Digital Thermometer

MKA.Shah Patel
Electronics Department,
MHSSCOE, Mumbai University,
shahpatel19@gmail.com
Abstract This document is about a simple 0-100 C digital
thermometer with 1 C using 8051 microcontroller .The device
senses the heat of the body using a temperature sensor using
LM35 and displays the output on the LCD display.
Keywords LCD, LM35, 8051

I. INTRODUCTION
Thermometer is a Greek word made up of thermo+meter.
Thermo means warm and meter means to measure. The
thermometer has two important elements : the temperature
sensor in which some physical change occurs with temperature
and some means of converting this physical change into value
II. DESIGN PROCEDURE
A. Block Diagram:

B. Circuit Diagram:

It consists of two sections. One is that which senses the

temperature. This is a temperature sensor LM 35. The other
section converts the temperature value into a suitable number
in Celsius scale which is done by the ADC0804. A digital
thermometer can be easily made by interfacing a temperature
sensor to the microcontroller AT89C51. The temperature
sensor used in the project isLM35. The LM 35 IC generates a
10mV variation to its output voltage for every degree Celsius
change in temperature. The Output of the temperature sensor is
analog in nature so we need an analog to digital convertor for
converting the analog input to its equivalent binary
output.ADC 0804 is an analog to digital convertor IC used in
the project. 0804 is a single channel convertor which converts
the analog input up to a range of 5V to an equivalent 8-bit
binary output.

C. Component selection:
LM35 : The temperature sensor
The operating temperature range is from -55C to 150C. The
output voltage varies by 10mV in response to every oC rise/fall
in ambient temperature, i.e., its scale factor is 0.01V/ oC.
ADC 0804 :The Output of the temperature sensor is analog in
nature, is the analog to digital convertor IC used in the project.
0804 is a single channel convertor which converts the analog
input up to a range of 5V to an equivalent 8-bit binary output.
AT89C51. for interfacing the temperature sensor to the
microcontroller . The microcontroller reads the input through
ADC and displays the corresponding decimal value on LCD.
indicating the temperature.
Crystal oscillator of 11.059 MHz used to provide accurate and
precise time pulse. Crystal also generates clock pulses so that
all the internal operation are synchronized
Preset- made to offer varying resistance used for adjusting
sensitivity along with a sensor.
16x2 LCD display 16 characters per line and there are 2 such
lines

D. Component List:

Sr.N
o.
1
2.
3.
4.
5
6.
7.
8.
9.

Component
Name
LM35
ADC0804
Resistor
Capacitors
Oscillator
Microcontroller
LCD display
Preset
Power supply

Specification

Quantity

10K
150pF,10uF
11.0592MHz
89C51
16X2
10K
+5V

1
1
2
1
1
1
1
2
1

instruments. Even the human error involved in reading these

instruments is very less, which adds to the accuracy of digital
instruments.
[3] The electronic items tend to be cheaper than the
mechanical items.
[4] The data from the instruments can be recorded for future
reference.
[5] The output of the digital devices can be obtained in the
computer

III. RESULTS
Simulation result:
V. CONCLUSION

LCD1

+5V

LM016L

RS
RW
E

D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14

4
5
6

10k

1
2
3

VSS
VDD
VEE

RV2

C2
33u

RV1
X1

19

CRYSTAL
18

XTAL1
XTAL2

BAT1

10k

29
30
31

U4
1
2
3
4
5
8
10
9
19

C1
150p

6
7

CS
RD
WR
CLK IN
INTR
A GND
D GND
VREF/2
CLK R
VIN+
VIN-

VCC
DB0(LSB)
DB1
DB2
DB3
DB4
DB5
DB6
DB7(MSB)

20
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

RST

PSEN
ALE
EA

P1.0
P1.1
P1.2
P1.3
P1.4
P1.5
P1.6
P1.7

P0.0/AD0
P0.1/AD1
P0.2/AD2
P0.3/AD3
P0.4/AD4
P0.5/AD5
P0.6/AD6
P0.7/AD7
P2.0/A8
P2.1/A9
P2.2/A10
P2.3/A11
P2.4/A12
P2.5/A13
P2.6/A14
P2.7/A15
P3.0/RXD
P3.1/TXD
P3.2/INT0
P3.3/INT1
P3.4/T0
P3.5/T1
P3.6/WR
P3.7/RD

39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17

R2
10k

A digital thermometer is made by interfacing a temperature

LM35 sensor to the microcontroller AT89C51. displays the
corresponding the temperature on LCD.
Atmel architecture was studied successfully. LCD and
ADC0804 interfacing with AtmelAT89C51 was studied and
implemented on Proteus and same was assembled on a
PCB.Thus we have successfully made digital thermometer

VI. REFERENCES

80C51

ADC0804

R1
10k

[1] (2013) Engineer garage website. [Online].

http://www.engineersgarage.com/insight/how-digital-thermometer-work
[2] www.scribd.com/doc/50142510/Digital-thermometer-report
[3] Mazidi & Mazidi, The 8085 microcontroller & embedded system, 2nd
edition, Pearson edu.

To get output the port-0 is changed by port-2 accordingly

VII. ENCLOSURES
coding is also changed.
Also the LCD connections 7-14 are changed to pin21-28
[1]Detailed circuit diagram with detail explanation
instead of 32-39 of microcontroller.
In the display, the temperature range is from 0-103C.
[2]Simulation result
[3]PCB layout (Art work)
[4] ]Modelling
III. APPLICATIONS
[5] Microcontroller coding
[6] Datasheet of components used
[1] They are very easy to read.
[2] ) Since there are very few moving parts in the electronic
instruments, they are usually more accurate than the analogue