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  • Sand Filter Comparison Chart

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    Nina Mulyani
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    The document compares different types of sand filters. It finds that traditional slow sand filters are very effective at removing pathogens, parasites, bacteria, viruses, and particulates. They have a large surface area, are shallow, have minimal piping requirements, and are simple to construct and operate with low costs. In contrast, rapid sand filters are less effective at removing certain contaminants but are used in conventional treatment systems with pre-treatment. They have a smaller surface area, are very deep, require extensive piping, and are more complex with higher costs. Pressure sand filters are also used in conventional treatment with pre-treatment, have an even smaller surface area and lower depth, but require extensive piping and are more complex to operate.

    Descrizione originale:

    comparation between slow sand filter and rapid sand filter

    Titolo originale

    SF_comp

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    The document compares different types of sand filters. It finds that traditional slow sand filters are very effective at removing pathogens, parasites, bacteria, viruses, and particulates. They have a large surface area, are shallow, have minimal piping requirements, and are simple to construct and operate with low costs. In contrast, rapid sand filters are less effective at removing certain contaminants but are used in conventional treatment systems with pre-treatment. They have a smaller surface area, are very deep, require extensive piping, and are more complex with higher costs. Pressure sand filters are also used in conventional treatment with pre-treatment, have an even smaller surface area and lower depth, but require extensive piping and are more complex to operate.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Scarica in formato PDF, TXT o leggi online su Scribd
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    22 visualizzazioni2 pagine

    Sand Filter Comparison Chart

    Caricato da

    Nina Mulyani
    The document compares different types of sand filters. It finds that traditional slow sand filters are very effective at removing pathogens, parasites, bacteria, viruses, and particulates. They have a large surface area, are shallow, have minimal piping requirements, and are simple to construct and operate with low costs. In contrast, rapid sand filters are less effective at removing certain contaminants but are used in conventional treatment systems with pre-treatment. They have a smaller surface area, are very deep, require extensive piping, and are more complex with higher costs. Pressure sand filters are also used in conventional treatment with pre-treatment, have an even smaller surface area and lower depth, but require extensive piping and are more complex to operate.

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    di 2

    SAND FILTER COMPARISON CHART

    Characteristic
    Effectiveness in
    removing:
    Pathogens
    Parasites
    Bacteria
    Viruses
    Particulates
    Silt
    Clay
    Organic

    Oxidized
    Iron
    Manganese
    Arsenic

    Fluoride

    Dissolved Organics

    Opportunity for
    Breakthrough
    Structural Issues
    Relative surface area.
    Relative height.
    Piping Requirements.
    Engineering and
    Construction
    Complexity.

    Traditional

    Rapid Sand

    Pressure Sand

    Manz Slow Sand

    Slow Sand Filter

    Filter

    Filter

    FilterTM/Manz

    (TSSF)

    (RSF)

    (PSF)

    Polishing FilterTM
    (MSF) (MPF)

    Very effective
    Very effective
    Very effective

    Possible
    Not effective
    Not effective

    Possible
    Not effective
    Not effective

    Very effective
    Very effective
    Very effective

    Very effective and


    practical at low
    turbidity

    Effective as part of
    conventional treatment
    systems. (These
    include use of
    coagulants and
    clarification prior to
    filtration.)
    fil i )

    Effective as part of
    conventional treatment
    systems. (These
    include use of
    coagulants and
    clarification prior to
    filtration.)
    fil
    i )

    Very effective and


    practical at all
    turbidities. Pretreatment may be
    useful.

    Effective but not


    usually practical.

    Not sufficiently
    effective or normally
    used.
    Not sufficiently
    effective or normally
    used.
    Not sufficiently
    effective or normally
    used.
    Very effective and
    practical with
    required pre-treatment.

    Not sufficiently
    effective or normally
    used.
    Not sufficiently
    effective or normally
    used.
    Not sufficiently
    effective or normally
    used.
    Very effective and
    practical with
    required pre-treatment.

    Very effective and


    practical.

    Not possible.

    Normal. Used to
    indicate need to clean.

    Normal. Used to
    indicate need to clean.

    Not possible.

    Very large.
    Deep.
    Minimal.
    Minimal.

    Small.
    Very deep.
    Extensive.
    Complex.

    Very Small.
    Shallow.
    Extensive.
    Minimal.

    Large.
    Shallow.
    Minimal.
    Minimal.

    Not used because


    pre-treatment
    impractical.
    Not used because
    pre-treatment
    impractical.
    Not used because
    pre-treatment
    impractical.

    Very effective and


    practical with required
    pre-treatment.
    Very effective and
    practical with required
    pre-treatment.
    Very effective and
    practical with
    required pre-treatment.

    Page 1 of 2

    Traditional

    Rapid Sand

    Pressure Sand

    Manz Slow Sand

    Slow Sand Filter

    Filter

    Filter

    FilterTM/Manz
    Polishing FilterTM
    (MSF) (MPF)

    Characteristic

    (TSSF)

    (RSF)

    (PSF)

    Rel. Production
    Capacity Practical
    Range.

    Community scale.

    Community scale.
    (Impractical at small
    scales.)

    Small community.
    (Impractical at large
    scales.)

    Household to
    community scale.

    Operational
    Complexity

    Very Simple.

    Complex.

    Relatively complex.

    Simple.

    Relative
    Construction Cost

    Low.

    High.

    Very low.

    Need for cover in winter.

    Yes.

    Yes.

    Relatively high.
    (Usually come as
    assembled components
    or package plants.)
    Yes.

    Yes.

    Low.

    High.

    High.

    Low.

    Manpower.
    M

    Low
    L but
    b t can bbe
    significant if water has
    high concentration of
    suspended solids. (Not
    convenient to clean.)

    Low.
    L

    Low.
    L

    Very llow.
    V

    Method of Cleaning.

    Manual scraping.

    Vigorous backwash
    usually automatically
    initiated with filtration
    to waste.

    Vigorous backwash
    usually automatically
    initiated with filtration
    to waste.

    Limited backwash
    intended to clean filter
    surface layer that may
    be automatically or
    manually initiated.

    Filter to waste
    requirements.

    Not required
    (suspended solids and
    parasites removed
    without formation of
    biolayer)

    Required to flush filter


    media and until
    properly conditioned.

    Required to flush filter


    media and until
    properly conditioned.

    Not required
    (suspended solids and
    parasites removed
    without formation of
    biolayer)

    Chemicals in
    wastewater.

    Nil, as pre-treatment is
    not practical.

    Present because pretreatment using


    coagulants is required
    to achieve system
    performance.
    Very high.
    High.
    High.

    Typically present
    because pre-treatment
    using coagulants is
    required to achieve
    system performance.
    Very high.
    Very high.
    High.

    Nil, if pre-treatment is
    not used. Pre-treatment
    is often not necessary
    for adequate filter
    performance.
    Very low.
    Low.
    Low.

    Relative Operating
    and Cleaning Cost.
    Manpower - skill level
    required to successfully
    operate filter in long
    term.

    Wastewater generation.
    Almost nil.
    Energy (pumps, etc.)
    Very low.
    Overall cost of op./maint. Low.

    Page 2 of 2

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