Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Vibration Serviceability
- Offices and Quiet Spaces Thomas M. Murray, PhD, P.E.
Emeritus Professor Virginia Tech
SEI
Structural Engineers, Inc.
537 Wisteria Drive
Radford, VA 24141
540-731-3330 Fax 540-639-0713
tmmurray@floorvibe.com
http://www.floorvibe.com
CRITERIA FOR
OFFICES AND QUIET SPACES
- Walking Excitation -
ap Po exp( 0.35 f n) ao
=
g
W
g
a p = P o exp( 0.35 f
g
W
ao
g
g = acceleration of gravity
Po = 29 kg (65 lb)
fn = fundamental frequency of a beam or joist panel, or
a combined panel as , applicable
= modal damping ratio (0.01 to 0.05 or 1% to 5%)
W = effective weight supported by the beam or joist
panel, girder panel, or combined panel, as applicable
For offices and quiet spaces ao/g = 0.005 or 0.5% of gravity
XIII Simposio Internacional de Estructuras de Acero. Marzo 4 a 7, 2015. Mxico D.F.
25
10
Outdoor Footbridges
5 . . . . . . . . . . ._ _ _ _. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Indoor Footbridges,
Shopping Malls,
Dining and Dancing
2.5
. . . . . . . . . . ._ _ _ _. . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
Offices,
Residences
0.5 . . . . . . . . . . ._ _ _ _ . . . . . . . . . . . . .
0.25
Modified ISO
Scale for
Human
Tolerance
ap Po exp( 0.35 f n) ao
=
g
W
g
0.1
_ ___ _
0.05
1
4 5
8 10
25
40
Frequency (Hz)
XIII Simposio Internacional de Estructuras de Acero. Marzo 4 a 7, 2015. Mxico D.F.
g
W
g
XIII Simposio Internacional de Estructuras de Acero. Marzo 4 a 7, 2015. Mxico D.F.
4
2 wL
1/ 2
(Hz.)
= 5wL 4 / (384Es I t )
f n = 0.18 g /
(Hz.)
ap Po exp( 0.35 f n) ao
=
g
W
g
Member
f n = 0.18 g /( b + g)
Bay
f n = 0.18 g /( b + g + c )
System
ap Po exp( 0.35 f n) ao
=
g
W
g
XIII Simposio Internacional de Estructuras de Acero. Marzo 4 a 7, 2015. Mxico D.F.
Fully Composite
Effective Width
n = Es/1.35Ec
XIII Simposio Internacional de Estructuras de Acero. Marzo 4 a 7, 2015. Mxico D.F.
f n = 0.18 g /( b + g)
= 5wL 4 / (384Es I t )
Minimum Frequency
To avoid resonance with the first
harmonic of walking, the minimum
frequency must be greater than 3 Hz.
e.g.
fn > 3 Hz
Effective Weight
Floor Length
Floor Width
(4.4)
ap Po exp( 0.35 f n) ao
=
g
W
g
W j = ( w j / S) B j L j
Girder Panel:
W g = ( w g / L j,avg) Bg Lg
B j = C j(Ds /D j)
Dj = Ij/S (in4/ft)
XIII Simposio Internacional de Estructuras de Acero. Marzo 4 a 7, 2015. Mxico D.F.
de=dc-ddeck /2
____
Ds =
4
3
(12 / n)(de / 12) in /
Ec = w
1.5
f c
A = (12 / n) de
ft
fc in ksi
n = Es/1.35 Ec
XIII Simposio Internacional de Estructuras de Acero. Marzo 4 a 7, 2015. Mxico D.F.
S
W21 44
4 SPA @ 7- 6
=30= Lg
de = 3.50 +
Lj = 45
W14 22
W14 22
W24 55
W18 35
W14 22
W21 44
Bay Framing
2.00
= 4.50
2
3.50
2.00
W18 35
Section
Floor Width = 30 ft
Floor Length = 90 ft
Paper Office
Slab Properties:
Concrete:
wc = 110 pcf
fc = 4000 psi
Girder Properties
W18 35
W24 55
A = 10.30 in.2
A = 16.20 in.2
Ix = 510 in.4
Ix = 1350 in.4
d = 17.70 in.
d = 23.57 in.
f c 110
386
f j = 0.18
= 3.76 Hz
0.885
Bj = Cj (Ds/ Dj)1/4Lj = 40.4 ft > 2/3 (30) = 20 ft
Wj = 1.5(wj/S)BjLj = 90,000 lbs = 90.0 kips
XIII Simposio Internacional de Estructuras de Acero. Marzo 4 a 7, 2015. Mxico D.F.
Ig = 4,436 in4
XIII Simposio Internacional de Estructuras de Acero. Marzo 4 a 7, 2015. Mxico D.F.
Bg = Cg(D j /Dg)
Do Not Reduce
g /( + ) =
= 0.18
3.08 Hz
W= W + W
+
+
j
100 kips
Evaluation
= 0.03 from Table 4.1 (Modal Damping Ratio)
W = 0.03 100 = 3.0 kips = 3000 lbs
N.G.
25
Rhythmic Activities
10
Outdoor Footbridges
5 . . . . . . . . . . ._ _ _ _ . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Indoor Footbridges,
Shopping Malls,
Dining and Dancing
2.5
. . . . . . . . . . _ _ _ _. . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
Offices,
Residences
0.5 . . . . . . . . . . ._ _ _ _ . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Extended by Allen
and Murray (1993)
0.25
ISO Baseline Curve for
RMS Acceleration
0.1
_ _ __ _
0.05
1
4 5
8 10
Frequency (Hz)
25
40
Original Design
W18x35
W24x55
fb = 3.76 hz
fg = 5.37 hz
fn = 3.08 Hz
ap/g=0.74%g
Improved Design
Increase Concrete Thickness 1 in.
W18X35
W24x55
fb = 3.75 hz
fg = 5.28 hz
fn = 3.04 Hz
ap/g=0.65%g
Original Design
W18x35
W24x55
fb = 3.76 hz
fg = 5.37 hz
fn = 3.08 Hz
ap/g=0.74%g
Improved Design
Increase Girder Size
W18X35
W24x84
fb = 3.76 hz
fg = 7.17 hz
fn = 3.33 Hz
ap/g=0.70%g
Original Design
W18x35
W24x55
fb = 3.76 hz
fg = 5.37 hz
fn = 3.08 Hz
ap/g=0.74%g
Improved Designs
Increase Beam Size
W21x50
W24x55
fb = 4.84 hz
fg = 5.29 hz
fn = 3.57 Hz
ap/g=0.58%g
W24x55
W24x55
fb = 5.22 hz
fg = 5.28 hz
fn = 3.71 Hz
ap/g=0.50%g
Floor Width
and Length
D
A
B
Example
Bay
Floor
Width
A
B
C
D
XIII Simposio Internacional de Estructuras de Acero. Marzo 4 a 7, 2015. Mxico D.F.
Floor
Length
Floor Width
and Length
D
A
B
Example
Bay
Floor
Width
Floor
Length
90
90
B
C
D
XIII Simposio Internacional de Estructuras de Acero. Marzo 4 a 7, 2015. Mxico D.F.
Floor Width
and Length
D
A
B
Example
Bay
Floor
Width
Floor
Length
90
90
150
90
C
D
XIII Simposio Internacional de Estructuras de Acero. Marzo 4 a 7, 2015. Mxico D.F.
Floor Width
and Length
D
A
B
Example
Bay
Floor
Width
Floor
Length
90
90
150
90
150
30 (45?)
D
XIII Simposio Internacional de Estructuras de Acero. Marzo 4 a 7, 2015. Mxico D.F.
Floor Width
and Length
D
A
B
Example
Bay
Floor
Width
Floor
Length
90
90
150
90
150
30
30
90
Bg = Cg(Dj/Dg)1/4 Lg
Bg = Cg(Dj/Dg)1/4 Lg
Bg = Cg(Dj/Dg)1/4 Lg
Bg = Cg(Dj/Dg)1/4 Lg
Final Thought
XIII Simposio Internacional de Estructuras de Acero
Gracias!!
XIII Simposio Internacional de Estructuras de Acero. Marzo 4 a 7, 2015. Mxico D.F.