Name

NIM
Class
Group

: Achmad Jaelani
: 21060114130099
:B
:1
HOMEWORK CHAPTER 11

4. A.You work for a manufacturer of hand tools and have been asked to investigate using
alternative materials in your products. In a pairs, read the notes and discuss the main
properties required of the materials used to make the tools.

Hammers: a. The hammer head is hand-forged with a tempered side to pull out a
nails and striking face so the material should be strong,little bit heavy
to get the momentum strike and also formable,the material such as iron
could be perfectly fit for this part.The hammer shaft is a part of
hammer that was made to help the user hold the tool properly,and the
material required for this part should have a lightweight and
durable.Material like wood would be perfect for this part.
b. The hammer head is double faced hammer which is relatively
ligthweight and so the head should be made of a lightweight but
durable material such as light steel.For the hammer shaft we could use
a wood which is also relatively lightweight.
Saws

: a. The saw blade is a serrated blade which is generally made of an iron

but we can also make it from steel and many other material while for
handle,we can use a lightweight and durable wood.
b.

The saw blade is often quite brittle, so care needs to be taken to prevent
brittle fracture of the blade and for the material,we can use a bi-metal
to prevent breakage and still can cut precisely. Most hacksaws are hand
saws with a C-shaped frame that holds a blade under tension. Such
hacksaws have a handle, usually a pistol grip, with pins for attaching a
narrow disposable blade which is made from an alloy or a metal
attached with a plastic pistol grip.

B. Think of a product you know well. In pairs, discuss the materials used in it and what
properties make the materials suitable. Discuss whether alternative materials could be
used.
MOTOR CYCLE DISC BRAKE

There have been two principal materials used for these tools in recent years. Cast Iron and
Stainless Steel.
Cast iron is very cheap to produce and produces very good friction coefficients but it is
also fragile, it is not compatible with many modern pad materials, particularly sintered
pads, it is heavy and of course it rusts. Grey cast iron discs can shatter and ductile cast
iron is fragile, very fickle with pads and in our experience can warp very easily. We
distributed a range of discs made from ductile cast iron for several years and had to return
far too many that were warped. The answer usually came back that the problem had
occurred due to the use of inappropriate pads but the truth is it happened far too often!
Some companies still believe it is the right material to use but there are just too many
negatives and not enough positives.
Stainless steel on the other hand, although a little more expensive has a lot more
positives. It doesnt rust, or at least not to any great extent. It is very robust, it is tolerant
to almost all brake_pads and particularly to sintered_brake_pads. It is highly resistant to
wear, it doesnt shatter and it resists heat very well. When it was first used the friction
coefficients were not as good as cast iron and this convinces some that cast iron is still the
right material. But I asked a Brembo executive about it some years ago and he said, that
was true 30 years ago but the friction coefficients of stainless_steel_discs and
sintered_pads went past cast iron around 20 years ago! As usual, for proof he pointed to
the race results and pointed out that with the exception of carbon discs in GP, every race
bike fitted with Brembo_brakes for the last 20 years or so had used stainless_steel_discs
not cast iron. Since they are the winning brakes in almost every major championship year
in year out it is difficult to argue. The exact specification they use has never been released
but it is made specially for them.
So, in modern times at least stainless steel is definitely the way to go

5. In pairs, answer the following questions.

1. In advertising what hi-tech high-performance Situations are often used to promote
watches?
2. What message are they intended to send about the quality of products?
3. What quality issue differentiate higher-quality watches from lower-quality ones?
4. What is the difference between describing something as water-resistant and
waterproof?
Answer:
1. Examples of situations used in advertising include motor racing, water
sports such as surfing and diving, and aviation.
2. The intended message is that watches are accurate and are resistant.
3. Higher quality watches keep good time; are resistant to water and shocks; and
are made from more expensive, better-looking materials.

4. Describing something as water-resistant suggests it can resist water up to a

certain limit, for example to a certain depth or pressure. Describing something
as waterproof suggests it gives unlimited protection from water.
6.A. Louisa, a marketing executive for a watch manufacturer, is discussing material
selection with Tom, one of her engineering colleagues. Listen to the discussion and
complete the four quality issues that are mentioned in the meeting.
Answers
1 corrosion resistance.
3 scratch resistance.
2 water resistance.
4 shock resistance.
B. In pairs, discuss what is meant by each of the quality issues in Exercise 6a.
1. What it is mean as corrosion resistance is that the particular material used to make a
watches isnt always have good corrosion resistance especially if its compared to a
metal like titanium.
2. They were talking about how water resistance is not a question of metal quality but it is
about metal join and seal you use.
3. and 4. The material used for watch that also include a good scratch and shock resitance
is either pretty ordinary or the composition are complex so that the name is complex so
they are not good at marketing.
7. A.2.5 listen again and answer the following questions.
1. What point does Tom make about the reasons for selecting materials?
2. What does he say about submarine-grad steel to exemplify the above n point?
3. What problem does he describe with regard to the market ability of many
materials?
4. What hard commercial fact does Louis a give?
Answer:
1. Watch materials are sometimes chosen for marketing reasons, not
technical reasons.
2. They considered using submarine-grade steel in some models even though
water resistance actually depends on the joints and seals, not the metal used.
3. Many good watch-making materials are either ordinary, or complex, and so
are not very marketable.
4. Consumers are not technical experts, and make choices based on their
impressions, rather than on factual information.
B. In pairs, mark the following statements True (T) or False (F) according to the views
expressed in the conversation. Read the audio script on page 87 and check your
answers.
1 Often exotic-sound in material as are not that suitable technically.(T)
2 People think that a submarine steel watch must be tremendously water-resistant.(T)
3 The corrosion resistance of submarine steel is exceptionally good.(F)
4 Submarine-grad steel looks fairly good.(F)
5 Tom thinks submarine steel is particularly suitable for watches.(F)
6 The firm has often used materials that are not adequately durable.(F)
7 Often, the compositions of good watch materials are relatively complex.(T)
8 Materials with complicated names are pretty good for marketing.(F)

C. Listen to the following phrases from the conversation and underline the stressed
syllable. Practice saying the phrases.
Answers
2. exceptionally resistant.
5. relatively complex.
3. not at all suitable.
6. not all that good.
4. tremendously marketable.
D. Complete the following table using the words in the box.
exceptionally
fairly insufficiently not adequately
Not particularly pretty relatively
tremendously
Extremely

Quite

not (all) that

Not very

Definitely not

Not enough

Tremendously Fairly

Not particularly

Not at all

Insufficiently

exceptionally

Not (all) that

Pretty

Not adequately

Relatively

8. In pairs, discuss the key properties and different types and grades of the following
materials. Give examples of the properties that make each material good or bad for
watch-making from a quality perspective.
Answer:
Steel is relatively heavy and very tough. It is pretty scratch-resistant and shock
resistant.Mild steel is not very corrosion-resistant but stainless steel has good corrosion
resistance and is therefore suitable for watches. Glass is quite heavy and is water-resistant
and corrosion-resistant. Ordinary glass is very brittle and has fairly poor shock resistance
and scratch resistance, although it is still suitable for watches. Toughened glass is more
durable. Aluminium is relatively lightweight and is fairly tough. It has good corrosion
resistance. It is therefore suitable for watches.Titanium is exceptionally lightweight and
tough and has excellent abrasion resistance. It is also extremely corrosion-resistant and is
therefore an excellent watch material. Gold is extremely heavy and pretty tough, although
softer grades of gold have quite poor shock resistance and scratch resistance. Gold has
excellent corrosion resistance. It is suitable for more expensive, decorative watches.
9. In small groups, choose a well-known consumer product or appliance and discuss it from
a quality perspective. How suitable are the materials used? How good is the product,
compared with others sold by competitors?
Answer:
My guitar,the C315 might be one of Yamaha's most inexpensive full-size classical models,
but its quality and tone are outstanding. An excelent choice for beginners.The upper part is
made of spruce wood,the back side and side line are made of agathis wood,while the
neck,finger board and holder are made of nato wood.So far,the whole materials is working
pretty good eventhough the holder part which is made from nato doesnt have good scratch

resistant but with the relatively cheap price,its still worth the money I spent.If I compare it
to other guitar with the same price,its still much better because the other guitar tend to
have a not stable tuning part like when Im playing it,the string often get tune down itself
and it really annoys me whenever Im trying to find out a chord of the song.

TES FORMATIF
A. 1.1 Listen to a conversation about the properties of materials used in a specific type
of tool and answer the following questions.
1. Where does the conversation take place?
2. What tool is being discussed?
3. Which materials can be used for its different parts?
Answer:
1. At the dental care.
2. Tooth drill.
3. Titanium can be used for the handle, and tungsten-carbide and diamond for
the bur.
1.2 Complete the following extracts from the conversation using the properties in
Exercise 8c. Listen again and check your answers.
1. The handle mustn't be heavy. Ideally, you want it to be light weight.
2. Resisting friction is essential. The key requirement is abrasion resistance.
3. The bur has to be built to last. Obviously, they need to be very durable.
4. Heat builds up in the bur. You need o good degree of thermal resitance.
1.3 Match the words and phrases from Formatif A (1.2) to the synonyms.
1. ideally
2. obviously
3. the last thing you want
4. the key requirement
5. a good degree of

(b)
(a)
(e)
(c)
(d)

a. its clear that

b. for the best results
c. the most important factor
d. a lot of / a high level of
e. the worst situation

B.1.1 Match the automotive parts (l -5) to the descriptions (a-e).

1. drive belts (c)
a.sheets inserted between parts to prevent gas or fluid leakage
2. brake pads (e)
b pneumatic envelopes contract with the road surface
3. tires
(b)
c flexible bands used in transmission systems
4. sealing gaskets (a)
d protective barrier capable of resisting gunshots
5. bullet-resistant armor (d) e pads pressed against discs to induce deceleration
1.2 Read the information from DuPontTM and Kevlaron the following page explaining
some of the automotive applications of Kevlar. Complete the text using the
automotive parts in Formatif B (1.1).
1. Tires.
2. drive belts.
3. brake pads.
4. Bullet-resistant armor.
5. Sealing gaskets.

C. 1.1 listen again and answer the following questions.

1.What point does Tom make about the reasons for selecting materials?
2.What does he say about submarine-grad steel to exemplify the above n point?
3.What problem does he describe with regard to the market ability of many
materials?
4. What hard commercial fact does Louis a give?
Answer:
1.Watch materials are sometimes chosen for marketing reasons, not
technical reasons.
2.They considered using submarine-grade steel in some models even though
water resistance actually depends on the joints and seals, not the metal used.
3.Many good watch-making materials are either ordinary, or complex, and so
are not very marketable.
4.Consumers are not technical experts, and make choices based on their
impressions, rather than on factual information.
1.2 In pairs, mark the following statements True (T) or False (F) according to the
views expressed in the conversation.
1 Often exotic-sound in material as are not that suitable technically.(T)
2 People think that a submarine steel watch must be tremendously water-resistant.(T)
3 The corrosion resistance of submarine steel is exceptionally good.(F)
4 Submarine-grad steel looks fairly good.(F)
5 Tom thinks submarine steel is particularly suitable for watches.(F)
6 The firm has often used materials that are not adequately durable.(F)
7 Often, the compositions of good watch materials are relatively complex.(T)
8 Materials with complicated names are pretty good for marketing.(F)
1.3 Listen to the following phrases from the conversation and underline the
stressed syllable. Practice saying the phrases.
1 not particularly suitable.
4 tremendously marketable.
2 exceptionally resistant.
5 relatively complex.
3 not at all suitable.
6 not all that good.
1.4 Complete the following table using the words in the box.
exceptionally
fairly insufficiently not adequately
Not particularly pretty relatively
tremendously
Extemely
Quite
Tremendously Fairly

Not very
Not particularly

Exceptionally

Not (all) that

Pretty
Relatively

not (all) that

Definitely not
Not at all

Not enough
Insufficiently
Not adequately