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Subsea Engineering
Topics
Overview of Upper completion components
Christmas Trees
Well Head
Tubing Hangers
Tubing
Packers and Seals
Surface
or
Subsea?
Surface Tree
Solid block or flanged
type
Manually operated
Master Valve - A valve located on the Christmas Tree that controls all flow from
the wellbore. A correctly functioning master valve is so important that two master
valves are fitted to most Christmas trees. The upper master valve is used on a
routine basis, with the lower master valve providing backup or contingency
function in the event that the normal service valve is leaking and needs
replacement.
Swab Valve - The topmost valve on a Christmas tree that provides vertical access to
the wellbore. It lies in the path used for well intervention like wireline and coiled
tubing
Dual Bore
configuration
Tubing hanger
landed in
wellhead.
Two production master valves may be provided.
The lower production master valve is designed for ROV operation.
There is usually only one annulus master valve.
Tubing hanger
landed in tree.
Christmas Trees
Well Head
Tubing Hangers
Tubing
Packers and Seals
Onshore - Wellhead
Selah Pit
Christmas Trees
Well Head
Tubing Hangers
Tubing
Packers and Seals
Tubing Hangers
Transfers loads from the
completion to the ground via the
surface casing
Structural support to tubing
Pressure and flow barrier
Christmas Trees
Well Head
Tubing Hangers
Tubing
Packers and Seals
Tubing Design
The cost of tubulars and completion
components is often a large portion of the
total well cost and can be as high as 20%
of the total. The tubing and completion
forms an integral part of the safety
structure of the well. Failure of the
completion can result in injuries, fatalities,
major expenditure and considerable loss
of production
Plastic Behavior
Buoyancy Effect
Thermal Loading
Buckling
Burst Loading
Collapse Loading
Triaxial Design
Other Considerations