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Understanding OLAP Processor

and RSRT

Applies to:
SAP R/3, SAP ECC 6.0 and SAP BI NetWeaver 2004s. For more information, visit the EDW homepage.

Summary
This article gives the idea about Architecture of OLAP Processor (OLAP Engine) and different features
available in RSRT to analysis queries in different scenarios.
Author:

Vipin A

Company: Cognizant
Created on: 4 August 2011

Author Bio
Vipin is currently working with Cognizant as BW Senior Consultant. He has more than 4 years of experience
in BW and 2 years of experience in ABAP

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Understanding OLAP Processor and RSRT

Table of Contents
Introduction ......................................................................................................................................................... 3
How it is Beneficial to BW Consultant? .............................................................................................................. 3
OLAP Processor Architecture ............................................................................................................................. 3
RSRT Details ...................................................................................................................................................... 4
Features of RSRT ........................................................................................................................................... 4
Execute + Debug ............................................................................................................................................ 5
Technical Information about Query .................................................................................................................... 6
Query Definition Designer ............................................................................................................................... 7
Query Definition Processor ............................................................................................................................. 9
Properties: ..................................................................................................................................................... 10
SQL of Query: ............................................................................................................................................... 11
Aggregates: ................................................................................................................................................... 12
Default Breakpoints: ...................................................................................................................................... 12
How to Learn OLAP: ..................................................................................................................................... 13
Important Function Modules: ........................................................................................................................ 14
Related Content ................................................................................................................................................ 15
Disclaimer and Liability Notice .......................................................................................................................... 16

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Understanding OLAP Processor and RSRT

Introduction
This article gives the idea about Architecture of OLAP Processor (OLAP Engine) and different features
available in RSRT to analysis queries in different scenarios.

How it is Beneficial to BW Consultant?


A) OLAP Processor
When we are executing our Queries, we need to understand the following:
How data get processed by OLAP Engine and display result as per our requirement on Frontend tools.
What all are the different Stages through which data get passes from InfoProvider to Frontend.

B) RSRT
RSRT have many features which helps BW Consultants to Analysis Queries in a details way. It helps to find
root cause of many issues like Performance, Aggregates, RRI, Wrong Values, BIA and many others.

OLAP Processor Architecture

Above Diagram shows the flow of OLAP Processor.

OLAP Processor starts with the Query Execution. OLAP Processor checks Authorization, Variable values
and it pass these information to DATA MANAGER. According to it, Data Manager retrieves values from
Database. And values get back to Data Manager. It checks for USEREXITS, after that OLAP Processor
checks for any Formula, Exception Aggregation, CKF.
After modifying retrieved data as per User requirement, it will display result in BEX, Web or RSRT.

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Understanding OLAP Processor and RSRT

RSRT Details
Features of RSRT

List of Options available in RSRT for Displaying Results

a) BEX Analyzer: Its look and feel like BEX Analyzer only but no Navigation Block.
b) HTML: It feels like Portal with a Default Template.
c) List: It displays values only.

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Understanding OLAP Processor and RSRT

Execute + Debug

These are the Break Points available in Execute + Debug.


From these options, we can do Debugging on:
1. Data Manager
2. Currency Conversion
3. Data Get
4. Authorization
5. Cache
6. BIA
7. SQL
8. Planning
9. Statistics / RRI
10. Variables

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Understanding OLAP Processor and RSRT

Technical Information about Query

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Understanding OLAP Processor and RSRT

Query Definition Designer

In Technical Information screen, Press Query Definition Designer tab.


Program take us to Debugger, here we can find details about Query Designing.
We can see the entire Component used in particular Query.

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Understanding OLAP Processor and RSRT

Details about L_THX_FORM:

Double click on L_THX_FORM and a list appears. From there we can find following
Informations:
NAV = Free Characteristics Characteristics that are Navigational
STR = Structures
SEL = Selection Element - all restrictions on all Characteristics
FIX = collection of all Filters in the boxes filters, rows, columns and free characteristics.

In this same way we can find more details from following tables:
l_ts_var - will display all Variables for the query
l_th_dkf - will display all Keyfigures for the query.
l_tsx_fst_f - will display all Formulas for the query
l_tsx_fst_k - will display all Formulas for Calculated Keyfigures.

N_SX_REPORT give information about CELLS.

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Understanding OLAP Processor and RSRT

Query Definition Processor

A piece of coding and the complex data structure SX_REPORT are generated for a query in a timeconsuming process. During this generation, the query definition and all of the metadata information are
processed. A range of flags and control tables are created that accelerate the processing considerably
during runtime.

CELL:

Structure elements

CHAFREE: Free characteristics of the query.


LRECH:

Formulas after aggregation.

SEL:

All selections.

SFC:

All characteristics, navigation attributes and units.

SFK:

Collects all basic key figures.

SH:

Collects all hierarchies in the query.

SN:

Collects the hierarchy nodes.

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Understanding OLAP Processor and RSRT

SUMM: Formulas after aggregation.


VAR:

All variables.

VAR_LRECH: Numerical variables with replacement paths.


VCHECK: Controls the validation of variables, that is, the dependencies among variables.
VREP: Controls the replacement of variables.

Properties:

By PROPERTIES, we can set CACHE MODE, READ MODE for particular Query as per user requirement.

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Understanding OLAP Processor and RSRT

SQL of Query:

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Understanding OLAP Processor and RSRT

Aggregates:

S = Search or Wanted Aggregates


A = Available or Used Aggregates.
Default Breakpoints:

1)

OLAP Processor Start (RTO Open) (RRK_RTO_OPEN) :

2)

Here all Variables get processed.


Frontend / OLAP Processor (List Notify) (RRK_LIST_NOTIFY):

3)

Passing Data Request from Frontend to Data Manager.


OLAP Processor / Data Manager (Fill Sp) (FILL_SP_1):

4)

Data Manager sends Data Request to Database and gets data back in table C_TX_DATA.
Aggregate Split (Seldr Split) (RSDRC_ SELDR_SPLIT):

5)

This Function Module splits the query in SUB QUERIES.


Data Transfer OLAP Processor / Frontend (Data Get) (RRK_DATA_GET):

6)

Pass data from OLAP Processor to Frontend.


Eliminate Int. Bus. Vol.
Function Module for Internal Business Volume.

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Understanding OLAP Processor and RSRT

How to Learn OLAP:

HELP TEXT
This will help us to understand OLAP Processor in details way with showing Proper Function Modules for
different scenarios.

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Understanding OLAP Processor and RSRT

Important Function Modules:

These are the important Function Modules for OLAP Processor.


RSDRC_BASIC_DB_QUERY_DATA_GET function Module retrieve data from Database.
E_T_DATA : Each single result of one query stored in E_T_DATA
C_TX_DATA: Whole result of Query Stored in C_TX_DATA.

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Understanding OLAP Processor and RSRT

Related Content
SAP HELP
Analyze Multi-Dimensional Data
For more information, visit the EDW homepage.

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Understanding OLAP Processor and RSRT

Disclaimer and Liability Notice


This document may discuss sample coding or other information that does not include SAP official interfaces and therefore is not
supported by SAP. Changes made based on this information are not supported and can be overwritten during an upgrade.
SAP will not be held liable for any damages caused by using or misusing the information, code or methods suggested in this document,
and anyone using these methods does so at his/her own risk.
SAP offers no guarantees and assumes no responsibility or liability of any type with respect to the content of this technical article or
code sample, including any liability resulting from incompatibility between the content within this document and the materials and
services offered by SAP. You agree that you will not hold, or seek to hold, SAP responsible or liable with respect to the content of this
document.

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