Tarquino Snchez Almeida.

Ingeniero en Electrnica y Telecomunicaciones y MBA

en Gerencia Empresarial por la Escuela Politcnica Nacional (EPN) y en la Maastricht
School of Management (Pases Bajos) obtuvo un Post Graduate Diploma. Ha sido
decano, subdecano, coordinador de posgrados y docente investigador de la Facultad
de Ingeniera Elctrica y Electrnica de la EPN. Adems, se ha desempeado como
docente invitado en las universidades de Cuenca, De las Amricas e Internacional del
Ecuador. Tambin es autor de varias publicaciones cientficas en revistas indexadas y
de libros de apoyo a la docencia. Actualmente es Vicerrector de Docencia de la Escuela
Politcnica Nacional (2013-2018).

Seguramente no hay nada ms contemporneo que la tecnologa de la semiconduccin y los diferentes dispositivos que
con ella se han logrado. Estudiarlos y esforzarnos por entender
el funcionamiento de los complejos sistemas que han logrado
constituye, pues, una de las actividades intelectuales ms
fructferas y urgentes en nuestros das. El presente libro est
dedicado precisamente a ello.
Los dispositivos electrnicos actan unos con otros para
formar circuitos y estos, a la vez, forman redes circuitales ms
complejas que, obedeciendo a leyes y principios elctricos,
permiten brindar soluciones a requerimientos y problemas de
ingeniera. La electrnica actual se enfoca en la bsqueda de
nuevos materiales para el diseo y la manufactura de nuevos
dispositivos y circuitos electrnicos utilizados en la elaboracin
de aparatos, objetos e instrumentos que mejoran la calidad
de vida de las personas. En tal contexto, esta obra recoge la
fundamentacin terica, ofrece sendos ejemplos y ejercicios
propuestos, as como tambin presenta algunas de las aplicaciones prcticas de los circuitos electrnicos. La exposicin
de estos materiales est organizada progresivamente en tres
partes. En suma, Circuitos electrnicos: ejercicios y aplicaciones
busca ser un til insumo para los estudiantes de ingeniera.

para mayor informacin, visite:

www.epn.edu.ec

Tarquino Snchez Almeida

ejercicios y aplicaciones

Circuitos electrncios

Circuitos
electrnicos
ejercicios y aplicaciones

Tarquino Snchez Almeida

ISBN 978-9978-383-27-8

( )

( )

 =
=

= 1.38 1023

= 1.6 1019

26

= ()
, = ( )

,
0

[1.1]

( )

= =

( + 1)

( )

[1.2]

+1

( + 1)
=

[1.3]

[1.4]
[1.5]

= 1 2

>

[1.6]

=

=
CE
=

[1.7]

10

[1.8]

= =

[1.9]

( + 1) ( + )

+1

( + 1) ( + )

[1.10]

[1.11]

[1.12]

= 1 2

>

[1.13]

=

=

[1.14]

= +
=

[1.15]

= ( + 1) ( + )

[1.16]

CE
.
||
=

+ +

. +
2 : + <

10
( + )

[1.17]

 = + + ,

[1.18]

= 0.2

2

[1.19]

[1.20]

[1.21]

+ +

[1.22]

+ + + +

[1.23]

1.1

= 0.5 sen V
1 k
= 50, = 80, = 100.
20 kHz

[1.24]

1 kHz

 =
= =

=
2
2

| | = 10
= 50
= 0.5 ()
= 1
= 1

: >
=
= | | = 10 0.5 = 5
= 1
= = 2 1 = 666.67

(5 )(1.1) = 16.5
=

666.67

1.1 = (10% 20%)

.
=

16.5
=
= 8.25 =

1 < < 10
.
=

8.25
=
= 165

50

23 (300
)
(1.3806503 10
)
=
=
= 25.852
19

1.6021765 10

:
=
=

 =
=
: = 26

26
=
= 3.15
8.25

666.67
=
3.15 = 63.52
| |
10

68
62

+ + 5 + 0.5 + 2 7.5
= 8
1 = + = 16.5 + 8 0,7 = 23.8
1 = 11 = 11(165 ) = 1.82
1 =

1
23.8
=
= 13.07
1
1.82

1 =

15
13

1 23.8
=
= 1.83
1
13

2 = 1 = 1.83 165 = 1.67

1 + 1 + 0.5 1.5
= 2
=

2
=
= 242.42
8.25

= = 242.42 62 = 180.42

= + = 2 + 0.7 2.7
2 =

2.7
=
= 1.61
2 1.67

= .

1.8
1.6

200
180

 + + 16.5 + 8 + 2 26.5
=
= ( + 1)( + ) = (50 + 1)(3.15 + 62 ) = 3.32
= 1 2 = 1.6 13 3.32 = 996.88

666.67
| | =
=
= 10.23
+
3.15 + 62

10
10
2.39

2 2 1 666.67

= .

10
10

2 ( + ) 2 1 (3.15 + 62 )
= 24.43

10
10

= 1.59
2 2 1 996.88

= .

| | = 40
= 50
= 0.1 ()
= 1
= 3.3
1

:
| | =
( +

:
=
= ( + 1)( + )

( + ) =

=
( + 1) ( + 1)

< + <
| |
+1

?
1
3.3
< + <
50 + 1
40

19.61 < + < 82.5

: + = 40

| | =

= | |( + ) = (40)(40 ) = 1.6
=

3.3 1.6
=
= 3.11
3.3 1.6

3.3
3.0

= | | = 40 0.1 = 4
= 3.3
= = 3 3.3 = 1.57
=

(4 )(1.1) = 8.41
=

1.57

1.1 = (10% 20%)

.
=

8.41
=
= 2.80 =

1 < < 10
.
=

2.80
=
= 56

50

23 (300
)
(1.3806503 10
)
=
=
= 25.852

1.6021765 1019

donde:
=
=
=
=
: = 26
=

26
=
= 9.29
2.80

1.57
=
9.29 = 29.96
| |
40

30
27

+ + 4 + 0.1 + 2 6.1
= 6.5

1 = + = 8.41 + 6.5 0.7 = 14.21

1 = 11 = 11(56 ) = 0.62
1 =

1 14.21
=
= 22.92
1
0.62

1 =

24
22

1 14.21
=
= 0.59
1
24

2 = 1 = 0.59 56 = 0.53
= 1
= ( + 1)( + ) = (50 + 1)(9.29 + 30 ) = 2.0
=

(1 )(2.0 )
=
= 2.0

2.0 1

2 >

1 (2.0 )(24 )
>
> 2.18
1
24 2.0

2 = 2.2
:

2.2
2.0

+ 1 + 0.7 1.7

= 2 2 = (2.2 )(0.53 ) = 1.17 1.7

2
= 2 2 = (3.9 )(0.53 ) = 2.07 1.7
= .

= = 2.07 0.7 = 1.37

:

+ 1 1.1

1.37
=
= 489.29
2.80

= = 489.29 30 = 459.29

470
430

= = ( + ) = (2.80 )(30 + 470 ) = 1.4

= + + = 8.41 + 6.5 + 1.4 = 16.31
=

| | =

1.57
= 39.96
=
+ 9.29 + 30

= 1 2 = 24 3.9 2.0 = 1.25

10
10
1.01

2 2 1 1.57

= .

10
10

2 ( + ) 2 1 (9.29 + 30 )
= 40.51

10
10

= 1.27
2 2 1 1.25

= .

A partir del desarrollo anterior se obtuvo:

= 3
= 4
= 3.3
= 1.57
= 8.41
= 2.80 =
= 56
= 9.29
= 30
= 6.5
= 2.0

Aplicando el mtodo 2:
: + 1 1.1
= 2
=

2
=
= 714.29
2.80

= = 714.29 30 = 684.29

750
680

= = ( + ) = (2.80 )(30 + 680 ) = 1.99

= + = 1.99 + 0.7 = 2.69
2 = 10 = 10(56 ) = 0.56
2 =

2.69
=
= 4.80
2 0.56

5.1
4.7

= .
= + + = 8.41 + 6.5 + 1.99 = 16.9
=

1 = = 18 2.69 = 15.31
1 = 2 + = 0.56 + 56 = 0.62
1 =

1 15.31
=
= 24.69
1
0.62

| | =

27
24

1.57
= 39.96
=
+ 9.29 + 30

= 1 2 = 24 5.1 2.0 = 1.36

10
10
1.01

2 2 1 1.57

= .

10
10

2 ( + ) 2 1 (9.29 + 30 )
= 40.51

10
10

= 1.17
2 2 1 1.36

= .

1 2

= 3
= 4
= 3.3
= 1.57
= 8.41
= 2.80 =
= 56
= 9.29
= 30
= 6.5
= 2.0

Aplicando el mtodo 3:
= 1
=

(1 )(2.0 )
=
= 2.0

2.0 1

= 1 2
1 = 2
2 = 1 = 2 = 2(2.0 ) = 4.0
= =

4.3
3.9

= + +
=

= =

0.7
2

= + + = + + + +

0.7
2

= 2( + + + 0.7 )
= 2(8.41 + 4 + 0.1 + 2 0.7 ) = 27.62

30
=
= 15
2
2

30
=
0.7 =
0.7 = 14.3
2
2

14.3
=
=
= 5.11
2.80
=

= = 5.11 30 = 5.08

= .

| | =

5.1
4.7

1.57
= 39.96
=
+ 9.29 + 30

= 1 2 = 10 10 2.0 = 1.43

10
10
1.01

2 2 1 1.57

= .

10
10

2 ( + ) 2 1 (9.29 + 30 )
= 40.51

10
10

= 1.11
2 2 1 1.43

= .

= =

+
( + 1)

[1.25]

[1.26]

= 1 2

[1.27]

 = +

( + 1)

= ||

>

[1.28]

[1.29]

[1.30]

= ||

[1.31]

= =

=
=

||
+
( + 1)

[1.32]

[1.33]

||
=

+
( + 1)

( + 1)

[1.34]

[1.35]

= || =

[1.36]

10

[1.37]

10

: =

[1.38]

=
+ ||

( + 1)

||
=

+
( + 1)

( + 1)

( + 1)

10
( + 1)

= 2fmin )

= 20
= 100
= 0.1 ()

[1.39]

 = 1
= 1
100

+
+1

?
=

1
=
= 50

20

Por lo anterior se modifica el problema:

= 6.8
=

6.8
=
= 340

20

100 < < 340
: = 200
(20)(200 ) = 4.0

6.8 4.0

9.71
6.8 4.0

10
9.1

 = | | = 20 0.1 = 2
= 6.8
= = 10 6.8 = 4.05

10

(2 ) 4.4

4.05

11
=
= 1.1 =

10

1 < < 10
.

1.1
=
= 10.89

100

26
=
= 23.64
1.1

+ 2 0.1 + 2 3.9
=

+
+1

= (

4.0
) ( + 1) = (
23.64 ) (100 + 1) = 17.81

20

1 = + = 11 + 3.9 0.7 = 15.6

1 = 11 = 11(10.89 ) = 0.12
1 =

1
15.6
=
= 130
1
0.12

2 >

150
130

1 (17.81 )(130 )
>
> 20.64
1
130 17.81

=
= 1 2 = 130 20 = 17.33

22
20

 = +

17.33
= 23.64 +
= 195.22
+1
100 + 1

2 = 1 = 0.12 10.89 = 0.11

:

+ 1 + 0.7 1.7

= 2 2 = (20 )(0.11 ) = 2.2 1.7

= = 2.2 0.7 = 1.5
:
=

+ 1 1.1

1.5
1.5
=
= 1.36
1.3
1.1

= .

= = (1.1 )(1.3 ) = 1.43

= + + = 11 + 3.9 + 1.43 = 16.33
=

= = 1.3 195.22 = 169.73

4 k
=
=
= 20.48

17.33
+
23.64

+
+1
100 + 1

10
10
0.39 F

2 2 1 kHz 4.0 k

= F

10
10

= 9.38
2 2 1 169.73

= F

=+1

+
1

= ( + 1)( + )

= ||

[1.40]

= +

+1

= ||

[1.41]

[1.42]

[1.43]

[1.44]

[1.45]

10

10

= 80
= 2 ()
= 1
= 470 k
2.0 k

( + ) =

=
= ( + 1)( + )

( + ) =

=
( + 1) ( + 1)

< + <
| |
+1

[1.46]
[1.47]
10

[1.48]

 = ( + 1)( + )
= 2.0 k

>

2.0
>
= 19.8
( + 1) 100 + 1

>

470 19.8
>
> 20.67
470 19.8

22
20

= = 1 k 470 = 319.73
= = 2
=

1 k

(2 V)(1.2) = 7.5 V
=

319.73

1.2 = (10% 20%)

.
= 2 = 2(7.5 )
=
=

7.5
=
= 7.5
1

1 < < 10
.
=

7.5
=
= 93.75

80

26
=
= 3.47
7.5

2 = = + = 7.5 + 0.7 = 8.2

2 = 10 = 10(93.75 ) = 0.94
2 =

2
8.2
=
= 8.72
2
0.94

= .

9.1
8.2

1 = 11 = 11(93.75 ) = 1.03
1 = = 15 8.2 = 6.8

1 =

1
6.8
=
= 6.6
1
1.03

6.8
6.2

= . .
= ( + 1)( + ) = (80 + 1)(3.47 + 319.73 ) = 26.18 k
= 1 2 = 6.8 k 9.1 k = 3.89 k

319.73
= 0.99
=
+ 3.47 + 319.73

= 1 2 = 6.8 9.1 26.18 = 3.39

10
10
= 4.97

2 2 1 319.73

10
10

= 0.47
2 2 1 3.39

t
Vin 0.5sent[V ]

Z in 6[k]

f mn 1[kHz]

VO 1[V ]

mn 50

f mn 1[kHz]

Z in 300[]

Vin 0.2[V ]

mn 100

f mn 800[ Hz]

Z in 10[k]

VO 2[V ]

f mn 1[kHz]

RL 4.5[k]

RL 1[k]

| Av | 15
RL 4.7[k]

| Av | 10
RL 10[k]

mn 80

mn 50

= 0

= 0
=

= 0
=

 = (1

[1.49]

: , , []
=

[1.50]

: , [Siems]

[1.51]
=

)
[1.52]

: , .
2
=
[1.53]

=
(1
)
[1.54]

= (1

:
= ( )

= 100 k
= 4.45 mS
= 445

[1.55]

+ + ( + 1)

+ ( + 1)

[1.56]
[1.57]
[1.58]
[1.59]

> + +

[1.60]

> | |

[1.61]

>

[1.62]

> + + + +

[1.63]

[1.64]

= || =

[1.65]

[1.66]

= || =

[1.67]

| | = 10
= 0.1 ()
= 1
= 6.8 k
100

= 10
= 4
= 120

=
| | =
= 2

10
= 2
= 5

: = .
= | | = 10 0.1 = 1
= 6.8
= = 6.8 k 6.8 k = 3.4 k
=

6.8 k

(1 V) = 2 V 1.2 = 2.4 V
=

3.4 k

1.2 = (10% 20%)

.
= 10
1
2
< <
3
3
1.33 < < 6.67
=

2.4
=
= 0.35

6.8

: = 15

15
=
= 2.21 =

6.8 k

2
= (1
)

2.21
= (1
) = (1
) (4 ) = 2.12

10
= 2

10
2.12
(1
) = 2
(1
) = 2.35

4
4

| | = = 2.35 3.4 k = 7.99

10

: | | = 7.5
=

+ + ( + 1)

= = (2.35 mS)(120 k) = 282

= (

1
)
( + 1)

= (

(282)(3.4 k)
1
120 k 3.4 k)
= 15.69
7.5
(282 + 1)

16
15

= = 2.12 V
=

2.12 V
=
= 959.28
2.21 mA

= = 959.28 15 = 944.28
=

1 k
910

= + = 15 + 1 k = 1.015 k
= = (2.21 )(1.015 k) = 2.24
> | | = 4
= | | = 7.5 0.1 = 0.75
+ + + + = 15 + 0.75 + 0.1 + 4 + 2.24
= 22.09

(282)(3.4 k)
=
= 7.51

+ + ( + 1) 120 k + 3.4 k + (282 + 1)(15 )

= 100 =

10
2

10
0.013
2 1 120

= .

=

+ + ( + 1)

+
1
=

1
=

10
2

10(2.35 )
3.74
2 1

= .
+
=

10
2 ( + )

10
0.12
2 1 (6.8 k + 6.8 k)

= .

+ +

10
2 ( + )

=
=

[1.69]

1
1 0
+

[1.70]

1
=

[1.71]

1
= ( )

[1.72]

= 0.1 () V
= 1 kHz

= 3 k

= 10 mA
= 4 V
= 120 k

[1.68]

1 +

10 M

[1.73]

 =
=

>1

>
> 3 k

: = .
= = 4.7 k 3 k = 1.83 k
=

4.7

(2 ) = 5.14 1.2 = 6.16

=

1.83

1.2 = (10% 20%)

.
= 10
1
2
< <
3
3
1.33 < < 6.67
= 10
=

10
=
= 2.18 =
4.7

= (1

2
)

2.18
= (1
) = (1
) (4 ) = 2.13

10
= 2

10
2.13
(1
) = 2
(1
) = 2.34

4
4

= + = 2.13 + 10 = 7.87
= 2 = 2(10 ) = 20
=

(2.34 )(1.83 )

= 0.81
=
1 + 1 + (2.34 )(1.83 )

= 10 M =

10
10

0.16 F
2 2 1 10

10
10(2.34)
= 2.03 F
=
2 2 1 1.83

RL = R D R L
gm + gd
Av =
g m RL
1
+ gd
RL
1
Zin = R S
gm
Zo = RL rd RL

Vin 0.1V

RL 1k

Av 20

g m 2.25mS Vp 4V
rd 90k

I DSS 4mA

[1.74]
[1.75]
[1.76]
[1.77]

+ Vcc
In

V-

In

V+

- Vcc

=
=
=
= +
=

Vo
Salida


= 0

= 0 V

= 0 =

+ Vcc
In

V-

In

V+

Vo=G Vd=G (V+ - V-)

- Vcc

= + > 0
= < 0

donde =

+ =

= + = 0

( )
(+ )

+ =

= +
0
+ = = 0

Ley de nodos de Kirchhoff

:

=0V

(. )

+ : 0 + = 0 + = 0
= +
. 1:

0
0
=

[. ]

Funcin de transferencia es independiente de G y depende de las

resistencias externas.
La realimentacin de la salida a la entrada a travs de sirve para
llevar la tensin diferencial de = = + a cero, es decir
= 0 V.
Como + = 0 la realimentacin negativa tiene el efecto de llevar a a
cero, por lo tanto en el A.O. V+ = V- = 0 y existe una tierra virtual. El
trmino virtual significa que V- = 0 (potencial de tierra) pero no fluye
corriente real en este cortocircuito, debido a que no puede fluir ninguna
corriente para V- y para V+ debido a Ren .

 = +
0 V
+ = = 0 A

Ley de nodos de Kirchhoff

:

+
+
+
=0V

+ : 0 + = 0 + = 0 V
= +
. 1:

0 0 0 0
+
+
+
=0V

+
+
+
=0V

= (

+
+ )

=
=

= +
0 V
+ = = 0 A

[. ]

Ley de nodos de Kirchhoff

0
+
=0V

+ : + = 0 V + =
= +
. 1:

0
+
=0V

+
=0V

=
1

=+

= +

1 = 0.5 (1 ) V
2 = 1 (2 ) V
4 = 1 k
1 = 10 k

[. ]

 = +
0 V
+ = = 0 A

1

+ : 1 + = 0 V + = 1
0 1
+
=0V

0 1 1 1
+
=0V

1
1 = 1 (1 + ) = 1 (1 + )

2

+ : 0 V + = 0 V + = 0 V
1 2
+
=0V

1 0 V 2 0 V
+
=0V

2 =

1
1
2 =
. 2

2

+ : 2 + = 0 V + = 2
0 V 2
+
=0V

0 V 2 2 2
+
=0V

. 1

2 = 2 (1 +

1
) = 2 (1 + )

1

+ : 0 + = 0 V + = 0 V
2 1
+
=0V

2 0 V 1 0 V
+
=0V

1 =

2
2
2 =
. 4

. 1 + . 4
1
2
1 = 1 (1 + )

. 5

. 2 + . 3
1
1
2 = 2 (1 + )

. 6

3

1
+
=0V
4
1

:
+ :

2 + 0 V +
+
=0V
4
1

2 + +
+
=0V
4
1
+ = 2

1
1 + 4

. 7

. 7
1
+
=0V
4
1
=

1
( 01 ) . 8
4 2

. 5 6 . 8

. 3

1
1
1
1
2
{[2 (1 + )
] [1 (1 + )
]}
4

1
2
(1 + ) (2 1 )
4

10 k
2
(1 + ) (1 sen(2 ) V
1 k

+ 0.5 sen(1 ) V)

2
= 10 (1 + ) (1 sen(2 ) + 0.5 sen(1 ) ) V

= +
0 V
+ = = 0 A

0 V
+
=0V

+ :

1 + 2 +
+
= 0 V .

10

= +
. 1:

+
=0V

1
1

( + ) =

 = (

)
+

. 3

1 + 2 +
+
=0V

10
1
2
1
1

= + ( +
)
10
10
101 2
+ =
. 4
11
. 2:

. 3 . 4

101 2
(
)=
+
11
=

( + ) ( )

+1

< 0


1 2 1 2 .

01 = 1 1
02 = 2 2
= (1 2 )

[2.1]

AvT = 1 Av2 Avn

[2.2]

= 1 2

[2.3]

APT =

Po
Pi

= Avt Ait

[2.4]

Z in1 RBB1 || Z inT1

RBB1 RB1 || RB 2
RBB1 20 k || 4 k 3.3 k
VCC VBE
20 V 0.7 V

R
RBB1
I B1 B1
20 k 3.3 k
(1 ) RE
(51)(1 k)
1
1
RBB1
3.3 k

I B1

1mA 0.21 mA
48 A
16.45

Ic1 I B1 50 48A 2.4 mA

re1

VT
26 mV

10.83
I C1 2.4 mA

Z inT1 ( 1)(re )
Z inT1 (51)(10.83 ) 552.3

Zin1 20 k|| 4 k || 552.3 473

Zo RC 2 || RL

Z o 2 k|| 1 k 666

I B1

I in1RBB1
RBB1 Z inT 1

I B1

3.33 k
I in1
3.33 k 0.55 k

I B1 0.87Iin1
I 01

I C1RC1
RC1 RBB 2 ZinT 2

RBB 2 10 k|| 2 k 1.6 k

20 V 0.7 V

10
k

1.6 k 50 A
I B2
51 1 k
1
1.6 k
I E 2 I B 2 50 50 A 2.5 mA
V
26 mV
re 2 T
10.4
I E 2 2.5 mA

ZinT 2 ( 1)(re R'E 2 ) 51(10.4 120 ) 6.6 k

I 01

4 k( IC1 )
0.76 IC1 ; 0.87 I IN 1
4 k 1.6 k || 6.6 k

Ai1

I 01
0.76 0.87 50 33
I IN 1

I B2

I i 2 RBB 2
1.6 k I i 2

0.2 I in 2
RBB 2 Z in 2 1.6 k 6.6 k

I 02

2 k 50 0.2 I in 2
6.66 I in 2
2 k 1 k

Ai 2 6.66
AiT Ai 1 Ai 2 (33)(6.66) 220

RC1 || RBB 2 || Z IN 2 4 k || 1.6 k || 6.6 k

89.95
re1
10.83
R || RL
2 k || 1 k
0.66 k
Av 2 C 2

5.11
re R'E 2 10.4 120 130
Av1

AvT Av1 Av 2 (89.95)(5.11) 459.644

Cunto vale el mximo que puede ingresar sin que se produzca

recortes?

V 'C VCQ I C ( R'L )

V 'C VC I C R'L (2.48 mA)(2 k //1 k)
Vo I C 2 R'L 2.5mA (2 k || 1 k) 1.6 V.

Vin

Vo
1.6 V

3.5 mV
AvT 459.644

I DSS 10 mA
Vp 4 V

RBB 2 RB1 || RB 2 15 k || 4.7 k 3.58 k

IB2

VCC VBE
20 V
0.7 V

RB1 RBB 2

15 k 3.58 k 19.3 A
1 ( 1) RE
1 (201)(1 K)
RBB 2
3.5 k

I E 2 I B 2 200 19.3 A 3.86 mA

re

VT
26 mV

6.84
I E 2 3.8 mA

Zin 2 RBB 2 || ( 1)(re ) 3.58 k || (201)(6.84 ) 943

V
I D I DSS 1 GS
VP

I RS
2
10mA1 D
10mA1 170 I D n
4

I D 10mA 3.4 I D 28900 I D

I D 2.78mA I D 12mA
VGS I S RS 2.78 mA 0.68 k 1.89V

gm0

2 I DSS
2(10 mA)

5 mS
VP
4

V
g m g m 0 1 GS
VP

19 V
(5 mS) 1
2.6 mS
4V

Av1 gm ( RD || Zin 2 ) (2.6 mS)( 2.4 k || 0.943 k 1.76

Av 2

RC
2.2 k

321.64
re
6.84

AvT Av1 Av 2 (1.76)(321.64) 566

V0 1 sen( x) mV 566 0.566 sen( x) V

Zo 2.2 k

Zin1 Zi 3.3 M

Av1

RC1 || 2 RE 2
RE 1

Av 2

RC 2 || RL
RE 2

VCC VBE
12 V
0.7 V

RB1 RBB1
I B1
300 k 150 k 26.6 A
( 1) RE
41 1.2 k
1
1
150 k
RBB1
I E1 I B1 40 26.6 A 1.064 mA
VE1 I E1 RE1 1.064 mA1.2 k 1.27 V

VRC1 RC1 I E1 3 k 1.064 mA 3.19 V

VC1 VCC VRC1 12 V 3.2 V 8.8 V
VB 2 8.8 V
VE 2 VB 2 VBE 8.8 V 0.7 V 8.1V

IE2

VE 2 8.1V

7.33 mA
RE 2 1.1k

VRC 2 RC 2 I E 2 0.8 k 7.33 mA 5.86 V

re 2

VT
26 mV

3.5
I E 2 7.33 mA

VC 2 VCC VRC 2 12 V 5.86 V 6.1V

Z in1 RB1 || RB 2 || ( 1)(re RE1 ) 150 || 41 (24.4 1.2 k 37.6 k

Z in 2 ( 1)(re 2 RE 2 ) 101 (3.5 1.1k 111.45 k

Av1

RC1 || Z in 2
3 k || 11.5 k

2.48
re1 RE1
24.4 1.2 k

Av 2

RC 2 || RL
10 k || 0.8 k

0.67
re2 RE 2
35 1.1k

Ai 1.66

37.6 k
78.04
0.8 k

ApT Av1 Av 2 Ai 129.15

Vi

| | = 120
= 100
= 0.01 sen() V
= 1kHz
= 4.7 k
1.5 k

1 > 2 :
1 = 10

2 = 12

RC 2 RL 4.7 k
R' L RC 2 || RL
R' L 2.35 k

RL
2

RL RC 2
R ' L RL || RC
R ' L RC 2
Ic

altas

RC 2 RL
R' L RC 2 || RL
R ' L RL
Si : RC 2 RL 4.7 k

R' L

RL 4.7 k

2.35 k
2
2

2
4.7 k

120 10 mV = 2.4 V 1.2

=

2.35 k

1.2 = (10% 20%)

.

VRC 2 2.88 V

IC2

VRC 2 2.88 V

0.612 mA I E 2
RC 2 4.7 k

re 2

VT
26 mV

42.48
I E 2 0.612 mA

VE 2 Vin 1V

si : VE 2 2 V

RE 2

2V
3267.97
0.612 mA

Av 2

R' L
re 2 R' E 2

R' E 2

160
R' L
2.35 k
re 2
42.48 153.35
Av 2
12
150

R'E 2 150

RE 2 ' ' RE 2 R' E 2 3267.97 150 3117.97

3.3 k
3.0 k

R''E 2 3 K

RE 2 R' E 2 R' ' E 2 150 3 k 3.15 k

VE 2 I E 2 RE 2 0.612 mA 3.15 k 1.92 V
2 = 2 + + 2 V = (10 mV 10) + (10 mV 120) + 2 V = 3.3 V

VCC VE 2 VCE 2 VRC 2 1.92 V 3.3 V 2.88 V 8.1V

VCC 10 V

I B2

IC2

0.612 mA
6.12 A
100

I 22 10 I B 2 10 6.12 A 61.2 A
I12 10 I B 2 11 6.12 A 67.32 A

RB 22

43 k
VE 2 VBE 1.92 V 0.7 V

42.81k
I 22
61.2 A
39 k

RB 22 39 k

RB 21

110 k
VCC (VE 2 VBE ) 10 V (1.92 V 0.7 V)

109.625 k
I12
67.32 A
100 k

RB 21 110 k
Z inT 2 ( 1)(re 2 R' E 2 ) 101 42.48 150 ) 19.44 k

RBB 2 RB 21 || RB 22 39 k || 110 k 28.791k

Z in 2 Z inT 2 RBB 2 19.44 k || 28.79 k 11.6 k

RC1 Z in 2

12 k
11k

RC1 11k
R'L1 Zin 2 || RC1 11.6K // 11K 5.64K

VRC1

11k
10 mV10 0.195 V
5.64 k

VRC1 3 V

I C1

VRC1
3V

0.27 mA I E1
RC1 11k

re1

VT
26 mV

95.3
I E1 0.27 mA

Asumir : VE1 2 V

RE1

VE1
2V

7.3 k
I E1 0.27 mA

Av1

R' L1
re1 R' E1

R ' E1

470
5.64 k
95.3 468.7
10
430

R'E 1 470

R' 'E1 RE1 R'E1 7.3 k 470 6.83 k

R''E 1 8.2 k

I B1

I C1

0.27 mA
2.7 A
100

I 21 10 I B1 10 2.7 A 27 A
I11 11 I B1 11 0.27 A 29.7 A

RB 21

VE1 VBE 2 V 0.7 V

100 k
I 21
27 A

RB 21 100 k

8.2 k
6.8 k

RB11

270 k
VCC (VE1 VBE ) 10 V 2.7 V

245.8 k
I11
29.7 A
240 k

RB11 270 k
ZinT1 ( 1)(re1 R'E1 ) 101(95.3 470) 57.09 k

RBB1 RB 21 || RB11 100 k || 270 k 72.97 k

Z in RBB1 || Z inT 1 57.09 k || 72.97 k 32.03 k

10
10
0.28 F

2 1 2 1 kHz 5.64
= F
10
10
1

= 2.82 F

2 ( + 1 ) 2 1 kHz (95.3 + 470 )

= . F
10
10
1

= 0.05 F
2 1 2 1 kHz 32.03 k
= F
10
10
2
0.68 F

2 2 2 1 kHz 2.35 k
= F
10
10
2

= 8.27 F

2 ( + 2 ) 2 1 kHz (42.48 + 150 )

= F
10
10
2

= 0.14 F
2 2 2 1 kHz 11.6 k
= F
1

5.64 k
= 9.98
95.3 + 470
2.35 k
|2 | =
= 12.21
42.48 + 150
|1 | =

| | = | | | | = . . = .

Zin 32.03 k 1.50 k

Vi =10 mV
Av = 200
RL = 4.7 k
Zint >100 k

gm = 2.2 mS
IDSS = 4 mA
rd = 40 k
Vp = -4 V

2 2 1 1
1 = 3 =
2 =

1 = 2 =

3
(3 + 2 + 1 )

(2 + 3 )
(3 + 2 + 1 )

1 = 2
[2.5]
[2.6]

2 = 2

[2.7]

1= 2 = 2

[2.8]

1 =

3

(3 + 2 + 1 )
( + 1)

1
1 = (+1)

[2.9]

[2.10]

2
1

[2.11]

[2.12]

2 = 2
2
1
1

[2.13]
[2.14]

 = (

2

)( )
1
2

[2.15]

= 1 = 3 2 1

[2.16]

1 = (1 + 1)(1 )

[2.17]

2 = 2 +

=
=

1 2
(2 + 1)

[2.18]

1 2
(2 + 1)
1

[2.19]

2 +

2
2 + 1
(2 + 1)

= (

2 +

1 2


(2 + 1)
)(
)=

1
1
2
2 + 1
(2 + 1)

[2.20]

[2.21]

= 1 = 3 2 1 1

[2.22]

1 = (1 + 1)(1 )

[2.23]

RB2

.
=

[2.24]

=
=

[2.25]

[2.26]

[2.27]

AvT

[2.28]

Vo max
Vin max

Vo max IC R'L

R'L RC || RL 3.3 k || 3.3 k 1.65 k

IC I E I D I S

V
I D I DSS 1 GS
VP

VG 0
VGS VS I D RS

I 1k
I D 10 mA1 D

4V

I 1K I D 2 1k 2

I D 10 mA1 D

2
16

I D 10 m 5I D 625I D

I D1 2.14 mA
VGS1 I D1RS (2.14 mA)(1k 2.14 V
Se escoge esta respuesta por: | | < | |

I D1 7.45 mA

VGS 2 7.45 V
Vo max 2.14 mA 1.65 k 3.53 V
=
gm

2 I DSS VGS
1
VP
VP

gm

2 10 mA 2.14 V
1
2.32 mS
4V
4V

AvT 2.32 mS 1.65 k 3.83

Vin max

VRC

Vo max 3.53 V

0.92 V
AvT
3.83

+:
R
C Vop
R'L

VCE2 Vop2 Vip 2 VCE min

VCE1 Vop1 Vip1 VCE min
VE1 1V

CS

10
2 f Zin

CE

10
2 f re

CB

10
2 f RBB1

RBB1 RB1 || RB 2

CC

10
2 f R' L

0 = 2.5 sen() V
= 100
= 0.02 sen() V
= 1kHz
2 k
= 2.2 k
Es posible disear con estos datos?:

Zin Zin1 RB3 || RB 2 || ZinT1

RBB RB3 || RB 2

Zin |RBB ZinT1 ZinT 1

Zin ZinT 1 1 1re1 2 k

re1 min

2 k
2 k

19.8
1 101

| AvT || Av1 || Av 2 |

| AvT |

R'L
re 1

re 2 R'L R'L

re1 re 2
re1

re1 |max

R'L |max
| AvT |

2.5 V
=
= 125
20 mV

re1max

RL
2.2 k

17.6
| AvT |
125

re1min re1 re1max

Zin
R
re1 L
1
| AvT |
19.8 re1 17.6

No es posible realizar este diseo con los datos planteados.

Disear un amplificador cascode que cumpla con los siguientes requisitos:
| | = 50

= 120
= 0.01 sen() V
= 1 kHz
= 2.2 k
2 k
Es posible disear con estos datos?

Zin Zin1 RB3 || RB 2 || ZinT 1

RBB 23 RB3 || RB 2

Zin |RBB 23ZinT1 ZinT 1

Zin ZinT 1 1 1 re1 2 k

re1 min

2 k 2 k

16.52
1 121

| AvT || Av1 || Av 2 |

| AvT |
re1max

R'L
re1

re 2 R'L R'L

re1 re 2
re1

re1 |max

RL '|max
| AvT |

RL
2.2 k

44
| AvT |
50

re1min re1 re1max

Zin
R
re1 L
1
| AvT |
16.52 re1 44

Si es posible disear pero con un rango muy bajo.

1 = 30

RL re1 AV 30 50 1500

RC

5.1k
RL R'L 2.2 k 1.5 k

4.77 k
RL R'L 2.2 k 1.5 k
4.7 k

RC 4.7 k
R'L RC || RL 1.5 k

VRC

4.7 k
20mV 50 3.13[V ] 1.2 3.76[V ]
1.5 k

Asumir : VRC 4 V

IC

VRC
4V

0.85 mA I E
RC 4.7 k

re1 re 2

VT
26 mV

30.55
I C 0.85 mA

VE1 1V
= 2

RE

2.4 k
VE
2V

2.35 k
I E 0.85 mA
2.2 k

RE 2.4 k

VCE 2 Vo 2 Vin2 VCE min VCE1 Vo1 Vo2 VCE min

VCE 2 50 20 mV 20 mV 2 V
VCE1 20 mV 20 mV 2 V
VCE 2 2.98 V
VCE1 2.04 V
VCC VRC VCE 2 VCE1 VE
VCC 4 V 2.98 V 2.04 V 2 V 11V
Se estandariza en: VCC 12V

VB1 VE 0.7 V 2.7 V

I B1

IC
0.85 mA

7 A
1
121

I1 12 I B1 84.4 A
I 2 11 I B1 77.36 A
I3 10 I B1 70.33A
RB1

Vcc VB 2
V V
V
RB 2 B 2 B1 RB 3 B1
I1
I2
I3

VB 2 VBE 2 VCE1 VE1

VB 2 0.7 V 2.04 V 2 V
VB 2 4.74 V

RB1

12 V 4.74 V
84.4 A

RB 2

4.74 V 2.7 V
77.36 A

RB 3

2.7 V
70.33 A

RB1 86 k

91k
82 k

RB 2 26.36 k

RB 3 38 k

27 k
24 k

39 k
36 k

Estandarizando:

RB1 82 k
RB 2 27 k
RB 3 39 k
ZinT1 ( 1)(re )12130.55 3.7 k
Zin RB3 || RB 2 || ZinT1 39 k || 27 k || 3.7 k 15.95 k || 3.7 k

Zin 3 k

Av

CS

R'L
1.5 k

49.1
re1
30.55

10
10

0.53F
2 f min Zin 2 1kHz 3 k

C S 1F

CE

10
10

52 F
2 f min re 2 1kHz 30.55

C E 100 F

RBB1 RB1 || RB 2 20.31k

CB

10
2 f min RBB1

10
0.078 F
2 1kHz 20.31k

C B 0.1F

CC

10
10

0.96 F
2 f min R'L 2 1kHz 1.5 k

CC 1F

=
{ 1
2 =
= 1

[2.29]

= 2

[2.30]

1 = 2

[2.31]

= 1 + 2 = 1 1 + 2 2 = 1 1 + 2 1
= 1 1 + 2 (1 + 1 )1

 = [1 + 2 (1+1 )]
=

[2.32]

= [1 + 2 (1 + 1 )]

Si 1 , 2 >>1

Si 1 , 2 >> 1

[2.33]

1 2 + 1
1 2

Si 1 = 2 =
= 2

[2.34]

[2.35]

= ( 1
+ 2
+1)
2

1 =

2 =

2 = (2 + 1)1
2 =

[2.36]

1
=
(2 + 1)1
(2 + 1)

= 2 + 2
= 22

Clculo de DC y reDC .

[2.37]

= 1

[2.38]

1 = 2

[2.39]

= 2 = (1 + 2 )2 = (1 + 2 )1
= (1 + 2 )1 1
= (1 + 2 )1

[2.40]

= 1 (1 + 2 )

[2.41]

Si

1, 2 >> 1 DC 12

Si 1 = 2 =
DC = 2

[2.42]

= 1 + 2
= 1 + 2 2
= 1 + 2 1
= 1 + 2 1 1
= 1 (1 + 2 1 )

= (1 + 2 1 )

[2.43]

Nota: La ltima frmula indica que cualquier impedancia que hay en emisor
de Q1 puede ser transferida a emisor de Q2 dividiendo por (1 + 2 1 ) .
+
2 1

1
= 1+

Si

11

[2.44]

2 1

1 +
2

[2.45]

Si 1 = 2 =
= 2 =

[2.46]

[2.47]

= ( + );

[2.48]

= ||

[2.49]

[2.50]

= 1.4

[2.51]

[2.52]

Si

+
1
10

1 = 2 =

Ai 2 D
=

[2.53]

[2.54]
[2.55]

= ( + );

[2.56]

= ||

[2.57]

0 = 4 sen() V
= 100
= 1 kHz
30 k
= 270

= 1

1 = 2 = = 100

D 10000
ZinTD D reD R'L
Zin RBB || ZinTD RBB

= =

= 135

VE 4V

270
8[V] 1.2 9.6[V]
135

Asumir : VE 10 V
VB VE 2VBE 11.4 V

I ED

VE
10 V

37 mA I CD I E 2
RE 270

(Se necesita un QD que permita esta corriente)

I BD

I CD

RB 2

330 k
VB
11.4 V

308 k
10 I BD 10 3.7 A
300 k

37 mA
3.7 A
10000

RB 2 330K
VCC 2VE 20V

RB1

220 k
VCC VB 20 V 11.4 V

211k
11 I BD
11 3.7 A
200 k

RB1 220K

RBB RB1 || RB 2 132 k

reD

2 VT 2 26 mV

1.4
I ED
37 mA

ZinTD D reD R' L 100001.4 135 1.3 M

Zin 1.3 M || 132 k 120.353 k

R

VBE 2 VE 2
I B2
10

30 k
10 0.7
28.9 k
3.7 A
27 k
10

R 27K

10
10
= 11.79 F

2 2 1 kHz 135

= F

10
10

= 0.013 F
2 2 1 kHz 120.353 k

= F

= = ||

[2.58]

= = 1+
2

= ( + )

[2.59]

[2.60]

1 +
= 1 2 (
+ )
2
= 1 (1 + ) + 1 2

[2.61]

= 1 ||2
= ||

[2.62]

 = 1 ||2
=

||
+

[2.63]

= = ( + 1)( + || )

[2.64]

= = ||

[2.65]

( + || )| =

=
| |
| |

( + || )| =

+1

1.

+1

< ( + || ) < ||

2.

3. = + +
4. 1 = 1
5. 3 =

( )

0.1

10

6. 1 2

7.

10
2

8. 2

10

( + || )

9.

| | = 25
= 70
= 2 sen() V
= 1 kHz
= 1.5 k
2.2 k

10
2

Zin
R'
re RE || RBB L
1
Av
Zin ( 1)(re R' E )

2.2 k
1.5 k
re R' E || RBB
71
25
30.98 re RE || RBB 60

Sea re RE || RBB 45
R'L 25 45 1125

4.7 k
RL R'L 1.5 k 1.125 k

4.5 k
RL R'L 1.5 k 1.125 k
3.9 k

RC

RC 3.9 k
R'L RC || RL 1.083 k

VRC

RC
3.9 k
Vo
2 V 7.2 V 1.1 7.9 V
RL '
1.083 k

Asumir : VRC 8 V

IC

I
2.05mA
VRC
8V
28.89A

2.05 mA I E I B C

70
RC 3.9 k

re

VT
26 mV

12.675
I C 2.05 mA

= + + = 2 V + 80 mV + 2 V

VCE 4.08 V
= 2 V

VE
2V

975
I E 2.05 mA

RE

VB VE VBE 2 V 0.7 V 2.7 V

RB 2

10 k
2.7 V
9.34 k
10 I B
9.1k

RB 2 10 k
VCC VE VCE VRC 2 V 4.08 V 8 V 14.08 V
VCC 15 V

RB1

39 k
VCC VB 15 V 2.7 V
38.7 k
11 I B 11 28.89 A
36 k

RB1 39 k
RBB RB1 || RB 2 7.96 k

Av 25

1.083 k
12.675 R'E || RBB

R'E 30.76

33 k
30 k

R'E 33

R' 'E 975 33 942

1.0 k
910

R' 'E 1 k

R3

3.6 k
0.1 V
0.1 V

3.42 k
IB
28.89 A
3.3 k

R3 3.3 k

Zin ( 1)(re R'E || RBB ) 7112.675 32.86 3.23 k

Av

C1

R' L
1.083 k

23.78
12.675 32.86
re R'E || RBB

10
10

1.99 107 F
2 f min RBB 2 1 kHz 7.96 k

C1 0.22 F

CB

10
10

0.49 F
2 f min Z in 2 1 kHz 3.23 k

C B 1 F

CE

10
10

34.84 F
2 f min (re R'E || RBB ) 2 1 kHz 12.675 33

C E 47 F

CC

10
10

1.46 F
2 f min R'L 2 1 kHz 1083

CC 2.2 F

Q1

Q2
o
o

Vin1 Vi
Vin1 Vin 2 Vi Vo Vo1
Vin 2 0

Vin1 Vi
Vin1 Vin 2 2Vi Vo 2Vo1
Vin 2 0

Vin1 Vi
Vin1 Vin 2 0 Vo 0
Vin 2 Vi
En general:

= +

[2.66]

= 1 2

[2.67]

1 2
2

[2.68]

1 = 2
= 1 = 2 1 = 2 =

[2.69]

= 2

[2.70]

1 = 2 = 0

[2.71]

1 = 2 = 0.7

[2.72]

0.7( )

0.7

1 = 2 =

[2.73]

1 = 2 =

[2.74]

1 = 2 = (0.7)

[2.75]

1 = 2 = =
=

[2.76]

( 0.7)
2

Ganancia en modo diferencial.

[2.77]

1
1 + ||2

1 , 2
=

1 +2

[2.78]

1 = 2
1 2
=
=

[2.79]

1 +

||2
+ ||2
2
2

+ 2 22 2

= 2

[2.80]

+
( + 1)

||

[2.81]

= = (

1
1 2 )

[2.82]
[2.83]

1
=
2

= 2

[2.84]

1 =

( 2 )
2 1

2 = 2 (1 2 )

[2.85]

[2.86]

1 +2
2

[2.87]

=
=

Si Vin1=Vin2 , la salida es igual a cero.

1 +2
2

+
2

= 2 = 2
=

[2.89]

[2.90]

= =

[2.88]

[2.91]

= 2

[2.92]

|| =

[2.93]

|| = =

[2.94]

|CMRR| por ejemplo 100-120 el tpico.

|CMRR| dB=20log|CMRR|

Se asume que Vin1 existe y Vin2 = 0

= 1 + 0 = 1
1 = 1 (

+||( + 2 )

[2.95]

+1

2 = 2 +

2
+1

[2.96]

1
1 = 1 + [( + 1) (1 + || (2 + +1
))]

Si:

Vin1 Vi V0 Amc V in mc Amd V in mc

RC
R
Vi C Vi
V0
Vin 2 0
2 RE
2rE

[2.97]

Vin1 Vi V0 Amc Vin mc

RC
Vi
V0
Vin 2 Vi
2 RE
Vin1 Vi V0 Amd Vin md

RC
Vi
V0
Vin 2 Vi
2
r
E

1
1 = 1 + [( + 1) (1 + || (2 + +1
))]

[2.101]

[2.102]

[2.103]

[2.104]

= = 1 + 2 = 22 = 21

[2.105]

RE .

= 12
= 100
= 0.09 () V
> 65 dB
3.2 k

a) Diseo con los emisores polarizados con una RE .

Q1 Q2 Q
IC IC1 IC 2 I E1 I E 2 I E
I RE 2I E
re re1 re 2

Av d

RC
RC
RC I C

2re 2 VT
2 26mV
IE

Av d

RC I C
52mV

RC IC Avd 52mV 12 52mA 0.624V

VRC RC I C 0.624V

Avd

Vod
Vind

Vod Avd Vind 12 90mV 1.08V

VRC 1.08V

No se puede disear. Se sugiere cambiar la ganancia agregando al circuito

RE1 y RE2 (RE1=RE2) como se muestra en la figura 2.28.

Av d

RC
2re RE1

= . > 1.08
VRC 2V

IC
re

VRC
2V

0.9mA
RC 2.2 K

VT
26mV

28.6
I C 0.9mA

RE1

68K
RC
2.2 K
re
28.6 62.8
2 Avd
2 12
62K

VCE Vo Vin VCE min 1.08V 90mV 2V

RE 1 62

VCE 3.17V
VRE I E RE 2 0.9mA RE

A
CMRR v d
Av mc

CMRR
RE

Av mc

RC
2 RE

12 2 RE
65
RC

6.2 K
65 RC 65 2.2 K

5.9K
12 2
12 2
5.1K

RE 6.2 K

VRE 2 0.9mA 6.2K 11.27V

VCC VRC VCE VEB
VCC 2V 3.17V 0.7V
VCC 4.47V
VEE VRE VRE1 VBE

VEE 11.27V 56.36mV 0.7V

VEE 12V

Se selecciona VEE 12V VCC

Zin 1re RE1 RE || RE1 re

Zin 100 128.6 62 6.2K || 62 28.6

Z in 18.17K

Se asume: Datos del Diodo Zener

= 5.1
= 10

VZ VBEQ 3 VRE
VRE VZ VBEQ 3
VRE 5.1V 0.7V 4.4V
VRZ VEE VZ

VRZ 12V 5.1V 6.9V

RZ

RE

750
VRZ
6.9V

688.76
I RZ 10mA 1.8mA
680
100
RZ 680

2.7 K
VRE
4.4V

2.42K
RE 2.4 K
I RE 1.8mA
2.4 K

= 15
= 100
= 0.1 () V
> 36 dB
3.7 k

Q1 Q2 Q
IC IC1 IC 2 I E1 I E 2 I E
I RE 2I E
re re1 re 2

Av d

RC
RC
RC I C

V
2re 2 t
2 26mV
IE

Av d

RC I C
52mV

RC IC Avd 52mV 15 52mA 0.78V

VRC RC IC 0.78V

Av d

Vod
Vind

Vod Av d Vind 12 90mV 1.08V

VRC 1.5V

No se puede disear. Se sugiere cambiar la ganancia agregando al

circuito RE1 y RE2

RE 1 RE 2

Av d

RC
2re RE1
= . > 1.5

VRC 2V

IC
re

VRC
2V

0.74mA
RC 2.7 K

VRC
26mV

35.1
IC
0.74mA

RE1

56
RC
2.7 K
re
35.1 54.9
2 Avd
2 15
51

RE 1 56

= + + = 1.5 + 100 + 2
VCE 3.6V
VRE I E RE 2 0.74mA RE

CMRRdB 20log10 CMRR

CMRRdB 36dB

log10 CMRR
20
20

CMRR 63.096

Av mc

RC
2 RE

CMRR

Av d
Av mc

CMRR

15 2 RE
63.096
RC

RE

6.2K
63.096 RC 63.096 2.7 K

5.67K
15 2
15 2
5.6 K

RE 6.2 K

VRE 2 0.74mA 6.2K 9.17V

Zin 1re RE1 RE || RE1 re

Zin 100 135.1 56 6.2K || 56 35.1
Z i n 18.26K

VCC VRC VCE VBE

VCC 2V 3.6V 0.7V
VCC 4.9V
VEE VRE VRE1 VBE

VEE 9.17V 56 0.74mA 0.7V

VEE 9.91V

Se selecciona VEE 10V VCC

Aunque no es estndar, para efectos tericos est correcto.

100
rd = 40 k Vp = 4 V,
5 V
32 V

: IDSS = 6 mA,

Av = 100,
Vin = 0.1sen (t) V, Zin 10 k, RL = 2.2 k y la fMIN=20 kHz.

 = 10

2
1

[]

= 1010 (2 )
1

= 2010 (2 )
1

[3.1]

Para la relacin entre potencias.

Para la relacin entre voltajes.

1mW
= 600
=

2
= 775 mV

1mW

GdBm = 10log10 (

P
)
1 mW

= (4)

[3.2]

donde:
R = distancia en metros desde el transmisor al receptor.
= longitud de onda en metros.

() = prdida que sufre la seal en el espacio libre.

480 MHz
12 dB
80dB

50

100 km

8 m
3 10 ( s )
= =
= 0.625 m

480 MHz

( ) =(
) = 10 10 + 10 10 + 10 10


(

) = 10 10 + 10 10 + 20 10 (
)

4

) = + + 20 10 (
)

4

0.625
) = 12 + 80 + 20 10 (
)

4 100

) = 92 126 = 34

10 10 (
) = 34

= 0.398 103

2
2
=
=(
) = 0.398 103
2

= 0.398 103 = 19.9 103

Se considera = 1
= 1 19.9 103 = 19.9

y = frecuencias de corte de 1/2 potencia.

AB = ancho de banda =
2

= |0 | = |
0

( )2
|

[3.3]
[3.4]

( , )

(0.707 )2
=|
|

( )2
= 0.5 |
| = 0.5

, )

= 2

(
) = 20 |
|

[3.5]

 =
=

2
=
1

1
2

2 + ( 1 )

| | =

[3.6]

2
2 +( 1 )

R = XC
| | =

= 0.707

[3.7]

R = XC
1
2

| | = 20log10 ( ) = 3 dB

= 2

Av =

1
2

1
2
1+(fL )
f

mdulo

[3.8]

= 2
1
1

1
2

|tg 1 ( fL)

[3.9]

1
1

[3.10]

fase

| |dB = 20log10

1 + ( )

| |dB = 10log10 [1 + ( ) ]

2
= 20log10 (1 + ( ) )

1
2

[3.11]

2
( ) 1

| |dB = 20log10 [( )]

[3.12]

=1

| | = 20 log(1) = 0 dB

) = 0.5
=2

| | = 20 (2) 6 dB

) = 0.25
=4

| | = 20 (4) 12 dB

) = 0.1
= 10

| | = 20 log(10) 20 dB
) =

CB.

=
1 + 1

2
1
=
1
1 1 +
2

:
=
=

1
2

2
=
1

[3.13]

1 +

1
2
1
=
2

:
2

=
=
1 ( + ) +

1
2 ( + )

[3.14]

RL

=
1 ( + ) +

( + ) =

1
2

1
(
+ )

= 2

| | =

1
2

[3.15]

| | =

=
1

2
1

2
1

= 2

RE

[3.16]

RE RE ,

| | =

| | =

1
+ +

+ =
= 2

1
2
1

( +

| | =

[3.17]

+ +
+ +

+
1 +

| | =

1
=0

| | =

0
| | =

+ +

1
2 ( + )

[3.18]

= 2

[3.19]

( + )

= 2

[3.20]

( + )

= 2

[3.21]

0
2
=
=
1
2
| | =

2 + 2

= | | =

1
2

[3.22]

1
2
1

= 2

[3.23]

| | =

1
1
=
1 + 2 1 +

|1 ( )
2

1+( )

[3.24]

Cbc, Cbe, Cce

Cwi Cwo

Cbc

 = + +
= = (1 )
=
=
= + + (1 )

[3.25]

Rthin = R B1 R B2 ZinT = Zin

[3.26]

1
1

=
=
=
=
1

2

1
2

[3.27]

Fig.3.20 Influencias de las Capacitancias de Salida.

= + +
= = (1
= + + (1
= (1

1
)

1
) |

1
)

[3.28]

 = =

[3.29]

=
=
=
1

=
=

1
2

[3.30]

1+

=
:

1
= =

1 +
= +
1 + = 0

[3.31]

1
2

[3.32]

= ( + 1)
=

1
2

[3.33]
1
1+

| | = 20| |

| | = 20

[3.34]

1 + ( )

f = ancho de banda
fT = frecuencia a la cual hfe = 1 no existe ganancia de corriente, puede
considerase como un lmite de trabajo.
=
= 1

=
1
=
2

[3.35]

1
2

1
2( + 1)

= +


= (1 )

21 1
f1 = frecuencia de corte en baja frecuencia de cada etapa.
m = nmero de etapas.

= 2 21 1
f2 = frecuencia de corte en alta frecuencia de cada etapa.
m = nmero de etapas.

[3.36]

[3.37]

[3.38]

1
1
1
1
= 1,1 2 + 2 + + 2

1 2

RB1

[3.39]

RC

CC
CB
RE
Vin

RB2

RL

6.2 K

RE

CE

= 50, Cbe = 40pF, Cbc = 4pF, Cce = 5pF, Cwi = 6pF y Cwo = 4pF
:
=

1
2

= 1 ||2 || = 1 ||2 ||( + 1) ( + )

 2
12 6.2
=
= 2.24
(6.2
1 + 2
+ 27)

= = 2.24 0.7 = 1.54

=

1.54
=
= 1.93
+ 797

26
=
= 13.47
1.93

= ||
= 27||6.2||(50 + 1)(13.47 + 47) = 1.92
=

||
3.9||3.3
=

= 30
+
13.47 + 47

1
= 17.64
2(4.7)(1.92)

1
1
=
= 4.7
2 ( + ) 2(4.7)(3.3 + 3.9)

1
1
= 263.2
=
2 ( + ) 2(10)(13.47 + 47)

1
1
=
= 19.64
2 ( + ) 2(10)(13.47 + 797)

1
2

=
=

1
2

= +

+ (1 )
+

= 6 + 40

13.47
+ (1 + 30)4 = 138.9
13.47 + 47

1
= 0,6
2(1.92)(138.9)

1
2

=
= + + (1

1
)

1
= 4 + 5 + (1 (
)) 4 = 13.13
30
=

1
= 6,78
2(3.3||3.9)(13.13)

:
=

1
1
=
= 5.37
2 ( + ) 2(50)(13.47)(44)

RC1
RB11

RC2
CC1

CC2

RB12

CB

RE1'
RE2'
RB22
RB21

RL

CE1
RE1'

47uF

Cbe1 = Cbe2 = 50pFCw1 = 4pF

Cbc1 = Cbc2 = 4pFCw2 = 6pF
Cce1 = Cce2 = 5pFCw3 = 8pF
1 = 2 = 100

:
=
1

1
2

= 11 ||21 ||1

Se realiza el anlisis del diseo de la primera etapa:

1 =

20 5
= 4
20 + 5

25
0.7
4
11 1
20
=
=
= 20.67
(100 + 1)(2020)
( + 1)
1+
1+
4

1 1 = 1
1 = 100(20.67) = 2.06

1 =

26
=
= 12.62
1 1.93

= 4||(100 + 1)(12.62 + 220) = 3.42

=

1
= 172.34
2(0.27)(3.42)

1
2 1 (1 + 2 )

Se realiza el anlisis del diseo de la segunda etapa:

2 = 12 || 22 ||2
2 = 2 ||2

2 =

47 10
= 8.25
47 + 10

25
0.7

12 2
47
8.25
=
=
= 33.77
(100 + 1)(1)
( + 1)
1+
1+
8.25
2

2 2 = 2
2 = 100(33.77) = 3.37
2 =

26
=
= 7.72
2 3.37

2 = 8.25||(100 + 1)(7.72 + 1) = 7.63

1
2 1 (1 + 2 )

1
= 4.08
2(2.7)(6.8 + 7.63)

1
2 2 (2 + )

1
= 2.94
2(10)(2.7 + 2.7)

21 ( 1 + 1 )

1
= 14.56
2(47)(12.62 + 220)

1
2 1

= 1
=

1
2 1

1 = 1 + 1
1

1 + 1

+ (1 1 ) 1

1 || 2
1
=
=
1 + 1
1 + 1

6.8||7.63
= 15.48
12.62 + 220
12.62
1 = 4 + 50
+ (1 + 15.48)4 = 72.63
12.62 + 220
1
=
= 0,64
2(3.42)(72.63)
1 =

12 =

1
2 1 12

1 = 1 || 2
12 = 1 + 2
1 = 1 + 1 = 1 + (1

1
)
1 1

 1 = 5 + (1 +

2 = 2 + 1
2 =

1
) 4 = 9.26
15.48

2
+ (1 2 ) 2
2 + 2

2 ||
2
=
2 + 2
2 + 2

2.7||2.7
= 1.34
7.71 + 1
7.72
= 6 + 50
+ (1 + 1.34)4 = 15.62
7.72 + 1

2 =
2

12 = 1 + 2 = 24.88
12 =

1
= 1.78
2(3.59)(24.88)

1
2

= 2 ||
= 3 + 2 + (1

1
1
) 4
) 2 = 8 + 5 + (1 +
2
1.34

= 20
=

1
= 5.9
2(2.7||2.7)(20)

1 =

1
2( + 1) 1 ( 1 )

1 = 1 + 1 = 50 + 4 = 54
1 =

1
= 2.31
2 (100 + 1)(12.62)(54)


2 =

1
2( + 1) 2 ( 2 )

2 = 2 + 2 = 50 + 4 = 54
1 =

1
= 3.78
2(100 + 1)(7.72)(54)

1
1
1
1
1
1
= 1.1
+
+
+
+
(0.64)2 (1.78)2 (5.9)2 (2.31)2 (3.78)2

= 0.5

1
2

1
2 1

1
2

1
2 ( + )

1
2
= 1 + 1 + (1 )1
=

12 =

1
(
212 + )

1
) + 2
1 1

12 = 12 + 1 + (1
1
2
= + 2 + 2
=

= 2

= 2

= +

Cbe1 = Cbe2 = 40pF

CW1 = 5pF

Cbc1 = Cbc2 = 6pF

CW1-2 = 6pF

Cce1 = Cce2 = 5pF

CW2 = 7pF

+Vcc
Vo
Vin

-Vcc
RF
10k
RA
1k

C
0.1uF

Av=-20
= 100
fCE= 150Hz
fCC= 10Hz
fHi= 0.8MHz
fH0= 3MHz
Cbe = 40pF
Cwi= 5pF
Cbc = 6pF
Cw0 = 6pF
Cce = 5pF

Cbe1 = Cbe2 = 00pF

Cbc1 = Cbc2 = 7pF
Cce1 = Cce2 = 6pF

fCB= 74Hz
f = 1.8MHz

CW1 = 6pF
CW1-2 = 10pF
CW2 = 8pF

fC fH

CC, CB CE

hfe

vf

vs
VT .

A = ganancia de voltaje sin realimentacin.

Af = ganancia de voltaje con realimentacin.
B = coeficiente de transferencia (0<B<1).

Vi Vs Vf (Vf y Vs defasado 180o )

Vs Vi Vf
Vo
AV
Vin
Vf
B
Vo

Vo
Vo

Vs Vi Vf
1
1
Af

1
Vi Vf
B

Vo Vo A
A
Af
1 AB

[4.1]

[4.2]

Af

4.3]

donde AB es ganancia de lazo.

Vi Vs Vf (Vf y Vs en fase)
Vs Vi Vf

Vo
Vo

Vs Vi Vf
1
1
Af

Vi Vf
1

B
Vo Vo
A
A
Af
1 AB

[4.4]

Af

[4.5]

Af
A

Ndb 20 log

Ndb 20 log

Af
A
[4.6]

1
1 AB

Af
Af

BA >> 1

A
1 AB

Af max

1
B

ABf > AB
ABf = ancho de banda con realimentacin.

[4.7]

Af
magnitud del cambio relativo en la ganancia con retroalimentacin
Af
A
magnitud del cambio relativo en la ganancia sin retroalimentacin
A
A
1 AB
tenemos :

Af

Af
1 A

Af
1 AB A

[4.8]

() = 303 = 27000
() = 203 = 8000
= 27000 8000 = 19000

Af
Af
Af
Af
0. 1

0.1
max

max

1
A
1 AB min Amin

1
19000
1 8000 B 8000

B 2.84 *10 3

max

A
1 AB
Amax
27000
Af max

347.58
1 ABmax 1 (2.84 *10 3 )(27000)

Af

Af min

Amin
8000

337.27
1 ABmin 1 (2.84 *10 3 )(8000)

Af
0.0305 0.1
Af
Se reduce la variacin de la ganancia con realimentacin negativa (-).

Vf BVo
Zin

Vi
Ii

Vi Vf Vs 0
Vin Vs Vf Vs Vi Vf
Vs Vi BVo Vi ABVi

Vo
Vi

[4.9]

Vs Vi (1 AB ) Zin.Ii(1 AB )
Z inf

Vs
Iin

con rea lim entacin

Vs
Z inf Zin(1 AB ) aumenta la impedancia
Ii

[4.10]

1
Vi
Vi
Vi
Z inf

x Ii
Is Ii If Ii BVo 1
Ii

Vin / Iin
Vo
1 B
Ii
Zin
Z inf
Dis min uye la impedancia
1 AB

Z inf

[4.11]

Vo = voltaje de salida
Io = corriente de salida (Vs=0)
Vo = IoRo + AVi
Rof

Vo
Io

Rof

Vo
Vs 0
Io

Vf Vs Vi 0
Vi Rf
Vo IoRo A(Vf )
Vo IoRo ABVo
Vo (1 AB ) IoRo
Rof

Vo
Ro

Io (1 AB )

Vf Vi
Vf BI
Vo
(Vs 0V )
I
I Io I1

Rof

I I1 Io
Vo
I
AVi
Zo

[4.12]

Vo
AVf
Zo
Vo
I
ABI
Zo

I (1 AB )
Rof

Vo
Zo

Vo
Zo(1 AB )
I

[4.13]

Vo
A

Vs 1 AB
R' L
re R' L
Af
R'
re R' L
1 L
re
Af

[4.14]

Z i n f Z in (1 AB )

R'
Zinf ( 1)re 1 L
re

Zinf ( 1)( re R' L )

[4.15]

R' L
Zo

1 AB
R'
1 L
re

R' *r
L e R' L // re
R' L re

Z of

Z of

I E R' L
R'
Vo

L
Vi I B ( 1)re
re

[4.16]

[4.17]

[4.18]

Vi
re (1 )
Ib

Z in

[4.19]

Zo R' L

Vf
1
Vo

[4.20]

+Vcc

Vi
Vs

Vo

-Vcc
RF
1.8k

Vf

+
-

RA
200

Vo
G 10 5
Vi

Vo
A

Vs 1 AB
A( R A R F )
A
Af

AR A
R A R F AR A
1
R A RF

Af

Af

A( R A R F )
A

AR A
(1 A) R A
1
R A RF

A G 10 5
Af 1

RF
RA

[4.21]

Re

Af

Vo
A

;
Vf 1 AB

Vf 1 RE

*
Vo

RC

Rc
Rc
( 1)re
Af
*
RE ( 1) ( 1)re
1
Rc

 Rc
( 1)re
Rc
Af

R
( 1)(re R E )
re E
re
Af

Rc
re R E

[4.22]

Z i nf Z in (1 AB )

R
Z i nf ( 1)re 1 E
re

Zinf ( 1)(re R E )

[4.23]

Z of Zo(1 AB )

R
Zo f 1 E Rc
re

Vo
Vi
IbRc
Rc
A

;
( 1) Ibre ( 1)re

[4.24]

Z in re (1 )

si 1

Rc
re

[4.25]
[4.26]

Zo Rc

Vf
I R
R ( 1)
E E E
Vo IbRc
Rc

[4.27]

Vo
G
Ii
If
1
B

Vo
RF
A

Af

Vo
A

Is 1 BA

Av f

R
Vo * Is
F
Vl * Is
RA

[4.28]

1
RF
B
[4.29]

Vcc ( I B11 I B 2 ) Rc1 VBE 2 I B1RF VBE1

Vcc ( I B11 I B 2 ) Rc1 RE 2 ( I 1) I B 2 I E1

Avf

[4.30]

1 2 RF Rc1R'L
Rs ( Rc1 RIN 2 )( RF hie1) 1Rc1RE 2

Si Av 1
R
R'
Avf F * L
RE 2 RS

Rinf hie1

[4.31]

RF
1 Avf

Rinf ( 1)re

Rof Rc 2 re ( Avf )

RF
1 Avf

Rf * Avf
1 Avf

[4.32]

[4.33]

RBB1 RB11 // RB12 47k // 3.9k

RBB1 3.6 k
RBB 2 39 K // 3.9 K 3.54 k

RL 2.7 k 2.2 k 1.21k

RLeq 2.7 k 2.2 k 2.7 k 836.6

I B1

15
0.7 V

47 k 3.6 k 3.9 A
101 * 1.1 k
1
3.6 k

I E1 ( B 1) I B 0.39mA
VE (0.39mA)(1.1K ) 0.43V
re1

26mV
66.67
0.39mA

15 V
0.7 V

I B 2 39 k 3.54 k 5.33 A
101*1.2 k
1
3.54 k
26 mV
re2
49.1
0.53 mA

Z in 2 RBB 2 //( B 1)re2 3.6 K // 4.9 K 2.06 k

AV 1

RL1
Rc // Z IN 2 2.2 K // 2.06 K
1

6.38
re1 RE1
re1 RE1
66.6 100

AV 1

RLeq
re 2

Rc1 // RL R f
re 2

2.7k // 2.2k 2.7 k

17.06
49.1

AVt AV 1 AV 2 (6.38)(17.06) 108.67

Z in1 RBB1 //( B 1)(re1 RE1 ) 3.6 K //(101)(66.6 100) 3.6 K // 16.8K
Z in1 2.9 k
Zo Rc 2 // RL 27 K // 2.2 K 1.2 k

Avf

AV
RE
100
;B

0.0357
1 AV B
RE RF 100 2.7 K

108.67
22.27
1 (108.67)(0.0357)
Z in * (1 AB )

Avf
Z inf

Z inTf Z inT * (1 AB )

Z inf R BB Z inT * (1 AB )
Z inf 16.83k * (1 (108.67)(0.0357))
Z inTf 82.12k
Z inf 82.12k 3.6k 3.44k
Zo

R Leq
1 AB

V S Vin Vf
Vin V S Vf
Av f

Vo
Vs

Av
1 AvB
R' E
Vf
B

Vo R' E Rf
Av f

Avf

Vo
2V

25
Vs 80 mV

Av f

AvB 1

Av f 25 1

R
1 R' E1 Rf

1 F
B
R ' E1
R ' E1

RF
R ' E1

Av B 1
1
25 escojo Av 120
B
120 Av1 10 Av 2 12

Av
Av min

Si : R'E1 100
RF 2.4 k

Sea : Rc2 RL
Rc2 2.7 k
R'L Rc2 // RL //( RF R'E1 ) 2.7 K // 3.3K // 2.5K 931.6

VRc 2

Rc2
2.7 K
Vo
* 2 5.79V (1.2) 6.95V
R'L
931.6

VRc 2 8V
8V
2.96 mA
2.7 K
Vce2 Vin Vo Vc E min 80 mV 2 2 4.08V
Ic2

26 mV
8.78
2.96 mA
R'
931.6
Av2
L
106.10 Av1 1.13
sin reali.
re2
8.78

re2

Sea : VE 2 1V VE 2 1.5V

1.5V
506.7 560
2.96 mA
560 * 2.9 mA 1.6V

RE 2
VE 2

VB 2 VE 2 VBe 2 2.3V

Si :
I E I B I C I B BI B
I E ( 1) I B

Entonces :
I
2.96 mA
I B2 C 2
24.7 mA

120
VB
2.3V
RB 21

8.9 k
10 I B 2 (10)(24.7 A)
RB 21 9.1k
Vcc VRC VCE VE 8 2 2 0.2 1.5 13.7V *1.2
VCC 16V
RB 22

Vcc VB
16 2.2

50.8K 50 k
11 I B 2
(11)(24.7 A)

Z in 2 RB 21 // RB 22 //( B 1)(re2 ) 50 K // 9.1K //

(121)(8.78)
933
1062.38

Sea : Rc1 Z in 2 910

R'L1 RC1 // Z in 2 910 // 933 760.6
VRc1

RC1
910
VC1
(80 mV)(1.13) 0.178 0.2 Vmin
RCi
460.6

02
0.2 mA I C1 1mA I B 8.3 A
910
26 mV
re1
26
1mA
I C1

Sea : VE 2 V
2V
2 k
1mA
R'Ei 100 R' 'Ei 1.9 k
REi

VB
2.7

32.4 K RB11 33 k
10 I B 10 1mA
120
16 2.7
RB12
145 K RB12 150 k
11I B

RB11

AV 1

RL1 '
760.6

3.65
re1 REi 26 100

AVT (106.1)(3.65) 387.85

Z IN RBB1 // Z INT

Avf

150 K // 33K //( 1)(re1 REi )

9.7 k
27 K
15246

AVT
387.85

23.48
1 AV B 1 (004)(38785)

Z inf RB11 // RB12 //( AV B) Z INT

Z inf 27 K //

(1 387.85 * 4)(9.76 K )
23.12 k
161.17 K

AvB 1
A A xB B AB A B 1 0 0 2n

n 1,2..

Av
1 AvB
Vf BVo BxAvi
Vf Vi
A
Avf
Vo
1 0
Avf

Si : Rin I 5 I 6
Vf I 6 .Z 2 I 5 .Z 2
I 4 Z 2 I 5 ( Z1 Z 2 )
I3 I5 I 4

Vf
(Z1 Z 2 )
Z2

Z1
Z2

Vf ( K 1)

Vf Vf ( K 1) Vf

( K 2)
Z2
Z2
Z2

I 2 Z 2 I 3 Z1 I 4 Z 2
I2

Vf
( K 2) Z1 Vf ( K 1) Vf ( K 2) K Vf ( K 1)
Z2

I2

Vf
( K 2 3K 1)
Z2

I1 I 2 I 3
I1

Vf
Vf
( K 2 3K 1)
( K 2)
Z2
Z2

Vf
Vf
( K 2 3K 1 K 2)
( K 2 4 K 3)
Z2
Z2

[4.34]

Vo I1Z1 I 2 Z 2

Vo KVf ( K 2 4 K 3) Vf ( K 2 4 K 3) Vf ( K 2 3K 1)
Vo Vf ( K 3 5K 2 6 K 1)
Vf
1
B
3
Vo K 5K 2 6 K 1

[4.35]

B 1800

1
jC
z2 R

z1

z1
1
1

j
jM K
z2
jCR
CR

1
Desplazamiento
(1 5M ) j ( M 3 6M )
2

( M 3 6M ) 0
M2 60M 6

Solucion M 6
1
o
RC 6
1
B
29
PARA QUE OSCILE
A.B 1
A 29

1
j C
z1 R
z2

de 1800

6
RC
A 29

Vp 5v
FET :
rd 40 k
A 29
fosc 1 kHz
1
2fosc 6 R
R 10 K

1
6.5nF
2 6 .1K .10 K
A R'L gm

A 40
R'L

40
8K
5ms

RD 10 k

I R

I D I DSS 1 D S
Vp

2I
V
gm DSS 1 GS
Vp
Vp

2 I DSS

VGS Vp 1
gm Vp

[4.36]

R = R3 + Rin

R3
RC
Vi

hie

hfe * Ib
hie

Vo

Vo I 1 ( R E Z 1 ) I 2 Z 2 ( I 2 I 3 )( RC Z 1 ) I 2 Z 2
Vo I 2 ( RC Z 1 Z 2 ) I 3( RC Z 1 )
K

Vo

Z1
Z2

Vf
Vf
( K 2 3K 1)(Z 1 Z 2 RC )
( K 2)(Z 1 RC )
Z2
Z2

R
R
R
Vo 3
K 5K 6 K 1 C K 4 K C 3 C
Vf
Z2
Z2
Z2
1
K jM M
RWC
R
R
R
Vo

5M 1 C M 2 3 C j M 3 6M 4 M C
Vf
R
R
R

M 3 6M 4M

RC
0
R

M 0
M 64
fo

RC
R
1

R
2RC 6 4 C
R

[4.37]

donde : R R3 hie
R
R
R
R
Vo

5 6 4 C 1 C 6 4 C 3 C
Vf
R
R
R
R

30 20

RC
R
R
R
R
R
1 6 C 4 C2 3 C 29 23 C 4 C2
R
R
R
R
R
R
2

R
R
Vo
A
29 23 C 4 C2
Vf
R
R
Vi
hie

Vf
hie R3
hie R3
Vf

Vi
hie

Para que no entre el Vf hay que reajustar.

2
RC
RC hie R3
Vo Vf Vo
* *
29 23
4 2

Vf Vi Vi
R
R hie
donde : R hie R3
2

RC
R
4 C2
R
R
Si : R RC

hfe 23 29

VO
hie R3
A 56

Vi
hie
R R3 hie

Vo
R VdRC
io
56
*
56 56hfe 56
Vi
hie iVihie
ii
Consideramos :
3.3nF C 15nF
0 Vcc 20

Vco 4V
Ico 1mA
1 VE 2V

fo = 3 kHz, = 80, hfe 56.

fo

2RC 6 4

RC
R

R R3 hie

1
2RC 10
escgese : C 4.7nF
Si : R RC fo

1
1

2foc 10 2 3K 4.7nF 10

R 3569.4 RC
RC 3.6 K
Asmese : VE 1.5V
Ico 2.2mA
re

26
11.8
2.2

1.5V
750
2mA
RE 680
RE

I E 2.2mA
VRC (3600)(2.23mA) 7.12V
Vcc VRC VCE min VE 12V

R B1

Z IN

VB

10 I b

2.2V
8 K 8.2 K
2.2mA
10

80
12 2.2

32.39 K 3.3K
2.2
11

80
R BB //( 1)re 3.3K // 8.2 K // 0.9558K 680

RB 2

+Vcc
C1

R1

Vo
C2

R2
-Vcc
R3
R4

fo

1
2 R1C1 R2 C 2

Tenemos :
R3 R1 C1

R4 R2 C 2

 R R2 R
particular : 1
C1 C2 C
1
fo
2RC
En

R3
2
R4

R3
2
R4
R3
3
R4
R3 3R4
asmese : R4 100 K
R3 330 K
asmese C 10 nF
R

1
5.1k
2 10 xw 9 3K

+Vcc
R1

C1

5.3k

10nF

Vo
C2
10nF

R2
5.3k

-Vcc
R3
330k
R4
100k

o
o

o
o

RF

+Vcc
RA
Vo
R

-Vcc

Vi
C

0 0
+
=0

0 + = 0

=
+

V V

+ 0 +
+
=0
1

1
= + ( + )

1
+ =
1
+

(
)

+ =
1 +
0

=
+ 1 +
0
+
1
=(
)(
)

1 +
() = ()
()

1
= (1 + ) (
)

1 +

1
=
2

[5.1]

[5.2]

[5.3]

[5.4]
[5.5]

s = 0.

() = 1 +

[5.6]

1 khz

Wp 2fp 6283

1
RC

Sea C = 0.01F

108
R
15.9 K
6283
= 16

R RA RF 16 k
T (0) 1

RF
10
RA

RA RF
RA RF

RF 9 RA

RF 162 k RF 160 k
RA 17.8 k

RF
160k
+Vcc
RA
Vo

17.8k
R

-Vcc

Vi
16k
C
0.01uF

R2

+Vcc
R1
Vi

Vo
-Vcc
R1||R2

T ( s)

R2
1
R1 R2 sC 1

T (0)

R2
R1

fp

1
2R2C

[5.7]
[5.8]

RF

+Vcc
RA
Vo
C

-Vcc

Vi
R

V+
+ 0 +
+
=0
1

V0 0
+
=0

V V
() =

=
(1 + )
+ 1

() = (1 +

)
1 +

[5.9]

[5.10]

( ) = 1 +
:

10
.

2f

Sea :

1
6283
RC

C 0.01F

R 15.9 k
= 16 k

T ( s ) 1

RF
10
RA

RA || RF R 16 k
RA 160 k RF
RF 17.7 k RA

+ = = 0
1 + 2 = 3

1 kHz.

 0 +
+
+
=0
1
1
2
1

+
+ 1 ( )
=0
1
2
(1)

2 2 + 1 2 1 ( ) 1 + 1 + = 0

3 + 4 = +
+ 0 +
+
=0
1
2
2
(2) = 0 (1 + 2 2 )

De (1) y (2) se obtiene:

1
= () =

1 + 2 2 + 2 1 + 2 1 2 1 2
() =

0 2
2 + 20 + 0 2
1
1 2 1 2
=
2 (2 + 1 )
1
2 +
+

1 2 1 2
1 2 1 2

1
1 2 1 2
() =
+
1
2 + 1 2 +
1 1 2
1 2 1 2
0 2 =

1
1 2 1 2

20 =

1 + 2
1 1 2

[5.11]

[5.12]

=
1 = 2 =

1 2

[5.13]

0 =
0 =

1
1 2 1 2
1
1 2

20 =

(1 + 2 ) 1 2
21 2

(1 + 2 )2
=
41 2

[5.14]

1
=
2

[5.15]

0 =

1
1 2

[5.17]

20 4 2 0 40 2
2

[5.18]

= 0 1 = +
=

A=
B=

[5.16]

0 2
2 + 20 + 0 2

() =

1 + 2
;
1 1 2

s=A+jB
= (1 + 2 )

s = E = frecuencia de paso
Cuando 1
2 1
=

2 1 0

2 2
() = 2

2
+
+ 2 2
2
2
2
1
() = 2

2
2
+ 2 +
1 + 2

2 1

+ = =
1 + 2 = 3
+
+
+
=0
1
1
1
1
2
3 + 4 = +

 + 0 +
+
1
2
2

() =
() =

1
1 + 2 1 2 1 2 + (1 + 2 )2

(1)

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1 + ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) + ( + ) ( )
1
2
1
2
1
2
2

() =

2
1
1
1
2 + ( + ) +
2 1
2 2
1 2 1 2

() =

2
2 + 2 + 0 2

2 =

1
1 2 1 2

2 =

[5.19]
[5.20]

[5.21]

1
1
2 + 1
+
=
2 1 2 2 2 1 2

20 4 2 0 40 2
= 2 1
2

[5.22]

= 0.707

C 1= C 2 = C
1 2
=

1 2
= ( ) + 0.52 = 0.5 + 0.25 = 0.75
2
2
1
=
1 2
2
2
2 =
=
2
2
2
=

2 1 2
1
=
22
2

[5.23]

[5.24]

1 =

3 2

() =

3 1 ()
1
2

V 0 V

I1 I 2 I 3 I 4
Vin V1 0 V1 Vo V1 V1 V

R1
R2
1 / sC1
1 / sC2

[5.25]
[5.26]

 1
1 Vin

V1
C1 s C 2 s
C1 sVo
R
R
R1
2
1

V1 Vo / R3C2 s

Vo
R3 sC2

1
Vin
1 Vin
C1s C2 s

C1sVo
R2 R1
R1 C1sVo
R1

Vo[ R2 R1 R2C1s R1 R2C2 s R1 C1S ( R1 R2 R3C2 s)] R1 R2C2Vin s

1
s

R1C1

T (s)
1 C C2 R1 R2 1
s

s 2 1
R3 C1C2 R1 R2 C1C2 R3

T ( s)
s
2

O2

( R1 R2 )
o Frecuencia
( R1 R2 C1C 2 R3 )

As
s

de

1 + 2
=
=

3 1 2

[5.27]
2
O

resonancia.

[5.28]
[5.29]

= 2

A = ganancia mxima

Amx 1

1
=
=

1 1

fr

fL fH

fH fL B

[5.30]
[5.31]
[5.32]

Sea B = Ancho de banda.

AB

fo 1

Q Q

[5.33]

Banda

B
Angosta

Q B
Banda

o
fo

AB (3dB)

R1 = R2 = R3 = R

[5.34]

C 1 = C2 = C

o
Q

Ancha

2 R1
1
2
2
RC
R1 R1C
2

o RC 2
2C

2 RC 2
2

RC 2 C
2

1Q
1RC 2 1

RCo RC 2C 2
Q 0.5
Q 0.5

[5.35]

[5.36]

[5.37]

AB = 400 Hz con fo = 1.5 kHz.

Filtro pasa banda de segundo orden A 1

(1) Sea

C1 0.1F

A partir de la siguiente ecuacin despejamos el valor de R1:

Q
=

1
R1C1

1.5K
= 3.75
400

2 1.5K
1

3.75
R1 0.110 6
1

2 1.5K
6
R1
0.1 10
3.75

R1 3.978 k
R1 3.9 k
(2) Sea

C1 C2 0.1F

A partir de la siguiente ecuacin despejamos el valor de R3:

o
Q

C1 C 2
R3C1C 2

2 1.5K
0.2 10 6

3.75
R3 (0.110 6 ) 2
Utilizar un potencimetro de 10 [K] ya que no es un valor cercano al
estandar.

R3 7.95 k

(3) De la ecuacin que se presenta a continuacin despejamos el valor

de R2:

O2

( R1 R2 )
( R1 R2 C1C 2 R3 )

R2

R1
R1C1C2 R3 1
2
O

O2 R1C1C2 R3 1
(2 1.5K ) 2 (3.9 K )(0.1 10 6 )(7.95K ) 1
27.5 1
R2 147

1
sC3

1
sC3
FT ( s)

1
R3 sC3
R3
sC3
sC3

FT ( s)

1
1 R3 sC3

[5.38]

Entonces: Wc

Se considera R1 = R2 = R3 = R

1
RC 3

1
1
C1C2 R 2
C1C2 R 2
FT ( s)

2R
1
2
1
s2
s

s2 s
2
2
C1
C1 R
C1C2 R
C1C2 R 2

o 2
FT ( s) 2
2
s 2Wos o
CA

[5.39]

1
1
R C1C2

[5.40]

Para que CA = CB tengan la misma frecuencia.

C1C2 = C32 (1)
De aqu obtenemos lo siguiente:

CA

1
1
1

R 2C3 C 3 RC3

[5.41]

CA CB
Si

En 1

[5.42]

FT
y

| FT | 1/ 1 1

1
(1 ) j 2
2

0.5

tenemos

FT dB 0 dB

[5.43]

C3
C2
1

C1
2 * 2C3 2

C2
(0.5) 2
C1

C2

C1C2 C3

C1 2C3
2 =

0.5

3
2

[5.44]

C2 0.25C1

(2)

1
C1
4

reeplazando (3) en (1)

(3)

C1

1
2
C1 C3
4

[5.45]
[5.46]

1 kHz

C1 2C3
2C3C2 C32

C2

[F ]

Se asume C3 0.22

[F ]

C1 0.47

[F ]

C2 0.1
o

C3
2

1
2 (1000)
RC3

R 723.44
R 1.5

[]

[k ]

R es un potencimetro de 1.5 [k] ya que no es un valor cercano a los

estndar.

12
1.5 kHz
20
1kHz
1.5 kHz
10 dB
500 Hz
2 kHz.
2 kHz.

 = +
VBE
VBE
VBE

VBE

0 =
= 0
= = (1 + )

= + =
1

Iz
< <

IL

IL

1 = ( 0 )( ) = ( 0 )( ) [][6.5]
>
= (1 )[1 ][6.6]

=
=
2 2
2 . . : 0

=
=
=
=
=
0 =

2 = 1

2 = 0+

0 =

[6.7]

2 ( + )

[6.8]

2 = 2 + [6.9]
0 = (2 + )

( + )

1 = 0 + 1 = 2

1 +1

[6.10]
[6.11]

1 = +1 =

[6.12]

= 1 + 2

[6.13]

[6.14]

( )
2
2

2 =
=

0 0

[6.15]

= 2 +

1 = + +

100%

[6.16]
[6.17]

[6.18]

[6.19]

= 1+

[6.20]

[6.21]

= 1+ De un sistema realimentado como nuestro caso

[6.22]
1
=

[6.23]

+ 2

= 0
2 =

[6.24]
[6.25]

= +1
(. . )

[6.26]

= =
|1 =

= +1

[6.27]

= =

||1
2 + ||

= 2

[6.28]

1 = ( + 1)(1 + )

[6.29]

2 = ( + 1)(2 + )

[6.30]

= [( + ) 2 ]

[6.31]

Si: ( + ) 2

B 1 1

A2

Z inT1mx

A2

Rc || Z inTD
re 2 rZ || RZ

Darlington

A2

mx

Rc
Rc

re 2 rZ || RZ re 2 rZ

2 +

= =

[6.32]

Rc .

[6.33]

Rc

Rint erno infinito

X C1 Z inTD
X C 2 Rb || Z inT 2

VB3 cte

VBE cte

VRE cte

 I E I C cte
Z inTD
A2
;Z
( 1)(reD RL )
re 2 rZ 1 inTD
A2
Q2

C1:
XC1<< Z inTD

B 1

C2:

El VO VS Vi VS V f
X C 2 << Rb || Z inT 3

G 1

5V Vo
Vo 5

Rb
R a Rb

R a Rb
Rb

V Vo 7.5V
1
V2 Vo 15V

1)Vo 10V
2)Vo 15V
Rb Ra P
Vomax Vb

Rb

[6.34]

Rb Ra
Vomin Vb

Rb

[6.35]

VoRb
Ra Rb P

5 Vo

Rb
Ra Rb P

[6.36]

= 1 2

[6.37]

2 =

3 2
= 4 3
3

[6.38]

 = + 3

[6.39]

I2 I3
I 1 I Lmx
R

Vin (VO nVBE )

I

n # de junturas.

VZ VO

VCE 3 para los transistores Darlington.

VIN min VO 2VBE VR

VIN min VO VCEQ1

I IB2 IC3

[6.42]

RE

Vz 2 VBE
I

[6.43]

I 5 I B 4

Iz2 I 5
R5

I IN nomin al Vz 2
I5

[6.44]

= + 2 + 4 +
4 = 2
= + 2 + 2 +

[6.45]

= + 0.1

[6.46]

VAB = (0.7)(3) = 2.1 V.

VRS = 0.7
RS

RS

0.7
I L mx

RS

sera la resistenci a de salida del regulador.

[6.47]

por ,

RS

VZ V1 VZ 1.4

I L mx
I L mx

[6.48]

Q5.

VBE

= 1.2 V

RS

0.7 a 0.8
I L mx

[6.49]

VRS 0.8V I L1 RS
VRS 0.8V VP I L 2 RS

[6.50]

Despejando
RS

0.8
I Lmx

[6.51]

IP

I Lmx RS
PR

[6.52]

VR

I Lmn RS
* R 0.8V
PR

I Lmn RS
IP

[6.53]
[6.54]

I P I Lmn
PR
I Lmx I Lmn

R
=

[6.55]
[6.56]

I I B2 I C3
I B2

I C max
D

[6.57]
[6.58]

I C 3 I B 2

I Z I C 3
VB3 VZ VBE 3

[6.59]

I 2 I B3
I 2 I1

I1 I L max
I1

I L max
100

[6.60]

Vin (VO nVBE )

I

[6.61]

n # junturas
VZ VO

VCEQD 3 o 4V

[6.62]

Vin min VO 2VBE VR

Vin min VO VCEQD

[6.63]

I I B2 I C3

[6.64]

Vin min VO 2VBE VCE 4 VRE

[6.65]
RE

VZ 2 VBE
I

[6.66]

I 5 I B 4
I5 I Z
R5

VO 5 10V
I L max 2 A
FR 50

Vin nomin al VZ 2
I5

[6.67]

RZ 5
I ZT 20mA
B pot 20
Bseal 50

Vin min VO max VCEQ1

Vin min 10 (3 a 4) 13V o 14V
BD 20 * 50 1000
VB 2 VO 2(0.6) 11.2V

VR 14 11.2 2.8V 3V
I B2

I L max
2

2mA
BD
1000

I C 3 I B 2 20mA

I 20 2 22mA
3V
136.36
22mA
R
136
FR n
n
RZ re3
5 1.1

FR n * 22 50

SI

n 1

esto no se cumple.

I C 3 1mA

I B2

I L max
2mA
BD

I Z 20mA
I Z I 4 IC3
I 4 20 1 19mA
I C 3 1mA

20A
B
50
Por criterio : I Z I B 3

I B3

I1 I L max

I 2 I C 3 1mA
VZ VO min 5V
VZ 3.9V
VB 3 3.9 0.7 4.6V
R2

4.6V
4.6 K ; Las resistencias disponibles son de 4.7 K y 3.9
1mA

Escojo : R2 4.7 K
VB

VO R2
R1 R2

VO min VB

( R1 R2 )
5V
R2

VB

VO R2
R1 R2 P

VO max VB

( R1 R2 P)
10V
R2

(5)(4.7 K)
4.7 K
4.6
R1 408.69

(10)(4.7 K)
390 4.7 K
4.6
P 5127.39 5K

R1

R1 : 470

y 390

P 10217 470 4.7K 5047

P 5K, R1 470, R2 4.7 K.

RS

0.6V 0.6V

0.3
I L max
2A

Vin min 14V (VCE 4V )

Vin nom 1.2Vin min 16.8V
Vin max Vin nom 2.8V 19.6V

I I B 2 I C 3 2 1 3mA
Vin min (VO max nVBE )
I
14 (10 (2)(0.6))
R
933
3mA

R = 910 .

= 19.6 V

=5.0 V

VR 19.6V (5 2(0.6)) 13.4V

13.4V
14.7mA
910
I BD 2mA

I Z I3 I 4

I C 3 I I BD 12.7mA

Como : VO 5V

y Vi 5.6V

R4

R4

VO VZ
I4

R4

(10 3.9)V
835 820
7.3mA

I 4 I Z I C 3 20mA 12.7mA 7.3mA

FR nA2
n

R2 || Z int 3
R1 R2 || Z int 3

Z int 3 ( 1)(re3 rZ )
RL

A2

R || Z int D
RZ re3

Z int D ( D 1)(reD R' L )

VO max 10

5
I L max
2

RL ' RL
VO 5V
A2

VO max 10V

910 || (1000)(2.5)
104.24
5 1.4

I E3 I Z I4
I E 3 20
re3

5 3.9
18.6mA
820

26
1.4
18.6

A2

910 || (1000)(5)
108.89
5 2.07

I E3 I Z I4
I E 3 20
re3

10 3.9
12.56mA
820

26
2.07
12.56

R2 || Z int 3
R1 R2 || Z int 3

4.7 K || (51)(1.4 5)
470 4.7 K || 0.32 K

0.3K
0.39
470 0.3

n
n
n

R2 || Z int 3
R1 P R2 || Z int 3

4.7 K || 0.32 K
470 5K 4.7 K || 0.32 K
0.3K
0.052
470 5K 0.3K

FR 104.24 * 0.39 40.65

FR 108.89 * 0.052 5.66
Es conveniente utilizar una fuente de corriente.

VO 20V
I L max 2 A
FR 50

P 20
S 50
RL

VO
I L max

20V
10
2A

D 20 * 50 1000
Z in D * RL 1000 *10 10000
TD

Pto.R
VO 20V

PtoS
VS VO 2VBE 21 .4V
VCEQ1 4V

Pto.P
VP 24V
VR 3 VP VS 24 21.4 2.6
I L max
2

2mA
D 1000
I BQD I C 3 22mA

I BQD max
I R3

I C 3 I BQD
I C 3 20mA
2.6V
118
22mA
FR nA2

R3

A2

R3 || Z inTD
re3 rZ

118 || 10 K
24
5

IC 3 20mA I E 3

I B3

IE3.
I
20mA
C3
0.4mA
3
50

RZ

I 2 I B 3
I 2 10I B 3 4mA
I1 I B 3 I 2 4.4mA

I 1 I L max
I1

IL
2

20mA
100 100

4.4mA I1 20mA

I 1 10mA(estabilida d )
I 2 I1 I B3
I 2 10mA 0.4mA 9.6mA
n

R2 || Z inT 3
1
R1 R2 || Z inT 3

R1

I1 = 10mA

VR VO VRS 20 0.7 20.7V

VR1

VS 20V V junturas 21.4V

VZ 15V

VO

VCEQ 3
VB 3 VZ VB 3 15.7V

VZ < V O

R2

VB 3 15.7V

1.6 K
I2
9.6mA

R1

20 15.7
430
10mA
RE

Q4

VW VS VCE 4 3V 21.4V 24.4V

Vin min VW VRE
VRE VZ 2 VBE 4 3 0.7 2.3V

I C 4 I BD I C 3
I C 4 22mA
RE

2.3V
104.5
22mA

RE 100

R5

(Estandarizado)

Vin ( N ) VZ
;Vin ( N ) Vno min al
I Z I B4

R5 2.59 K
RS

0.7V
0.35
2A

n 0.38
26mV

Z inTQ 3 ( 1)
RZ
20mA

Z inTQ 3 51 * 6.3 321.3

A2

Z inTD ||R3
;( R3 )
rZ re3

10 K
1.58 K
5 1.3
FR nA2 0.38 * 1.58K 603.17
A2

X C1 Z inTD
X C1 ( R E RZ )
X C1 R BEQ
R BEQ R2 || Z inT 3

VO = 10 V
ILmax = 0.5 2A
FR > = 50

VO = 5-10 V
ILmax = 2A
FR> = 50
RZ =5
BP = 20
BT = 50

Po (ca )
* 100
Pu (dc)

Vcc I C RC VCE

Pi dc VccI CQ

[7.1]

[7.2]

Poca Vce (rms) Ic(rms)

[7.3]

Poca Ic (rms) RC
2

Poca

[7.4]

Vce (rms)
RC

[7.5]

Poca

VceP * IcP
2
2
Ic
Poca P RC
2
2
VceP 1
Poca
2 RC

[7.6]
[7.7]
[7.8]

Vce P P * IcP P IcP P

Vce P P 1
Poac

* RC
8
8
8
RC

Poac
* 100
Pi dc

[7.9]

[7.10]

Vce P
Ic P

MAX

MAX

Vcc
2

[7.11]

Vcc
2 RC

[7.12]

Poca MAX

Vce P * IcP Vcc Vcc

*
2
2 2 RC
Podc VccI CQ

1 Vcc 2

2 8RC

[7.13]

Vcc *Vcc Vcc 2

2 RC
2 RC

Vcc 2
8RC
1
%
*100 *100 25% (Ideal)
2
4
Vcc
2 RC
I CQ I C MIN

[7.14]

Vcc

VC MIN

2
*100 25% (Real)
%
2VccI CQ

VP V1 I 1

V S V2 I 2

RL ' n 2 RL
RC 0
RL n2RL

[7.15]

Pi dc VccI CQ

Pi dc Po(ca) PDISIPADA TRANSISTOR

PDTBJ Pi (dc) Po(ca)
Poca

Vce P * IcP
2

Poca MAX

% MAX

Ic P

MAX

Vc P

MAX

VccI CQ
2VccI CQ

[7.16]
[7.17]

Vcc * IcQ
2

I CQ

Vcc

*100

1
*100 5%
2

60
VBE 0.7V

Vop
Po ca

2 RL ;
Vop 1* 2 * 8 4V

Poej

Po (ca )

1W
1.1W
0.9

Vcc VE VCEsat Vop

Vop Vcc VE VCEsat

1 VE 1.2V Mnimo para no disipar la potencia en vano.

Asumo: VE=2V

Vop 20V 2V 0.8V 18.2V

Poef

Vc P * Ic P
1.1mW * 2 1.1mW * 2
1.1mW Ic P

123mA
2
Vc P
18

I CQ 125mA IcMIN I CQ IcP 2mA

RL '

Vop
18V

146.34
Ic P 123mA

RL ' n 2 * RL n

IE

1 I

RE

CQ

RL '
146.34

4.27
RL
8

127mA VE=1.2V

1.2V
9.4 RE 10
127mA

VB 0.7V 1.2V 1.9V

I BQ

I CQ

RB 2

VB
1.9V

91.34 2 = 91
10 I BQ 10 * 2.08mA

125mA
2.08mA
60

RB 2

Vcc VB 20V 1.9V

791 2 = 820
11I BQ
11 * 2.08mA

Po

I CQ2 I CQ1

Vc P * Ic P

Vc P

Vc P
2
RL
1 Vc P

2
2 RL '

Ic
1

Ic P sent dt P

2 0

2 Vc P
2 Vcc 2
Pdc
* Vcc
* Vcc

RL '
RL '
2 IcP

[7.18]

[7.19]

[7.20]

VcP = Vcc______________________________

Po
PDC

1 Vc P
2
2 RL '
Vc P

4 Vcc 2
2 Vcc 2
RL '

IDEAL

0.785ideal 78.5%

Vcc Vc MIN

0.785
4
Vcc

Pd (Potencia disipada por dada TBJ)

Pd

Ic Vcc 1
1
1
PDC Po P
Ic PVc P
2
2

Vc P IcP RL '
78.5%
IcP= 0 (

IcP.

Pd Vcc Ic P RL '

0
Ic P

2
Ic P

Pd MAX

2Vcc
Pd MAX
RL '

2Vcc 2 4Vcc 2 RL '

Vcc 2
2 Po
2
2
2
2 0.2 Po MAX
2
RL ' 4RL '
RL '

Po MAX 5Pd MAX

[7.21]

Vcc 2
RL ' 2
Pd MAX
Para diseo

[7.22]

Q1, Q2
P1 potencimetro
P1 Ib Vo
P1 Ib Vo
D1 D5
RE1, RE2:
RE, RE2

Vop 2PoRL

R2 ZinT

2 Po
Iop
RL
RL
R1
5 a 10 veces

ZinT 1re R1 RL
RC Zin D

ZinD D reD R1 RL
nVd
P1 '
RC

P1 2P1 '
V
I C 3 RC
RC
Vcc VB 3
R3 P2 '
I3

VB3 VE VBE
R3 P2 '

P2 2P2 '

[7.23]
[7.24]
[7.25]

[7.26]
[7.27]
[7.28]

[7.29]

[7.30]

[7.31]
[7.32]

Vop Q3 Vop VR1

VE 1V Vinp
VRC

RC
Vop Q 3
RC || Zin D
V
I C 3 RC
RC

[7.33]

I B2

I C3

R4

VB 3
I4

3
I 3 11I B3
I 4 10I B3

Av

Vop Q 3
Vinp

RC
re RE1

[7.34]
[7.35]

Solucin:

Vop 2PoRL (2)(1)(5.6) 3.34V

Io
R1

2 Po
2 *1

1.59 A
RL
5.6
RL
R
L 0.68
5 a 10 veces 8

ZinT 1re R1 RL 810.68 5.6 512

R2 ZinT
R2 5.1K
ZinD D reD R1 RL 64000.68 5.6 40.2K
RC Zin D
RC 3.9K
Vop Q3 Vop VR1 3.34V 0.68 * .6 3.7V

VRC

RC
Vop Q 3
RC || Zin D

VRC

3.9 K
3.7V
3.9 K || 40.2 K

VRC 5V
VRC
RC

I C3
P1 '

IC3

5V
1.28mA
3.9 K

nVd 40.7V

2.2 K
RC
1.28mA

P1 2P1 '
P1 22.2K 4.4K
Vcc VE 3 VCE3 nVd VRC
Vcc 1.4V 2 3.3 0.4 4 * 0.7 5 15.3V
Vcc 18V

VB3 VE VBE 3 1.4V 0.7V 2.1V

I B3

IC3

I B3

1.28mA
16uA
80

I 3 11I B3
2 R3

Vcc VB 3 18 2.1V

93.5K
I3
11 *16uA

R3 47 K

R3 P2 '

P2 ' 47 K
P2 2P2 '
P2 2 * 47 K 94K P2=100K

R4

2.1V
13.1K R4 12K
10 *16uA

R E1

3.9 K
421.6
9.25
RE1 390

RE

VE
2.1V

1.6 K
I E 1.28mA

RE 2 1.6K 390 RE 2 1.2K

CB

10
2 * f * Zin

Zin R4 || R3 R2 || 3 1re3 RE1

C2

10
2 * f * P1

CE

10
2 * f * re RE1

CC

10
2 * f * RL