
from start to
finish.
Observed
correct usage of
tools.
Followed the
given
procedure.
Noted
incorrect
usage of tools
once.
Followed the
given
procedure.
Noted
incorrect
usage of
tools more
than once.
Speed
Finished the
work on/before
the given time.
Finished the
work after the
given time.
Unable to
finish the
work.
RATING SCALE:
Points Earned
Numerical
Descriptive
1 7 - 20
13 16
9 12
58
14
91 - 100
86 - 90
81 85
76 80
71 75
Outstanding
Very Good
Good
Fair
Needs Improvement
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Functionality
Quality
Method
Speed
Sample Rubrics
Criteria
5 Points
3 Points
Functionality
Continuity
Tester and Test
Light was
functional.
Continuity
Tester and
Test Light was
functional but
intermittent.
1 Point
Continuity
Tester an
Test Light
was not
functional.
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Quality
Terminals were
properly
soldered and
secured. Output
is presentable.
Terminals
were not
properly
soldered and
secured.
Output is not
presentable.
Terminals
were loosely
soldered.
Output is not
presentable.
Method
Followed the
given procedure
from start to
finish.
Observed
correct usage of
tools.
Followed the
given
procedure.
Noted
incorrect
usage of tools
once.
Followed the
given
procedure.
Noted
incorrect
usage of
tools more
than once.
Speed
Finished the
work on/before
the given time.
Finished the
work after the
given time.
Unable to
finish the
work.
RATING SCALE:
Points Earned
Numerical
Descriptive
17 - 20
13 16
9 12
58
14
91 - 100
86 - 90
81 85
76 80
71 75
Outstanding
Very Good
Good
Fair
Needs Improvement
Suggested Activity 5:
Put your product on display for sale or establish linkage with the school cooperative to
market your product.
Page 85
Suggested Activity 6:
Market the assembled extension cord and lamp shade in your nearby community. Post
Test:
Multiple Choices:
Directions: Each item consists of four choices, choose the appropriate answer and
write the letter of your answer on your notebook.
1. Which of the following element of an electric circuit is a current consuming device?
a) Control (switch)
c) Path (wire conductor)
b) Load (lamp)
d) Source (battery)
2. There are four possible conditions in electric circuit, which among them is considered
the most
dangerous because it might cause fire?
a) Short Circuit
c) Grounded Circuit
b) Closed Circuit
d) Open Circuit
3. Suppose you want to check the continuity of the flat cord, what particular part of test
light and continuity tester indicates the condition of the cord?
a) Neon Lamp
c) LEDs
b) Toggle Switch
d) Battery
4. A Water heater is one of the basic electric gadgets in this module, which of the
following is not the function of this gadget?
a) Cooling
c) Cooking
b) Heating
d) Sterilizing
5. You encountered difficulties in driving screws in tight location. Which is the most
appropriate driving tool to use for the job?
a) Standard/ Flat Screw Driver
c) Allen Wrench
b) Stubby Screw Driver
d) Philip Screw Driver
6. What part of the project plan indicates the selling cost of the project/products?
a) Purpose
c) Materials Needed
b) Sketch/Drawing
d) Procedures
7. It is an alloy or mixture of tin and lead used for soldering electrical joints.
a) Sponge
c) Soldering Iron
b) Soldering Lead
d) Nipple
8. An electrical material used to turn ON or turn OFF the circuit conveniently.
a) Switch
c) Convenience Outlet
b) Lamp Holder
d) Male plug
IA Electrical Installation and Maintenance Castillo, Joel G.FFHNAS
Page 86
9. One of the steps in extension cord assembly is the tying process of wire conductor,
what is the most effective tie or knot to use?
a) Lock Knot
c) Western Union Long Tie
b) Underwriters Knot
d) Western Union Short Tie
10. What is the appropriate size of flat cord if the total power rating of the appliances to
be connected to extension cord is 1,600 watts?
a) # 12
c) # 16
b) # 14
d) # 18
11. An electrical tool is used in removing wire insulator from gauge #10 to gauge #16.
a) Long Nose Pliers
c) Combination Pliers
b) Wire Stripper
d) Knife
12. Which of the following items is not the function of a lampshade?
a. Covers the surface of the entire room
b. Reduces the glare of the light source
c. Directs or focus the light in desired direction
d. Covers the lamp hardware for better appearance
13. An electrical tool used to drive screws with hexagonal slot head.
a) Allen Wrench
c) Long Nose Pliers
b) Philip Screw Driver
d) Side Cutting pliers
14. A type of electrical circuit used in Christmas light.
a) Series Circuit
c) Complex Circuit
b) Parallel Circuit
d) Simple Circuit
15. Which of the electrical appliances has the highest power rating?
a) Radio
c) Electric Fan
b) Television
d) Flat Iron
V. SUMMARY
Electricity is a form of energy that can help us to make our tasks easier and help
make our economy a successful one. However, electricity is dangerous and it can be
harmful to everyone. Having skills in measuring devices, such as voltmeter, ammeter,
wattmeter, ohmmeter, frequency meter, and multi-tester is very essential in any
electrical work. These instruments are specifically useful in determining the actual
IA Electrical Installation and Maintenance Castillo, Joel G.FFHNAS
Page 87
amount of current and voltage electrical circuits have. They are also important in
trouble-shooting and servicing all types of electrical products and circuit systems. Every
measuring instrument should be used with care and skill and should be properly
maintained. You must therefore learn the basic concepts in the effective utilization of
measuring instruments, observe precautionary measures to avoid damaging the meters,
and perform repair work on them when needed.
With the help of this module you are now really equipped and have gained more
bits of information in order to use electricity in your everyday life. Also, you can
practically have an income if you use your abilities and skills whole heartedly for your
community.
VI. Glossary
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Functional tools and equipment - those that are in good condition and can perform its
regular functions
Hot wire - a wire through which current flows
Inch - a portion of a foot, which is an English unit of linear measurement
Insulator material used to cover electric wires which may be made from plastic,
rubber, or asbestos.
Isometric - a kind of drawing which shows the object in 3 dimensional views
Joule (J) - a metric unit of energy: watt per second. 1 Kw hr = 2,655,000 ft-lb =
1.341hp-hr = 3413 Btu = 3,600,000 joules
Kilovolt-ampere (KVA) - a measurement of apparent electric power
Kilowatt - a unit of power which is equivalent to 1000w
Kilowatt hour (Kwhr) - a unit of electrical energy or work performed
Lubrication additives- many of the physical properties of various oils and greases
Megger - an instrument used to measure the insulation resistance of conductors or
wire. It gives measurement in ohms or meg-ohms
Metallic Conduits- metal raceways that was classified into four; rigid steel conduit
(RSC), intermediate metallic conduit or tubing (IMC or IMT), electrical metallic
conduit or tubing (EMC or EMT) and the flexible metallic conduit (FMC)
Millimeter - one-thousandth of a meter
Multi-tester - an electrical measuring instrument used to measure the voltage, the
resistance or the current of a circuit. It is connected either through parallel or
series with the circuit depending on what to measure
Non-metallic conduits- plastic conduits or raceways designed to be a channel of wire
that are classified as; rigid non-metallic conduit or the PVC, the flexible
nonmetallic or CPC, and the surface plastic molding
Ohm - the unit of measurement used to express resistance
Ohmmeter - an instrument used to measure resistance in ohms
Pneumatic tool - instrument activated by air pressure
Page 89
Resistance - the quality of electric current measured in ohms that resist the flow of
current
Sorting - to sort everything in a work area
Tools - are implements used to modify raw materials for human use
Volt - a unit of measurement of electrical pressure or voltage
Volt (E) - the unit of electric pressure or electromotive force which will produce a current
of 1 ampere through a resistance of 1 ohm
Voltmeter - an instrument specially designed for measuring voltage
Watts (W) and kilowatts (KW) - are units of electric power
Wire Gauge - used to measure the diameter of magnetic wire
VII. REFERENCES
Bibliography
All brand names, trademarks, trade names, and WebPages used in this Learning
Material (LM) are owned by their respective holders. The Publisher and the Authors do
not represent nor claim ownership over them.
While every effort and precaution have been made to ensure complete and accurate
information with reference to the materials presented in this LM, the Publisher and
Authors can neither guarantee nor be held legally responsible for any mistake in printing
or faulty instructions in the LM.
The Publishers and Authors appreciate receiving notice of any errors or misprints.
Page 90
Acknowledgement
This is to acknowledge the different practitioners, experts, and specialists who
made this learning materials and teaching guides for grade 8 possible.
Writers ( INDUSTRIAL ARTS)
T-I
FFHNS
HT-VI
Guiguinto NVHS
T-I
PFNHS
T-I
FFHNAS
T-I
Taytay NHS
EPS-I
Div. of Neuva Ecija
MT-I
OCNHS
Language Editor
Paraluman R. Giron Retired Regional Director,
Sta. Ana Manila
CALABARZON
Perla Cuanzon
Retired Regional English Supervisor
Las Pinas City
Ofelia C. Flojo
Retired Regional English Supervisor
Rizal
Lando T. Guzman
Ateneo de Manila
Consultant
Maria Teresa A. Namoro,
Asst. Chief. SED
DepEd-NCR
Ed.D.
Reviewers
1.Robert Daquil
HT-VI
Manila HS
2.Leonilo Santelices
MT-I
Balingasa HS
3.Fernando Dela Cruz
Guiguinto NVHS
4.Arnel Anonical
Tanay NHS
5.Marlon Malaluan
T-I
BANAHIS
6.Alexandria Kalalo
T-I
BANAHIS
7.Antonio Blanco Jr.
MT-I
OCNHS
Lay-Out Artist/Illustrator
Arcos, Henry Allen M.
Bulado, Brenn R.
Guiao, Arlene A.
Pili, Francis C.
Pili, Noel C.
Saladas John S.
Management Team
1.Dr. Lolita M. Andrada
Director, BSE
2.Ms. Bella O. Marinas
Chief,SDD-OIC
3.Dr. Jose D. Tuguinayo, Jr.
Supervising EPS
4.Cristeta M. Arcos
EPS II
5. Albert Erni
EPS II
6.James Julius M. Liquigan
EPS II
7. Milambiling, Owen M.
SEPS
8.Emmanuel S. Valdez
EPS II
1.Joel Castillo
2.Lamberto Dionisio
3.Marlon Ocampo
4.Robert Palma
5.Cris Dioso
6.Romeo Vicmudo
7.Antonio Blanco Jr.
All pictures and graphic illustrations crafted from the internet are properties of the
original owners and were used only as supplemental materials for education
purposes.