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PHYS%201))))))))))FALL%13)))))))))))))))))))SAMPLE))FINAL)))))))))))))))))))))))Time)Limit:)2)hrs)

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Name_______________________________________))))))))))))))))))Recitation)sec.)#)__________)
)
Notes:"1."For"Problems"2/6,"your"solutions"must"have"adequate"details"to"get"full"credit.""
2."Wherever"applicable,"your"answers"must"have"proper"units."You"will"lose"points"if"you"
omit"units"from"your"final"answers."
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________"

In#the#equations#below:
denotes#average;# )

c#=f#
c=

1
= 3 " 10 8 m / s
0!0

))

o = 4! " 10 #7 Tm / A )
E = Eo cos(kx ! "t) )))

d" E
!"t p = "t
dt )))))))))
)
L p = !L "

v
c2

"

Single/slit"diffraction"

sin!dark = m

"
a

hc
= pc "
!
h
!p!x =
2" "
"

If x < 1

n(n ! 1) 2
(1+ x) = 1+ nx +
x + ..
2!
n

)
n=c/cn#
"

En =

for a circular aperture: !min =

1.22"
D

E 2 = E R2 + p 2 c 2 ;"" E = !mc 2 "


E R = mc 2 ;" p = !mv "

1eV#=1.6x10F19J;#####me#=9.1x10F31kg#

nglass#=1.5####;##nwater#=1.33####

E=

(m = 0, 1, 2, 3,...)

"

p2 ! h2 $ 2
=
n
2m #" 8mL2 &%

"

"

Diffraction"from"grating:"

Resolution"limit:
"
"
for a slit: !min =
a

"

E = hf =

(m = 1, 2, 3,...)

d sin!bright = m"

"

S
!U
I
";"# P =
= #
c
c
c
2"
!=
$ path. diff
#

d sin! = (m + 1 / 2)"
"
d sin! = m" ",""m"=0,"1,2

id = ! o

1"

"
hf#=#Kmax#+#

""

1 !U
" cE 2 cB 2
= o o = o "
A !t
2
2 o

Double/slit"interference"

B2
!oE 2
uB =
#
2 o
2 ########

<Power>"/area"=I#= S "

Power
= !T 4 "
Area
! = 5.67 " 10 #8 W / m 2 .K 4
I=

!p =

E#=#cB###;#k#=#2/ "and"
=2f.#

!=

mT#=#2.898x10F3#m.K""
"

! 1 ! !#
S=
E!B
o

S =

! o = 8.85 " 10 #12 C 2 m #2 N #1 )

uE =

"

hc 1240eV
=
!
!(nm) "

"
" h#=#6.6x10F34#J.s#

n = 1,2, 3..

"

Prob.)1.)(For"each"part"(I))VI)"below,"please"circle)the)answer"of"your"choice)."
Each"part"is"worth"4"points."
[I]"An"electron"is"confined"in"a"1Fdimensional"box"of"length"L."Suddenly,"the"length"of"
the"box"is"increased"to"2L."What"happens"to"the"energy"level"separation"of"the"
electron:"
[a]"The"energy"levels"move"closer"together"
[b]"The"energy"levels"move"farther"apart"
[c]"The"energy"levels"stay"unaffected."
[II]"Light"of"frequency"fc"(hfc#="the"work"function)"and"intensity"I"is"incident"on"a"
metal."If"the"frequency"of"light"is"doubled"without"changing"the"intensity,"the"
stopping"potential"will:""
[a]"increase"""""""""""[b]"decrease"""""""""""""""""[c]"stay"unchanged."
)[III]."A"proton"and"an"electron"both"moving"at"non/relativistic"speeds"have"the"same"
kinetic"energy."The"de"Broglie"wavelengths"of"the"electron"and"the"proton"are,"
respectively,"e"and"p."Which"of"the"following"is"a"correct"statement?"
[a]"e">"p"""""""""""""""""[b]"e"<"p"""""""""""""""""""""[c]"e"="p"
[IV]."An"electron"is"confined"in"a"1Fdimensional"box"of"length"L."Which"of"the"
following"transitions"will"result"in"a"photon"of"the"longest"wavelength?"
[a]"from"n2#=#5"to""n1#=#1"
[b]"from"n2#=#4"to""n1#=#3"
[c]"from"n2#=#3"to""n1#=#1#
[V])A"particle"moves"parallel"to"a"SEPTA"train"parked"on"a"straight"level"track.""The"
speed"v#of"the"particle"is"such"that"(v/c)2#=#0.36#"In"the"reference"frame"of"the"particle"
the"length"of"the"train"is"100#m."What"is"the"length"of"the"train"for"someone"standing"
at"the"train"station?"
[a]"125"m""""""""""""[b]"80"m"""""""""""""""[c]"36"m"""""""""""""[d]"133"m"
[VI])Consider"two"electron"e1"and"e2"moving,"respectively,"with"relativistic"speeds"v1"
and"v2."Let"the"magnitude"of"their"corresponding"relativistic"momenta"be"denoted"by"
p1"and"p2."If"p2"=2p1,#then:#
[a])v2"=2"v1""""""""[b])v2">"2"v1""""""""""""[c])v2"<"2"v1"""""
)

Prob.)2(16)pts)"A"spacecraft"has"a"rest"length"of"100.0m."It"passes"over""an"antenna"
on"a"lab"measurement"station."According"to"the"clock"in"the"lab"it"took"0.2s"for"the"
spacecraft"to"pass"over"the"lab."
[a](12)pts)"How"fast"was"the"spacecraft"moving"with"respect"to"the"lab?"
Solution:)
Things"to"note:"
1."The"time"of"0.2s"is"the"proper"time"for"the"lab"observer."
2."100.0m"is"the"proper"length"according"to"an"observer"that"is"at"rest"with"respect"
to"the"spacecraft."
3."The"observer"in"the"lab"measures"the"spacecraft"to"be"(100.0/)m"long."
Once"you"realize"this"the"problem"is"easy"to"set"up."

L = v t p "
Therefore," Lp = L = vt p "

100.0m =

v
v2
1 2
c

t p "

v2
= v 2 (2 10 9 )2 "
2
c

c 2 v 2 = 4 1018 c 2v 2 = 0.36v 2 "


v=

c
= 2.57 108 m / s "
1 + 0.36

[b])(4)pts)How"long"was"the"spacecraft"according"to"the"observer"in"the"lab?"
)

L = vt p = 2.57 108 2 107 m = 51.4m )


"

)
Prob.3(16)pts))An"electron"is"confined"to"a"one/dimensional"box"of"length"L=#0.1nm.."
[a]"Find"the"ground"state"energy."
Solution:)
[a]"(4)pts)" E1 =

h2
( hc)2
(1240eV .nm)2
=
=
= 37.6eV
8mL2 8( mc2 ) L2 8(5.1 105 eV )(0.10nm)2
"

)
[b]"(4)pts)"Find"the"energies"of"three"additional"states"above"the"ground"state."

"

E2 = 22 37.6eV = 150V "


E3 = 32 37.6eV = 338V "
E4 = 42 37.6eV = 602V "

[c]"(8)pts)"Find"the"wavelength"of"the"emitted"photon"for"each"transition"from"n#=3#to"a"
lower"state."

For"transition"from"n"="3"to"n"="2"state:"
""""""""""""""" 32 =

hc
1240eV .nm
=
= 6.60nm """""""
E3 E2 (338 150)nm

For"transition"from"n"="3"to"n"="1"state:""""""""

31 =
)
)
)
)

hc
1240eV .nm
=
= 4.13nm "
E3 E1 (338 37.6)nm

Prob.)4(16)pts))Light"of"wavelength"400#nm"is"incident"upon"lithium"(work"function"
"="2.93"eV)"
[a](4)pts)"What"is"the"energy"of"the"incident"photon"in"units"of"eV?""

6.6 1034 J .s 3 108 m / s


E = hf =
=
= 3.1eV "
4 107 m 1.6 1019 J / eV
hc

Or"

E = hf =

hc

1240eV .nm
= 3.1eV
400nm
"

"
[b](6)pts))What"is"the"value"of"the"stopping"potential"Vs#?"

eVs = hf ! ! = E ! ! = 3.10eV ! 2.93eV = 0.17eV


Vs = 0.17V

"

"
[c]"(6)pts))What"frequency"of"light"is"needed"to"produce"electrons"of"kinetic"energy"
3.0#eV"from"illumination"of"lithium?"

1 2
hf = + mvmax
= 2.93 + 3.0 = 5.93eV "
2
Therefore:"

E 5.93eV 1.6 1019 J / eV


f = =
= 1.43 1015 Hz "
34
h
6.6 10 J .s
You"should"also"try:"

E Ec 5.93eV 3 1017 nm / s
f = =
=
= 1.43 1015 Hz "
h hc
1240eV .nm
)
)
)
)
)
)

Prob.)5(16)pts.)"An"proton"(m#=#1.67x0F27kg)"is"moving"with"speed"v#=#0.6c.""
[a]()2)pts))Calculate"the"rest"mass"energy"of"the"proton"in"units"of"MeV."
E0 = mc 2 =

1.67 ! 10 "27 kg ! (3 ! 10 8 m / s)2


= 9.39 ! 10 8 eV = 939MeV
1.6 ! 10 "19 J / eV
""

[b](4)pts)"Calculate"the"relativistic"momentum"of"the"proton"in"units"of"MeV/c.#
mv

p=

1!

v2
c2

m " 0.6c
1! 0.6 2

= 0.75mc = 0.75

mc 2
= 0.75 " 939MeV / c = 704MeV / c
c

)
)[c]()6)pts)"How"fast"would"the"proton"be"moving"if"its"momentum"were"to"be"twice"
that"of"part"[b]"above?""
p2 =

mu
u2
1! 2
c

= 2 p = 1.5mc

"

u2 $
2!
! u$
=
1.5
1'
(
)
#" &%
#"
c
c 2 &%
2

2
! u$
3.25 # & = (1.5 )
" c%

! 2.25 $
u=#
" 3.25 &%

"

1/2

c = 2.5 ' 10 8 m / s

"

)[d]()4pts)"Calculate"the"relativistic"kinetic"energy"(in"units"of"MeV)"of"the"proton"in"
part"[c]."
Ekin = Etot ! Erest = (" ! 1)Erest = (" ! 1)mc 2

Ekin

)
)
)
)

"

"
%
"
%
$
'
$
'
1
1
' mc 2 = $
=$
!
1
!
1
' ( 939MeV = 754MeV
$
'
u2
$ 1! 2.25
'
$#
'&
$# 1! 2
'&
3.25
c
"

Prob.6(16)pts).The"emission"spectrum"of""hydrogen"gas"includes"a"red"line"at"656#
nm"and"a"blue"line"at"434#nm.""A"collimated"beam"of"light"emitted"by"hydrogen"is"
incident"on"a"diffraction"grating"with"4500#grooves/cm.""
[a])(8)pts)"What"are"the"angles"at"which"the"two"wavelengths"are"diffracted"to"form"
the"second"order"diffraction"maxima?"
(m = 0, 1, 2, 3,...) "

d sin!bright = m"
d=

"

"

"

[1]"

10 !2
m = 2222nm "
4500

from"eq.[1],"for""m=2#
!1 = sin "1 (

2#1
2 $ 656 $ 10 "9 $ 4500
) = sin "1 (
) = sin "1 (0.59) = 36.2 o #
d
10 "2

!2 = sin "1 (

2# 2
2 $ 434 $ 10 "9 $ 4500
) = sin "1 (
) = sin "1 (0.39) = 23o "
d
10 "2

"
[b])(8)pts))What"is"the"separation"in"cm"between"the"two"maxima"of"part"[a]"on"a"
vertical"screen"placed"50.0#cm"away"from"the"grating?"
!y = y1 " y2 = L(tan#1 " tan#2 )
= 50(tan 36.2 " tan 23 )cm = 50(0.73 " 0.42)cm = 15.5cm
o

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