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2011
Market
value:
USD
68.4
billion

Healthcare revenue in India is set to reach

USD160 billion by 2017; expenditure is
likely to expand at a CAGR of 15.2 per
cent over 201117.
Rising incomes, greater health awareness,
lifestyle diseases and increasing access to
insurance will contribute to growth.

Investment in healthcare infrastructure is

set to rise, benefiting both hard
(hospitals) and soft (R&D, education)
infrastructure.
Medical tourism is emerging as one of the
most lucrative investment areas in the
country.

2017
Market
value:
USD
160
billion

India Advantage

Availability of a large pool of well-trained

medical professionals in the country.
India has an advantage over its peers in the
West and Asia in terms of cost of highquality medical services offered.

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The government aims to develop India as a

global healthcare hub
Policy support in the form of reduced
excise and customs duty, and exemption in
service tax
Initiatives like NRHM would boost
healthcare in rural areas
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Segments of Health Care Industry

Hospitals

Pharmaceutical

Diagnostics

Medical
Equipment

Medical
Insurance

Market Revenue Breakup

Source: Hospital Market India by

Research on India,
Aranca Research

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Inadequate for serving the needs of growing population.

Efforts are made up to create Infrastructure and to provide Manpower.
Build up Appropriate linkages between the various centers.

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Sub centers 137271 nos.

Dispensaries 27400 nos.
Primary health centers 22971 nos.
Community health centers 2935 nos.
Hospitals 15097 nos.

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HOSPITALS:
Government Hospital
4475 nos.
Charitable Trusts Hospitals 335 nos.
Private / Corporate Hospitals 10289 nos.

375987 Beds
19677 Beds
228155 Beds

15099 nos.

623819 Beds

TOTAL

HOSPITAL BEDS TO POPULATION RATIO:

India - 0.9:1000
DEVELOPED COUNTRIES

USA
UK
GERMANY
FRANCE
ITALY
CANADA
CHINA
SWEDEN
JAPAN

- 3:1000
- 3:1000
- 8.3:1000
- 6.6:1000
- 3.5:1000
- 3.2:1000
- 3.8:1000
- 2.7:1000
- 13.7:1000

Source: Central Intelligence Agency

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DOCTORS TO PATIENT RATIO:

India - 0.65/1000
DEVELOPED COUNTRIES

USA
- 2.42/1000
UK
- 2.77/1000
GERMANY - 3.69/1000
FRANCE - 3.38/1000
ITALY
- 3.8/1000
CANADA - 2.07/1000
CHINA
-1.46/1000
SWEDEN - 3.8/1000
JAPAN
- 2.14/1000

Source: Central Intelligence Agency

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STRONG ECONOMY:
$4.99 Trillion dollar economy.
4th largest economy in the world.
56.9% of GDP from service sector.
25.8% of GDP from industry sector.

STRONG ENABLERS:
Economy expected to grow at around 6% + annually.
Young employable human resources.
A market of 1,236,344,631(JULY 2014 EST.) Population.

India, emerging as a most

favored destination in medical
tourism

India needs to add 80000

hospital beds each year for
next five years

OVERVIEW:
Indian healthcare market expected to touch USD 160 billion crores by 2017.
Annual growth rate of 15% for the next 15 years.

Source: Central Intelligence Agency

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In a nut shell, it is clear evident that

900 MW plus (approx.) is required to
be generated every year to cater to the
anticipated growing demand of
4,00,000 plus beds 5 years down the
line in India.

Sector
Central Govt.
Private
State Govt.
TOTAL

Total (in MW)

66,997.94
76,095.30
90,836.70
2,33,929.94

% of total
28.64%
32.53%
38.83%
100.00%

Actual power supply position in terms of peak demand met during the year
2011-12 in India
Peak demand in MW

1,36,006
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Peak met in MW

1,16,191

Surplus / Deficit
in MW

in %

-13,815

-10.6
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Given the backdrop of the power scenario, the way out to resolve the crisis is to reduce the demand to match with
the available supply.
As there remain a lot of social issues in bringing down the existing demand, the fresh demand that is being added
into the system should be managed.
Rational use requires that we obtain maximum efficiency from the energy consumption and from the facilities
required for the generation and distribution of such energy.

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It has put onus on the companies developing the countrys infrastructure to bring down
the carbon footprint of the new immovable assets coming up in the country.

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Power saving is equal to Power generation.

Necessity & Effective Implementation of energy conservation

measures to reduce the energy demand.

Exploring utilization of same materials for various purposes to the

maximum extent and Usage of extra/new materials will be
greatly reduced.

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Power requirement for different electrical

appliances and installations for a typical
Health care building as stipulated by
National Electrical Code (NEC).

Re-arrangement of these loads by altering

the loading factors explained down the line
and witnessed the power savings possible.

Proportions of various loads & Power requirement in Health care buildings

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DG SET -1

DG SET -2

Transformer -1

SECTION - 1

vi.
vii.
viii.
ix.
x.
xi.
xii.

LIGHTING
SMALL POWER
AHU PUMPS
VENTILATION FANS
MONOBLOC, SOLAR HOT WATER
SYSTEM,DRINKING WATER COOLER ,OWC
STP,WTP & RO PLANT
SWIMMING POOL TREATMENT UNIT
SEWAGE PUMPS
SERVICE BUILDING LOADS LIGHTING &
SMALL POWER
KITCHEN LOADS
CHILLERS
FACILITIES LIGHTING

Transformer -2

B/C

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AMF CUM SYNCHRONIZING PANEL

GRID SUPPLY

B/C

SECTION - 2

i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
vi.

LIFTS
PRIMARY PUMP , SECONDARY PUMP, CONDENSER
PUMP & COOLING TOWER LOADS
HYDROPNEUMATIC & BOREWELL PUMPS
FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM
EXTERNAL LIGHTING
CHILLERS

CBS

EMERGENCY LIGHTING
CBS - CENTRAL BATTERY SYSTEM
ELV - EXTRA LOW VOLTAGE
UPS - UNINTERRUPTABLE POWER SUPLLY

DG SET -4

B/C

AMF CUM SYNCHRONIZING PANEL

GRID SUPPLY

i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.

DG SET -3

SECTION - 3

ELECTROMEDICAL
EQUIPMENTS

UPS

i.
ii.

BUILDING UPS LOADS

IT & ELV SERVER

B&F EDRC - CHENNAI

DG SET -1

DG SET -2

Transformer -1

SECTION - 1

vi.
vii.
viii.
ix.
x.
xi.
xii.

LIGHTING
SMALL POWER
AHU PUMPS
VENTILATION FANS
MONOBLOC, SOLAR HOT WATER
SYSTEM,DRINKING WATER COOLER ,OWC
STP,WTP & RO PLANT
SWIMMING POOL TREATMENT UNIT
SEWAGE PUMPS
SERVICE BUILDING LOADS LIGHTING &
SMALL POWER
KITCHEN LOADS
CHILLERS
FACILITIES LIGHTING

CBS - CENTRAL BATTERY SYSTEM

ELV - EXTRA LOW VOLTAGE
UPS - UNINTERRUPTABLE POWER
SUPLLY

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DG SET -4

B/C

AMF CUM SYNCHRONIZING PANEL

GRID
SUPPLY

i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.

DG SET -3

GRID
SUPPLY

Transformer -2

B/C

AMF CUM SYNCHRONIZING PANEL

B/C

SECTION - 2

i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
vi.

LIFTS
PRIMARY PUMP , SECONDARY PUMP,
CONDENSER PUMP & COOLING TOWER LOADS
HYDROPNEUMATIC & BOREWELL PUMPS
FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM
EXTERNAL LIGHTING
CHILLERS

CBS

EMERGENCY
LIGHTING
(90 MINUTES)

SECTION - 3

ELECTROMEDICAL
EQUIPMENTS

UPS

i.
ii.

BUILDING UPS LOADS

(30 MINUTES)
IT & ELV SERVER
(30 MINUTES)

B&F EDRC - CHENNAI

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Lighting system
Elevators
Electro-medical and its allied systems
Exploring same materials for multi use
and using of new materials are greatly
reduced.
Building Management Systems (BMS)
ELV systems

B&F EDRC - CHENNAI

CONCEPT:
Sustainable Lighting Solutions for a Healing Environment in patient
rooms
SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS:

Designed to automatically manage a daily rhythm of light,

promoting sleep-wake rhythm.

For better look out and healing environment, a colour

rendering property and light reflectance values (LRV) shall
be ensured.

High Energy efficient light fixtures such as CFL, FTL (T5

lamps) and LED type pendant light fixtures in operation
theatre (replacement of Metal halide light fixtures) are
mostly used across these buildings,

The luminous efficacy i.e., Lumens per watts is increased

without compromising the Illumination requirement in a
particular location.

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L&T CONSTRUCTION

A Centralized lighting control

system is used to control the
light fixtures in common
areas like corridor, Lobby,
etc. across various floors in
the multi-storey hospital
building.

The centralized lighting

control
panel
can
be
integrated with centralized
BMS system interfaced via
Programmable
Logic
Controller..

Remote operation via BMS

provides
an
integrated
approach to control and
energy management.

LPD of 0.8 to 0.9 and total

power load percentage of 6.5
to 7.5% is achieved against
the requirement of 25% for
lighting load from the total
power requirement.
B&F EDRC - CHENNAI

Elevator is a mechanical device which is used for vertical

transporting of people or goods from one level to another.

This is treated as one of the lifesaving element.

Gearless types elevators are emerged as effective one and

control drive with VFD working in closed loop system.

This paves a way to reduce the energy requirement much

appreciable value due to the advantage of requiring a less
powerful motor to turn the sheave.

This type of Elevators is proved to be efficient in terms of

operating speed as well.

This way, the power requirement has been brought down to 4%

from the total power requirement against 15%.

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Passenger lifts.
Bed lifts.
Service lifts.
Dumb waiters

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Public Health Engineering (PHE) system, as a part of

waste management system and infection control, an
amount of power is required to carry out certain
activities like Sewage treatment plant, Water treatment
plant and other treatment plant for radioactive wastes,
Infectious waste, etc.

This contributes to 10% of the total power load.

It is necessary to explore Energy efficient equipments

such as selecting maximum efficiency between 70% to
80% for pumps/motors and Solar geysers/heaters for hot
water supply network with Electrical power back up.

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Sewage treatment plant

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hot water boiler

Solar geyser

Power requirement
has been brought
down to 4% from the
total power
requirement against
10%.
Water &
landscape pumps
ro plant
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 Medical equipment also known as Life support is

designed to aid in the diagnosis and is used greatly to
maintain a patient's bodily function.

Monitors to measure patient vital signs and other

parameters.
Most of them of Electro medical installations are of
sensitive electronic equipments.
In a hospital building, Electro medical & its related
installations contribute to 20% approx. of the total power
requirement in that building.
This Power electronic equipments are susceptible to misoperation caused by harmonic distortion.

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 The degree to which harmonics is determined by the susceptibility of the load (or power source) to them. The
most susceptible type of equipment is that whose design or constitution assumes (nearly) perfect sinusoidal
fundamental input.
CASE STUDY
At Transformer Incomer Feeder,

Voltage variation
Observed 230 volts to 236 volts which is normal as per
the standards variation.

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Current variation
Observed1147amps to a max. of 1485 amps, Neutral
current 1068 amps to 1550 amps & led to system
unstable.
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Power Factor

The power factor is read between 0.84 to 0.89 against

the desirable value of 0.95 & more.

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Total Harmonic Distortion

THD (I) is 5 to 6% and THD (V) is about 1.6% which

is quite normal as per the IEEE 519.

B&F EDRC - CHENNAI

At Medical equipment feeder,

Voltage variation
Observed 234 volts to 238 volts which is normal as per
the standards variation.

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Current variation
The phase current is about 40 amps in all the three
phases and the neutral current is about 230 amps which
is not advisable as it leads to unstable of the power
system.

B&F EDRC - CHENNAI

At Medical equipment feeder,

Voltage variation
Observed 234 volts to 238 volts which is normal as per
the standards variation.

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Current variation
The phase current is about 40 amps in all the three
phases and the neutral current is about 230 amps which
is not advisable as it leads to unstable of the power
system.

B&F EDRC - CHENNAI

Power Factor

The power factor is read between 0.84 to 0.96 against

the desirable value of 0.95 & more.

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Total Harmonic Distortion

THD (I) is 40% and THD (V) is about 1.4% which is

quite normal as per the IEEE 519.

B&F EDRC - CHENNAI

 Non-linear medical equipment's and sensitive

loads like CATH lab, MRI CT scan, LINAC, PET
CT, etc. loads should be designed such that to have
separate impedance.
Using a separate feeding circuit for separate loads
can reduce shared impedance and minimize load to
load interference.
Load balancing should be achieved for better and
efficient operation such that life cycle of the
equipment's installed can be ensured very high.

Shared impedance circuit

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Focusing on higher percentage of

84% towards Electricity calls for
Automation,
wherein
Energy
conservation is possible.

Proportions of Overall Energy

Consumption in a Typical
building

Monitor consumption

Save money
Control usage

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Lower risk of illness

(sick building syndrome)

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Lower emissions

Alarms for faulty equipment

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Usage of lesser fossil fuel

High Efficiency in operation

Reduced green house gas

Reduction in maintenance
staff
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A Building Management System,

which is PC, based Management
system used in a building with /
without graphic interface for various
utilities for,
Central
control
&
monitoring of various
Parameters.
Energy data management.
Alarm management.
Data management.
Scheduling Preventative
maintenance.
Energy optimization.
Minimum downtime.

CCTV Monitoring
PA
Control
ler

ACS
Workstat
ion

IBMS
Workstat
ion
Printer

IBM
S
Serve
r

LOC: HOSPITAL
COMMAND CENTER

10/100/1000 Mbps
LAN

Cameras
(Typ.)

BACnet

Fire
Alarm
Control
Panel
Amplifier
Remote
Call
Station

Life Safety Manager

CCTV
Storage

LON

Modbus

ACCESS
Controller
(Typ.)

Security System Manager

Building Manager

BMS architecture
Optimized man power, Control usage, Improved comfort.
Flexibility in information availability via web link/Internet/Intranet.
The health care buildings are designed by integrating other ELV systems like Nurse call system,
Hospital Management System, CCTV, Public Address system, CATV system, Data/LAN network
system, Telephone and EPABX system to make the operation & facilities much more user friendly and
for operational excellence.

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LOC: CONTROL ROOM

BMS Workstation

Security System Network (10/100 Mpbs LAN)

General
Purpose
Controller DDC (Typ.)

AHUs

Chillers
Field
devices

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Unitary
Controller Integrator
(Typ.)
Third Party
Integration
1. Lift
2. VFD
3. CPM

BTU
Meter,
Water
Meter

Fans

PHE Pumps

Fire Pumps

B&F EDRC - CHENNAI

Building Management system is provided for

Automated Control & Monitoring of HVAC Systems

Automated Control & Monitoring of PHE Systems

Monitoring of Fire Fighting Systems

Monitoring of Electrical Panels

Energy Billing (Yearly/Monthly/Daily)

Proposed Building Management System

will have following components;

IP Master DDC

Integrators

Felid Equipments

BMS Workstation

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 PCMS System has been designed for the Control and Monitoring of all main electrical panels(HT Panel,LT panel, Main
distribution panels.)exclusively;

Dedicated system for Electrical systems control & monitoring apart from BMS

Electrical Panels

DG

Lighting control

UPS

The system will have dedicated monitor for Control & Monitoring.

This system will integrate with IBMS software for Critical alarm monitoring through IBMS Screen.
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BMS

Control & Monitoring of HVAC & PHE

Monitoring of Fire fighting systems

People count through Turnstile integration

PCMS (POWER CONTROL MONITORING SYSTEM)

Energy Management systems

Critical alarms from CCTV & Access control systems

Safety systems

Monitoring of Various Resources like Power, Water & Gas

Security systems

Critical alarms from PCMS

Monitoring of the healthiness of Fire Alarm & PA systems

IBMS Software is considered to integrate between various subsystems software's.

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Hospital Management System

Telephone & EPABX system

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Nurse Call system

Public Address system

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Structure Earthing System and Equipotential Bonding

A Structural steel bar is identified (among various existing rods) in the column and slab to make the required Grid /
Mat to achieve the step and touch potential.
Structure Earthing forms the faradays cage for the Entire building.

TOUCH POTENTIAL

STEP POTENTIAL
To be continued

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EARTHING & BONDING OF SUBSTATION

EARTHING & BONDING OF TECHNICAL

ROOMS

Precautionary measures to be taken:

Re-bar steel at beam/column/pile/pile cap level identified as part of structural earthing shall be maintained
completely dry and clean.
In order to prevent rust/corrosion of that steel, it shall be painted with non-rusting primer and finished with
not less than two stove enamel coating (finish can be with light grey with RAL standard color) throughout
the length.
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Interconnecting arrangement of structure rebar at piles & Columns.

DETAIL 1-1

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For single sided

welding, minimum
length of 100mm
shall be
maintained.

For double sided

welding, minimum
length of 55mm
shall be
maintained.

DETAIL-2
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Continuity
maintained
by welding
of
reinforceme
nt rods

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Reinforcement steel is used for forming Grid/Mat as per the Calculation in order to meet the required Step and
Touch Potential.

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Earth strips laid below plinth

level to create low impedance
path
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Earth grid formed as

per calculation
B&F EDRC - CHENNAI

Interconnecting strips
are being joined using
DC welding to make
Grid formation
Earth rod of 3 mtrs being
driven at the junctions/
interconnecting strips

Earth rod is being joined

together with grids to enhance
the low impedance path to
meet out the required Step &
Touch potential as per design

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STEP-1

Distance between the two

identified pile rods is
measured
Identified rod in on
Pile for structural
Earthing marked
using green colour
tape.

STEP-3

16mm non
reinforcing
rods used for
linking

STEP-2

STEP-4

Identified
Pile rod for
Structural
Earthing

The length of
welding seam min
100mm (for single
side welding) and
min 55mm
(Double side
welding).

linking the adjacent piles using non

reinforcing rod (16mm)
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MAKE WELDING ON THE

CONNECTIONS

B&F EDRC - CHENNAI

STEP-5

Link from
pile rods to
column.

STEP-6

Link
between
two
column
rods
Linking of column and pile rods
using 16mm reinforcing rods and
make welding at that points

Green colour marking on

column rods used for
Structural Earthing
After the completion of concreting the particular column
rods are marked using green color tape for easy
identification.

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Tangible benefits:

Equipment's operating within the building is highly

protected against damage due to lightning protection as
well (Faradays cage).
Reliability is very high.
Savings in materials usage.
Since the requirement of Cu. Earth strip and Earth
Electrode is greatly reduced, cost incurring for the same
will be avoided.
Capital cost and Running cost is significantly reduced.
No. of Activities involved for the system during
execution is very less.

To be continued.
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Intangible benefits:

No. of Activities involved for the system during execution is

very less.

Reduction in significant time is possible.

No additional external space is required for laying Earth pits.

Aesthetically the external environment can be maintained with

high profile.

Clash free coordination with other services are easily possible

which in turn saves design time significantly.

Possibility of theft is averted during construction.

Maintenance of Earth mat is not required to be done at regular

intervals as like conventional Earth Electrodes.

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B&F EDRC - CHENNAI

Fire Alarm panel at

control room
Repeater panel at
Reception

Fire responder station at main Security

cabin at entry

To BMS

Fire Alarm
panel for partial
Zone

Fire Alarm panel at

Reception

Fire Alarm panel for

Service building

Repeater station located

for Partial Zone

Repeater panel at Partial Zone

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B&F EDRC - CHENNAI

Re-arrangement Proportions of various loads & Power requirement in

Health care buildings

In a Nut shell, Re-arrangement of these loads by altering the loading factors is demonstrated.

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B&F EDRC - CHENNAI

Mammoth Targets Ahead

Efforts are being taken for a further reduction in the power demand without compromising the energy
requirements by adopting innovative techniques.

Its all about Imagineering

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