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It should have one purpose and one intent; Construe its parts and section in
connection with other parts
Optima Statuti Interpretatio est ipsum statutum - the best interpreter of a statute is
the statute itself
Do not inquire too much into the motives which influenced the legislative body
unless the motive is stated or disclosed in the statute themselves.
Aisporna v. CA
pointed out that words, clauses, phrases should not be studied as detached/isolated
expressions
Consider every part in understanding the meaning of its part to produce a
harmonious whole
Meaning of the law is borne in mind and not to be extracted from a single word
Most important: Every part of the statute must be interpreted with reference to the
context
spoken word to tap any wire or cable or by using any other device or arrangement,
to secretly overhear, intercept, or record such communication or spoken word by
using such device commonly known as dictagraph
ISSUE: whether the phrase device or arrangement includes party line and extension
RULING: it should not be construed in isolation. Rather it should be interpreted in
relation to the other words (tap, to overhear) thus party line or telephone extension
is not included because the words in the provision limit it to those that have a
physical interruption through a wiretap or the deliberate installation of device to
overhear.
RP v. CA
ISSUE: whether or not an appeal of cases involving just compensation should be
made first by DARAB before RTC under Sec. 57
RULING: SC said that the contention of the Republic and the Land Bank in the
affirmative side has no merit because although DARAB is granted a jurisdiction over
agrarian reform matters, it does not have jurisdiction over criminal cases.
Sajonas v. CA
ISSUE: what period an adverse claim annotated at the back of a transfer certificate
effective?
RULING: In construing the law Sec. 70 of PD 1529 (adverse claim shall be effective
for a period of 30 days from the date of the registration) care should be taken to
make every part effective
Mejia v.Balalong
ISSUE: how to construe next general election in Sec. 88 of the City Charter of
Dagupan City.
RULING: the phrase refers to the next general election after the city came into
being and not the one after its organization by Presidential Proclamation.
Uytengsu v Republic
ISSUE: whether the requirement the requirement for naturalization that the
applicant will reside continuously in the Philippines from the date of the filing of
the petition up to the time of his admission to Philippine citizenship refers to actual
residence or merely to legal residence or domicile
RULING; such requirement refers to actual or physical residence because to
construe it otherwise is to render the clause a surplusage.
An applicant for naturalization must be actually residing in the Philippines from the
filing of the petition for naturalization to its determination by the court
Almeda v. Florentino
Law the municipal board shall have a secretary who shall be appointed by it to
serve during the term of office of the members thereof
Amendment the vice-mayor shall appoint all employees of the board who may be
suspended or removed in accordance with law
Construction of both Law and Amendment the power of the vice-mayor to make
appointment pursuant to the amendatory act is limited to the appointment of all
employees of the board other than the board secretary who is to be appointed by the
board itself
Taada v. Tuvera
This is the case regarding Art. 2 of the Civil Code especially the phrase unless
otherwise provided.
One should understand that if the phrase refers to the publication itself it would
violate the constitution
broad subject as along as their specific subjects are not the same, they are NOT in
pari materia.
Lacson v. Roque
ISSUE: the phrase unless sooner removed of a statute that states the mayor shall
hold office for four years unless sooner removed
RULING: the court held that the phrase should be construed in relation to removal
statutes. Thus the phrase meant that although the mayor cannot be removed during
his term of office, once he violates those that are stated in removal statutes.
King v. Hernaez
Relation of RA 1180 (Retail Trade Nationalization Act) to Commonwealth Act 108
(Anti Dummy Law)
Dialdas v. Percides
FACTS: a alien who operated a retail store in Cebu decided to close his Cebu store
and transfer it to Dumaguete. RTL (retail trade law) and Tax Code Sec. 199 were
the statutes taken into consideration in this case. The former authorizes any alien
who on May 15, 1954 is actually engaged in retail, to continue to engage therein
until his voluntary retirement from such business, but not to establish or open
additional stores for retail business. The latter provides that any business for which
the privilege tax has been paid may be removed and continued in any other place
without payment of additional tax.
ISSUE: whether the transfer by the alien from Cebu to Dumaguete can be considered
as a voluntary retirement from business.
RULING: No. Although the trial court affirmed the question, the SC ruled otherwise
stating that RTC overlooked the clear provision of Sec. 199.
STATCON: There are two statutes that should be considered. RA 309 (amended by
6631 & 6632) is silent on the matter but the practice is to use breakages for anti
bookie drive and other sale promotions. E.O. 88 & 89 which allocated breakages
therein specified. These two should be construed in pari materia, thus all breakages
derived from all races should be distributed and allocated in accordance with
Executive Orders because no law should be viewed in isolation.
Reference statutes
A statute which refers to other statutes and makes them applicable to the subject of
legislation
Used to avoid encumbering the statute books of unnecessary repetition
Supplemental statutes
Intended to supply deficiencies in existing statutes
Reenacted statutes
Statute which reenacts a previous statute or provision.
Montelibano v. Ferrer
ISSUE: application of Sec. 3 fo the City Charter of Manila is valid in the criminal
complaint directly file by an offended party in the city court of Bacolod?
RULING: The court ruled that the criminal complaint filed directly by the offended
party is invalid and it ordered the city court to dismiss it. The provisions of the City
Charter of Manila Bacolod on the same subject are identically worded, hence they
should receive the same construction.