Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
ON DAM
CONSTRUCTION
IIK NURUL HIKMAH
EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL SCIENCE
FACULTY OF TARBIYA AND TEACHING SCIENCE
SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY
Jl. Ir. Juanda No 95 Jakarta 15412
Phone. 021-7493315, 7493606 Fax 021-7493315
Email: iiknh0230@gmail.com
Abstract
Dams built transversely on a river or reservoir that serves to
hold and elevate
the water surface so that can be streamed to places that need such
as irrigation. This
paper aims to determine how the dam can withstand a large flow of
water in rivers
or reservoirs. That is by designing and building dams appropriately.
The shape of the
dam which is wider at the bottom can make a sturdy dam due to
the hydrostatic
pressure of water further down the greater. Misconceptions
that are often
experienced by students when studying the hydrostatic pressure of
the material that
is most liquid pressure is on the top surface due to the site have
the maximum
potential energy. But the concept, the biggest pressure liquid
substances that exist in
the deepest part of the liquid, not on the surface of the top or right
in the middle of
the liquid.
Keyword: Dams, pressure, water, river, kg/m3 (density of the fluids
unit), m/s2
(acceleration due to gravity acceleration due to gravitys unit), N/m2
(hydrostatic
built a dam to hold back the flow of water and elevate the water flow
in the river or
reservoir so that it can be fully utilized by humans. Dam can hold and
store water
rivers or reservoirs with large discharge. With bigger pressure on
water dam can
still hold it and the dam did not collapse. With increasing pressure on
water down
the greater, but the dam can hold it so that the tremendous pressure
on the bottom
of the river was not able to tear down the dam. In this paper the
author will reveal
why the dam can withstand a large river water flow and
bigger water
pressures . To be able to withstand heavy water flow and discharge
large dams it is
necessary to design tailored to the characteristics of the river basin or
reservoir.
Discussion
Dam
Figure 1: Dam
water does not overflow and dams are not easily broken. Therefore it
is necessary
in order to design appropriate dam dam to function optimally.1
The concept of hydrostatic pressure
Pressure is defined as the force acting perpendicular to a plane
divided by
the area that field. In the static fluid contained hydrostatic
pressure, which is
defined as the compressive force experienced by the liquid vessel
per unit area. A
fluid can be considered composed of layers and each layer of water to
put pressure
on the layer below. Each piece in the static fluid will get pressure
liquid. Contained
in the fluid pressure whereby if the container surface area is
bigger then the
resulting pressure is getting smaller and vice versa if the surface
area of the
container is smaller then the greater the pressure generated. So a
large surface
area or container affect the resulting pressure. In addition to the
surface area,
height or depth also affects the hydrostatic pressure. The deeper the
surface, the
bigger the hydrostatic pressure.
When the fluid is in a state of calm, the fluid will exert a
force that is
perpendicular to the entire contact surface, such as the walls of the
submerged
vessel or object into the fluid. If the weight of the fluid can be
neglected, the fluid
pressure will be the same in all parts of the volume. When we dive
into the water,
our ears will feel that the pressure rises rapidly with increasing
depth below the
surface (Hugo, 2002).
The magnitude of the hydrostatic pressure does not depend on
the shape of
the vessel and the amount of liquid in the vessel, but depending on
the density of
the liquid, the acceleration of gravity of the earth, and its depth.
The formula is based on the hydrostatic pressure at a point in
a quiescent
fluid depending on the depth of the point, not on the shape of the
container or
basically. Therefore, all points will have the same hydrostatic
pressure.2
A static fluid does not flow, it is everywhere at rest. In the
study of fluid
static (hydrostatics) Also assume that any solid object in contact
with the fluid
Whether a vessel containing the fluid or an object submerged in
the fluid is at
rest. The atoms or molecules in a static fluid Themselves are not
static, they are
Anonymous. development of water resources.
http://kk.mercubuana.ac.id/elearning/files_modul/11035-8.pdf
accessed at Wednesday March, 11 2015 at 16.45
Radjulaini.Perencanaan Irigasi Bendung.http://file.upi.edu/Direktori/FPTK/
JUR._PEND.TEKNIK_SIPIL/194607061980021RADJULAINI/PERENCANAAN_IRIGASI/PEREN
CANAA
N_BENDUNG.pdf accessed at Wednesday, March 11 2015 at 15.09 WIB
2)
bottom because
the bottom of the dam could not withstand the pressure at the
bottom of the
riverbed pressure or greater. Therefore to consider the depth of
the river and
adjusted with thick dam. So that the dam can withstand the
maximum hydrostatic
pressure.
building built specifically for stem (hold) the flow of water which
serves to move
the flow of water or temporary accommodate a certain amount of
capacity /
volume of water by using a homogeneous structure of soil deposits
(earthfill dam),
a heap of rubble with a waterproof coating (rockfill Dam),
construction concrete
(Concrete Dam) or various other types of construction. Construction
of dams built
in the shape widening downward aims to withstand the pressure of
the water is
getting into the greater pressure. Therefore, the dam can
withstand the large
hydrostatic pressure at the bottom of a river or reservoir so as to
avoid the
breakdown of the dam when water flow is great. Misconceptions
that are often
experienced by students when studying the hydrostatic pressure of
the material
that is most liquid pressure is on the top surface due to the site have
the maximum
potential energy. But the concept, the biggest pressure liquid
substances that exist
in the deepest part of the liquid, not on the surface of the top or right
in the middle
of the liquid.
6
References
Alan giambattista dkk.2004.1st editioncollege physics. newyork.
Hugo d, young, roger a.freedman.alih bahasa Juliastuti
endang.2002.Fisika
Universitas.Jakarta: Erlangga.
Sutrisno dan Siti Ahmiarti.2007. Fisika Dasar I. Jakarta: Lembaga
Penelitian UIN
Jakarta dengan UIN Press
Umar,Efrizon.2010.Physics for senior high school.Bekasi: Ganeca Exact.
Anonim.Daerah Aliran
Sungai.http://eprints.undip.ac.id/34224/5/1762_chapter_II.pdf