nato niqabaZe

saqarTvelo saerTaSoriso izolaciaSi

gadaWriT SeuZlebelia imis Tqma, rom 1991 wlis Semodgomaze z.

gamsaxurdia, rogorc qveynis pirveli piri, Seucdomlad moqmedebda.
araadekvaturi qmedebebis raodenobam erTiorad imata 2 seqtembris Semdeg.
mdgomareobas arTulebda gamsaxurdias mmarTvelobis avtoritaruli
stili. yvela saxelmwifoebrivi Tu partiuli, sameurneo, kulturuli da
sazogadoebrivi sakiTxi mas unda gadaewyvita.
yvelaze meti Secdoma zviad gamsaxurdias xelisuflebam sagareo
politikis kursSi dauSva, ramac mZime Sedegebi moutana erovnul
xelisuflebas. saqarTvelos saerTaSoriso izolaciaSi moqceva niSnavda,
adre Tu gvian erovnuli xelisuflebis ganwirul mdgomareobas.
xelisuflebis damxobamde erT-erT interviuSi centraluri televiziis
JurnalistTan urmas otTan, romelmac hkiTxa, - Tqven sakmaod civi
damokidebuleba gaqvT dasavleTis liderebTano, - z. gamsaxurdiam
diplomatiuri reveransebis gareSe upasuxa: ,,diax, es maTi bralia, isini
ar arian dainteresebuli imperiis daSliT. es xom cnobilia. Cemi saxiT ki
isini xedaven kacs, romelic imperiis dezintegraciis momxrea" (gaz.
,,saqarTvelos respublika", 199, 21,XII).
saqarTvelos prezidentis mrCeveli giorgi gaCeCilaZe werda: buSis
administraciam ormagi standartis politika airCia sabWoTa respublikebis
mimarT. man Tanadgoma gamoucxada samive baltiur respublikas, xolo
danarCen respublikebs uari uTxra ruseTis gavlenisagan
ganTavisuflebisaTvis brZolaze. rogorc g. gaCeCilaZe askvnida, amieridan
aSS damoukideblobisaTvis mebrZoli respublikebis ki ara - ruseTis
mokavSired iqca.
es asec iyo. g. gaCeCilaZe mware realobis warmodgenaSi ar cdeboda.
,,miamitoba iqneboda gverwmunebina, rom TiTqos aSS uars ityvis sabWoTa
mTavrobasTan TanamSromlobaze (gaz. ,,saqarTvelos respublika", 1991,
16,X).
zogadad, dasavleTi da aSS arc centrTan da arc mis
samarTalmemkvidre ruseTTan respublikebis gamo urTierTobas ar
gairTulebdnen, rac didi politikuri principebidan gamomdinareobda.
samwuxaro is iyo, rom saqarTvelos xelisuflebam ver SeZlo moeZebna
dasavleTTan urTierTobis gamowvevaze adekvaturi pasuxebi. aSS-is
prezidentis irib kritikas manac kritikiT upasuxa. oficialur mediaSi
daiwyo dasavleTis Ria kritika, qartia 91-ma marTebulad dasva qarTul
oficialur mediaSi gaZlierebuli antidasavluri ideologiis saSiSi
tendenciebis problema, romelic TviTizolaciisaken ubiZgebda dasavlur
sazogadoebas.
prinstonSi warmoTqmul sityvaSi amerikis saxelmwifo mdivanma Tavisi
keTili ganwyoba gamoxata: ruseTma, ukrainam, yazaxeTma, somxeTma,
yirgizeTma ,,demokratiuli idealebisadmi midrekilebebis demonstrireba
moaxdines", - aRniSnavda jeims beikeri da aRuTqvamda maT dasavleTis
daxmarebis imeds (d. SveliZe, 2008, 4, XI).
jeims beikerma Tavisi negaturi damokidebuleba gamoxata saqarTvelos
prezidentis mimarT: ,, prezidenti zviad gamsaxurdia, imis dadasturebaa,
Tu rogor SeiZleba komunizmis Semcvlelad movides sxva avtoritaruli
reJimi". xilul momavalSi dasavleTi ar apirebs daexmaros baqos da
Tbiliss (gaz. "Èçâåñòèÿ", 1991,14, XII).
aRniSnulida ngamomdinare, SeiZleba vifiqroT, rom aSS da dasavleTi
ar daexmarebodnen zviad gamsaxurdias xelisuflebas, Tu mis winaaRmdeg
SeiaraRebul brZolas daiwyebda opozicia.
gavlenis ZiriTad sferoebze SeTanxmeba aSS-sa da sabWoTa kavSirs
Soris 80-iani wlebis bolos gamoikveTa: moskovma uari Tqva aRmosavleT
evropaze, e.i. sabWoTa kavSiridan daTanxmda mxolod baltiispireTis
qveynebis damoukideblobas, imperiidan maT gamoyofas. danarCeni
respublikebi garkveul etapze unda darCeniliyvnen sabWoTa kavSiris
SemadgenlobaSi, Semdgom ki ssr kavSiris samarTalmemkvidre saxelmwifos
gavlenis sferoSi (d. SveliZe, 2008, gv. 415).
zviad gamsaxurdias xelisufleba da misi saxelmwifoebrivi kursi -
sruli damoukidebloba, ruseTis gavlenisagan Tavis daRweva, rac dsT-Si
SeusvlelobiT gamoixata, miuRebeli iyo moskovisaTvis. miuRebeli
aRmoCnda agreTve dasavleTisa da aSS-Tvis, ramdenadac es ewinaaRmdegeboda
ormxriv SeTanxmebas. yofili sabWoTa respublikebis sruli
damoukidebloba ar Tavsdeboda ,,axali wesrigis" modelSi (garda
baltiispireTisa). aqedan gamomdinare, saqarTvelos xelisuflebis qmedeba
saerTo dinebis sawinaaRmdegod svlas niSnavda da ,,uxerxulobebs" qmnida
dasavleTsa da ruseTs Soris urTierTobaSi. swored amitom aRmoCnda
saqarTvelo saerTaSoriso izolaciaSi.
saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg aSkara qmedebebs ruseTi unda morideboda,
radgan mas arCeuli xelisufleba edga saTaveSi. realobidan gamomdinare,
ruseTma saWirod dainaxa Sesaferisi meTodebiT moqmedeba. man dro ar
dakarga, saqarTveloSi jer osuri, Semdeg ki afxazuri separatizmis
cecxli daanTo.
Sinaurma da gareSe Zalebma kargad gamoiyenes erovnuli xelisuflebis
avtoritaruli midrekilebebi da saerTaSoriso sazogadoebis TvalSi
Seuqmnes faSisturi monstris imiji. momzadda ideologiuri safuZveli-
Sinauri opoziciisa da ruseTisaTvis, amdenad, dasavleTisTvisac,
saqarTvelos xelisuflebis dasamxobad. zviad gamsaxurdias xelisuflebis,
erTaderTi gamosavali Seqmnili situaciidan iyo ruseTis mimarT
kompromisze wasvla da xelismowera samokavSireo xelSekrulebaze (dsT-Si
Sesvla).
zviad gamsaxurdiam kompromisi uaryo.
Seqmnil viTarebaSi saqarTvelo im SemTxvevaSi unda dapirispireboda
ruseTis saxelmwifos, Tu: 1. eyoleboda Zlieri jari; 2. eqneboda erTiani
teritoriisa da nebis mqone mosaxleobis qveyana; 3. eyoleboda Zlieri
mokavSire saxelmwifo an saxelmwifoTa jgufi, romelic saerTaSoriso
sarbielze gaaneitralebda yofili metropoliis antiqarTul agresias (d.
SveliZe, 2008, gv. 422).
zemoT aRniSnul faqtorebs daemata kidev erTi _ saqarTvelos
xelisuflebam Riad dauWira mxari CeCneTis damoukideblobisaTvis
brZolas, rac, erTi mxriv, rainduli nabiji iyo, magram, meore mxriv,
saerTaSoriso politikis enaze niSnavda ruseTTan kidev ufro mwvave
dapirispirebas.
mkvlevari, d. SveliZe, aRniSnavs, rom saqarTvelos pirveli
prezidenti Rrma idealisti, saqarTvelos damoukideblobis wminda ideiT
egzaltirebuli pirovneba iyo. man Tavisi arcTu xangrZlivi sicocxle
erovnuli ideis ganxorcielebas Seswira. misi brZola sruliad
uTanasworo iyo da am martosul brZolaSi Camoyalibda, rogorc
mebrZoli meamboxe. axal droSi zviad gamsaxurdias disidenti uwodes. igi
tipiuri erovnul-politikuri moRvawe, lideri, ideologi da mebrZoli
gaxldaT (d. SveliZe, 2008, gv. 420).
aseTive moRvawe darCa zviad gamsaxurdia qveynis prezidentobis
periodSic. ,,me prezidenti mqvia, - ambobda igi, - magram imperiuli
centris mimarT isev disidenti var. saqarTveloSi rusis jaris gasvlamde.
Cven isev erovnuli moZraoba varT da ara damoukidebeli qveynis
xelisufleba". (gaz. "Èçâåñòèÿ", 1991, 14, XII).
niSnavda Tu ara yovelive es, rom z. gamsaxurdiam raime danaSauli
Caidina sakuTari mosaxleobis winaSe; marTali iyo Tu ara opoziciis
mtkiceba, rom gamsaxurdias xelisuflebas ufskrulisaken mihyavda qveyana,
ris gamoc aucilebeli gaxda misi damxoba? marTalia, z. gamsaxurdiam
Secdomebi dauSva, magram damnaSave iyo is mxare, romelmac amboxeba
wamoiwyo da iaraRiT ebrZoda kanonier xelisuflebas da amiT Sida
erovnuli dapirispireba da ngreva moutana qveyanas.

damowmebuli literatura

gaz. "Èçâåñòèÿ", 1991, 14 Äåêàáðèÿ.

gaz. "Èçâåñòèÿ", 1991, 14 Äåêàáðèÿ.
gaz. "saqarTvelos respublika", 1991, 21 dekemberi.
gaz. "saqarTvelos respublika", 1991, 16 oqtomberi.
d. SveliZe, 2008 - d. SveliZe, politikuri dapirispirebani da
erovnuli xelisuflebis damxoba saqarTvelobaSi (1987-1992), Tb., 2008.
 NATO NIKABADZE

GEORGIA IN INTERNATIONAL ISOLATION

In the begining of 90s of the 20th century the United States became more the ally of
Russia than of the republics, which were striving for independence (G.Gachechiladze);
more concretely, the United States and Russia have agreed on the spheres of influence:
Moscow ceded the Eastern Europe and Baltic countries, but kept the Caucasus, the
Middle East, Ukraine and Moldova.
The state policy of Zviad Gamsakhurdia, which meant the complete independence,
was unacceptable for Moscow, for Europe and the United States. From this we can
conclude that the state policy of Georgia meant swimming against the current. Therefore,
Georgia found itself in the international isolation.
Guiding from the new reality, Russia did not waste time and set fire first to
Ossetian and then to Abkhazian separatism. The only way out for the Georgian
government was to compromise and sign the inter-ally treaty (Commonwealth of
Independent Countries).
Perhaps, there were some mistakes in the steps taken by Zviad Gamsakhurdia, but
his opponents who took weapons against the government were irresponsible of their
actions that split the population and brought destructions and sufferings in the country.