Physics worksheet work power energy

Define work. What is the SI unit of work? What is meant by positive, negative and zero
work?

Obtain an expression for work done by a constant force.

Obtain graphically and mathematically work done by a variable force.

What are conservative and non- conservative forces? List out the differences between them
with a suitable example.

Define kinetic energy. Obtain an expression for kinetic energy of a body moving uniformly.

State and explain work energy principle.

What do you mean by potential energy? Give any two examples of potential energy other
than that of gravitational potential energy.

Obtain an expression for gravitational potential energy of a body.

Explain what is meant by potential energy of a spring? Obtain an expression for it and
discuss the nature of its variation.

1
0

Mention some of the different forms of energy and discuss them briefly.

11 Give a brief account of mass energy equivalence. What is its significance in physics?
1
2

State and establish law of conservation of energy.

1
3

How do vibrations of a simple pendulum illustrate the principle of energy conservation?

1
4

What is meant by a collision? Discuss two types of collision with their essential
characteristics.

1
5

Discuss elastic collision in one dimension. Obtain expressions for velocities of the two bodies
after such a collision. What happens when a billiard ball of mass M moving with a velocity u
collide with another identical stationary ball?

1
6

Discuss briefly inelastic collisions in one dimension.

1
7

Give a brief account of elastic collisions in two dimensions.

1
8

Briefly analyse inelastic collision in two dimensions.

1
9

Define power. Write its SI unit. Prove that instantaneous power is given by the scalar product
of force and velocity.

2
0

Show that the total mechanical energy of a free falling under gravity is conserved.

2
1

Prove that in an elastic collision in one dimension, the relative velocity of approach before
impact is equal to the relative velocity of separation after impact.

2
2

A lighter body collides with a much more massive body at rest. Prove that the direction of
lighter body is reversed and the massive body remains at rest.

2
3

Two bodies of masses m1 and m2 are moving with velocities u1 and u2. After collision, they
stick together. What is the nature of the collision? How can the final velocity of the two be
calculated?

2
4

Prove that the work done by a constant force is equal to the total change in kinetic energy of
the body.

2
5

A light body and a heavy body have same linear momentum. Which one has greater kinetic
energy?

2
6

A light body and a heavy body have same kinetic energy. Which one has greater linear
momentum?

2
7

Why is no energy being consumed in planetary motion?

Ans. A planet is a heavenly body which revolves round the star (the sun). The force which is
responsible for circular motion is called centripetal force. The direction of the centripetal force
is always towards the centre. Thus, the angle between force F and displacement S is 90 0 at
every point. Work done in moving planet, W = FS Cos90 o.So, W = 0. Hence, no energy is
being consumed in planetary motion.

2
8

Check whether work is done in the following situations; if yes find the amount of work.
a. A person holding a suitcase of mass 14 kg and waiting at the bus shelter.
b. A man carrying a suitcase of 20 Kg over his head and walking a distance of 10 m
vertically over a staircase.
c. A man carrying a suitcase of 30 Kg over his head and walking a distance of 5 m on a
railway platform.
d. A man pushing a rigid wall with a force of 200 N.
e. A woman carrying a bucket of water 15 kg and walks on a horizontal road with uniform
velocity.
f. A woman drawing a bucket of water 15 kg from a well of depth 12 m.
g. A boy whirling a stone tied to a string applies a force of 12 N as tension in the string.

2
9

A body moving along Z axis of a co ordinate system is subjected to a constant force

F = - i + 2j + 3k N, Where i, j, k are unit vectors along the x, y and z axis of the system
respectively .What is the work done by this force in moving the body a distance of 4m along
the Z axis? ( W = 12 J)

3
0

Two masses of 1g and 4g are moving with equal kinetic energies. Calculate the ratio of the
magnitudes of their linear momenta. ( 1: 2 )

3
1

A man weighs 60 kg. Calculate the work done by gravity as he climbs a ladder of height of
5m. ( - 2940 J)

3
2

If 20 Joules of work is done in compressing a spring from 0 cm to 6 cm, then find the work
done in compressing the same from 3cm to 6 cm. ( W = 15 J)

3
3

A railway carriage of mass 1000 kg moving with a speed of 15m/s strikes a stationary
carriage of the same mass. After collision, the carriages get coupled and move together.
What is their common speed after collision? ( 7.5 m/s )

3
4

The power of a pump motor is 4KW. How much water in kg/minute can it raise a height of
20m? (g = 10 m/s2)
( m = 1200 kg )

3
5

A 16 kg block moving on a frictionless horizontal surface with a velocity of 4m/s compresses

an ideal spring and comes to rest. If the force constant of the spring be 100N/m , then how
much is the spring compressed? ( 1.6 m)

3
6

How much mass is converted into energy per day in Tarapur nuclear power plant operated at
106 kw? ( 0.96 g )

3
7

The bob of a simple pendulum is released from a horizontal position. If the length of the
pendulum is 2m, what is the speed with which the bob arrives at the lowermost point? Given
that it dissipates 10% of its initial energy against air resistance?
Ans. Gravitational potential energy at the highest position = mgh
= mg x 2 Joules = 2mg Joules
Kinetic energy at lowest position= mv2
= Potential energy at the highest position - the energy dissipated against air resistance
or friction
= [mg x 2 - (10/100) x mg x2] Joule
= mg x 18/10 J
mv2 = mg x18/10

( v = 1.9 ms-1)

3
8

A truck draws a tractor of mass 1000 kg at a steady rate of 20m/s on a level road. The
tension in the coupling is 2000 N. Calculate the power spent on the tractor. ( 40kW )

3
9

A tube well pumps out 2400kg of water per minute. If water is coming out with a velocity of
3m/s, what is the power of the pump? How much work is done, if the pump runs for 10
hours? ( 180 W, 6.48 x 106 J )

4
0

By the use of a pulley, a man raises a weight of 100 kg to a height of 30 m in 2 min 10 sec.
Find the average power required. ( 226.15 W )

4
1

A body of mass 5kg is acted upon by a variable force. The graph below shows the variation of
force with distance. What is the speed of the body when it has covered 25 m? ( 10m/s )

4
2

A body of mass 10 kg moving with a speed of 2m/s on a frictionless table hits on a mounted
spring of force constant 4 x 105 N/m . What is the compression of the spring, when the body
comes to rest? ( 1cm )

4
3

How does the kinetic energy of a body change, if its momentum is doubled?
K.E = mv2 = p2/ 2m., where p is the momentum. So when p is doubled the K.E will
become 4 times.

4
4

A rubber ball falls on a floor from a height of 19.6 m .Calculate the velocity with which it
strikes the ground. To what height will the ball rebounce if it loses 25% of its energy on
striking the ground? ( 14.7 m)

4
5

A body of mass 2 kg makes an elastic collision with another body at rest and continues to
move in the original direction with a speed equal to one third of its original speed. Find the
mass of the second body. ( 1 kg )

------------------------------------------------