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D EUTSCHE NORM
1045-2
In keeping with current practice in standards published by the International Organization for Standardization
(ISO), a comma has been used throughout as the decimal marker.
Contents
Page
Page
Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1
Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Normative references . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
6 Specification of concrete . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
6.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
6.2 Specification for designed concrete . . . . . 19
6.2.2 Basic requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.
In case of doubt, the German-language original should be consulted as the authoritative text.
Page 2
DIN 1045-2 : 2001-07
6.2.3 Additional requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
6.4 Specification of standardized prescribed
concrete . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
7 Delivery of fresh concrete . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
7.1 Information from the user of the concrete
to the producer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
7.2 Information from the producer of the
concrete to the user . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
7.3 Delivery ticket for ready-mixed concrete . . 20
7.5 Consistence at delivery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
7.6 Transport of concrete to the site . . . . . . . . 21
8
Annex B (normative)
Identity testing for compressive strength . . . . . . 25
Annex C (normative)
Provisions for assessment, surveillance and
certification of production control . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Annex D (informative)
Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Annex E (informative)
Guidance on the application of the equivalent
performance concept of concrete properties . . . 26
Figures
Figure 1: Relationship between DIN EN 206-1
and DIN 1045-2, codes of practice relating to
concrete construction, standards for design and
workmanship, standards and approvals for
constituent materials, and test standards . . . . . . . 4
Figure L.1: Grading curves for 8 mm
maximum particle size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Figure L.2: Grading curves for 16 mm
maximum particle size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Figure L.3: Grading curves for 32 mm
maximum particle size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Figure L.4: Grading curves for 63 mm
maximum particle size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Tables
Table 1:
Exposure classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Table 5:
Compaction classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Table 6:
Flow classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Annex F (normative)
Recommendation for limiting values of
concrete composition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Annex H (normative)
Additional provisions for high-strength
concrete . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Annex K (normative)
Concrete families . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Annex L (informative)
Particle size analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Page 3
DIN 1045-2 : 2001-07
*) References to standards of the DIN 1045 series and to DIN EN 206-1 are to the July 2001 editions.
**) Referred to as Technische Baubestimmungen in Germany.
***) This English translation also includes subsequent amendments and addenda from a Corrigendum to
DIN 1045-2 (DIN 1045-2 Ber 1), issued in 2002. These are identified by a translators note.
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DIN 1045-2 : 2001-07
Foreword
Figure 1 of DIN EN 206-1 is replaced by the following figure 1:
Plain, reinforced and prestressed concrete structures
Design and
construction
DIN 1045-1
Concrete
DIN EN 206-1
DIN 1045-2
Workmanship
DIN 1045-3
Supplementary
rules for production
and conformity of
precast elements
DIN 1045-4
Cement
DIN EN 197-1 and DIN 1164
Trass cement
DIN 51043
Mixing water
Subclause 5.1.4 of the present standard
Figure 1: Relationship between DIN EN 206-1 and DIN 1045-2, codes of practice relating to concrete
construction, standards for design and workmanship, standards and approvals for constituent
materials, and test standards
*) Referred to as agrment in the following.
Page 5
DIN 1045-2 : 2001-07
Scope
Normative references
Page 6
DIN 1045-2 : 2001-07
DIN ISO 3310-1 Test sieves Requirements and testing Part 1: Test
sieves of metal wire cloth (ISO 3310-1 : 2000)
DIN ISO 3310-2 Test sieves Technical requirements and testing
Part 2: Test sieves of perforated metal plate
(ISO 3310-2 : 1999)
DAfStb-Richtlinie Beton
mit
verlngerter
Verarbeitbarkeitszeit
(Verzgerter Beton) Eignungsprfung, Herstellung, Verarbeitung und
Nachbehandlung (DAfStb Code of practice on retarded concrete
Suitability testing, production, placing and curing) 1)
DAfStb-Richtlinie fr die Herstellung von Beton unter Verwendung von
Restwasser, Restbeton und Restmrtel (DAfStb Code of practice on
concrete made using recycled water, recycled concrete and recycled
mortar)1)
DAfStb-Richtlinie Vorbeugende Manahmen gegen schdigende
Alkalireaktion im Beton (Alkali-Richtlinie) (DAfStb Code of practice on the
prevention of harmful alkali reactions in concrete)1)
DAfStb-Richtlinie Betonbau beim Umgang mit wassergefhrdenden
Stoffen (DAfStb Code of practice on concrete structures in contact with
water pollutants)1)
DAfStb-Richtlinie Beton mit rezykliertem Zuschlag (DAfStb Code of
practice on concrete with recycled aggregate)1)
DAfStb-Richtlinie Selbstverdichtender Beton (DAfStb Code of practice on
self-compacting concrete) 2)
DAfStb-Heft 337 Verhalten von Beton bei hohen Gebrauchstemperaturen (DAfStb Code of practice on behaviour of concrete exposed
to high service temperatures)
FGSV-Merkblatt fr Herstellung und Verarbeitung von Luftporenbeton
(FGSV Code of practice on the production and placing of air entrained
concrete), issued by Forschungsgesellschaft fr Straen- und Verkehrswesen e.V. (Road and Traffic Research Association)
Zulassungsrichtlinien des Deutschen Instituts fr Bautechnik fr
anorganische Betonzusatzstoffe (DIBt Guidelines relating to the approval
of anorganic additions in concrete), in Mitteilungen des Deutschen
Instituts fr Bautechnik (DIBt Proceedings), 1993: 24 (4), pp. 122132 3)
Eichordnung (German Act on Weights and Measures), Appendix 13, as of
12 August 1988, BGBl. I (German Federal Law Gazette), p.1657
Gesetz zur Ordnung des Wasserhaushalts (German Water Management
Act), as of 12 November 1996, BGBl. (Federal Law Gazette) I, No. 58, pp.
16951711
3
3.1
3.1.46 Verification
The following note is added:
1)
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DIN 1045-2 : 2001-07
3.1.49 Exposure class
Classification of the chemical and physical environmental actions to which
concrete can be exposed and which may affect concrete, reinforcement
and metal embedded parts but which are not taken into account when
designing the structure.
3.1.50 Recycled water
Water which occurs on the site of concrete production and which, after
treatment, is used once more for concrete production.
3.1.51 Flowing concrete
Concrete of consistence described as very soft, flowable and highly
flowable.
NOTE See table 6.
3.1.52 Equivalent water/cement ratio
Ratio by mass of the effective water content to the combined cement
content and the k-value to take into account additions (cf. subclause
5.2.5.2).
3.2
Symbols
c
f
s
kf
ks
f c,dry
(w/c)eq
XM
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DIN 1045-2 : 2001-07
Classification
4.1
Table 1 of DIN EN 206-1 is replaced by the following table. In particular, corrosion due to wear is now taken into account
(see 7).
Table 1: Exposure classes
Class
Description of environment
Moderately humid
(continued)
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DIN 1045-2 : 2001-07
Table 1 (continued)
Class
Description of environment
Submerged
Quay walls
External components
(continued)
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DIN 1045-2 : 2001-07
Table 1 (concluded)
Class
Description of environment
Slightly aggressive
chemical environment
according to table 2 of
DIN 206-1
Moderately aggressive
chemical environment
according to table 2 of
DIN EN 206-1, and marine
structures
Highly aggressive
chemical environment
according to table 2 of
DIN EN 206-1
Moderate wear
Considerable wear
Extreme wear
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DIN 1045-2 : 2001-07
4.2
Fresh concrete
Degree of
compactability
Consistence
Very stiff
to
Stiff
to
Plastic
to
Soft
Flow diameter,
in mm
Consistence
Stiff
to
Plastic
to
Soft
to
Very soft
to
Flowable
Highly flowable
5
5.1
5.1.1 General
The wording after the second dash in the note is replaced by the following.
an agrment which expressly refers to the suitability of the
constituent materials for concrete production;
the standards given in the following clauses or EC Directives
adopted as national building regulations *).
5.1.2 Cement
The following wording is substituted:
General suitability is established for cement conforming to EN 197-1 and
DIN 1164.
5.1.3 Aggregates
The following wording is substituted:
Pending the adoption of European Standards or EC Directives as national
building regulations*), normal-weight and heavyweight aggregates
meeting the standard requirements specified in DIN 4226-1 and
lightweight aggregate meeting the standard requirements specified in
DIN 4226-2 shall be deemed suitable.
*) See **) on page 3.
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DIN 1045-2 : 2001-07
5.1.4 Mixing water
The following wording is substituted:
Pending the adoption of European Standards or EC Directives as national
building regulations *), the following shall be deemed suitable for use as
mixing water: drinking water, or normal, naturally occurring water
providing this does not contain constituents that adversely affect the
hardening or other properties of the concrete, or the corrosion protection
of the reinforcement. In cases of doubt, the water shall be examined for its
suitability for use in concrete production.
Recycled water conforming to the DAfStb-Richtlinie fr die Herstellung
von Beton unter Verwendung von Restwasser, Restbeton und Restmrtel
shall also be deemed suitable.
5.1.5 Admixtures
The following wording is substituted:
Pending the adoption of European Standards or EC Directives as national
building regulations *), admixtures covered by an agrment shall be
deemed suitable.
5.1.6 Additions (including mineral fillers and pigments)
The following wording is substituted:
Pending the adoption of European Standards or EC Directives as national
building regulations *), mineral fillers to DIN 4226-1, pigments to
DIN EN 12878 and additions covered by an agrment or a European
Technical Approval shall be deemed suitable as type I additions without
requiring further verification.
The suitability as type II additions of fly ash to DIN EN 450, trass cement
to DIN 51043 and additions covered by an agrment shall be deemed
established.
5.2
5.2.1 General
The third paragraph is replaced by the following:
For standardized prescribed concrete, the following restrictions shall
apply:
Natural aggregate shall be used.
The use of additions is not permitted.
The use of admixtures is not permitted.
The minimum cement content shall be taken from table F.5.
The type of cement shall be taken from tables F.3.1 to F.3.3.
5.2.3 Use of aggregates
5.2.3.1 General
The following note is added:
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DIN 1045-2 : 2001-07
5.2.3.5 Recycled aggregate
A new subclause 5.2.3.5 is added:
DAfStb-Richtlinie Beton mit rezykliertem Zuschlag shall be taken into
account when using recycled aggregate.
5.2.3.6 Lightweight aggregate
A new subclause 5.2.3.6 is added:
Expanded clay and expanded slate conforming to DIN 4226-2 may be
used as lightweight aggregate for lightweight concrete.
5.2.4 Use of recycled water
The following wording is substituted:
DAfStb-Richtlinie fr Herstellung von Beton unter Verwendung von
Restwasser, Restbeton und Restmrtel shall be taken into account when
using recycled water for concrete of strength class C50/60 or LC 50/55.
The use of recycled water is not permitted for production of high-strength
concrete.
5.2.5 Use of additions
5.2.5.1 General
The following wording is substituted:
Subject to the specifications of subclause 9.5, type I and type II additions
shall be used in the same quantities as in initial testing.
Type II additions as specified in sublause 5.1.6 may be taken into account
when calculating the cement content and the water/cement ratio provided
their suitability is established.
The suitability of the k-value concept is established for fly ash and silica
fume.
If cement containing silica fume is used as the main constituent, silica
fume shall not also be used as an addition.
For prestressed concrete in which the tendons are to be in direct contact
with the concrete, only fly ash and silica fume or inert mineral filler to
DIN 4226-1 and pigments known not to have an inadvertent effect on
prestressing steel shall be used as additions.
NOTE: Proof of suitability of other additions may take the form of an
agrment.
5.2.5.2 k-value concept
The following wording shall be substituted:
5.2.5.2.1
General
If fly ash is taken into account when calculating the minimum cement
content, the latter may be reduced to that given in line 4 of tables F.2.1 and
Page 14
DIN 1045-2 : 2001-07
F.2.2 for all exposure classes except XF2 and XF4, provided that one of the
following types of cement is used:
Portland cement (CEM I);
Portland silica fume cement (CEM II/A-D);
Portland slag cement (CEM II/A-S or CEM II/B-S);
Portland burnt shale cement (CEM II/A-T or CEM II/B-T);
Portland limestone cement (CEM II/A-LL);
blastfurnace cement (CEM III/A);
blastfurnace cement (CEM III/B up to 70 % (m/m) of granulated
blastfurnace slag, provided its composition is established as specified
in DIN EN 197-1).
The combined cement and fly ash content (c + f) shall not exceed the
minimum cement content from line 3 of tables F.2.1 and F.2.2.
Subclause 5.2.5.2.5 shall be taken into account when using Portland silica
fume cement.
For all exposure classes with the exception of XF2 and XF4, a maximum
permitted equivalent water/cement ratio, k f, equal to 0,4 may be used
instead of the maximum permitted water/cement ratio from tables F.2.1
and F.2.2.
The maximum fly ash content, f/c, that may be taken into account shall be
not more than 33 % (m/m).
If a greater amount of fly ash is used, the excess shall not be taken into
account when calculating the equivalent water/cement ratio.
When making concrete with a high sulfate resistance, a mixture of cement
and fly ash may be used instead of high-sulfate cement to DIN 1164
providing the following conditions are met:
a) the sulfate content of the aggressive water is not more than
1 500 mg/l;
b) the cement is of type CEM I, CEM II/A-S, CEM II/B-S, CEM II/A-T,
CEM II/B-T, CEM II/A-LL or CEM III/A;
c) the fly ash content, referred to the combined cement and fly ash
content (c + f), shall be at least 20 % (m/m) for cement types CEM I,
CEM II/A-S, CEM II/B-S and CEM II/A-LL and at least 10 % (m/m) for
cement types CEM II/A-T, CEM II/B-T and CEM III/A;
d) fly ash whose total alkali content determined as specified in
DIN EN 196-21 and expressed as the sodium oxide equivalent is not
more than 4 % (m/m) may also be used with aggregate of alkali-reaction
classes E II and E III and for moisture classes WF and WA from the
DAfStb-Richtlinie Alkalireaktion im Beton.
Subclause 5.3.4 of this standard shall apply with regard to the use of fly
ash in underwater concrete.
5.2.5.2.3 k-value concept for silica fume
The silica fume content shall be not more than 11 % (m/m) of the cement
content.
If silica fume is taken into account when calculating the minimum cement
content, the latter may be reduced to the level specified in line 4 of
tables F.2.1 and F.2.2 for all exposure classes except XF2 and XF4,
provided that one of the following types of cement is used:
Portland cement (CEM I);
Portland slag cement (CEM II/A-S or CEM II/B-S);
Portland pozzolana cement (CEM II/A-P, CEM II/B-P);
Portland fly ash cement (CEM II/A-V);
Portland burnt shale cement (CEM II/A-T or CEM II/B-T);
Portland limestone cement (CEM II/A-LL);
Portland composite cement (CEM II/B-M (S-V));
blastfurnace cement (CEM III/A, CEM III/B).
The combined cement and silica fume content (c + s) shall be not less than
the minimum cement content from line 3 of tables F.2.1 and F.2.2.
For all exposure classes with the exception of XF2 and XF4, the equivalent
water/cement ratio (equal to unity) may be used instead of the water/
cement ratio.
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DIN 1045-2 : 2001-07
5.2.5.2.4 k-value concept for combinations of fly ash and silica fume
A new subclause 5.2.5.2.4 is added:
If fly ash and silica fume are used in combination, the silica fume content
shall be not more than 11 % (m/m) of the cement.
If both fly ash and silica fume are taken into account when calculating the
minimum cement content, the latter may be reduced to the level specified
in line 4 of tables F.2.1 and F.2.2 for all exposure classes except XF2 and
XF4, provided that the combined content of cement, fly ash and silica fume
(c + f + s) is not less than the minimum cement content from line 3 of
tables F.2.1 and F.2.2.
The specifications of subclause 5.2.5.2.5 shall be taken into account to
ensure that the pore solution is sufficiently alkaline.
For all exposure classes with the exception of XF2 and XF4, the equivalent
water/cement ratio, (w/c)eq, obtained as w/(c + 0,4f + 1,0s), may be used
instead of the water/cement ratio from tables F.2.1 and F.2.2, provided
that the maximum fly ash content is not more than 33 % (m/m) of the
cement and the maximum silica fume is not more than 11 % by total mass
of the cement.
If a greater amount of fly ash is used, the excess shall not be taken into
account when calculating the equivalent water/cement ratios, kf (equal to
0,4) and k s (equal to unity).
5.2.5.2.5 Alkalinity reserve of the pore solution
A new subclause 5.2.5.2.5 is added:
In order to ensure that the pore solution is sufficiently alkaline, cement
consisting of CEM I, fly ash and silica fume shall have a maximum fly ash
content, f/c, equal to 3 (0,22 s/c), expressed as a percentage by mass.
In the case of types CEM II-S, CEM II/A-D, CEM II-T, CEM II/A-LL and
CEM III/A cement, the maximum fly ash content, f/c, shall be 3 (0,15 s/c),
expressed as a percentage by mass.
The use of fly ash and silica fume in combination is not permitted for other
types of cement.
In view of the need to ensure the alkalinity reserve of the pore solution type
CEM II/A-D cement containing fly ash shall be taken to have a silica fume
content of 10 % (m/m).
5.2.5.3 Equivalent concrete performance concept
The fourth paragraph is replaced by the following:
The principle may only be used in connection with agrments or European
Technical Approvals (cf. note 2 to subclause 5.2.5.1 of DIN EN 206-1).
5.2.6 Use of admixtures
Two paragraphs are added after the first paragraph:
A specific check of the admixture content is not necessary in cases where
concrete contains more than one type of admixture and the total admixture
content is not more than 60 g per kilogram of cement (including the
additions that are taken into account in calculations of the cement
content).
For high-strength concrete, the maximum permitted content of plastifying
admixtures shall be 70 g per kilogram or 70 ml per kilogram of cement.
When more than one type of admixture is used, the total admixture content
shall be not more than 80 g per kilogram or 80 ml per kilogram of cement.
The wording of the note is replaced as follows:
NOTE: Concrete of consistence class S4 or above, F4 or above, or V4 shall
be made with high-range water-reducing/super plasticizing admixture.
Page 16
DIN 1045-2 : 2001-07
5.2.7 Chloride content
Table 10 is replaced by the following:
Table 10: Maximum chloride content of concrete
Concrete use
5.3
Page 17
DIN 1045-2 : 2001-07
The ultrafines content shall be taken from table F.4.1 for concrete of
strength class C50/60 and LC50/55 or over and exposure class XF or XM,
and from table F.4.2 for concrete of strength classes C55/67 and LC55/60
or over and any exposure class. For all other types of concrete, the
maximum permitted ultrafines content shall be 550 kg/m.
Where the cement content is between 300 kg/m and 350 kg/m (cf. table F.4.1), intermediate values shall be determined by linear interpolation.
Where the cement content is between 400 kg/m and 500 kg/m (cf. table F.4.2), intermediate values shall be determined by linear interpolation.
The maximum permitted ultrafines content from table F.4.1 may be
increased by the following amount, provided this does not total more than
50 kg/m:
if the cement content is higher than 350 kg/m, by the amount in
excess of 350 kg/m;
if a pozzolanic concrete addition of type II is used, by this content.
The maximum permitted ultrafines content from tables F.4.1 and F.4.2
may be increased by 50 kg/m if the maximum size of aggregate is 8 mm.
Where concrete is exposed to chemical attack of exposure class XA3 or
higher, or to fast flowing water combined with chemical attack as set out
in table 2 of DIN EN 206-1, measures shall be taken to protect the concrete
(such as the application of protective coatings or permanent cladding)
unless expert opinion proposes an alternative solution.
In the presence of aggressive chemicals other than those given in table 2
of DIN EN 206-1 or if the substrate is chemically contaminated, the impact
of the chemical attack shall be investigated and precautionary action
taken, where necessary.
5.3.3 Performance-related design methods
A second paragraph is added:
Performance-related design methods shall only be applied in connection
with agrments or European Technical Approvals.
5.3.4 Requirements for underwater concrete
A new subclause 5.3.4 is added:
If concrete for loadbearing elements is required to be placed under water,
it shall generally be of a soft consistence (cf. DIN 1045-3). The water/
cement ratio shall be not greater than 0,60, and lower if other
environmental factors are involved (e.g. for concrete of exposure
class XA). The minimum cement content shall be not less than 350 kg/m
where aggregate is of 32 mm maximum particle size.
The fly ash content may be included in accordance with subclause
5.2.5.2.2, subject to the following:
a) The combined cement and fly ash content (c + f) shall be not less
than 350 kg/m.
b) The equivalent water/cement ratio, (w/c) eq, obtained as w/(c + 0,7f),
shall be not greater than 0,60.
During placing, the concrete shall flow as a coherent mass so as to be of
dense structure even without compaction. The ultrafines content may be
greater than the limiting values specified in subclause 5.3.2.
5.3.5 Concrete exposed to water-contaminating substances
A new subclause 5.3.5 is added:
Where concrete with unsealed surfaces due to come into contact with fluid
(including liquefied gases) or paste-like water pollutants is classed as
being at risk according to the terms of the Gesetz zur Ordnung des
Wasserhaushalts, the concrete shall comply with the requirements of this
standard and the provisions laid down in DAfStb-Richtlinie Betonbau
beim Umgang mit wassergefhrdenden Stoffen.
5.3.6 Concrete exposed to high service temperatures
A new subclause 5.3.6 is added:
Concrete for exposure to service temperatures up to 250 C shall be made
with aggregate of proven suitability.
NOTE: Further information is given in DAfStb-Heft 337.
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DIN 1045-2 : 2001-07
5.3.7 High-strength concrete
A new subclause 5.3.7 is added:
Concrete of compressive strength classes C90/105 and C100/115, and
high-strength lightweight concrete of compressive strength classes
LC70/77 and LC80/88 shall be covered by an agrment or an individual
agreement.
Tables 22 to 24 and clauses H.1 to H.3 of DIN EN 206-1 shall apply with
regard to the control of high-strength concrete.
5.3.8 Cement mortar for jointing and pointing
A new subclause 5.3.8 is added:
Cement mortar for jointing and pointing of walling units made of precast
concrete elements and filler joists made of concrete up to strength class
C50/60 shall meet the following requirements:
it shall be made from cement conforming to DIN EN 197-1 if
permitted for the respective exposure class (cf. tables F.3.1, F.3.2 and
F.3.3), or cement conforming to DIN 1164 of strength class 32,5 R or
higher;
the cement content shall be at least 400 kg/m;
clean mixed aggregate of up to 4 mm particle size shall be used.
5.4
5.4.1 Consistence
The first paragraph is supplemented by the following:
Preferred methods are the flow diameter test and, for stiffer types of
concrete, the degree of compactibility.
For flow diameters over 700 mm, reference shall be made to the DAfStbRichtlinie Selbstverdichtender Beton, pending publication of which an
agrment or individual agreement is required.
High-strength in-situ concrete shall be of consistence class F 3 or softer.
The third paragraph is supplemented by the following:
An appropriate spot sample may also be taken at the beginning of the
unloading procedure, once the concrete has been thoroughly mixed and
no changes in water content of the fresh concrete are likely to occur.
5.4.2 Cement content and water/cement ratio
The wording of note 1 is replaced by the following, and is given normative character:
When using lightweight aggregate of 4 mm maximum particle size (i.e. light
sand), the water absorption may be determined using the method
specified in DIN 4226-2.
5.4.3 Air content
The paragraph is supplemented by the following:
For flowing concrete, the minimum air content from table F.2.2 shall be
increased by 1 %, and reference made to the FGSV-Merkblatt fr die
Herstellung und Verarbeitung von Luftporenbeton.
5.5
5.5.1 Strength
5.5.1.2 Compressive strength
The second paragraph is supplemented by the following:
Unless otherwise agreed, compressive strength shall be determined using
150 mm cubes cured as set out in Annex NA of DIN EN 12390-2. The
compressive strength of concrete cured as specified in the reference
method described in that standard, fc,cube, shall be calculated on the basis
of the compressive strength after curing as specified in the same annex,
fc,dry, by means of the following equation:
a) for normal-weight concrete up to and including strength class
C50/60: fc, cube = 0,92 fc,dry;
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DIN 1045-2 : 2001-07
b) for high-strength normal-weight concrete from strength class
C55/67: fc,cube = 0,95 fc,dry.
The above equations may only be used to convert cube compressive
strengths and only take into account the variations in curing conditions.
If 100 mm cubes are used instead of 150 mm cubes, values may be
calculated according to the following equation:
fc,dry(150 mm) = 0,97 fc,dry(100 mm).
The wording of the note is replaced by the following:
Pending the adoption of standards as national building regulations *), an
in-situ assessment of the compressive strength of the structure or
components may be carried out as specified in DIN 1048-4.
Pending publication of DIN EN 12390-3, the compressive strength shall be
tested as specified in DIN 1048-5.
5.5.3 Resistance to water penetration
A third paragraph is added:
If the concrete is required to have a high resistance to water penetration,
it shall have a water/cement ratio, w/c, of 0,70 or less for component
thicknesses over 400 mm and of 0,60 or less and a cement content of at
least 280 kg/m (270 kg/m where additions are taken into account) for
component thicknesses up to and including 400 mm. The concrete shall
be of compressive strength class C25/30 or higher.
5.5.5 Wear resistance
A new subclause 5.5.5 is added:
Concrete required to have a high wear resistance shall meet the
requirements relating to compressive strength class, cement content,
water/cement ratio and aggregate as set out in table F.2.2 and shall have
an ultrafines content as specified in table F.4.1.
6
6.1
Specification of concrete
General
6.2
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DIN 1045-2 : 2001-07
6.4
7
7.1
7.2
7.3
The text after the ninth dash in the first paragraph is replaced by the following:
mark of conformity with the wording Conforms to DIN EN 206-1
and DIN 1045-2.
The first paragraph is supplemented by the following:
For flowing concrete, when adding high-range water-reducing/
superplasticizing admixture on site, the following handwritten information
shall be included on the delivery ticket:
time of addition;
quantity of admixture added;
estimated amount left in the mixer drum prior to addition of the
admixture.
The text after the third dash under item a) is supplemented by the following:
Instead of giving the chloride content class from table 10, the type of
concrete may be stated (i.e. plain, reinforced, prestressed).
The text after the sixth and seventh dash under item a) is supplemented by the following:
type and strength class of cement;
type of additions and admixtures.
An eleventh dash is added under item a) as follows:
the hardening characteristics of the concrete.
The last paragraph is supplemented by the following:
a) for standardized prescribed concrete:
the compressive strength class;
the exposure class;
the maximum nominal upper aggregate size;
the consistence class or target value;
the hardening characteristics, if established.
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DIN 1045-2 : 2001-07
For high-strength concrete, all weighing information including that
specified under item a) or b) shall be automatically printed on the delivery
ticket. The following information shall be added subsequently:
moisture content of aggregate;
quantity of high-range water-reducing/superplasticizing admixtures batched on site;
consistence immediately before and after each addition of highrange water-reducing/superplasticizing admixtures in each truck
mixer.
7.5
Consistence at delivery
7.6
8.2
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DIN 1045-2 : 2001-07
8.2.1.2 Sampling and testing plan
The first paragraph is supplemented by the following:
As a departure from table 13 of DIN EN 206-1, for lightweight concrete and
concrete of compressive strength classes from C55/67 upwards, the
minimum rate of sampling shall be one sample per 100 m or one sample
per day of production for initial production and one per 200 m or one per
week of production for continuous production.
The second paragraph is supplemented by the following:
Sampling of lightweight concrete shall take place at the location of its use.
8.2.1.3 Conformity criteria for compressive strength
The text after the first dash in the second paragraph shall be supplemented by the following:
Any decision to carry out conformity assessment with overlapping results
shall be made before production commences and be reported to the
inspection agency together with details of the overlap intervals.
The third paragraph is supplemented by the following:
As a departure from table 14 of DIN EN 206-1, the following rates of
sampling shall apply for high-strength concrete:
For initial production:
Criterion 1: f cm fck + 5;
Criterion 2: f ci fck 5.
For continuous production:
Criterion 1: fcm fck + 1,48 s, with s not less than 5 N/mm;
Criterion 2: fci 0,9 fck.
The Criterion 1 column, line Continuous production of table 14, is supplemented by the following requirement:
s 3 N/mm.
The last line of column 1 of table 15 is replaced by the following:
6 to 14 fck + 3,0
A new line is added at the bottom of table 15:
15 f ck + 1,48 s
8.3
In the penultimate line of the first paragraph, the tolerance for the water/cement ratio is changed as follows:
The water/cement ratio shall be within t 0,02 of the specified value.
A new note to the second paragraph is added:
NOTE: See DIN 1045-3 for testing of properties of prescribed concrete
including standardized prescribed concrete.
8.4
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DIN 1045-2 : 2001-07
Production control
9.3
9.5
9.6
9.6.1 Personnel
A third paragraph is added:
The concrete production facility that is the subject of production control
shall be managed by a specialist with wide experience of advanced
concrete technology and production (e.g. a concrete engineer). The
specialist shall be able to furnish proof that he is suitably qualified (e.g.
from the Ausbildungsbeirat Beton (Concrete training council) of the
Deutscher Beton- und Bautechnik-Verein e.V. (German concrete and
building technology association)).
The producer shall ensure that management and all personnel involved in
concrete production, transport and production control receive further
training at intervals of not more than three years in the production, working
and testing of concrete, to provide them with the know-how to ensure
trouble-free production and production control.
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DIN 1045-2 : 2001-07
9.6.2 Equipment and installation
9.6.2.2 Batching equipment
The second paragraph is supplemented by the following:
The number of verification scale intervals of the weighing equipment shall
be as stipulated in the Eichordnung.
9.7
9.8
Mixing of concrete
9.9
10
Evaluation of conformity
10.1
General
10.2
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DIN 1045-2 : 2001-07
11
Annex B (normative)
Identity testing for compressive strength
The text of Annex B is replaced by the following:
Identity testing as specified in Annex B of DIN EN 206-1 shall not be carried
out. Instead, compressive strength shall be checked as described in
Annex A.2 of DIN 1045-3.
Annex C (normative)
Provisions for assessment, surveillance and certification of production control
The heading of Annex C is replaced by the following:
Provisions for assessment and surveillance of production control, and
concrete certification
C.2
C.2.1
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DIN 1045-2 : 2001-07
NOTE: The check for normal distribution should always be supplemented
by an analysis of the data in the probability net. If the check for normal
distribution gives a negative result, the presentation in the probability
net may indicate the form this deviation has taken, which, in certain
circumstances, may enable the causes for deviation from normal
distribution to be inferred.
The consistence test results are plausible if stiffening is taken into account
over the whole anticipated transportation time and if the increase in the
quantity of water required at elevated temperature whilst maintaining a
constant water/cement ratio is taken into account.
C.3
C.3.1
The heading and text of the clause are replaced by the following *):
C.3.1
Certification of concrete
The certification body certifies the concrete on the basis of a report from
the inspection body, that states that the production unit has passed the
initial check of the production control to the satisfaction of the inspection
body and the concrete meets the requirements specified in this standard.
It shall be the responsibility of the certification body to decide on any
further validity of the certificate on the basis of the reports of the
continuous surveillance of production control.
C.3.2
Annex D (informative)
Bibliography
The following shall be added to the bibliography *):
DAfStb-Heft 337 Verhalten von Beton bei hohen Gebrauchstemperaturen
DAfStb-Heft 526 Erluterungen zu DIN EN 206-1, DIN 1045-2,
DIN 1045-3 und DIN 1045-4 (DAfSb Commentary on DIN EN 206-1 and
DIN 1045-2 to DIN 1045-4).
Annex E (informative)
Guidance on the application of the equivalent performance concept of concrete properties
A second paragraph is included:
This concept can only be applied in conjunction with agrments or
European Technical Approvals (cf. note 2 to subclause 5.2.5.1).
Annex F (normative)
Recommendation for limiting values of concrete composition
Annex F (informative) including table F.1 is replaced by the normative requirements from tables F.2.1, F.2.2, F.3.1, F.3.2,
F.3.3, F.4.1, F.4.2 and F.5.
The following note is added:
NOTE: The requirements given in tables F.2.1, F.2.2 and F.3.1 to F.3.3 are
based on the assumption of an anticipated service life of at least
50 years and normal maintenance conditions.
*) Translator's note. Correction from DIN 1045-2 Ber. 1.
Exposure class
Reinforcement corrosion
Carbonation-induced
corrosion
Chloride-induced corrosion
Chloride from sea water
)
)
Minimum cement
contentd), taking
additions into
account, in kg/m
)
See XD1.
Other requirements
a)
b)
The minimum cement content of bulky components (with a smallest dimension of 80 cm) shall be 300 kg/m.
c)
d)
For a maximum particle size of 63 mm, the cement content may be reduced by 30 kg/m. In such cases, b) shall not apply.
e)
A strength class lower shall be used for air entrained concrete designed for exposure to freeze/thaw attack.
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DIN 1045-2 : 2001-07
Page 28
DIN 1045-2 : 2001-07
Freeze/thaw
No.
Wear h)
Exposure classes
Max. w/c ratio
Minimum strength
classc)
Minimum cement
contentd), in kg/m
Other requirements
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
) )
Surface
treatment
of
concrete k)
Hard
aggregate
to
DIN 1100
The mean air content of fresh concrete immediately before placing shall be not less than 5,5 % (V/V) for a maximum aggregate size of 8 mm, not less than
4,5 % (V/V) for a maximum aggregate size of 16 mm, not less than 4,0 % (V/V) for a maximum aggregate size of 32 mm, and not less than 3,5 % (V/V)
for a maximum aggregate size of 63 mm. Individual values shall be not more than 0,5 % (V/V) less than these values.
g)
Type II additions may be added, but shall not be taken into account when calculating the cement content or w/c ratio.
h)
Aggregate up to 4 mm particle size shall consist predominantly of quartz or materials of at least the same hardness. Coarser aggregate shall be made from
natural stone or man-made materials with a high wear resistance. All aggregate should have a moderately rough surface and be squat in shape. The mix
shall be as coarse as possible.
i)
The maximum cement content shall be 360 kg/m (does not apply to high-strength concrete).
j)
Moist concrete with a w/c ratio equal to or less than 0,40 need not be air-entrained.
k)
l)
Table F.3.1: Ranges of application for cement to DIN EN 197-1 and DIN 1164, used for preparation of concrete to DIN 1045-2a)
Reinforcement corrosion
No risk of
corrosive
attack
Carbonation-induced
corrosion
Chloride-induced corrosion
Chloride other than from
sea water
Compatibility
with
prestressing
steel
Key to symbols:
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DIN 1045-2 : 2001-07
Freeze/thaw attack
Wear
)
Compatibility
with
prestressing
steel
)
)
)
)
)
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
Cement whose use is not permitted according to this table may be used if covered by an agrment. *)
For a strength class not less than 42,5 or not less than 32,5 R with a granulated blastfurnace slag content of not more than 50 % (m/m) .
CEM III/B may only be used in the following cases:
marine components: w/c 0,45; minimum strength class: C35/45; cement content not less than 340 kg/m;
scraper raceways in sewage treatment plant: w/c 0,35, minimum strength class: C40/50; cement content not less than 360 kg/m (cf. DIN 19569-1).
Air entrainment is not required.
For concrete of exposure class higher than XA1, liable to sulfate attack (except from sea water), cement with a high sulfate resistance (HS cement) shall be used or, alternatively,
a mixture of cement and fly ash instead of HS cement if the sulfate content of the aggressive water is not more than 1 500 mg/l (cf. subclause 5.2.5.2.2).
Special combinations may perform more favourably. See table F.3.2 for CEM-II-M cement with three main constituents, and table F.3.3 for CEM IV or CEM V cement with two
or three main constituents.
The elemental silicon content of the silica fume used shall be as specified in the Zulassungsrichtlinien des Deuschen Instituts fr Bautechnik fr anorganische Betonzusatzstoffe.
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DIN 1045-2 : 2001-07
Table F.3.2: Ranges of application for CEM II-M cement to DIN EN 197-1 with three main constituents, used for preparation
of concrete to DIN 1045-2 a)
Reinforcement corrosion
No risk of
corrosive
attack
Carbonation-induced
corrosion
Chloride-induced corrosion
Chloride other than
from sea water
Chloride from
sea water
Compatibility
with
prestressing
steel
) )
)
) )
) )
) )
(continued)
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DIN 1045-2 : 2001-07
Aggressive chemical
environment
)
Wear
Compatibility
with
prestressing
steel
)
)
) )
)
) )
) )
) )
Key to symbols:
May be used to produce concrete to this standard.
Not to be used to produce concrete to this standard.
a)
Cement whose use is not permitted according to this table may be used if covered by an agrment.
d)
For concrete of exposure class higher than XA1, liable to sulfate attack (except from sea water), cement with a high sulfate resistance (HS cement) shall be used
or, alternatively, a mixture of cement and fly ash instead of HS cement if the sulfate content of the aggressive water is not more than 1 500 mg/l (cf. subclause
5.2.5.2.2).
f)
The elemental silicon content of the silica fume used shall be as specified in the Zulassungsrichtlinien des Deuschen Instituts fr Bautechnik fr anorganische
Betonzusatzstoffe.
g)
Cement types that contain phosphorus are excluded from use here since their suitability has not yet been verified.
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DIN 1045-2 : 2001-07
Table F.3.3: Ranges of application for CEM IV and CEM V cement to DIN EN 197-1 with two to three main constituents,
used for preparation of concretea)
Reinforcement corrosion
No risk of
corrosive attack
Chloride-induced corrosion
Carbonation-induced
corrosion
Chloride from
sea water
Compatibility
with
prestressing
steel
))
i))
Aggressive chemical
environment
Wear
Compatibility
with
prestressing
steel
))
i))
Key to symbols:
May be used to produce concrete to this standard.
Not to be used to produce concrete to this standard.
Cement whose use is not permitted according to this table may be used if covered by an agrment.
d)
For concrete of exposure class higher than XA1, liable to sulfate attack (except from sea water), cement with a high sulfate resistance (HS cement) shall be used
or, alternatively, a mixture of cement and fly ash instead of HS cement if the sulfate content of the aggressive water is not more than 1 500 mg/l (cf. subclause
5.2.5.2.2).
h)
Does only apply to trass cement as in DIN 50143, used as the main constitutent in a quantity of up to 40 % (m/m) .
i)
Does only apply to trass cement as in DIN 50143, used as the main constituent.
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DIN 1045-2 : 2001-07
a)
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DIN 1045-2 : 2001-07
Table F.4.1: Maximum permitted ultrafines content for concrete up to concrete strength
classes C50/60 and LC50/55 and of exposure classes XF and XM, with a maximum
aggregate size between 16 mm and 63 mm
Cement content,
in kg/m
Table F.4.2: Maximum permitted ultrafines content for concrete of concrete strength
classes C55/67 and LC55/60 and of all exposure classes, with a maximum aggregate
size between 16 mm and 63 mm
Cement content,
in kg/m
Table F.5: Minimum cement content for standardized prescribed concrete with cement of strength
class 32,5 as specified in DIN EN 197-1 and with a maximum aggregate size of 32 mm
Compressive
strength class
Plastic
Soft
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DIN 1045-2 : 2001-07
Annex H (normative)
Additional provisions for high-strength concrete
Annex H is given normative character.
A second paragraph is added:
A quality plan for high-strength concrete shall be drawn up in cooperation
with the company responsible for working the concrete. This plan shall
specify what should be checked, the form and frequency of checking, who
should perform it, and the limiting values. In the event of nonconformance,
details of any action to be taken and of those responsible shall be given.
The results of checks shall be documented by the responsible agents, who
are to be clearly designated in the quality plan.
Tables H.1, H.2 and H.3 are replaced by the following:
Table H.1: Additional control of constituent materials of high-strength concrete
No.
Constituent
material
Inspection / test
Purpose
Minimum frequency
Cement
Sulfate content to
DIN EN 196-2
Reference samples
Density
Compliance with
agreed requirements
Admixtures
Reference samples
Each consignment
prior to concrete
production
Each consignment
prior to concrete
production
Aggregate
Each consignment
prior to concrete
production
Silica suspension:
density;
water content
Reference samples
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DIN 1045-2 : 2001-07
Table H.2: Additional control of equipment for production of high-strength concrete
No.
Inspection / test
Equipment
Purpose
Minimum frequency
Weighing
equipment for
cement, aggregate
and additions
To ascertain accuracy as
specified in subclause 9.6.2.2
Admixture
dispensers
To achieve accurate
dispensing
Water meter
Comparison of
measured value
with target value
Instrumentation and
laboratory equipment
Function check
Mixing equipment
Function check
Truck mixer
Visual inspection
Table H.3: Additional control of production procedures and of properties of high-strength concrete
No.
a)
Property tested/
checked
Inspection/test
Purpose
Minimum frequency
Water content
of fine
aggregate
Drying test
Continually, measurement on
day of concreting prior to
production
Water content
of fresh
concrete
Check of
quantity of
water added
Consistence of
fresh concrete
Testing to
DIN EN 12350-5
Compressive
strength of
hardened
concrete
Testing to
DIN EN 12390-3
or DIN 1048-5
Mixing
instructionsa )
Visual
The sequence according to which constituent materials are added and the mixing duration shall be set out
in mixing instructions. Batching times for high-range water-reducing/super plasticizing admixtures
(including subsequent addition) shall be selected in the initial test, depending on the anticipated addition
times on site.
b) Where there are less than three consignments per day, less than three samples per day may also be made
provided that the total number of consignments is more than three.
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Annex K (normative)
Concrete families
K.2 Selection of concrete family
The recommendations of K.2 are given normative character.
The text after the fifth dash in the first paragraph is supplemented by the following:
Concrete of compressive strength classes C8/10 to C50/60 or LC8/9 to
LC50/55 shall be divided into at least two concrete families.
Annex L (informative)
Particle size analysis
Undersize,
as a percentage by volume
The particle size analysis of the aggregate is characterized by grading curves (cf. figures L.1 to L.4) and, where
necessary, by a related parameter representing particle size distribution or water requirement.
The composition of size fractions and aggregages is to be determined as specified in sieving tests to
DIN EN 933-1 with test sieves conforming to DIN ISO 3310-1 or DIN ISO 3310-2. The grading curves may be
discontinuous or steady.
Figures L.1 to L.4 show the following ranges:
1) Coarse
2) Gap-graded
3) Coarse to medium coarse
4) Medium coarse to fine
5) Fine
Square-hole
perforated plate
sieves (DIN 4187-2)
Undersize,
as a percentage by volume
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DIN 1045-2 : 2001-07
Square-hole
perforated plate
sieves (DIN 4187-2)
Undersize,
as a percentage by volume
Square-hole
perforated plate
sieves (DIN 4187-2)
Undersize,
as a percentage by volume
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DIN 1045-2 : 2001-07
Square-hole
perforated plate
sieves (DIN 4187-2)