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• What is ARP?
Address Resolution Protocol, a network layer protocol used to convert an IP address
into a physical address
What is an IP Class ?
• What is a subnet?
A subnet is a range of IP addresses.
• What is APIPA?
Automatic Private IP Addressing, is a feature used in Windows
operating systems. It comes into action only when DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration
Protocol) servers are available. When the DHCP client first comes on, it will try to
establish a connection with the DHCP server in order to get an IP address. It is when
this server is (or at a later point becomes) unavailable, that APIPA will kick in.
What is an RFC?
An RFC is a Request For Comment, for the discussion and development
of new protocols and techniques for use on the Internet. It is run by the IETF. I have
included a link to learn more about RFC in related links.
• What is the BOOTP protocol used for, where might you find it in Windows network
infrastructure?
SUMMARY
Protocol :Bootstrap Protocol
Protocol suite :TCP/IP
Layer :Application Layer
Type :Application layer configuration protocol.
Ports :67 (UDP) server
68 (UDP) host
Related protocols : DHCP,IP,
IPv6,
TCP,
UDP,
RARP
Working groups : DHCP, Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
The Bootstrap Protocol allows a host to configure itself dynamically at boot time.
This protocol provides 3 services:
• IP address assignment.
• Detection of the IP address for a serving machine.
• The name of a file to be loaded and executed by the client machine.
• What is NAT?
Definition: NAT allows an Internet Protocol (IP) network to maintain public IP
addresses separately from private IP addresses. NAT is a popular technology for
Internet connection sharing. It is also sometimes used in server load balancing
applications on corporate networks.
What is the real difference between NAT and PAT?
NAT is Network address Translation ( ip address translate
from local ip to global ip and vice versa)
WHAT IS VLAN?
VLAN is a virtual LAN. In technical terms, a VLAN is a broadcast domain created by switches.
Normally, it is a router creating that broadcast domain. With VLAN’s, a switch can create the
broadcast domain.
WHAT IS BROADCASTDOMAIN
Broadcast on a network means one node transmits packets to all other nodes in the same domain
simultaneously. Multicast is a special form of broadcast, in which a
selected group of users, who requested to listen to thebroadcast, will receive the broadcasts.
Broadcast transmission is supported on most LANs (e.g. Ethernet).
Broadcast can also happen in a virtual LAN (VLAN). IPv6 has unicast, multicast and anycast.
Broadcast has disappearedas a term, but is considered one form of multicast.
Network programming interview questions
Question 3: Name the seven layers of the OSI Model and describe them briefly.
Physical Layer - covers the physical interface between devices and the rules by which bits are
passed from one to another.
Data Link Layer - attempts o make the physical link reliable and provides the means to activate,
maintain, and deactivate the link.
Network Layer - provides for the transfer of information between end systems across
some sort communications network.
Transport Layer - provides a mechanism for the exchange of data between end system.
Session Layer - provides the mechanism for controlling the dialogue between applications
in end systems.
Presentation Layer - defines the format of the data to be exchanged between applications
and offers application programs a set of data transformation services.
Application Layer - provides a means for application programs to access the OSI environment.
TCP and UDP are both transport-level protocols. TCP is designed to provide reliable
communication across a variety of reliable and unreliable networks and internets.
UDP provides a connectionless service for application-level procedures. Thus, UDP is basically
an unreliable service; delivery and duplicate protection are not guareented.