BG 1108 General Chemistry Workshop session for

Chapter 14: Chemical Equilibrium

semester 2/2012
1. The equilibrium between carbon dioxide gas and carbonic acid is very important in
biology and environmental science.
CO2 (aq) + H2O (l)
H2CO3 (aq)
Which one of the following is the correct equilibrium constant expression (Kc) for this
reaction?
[CO2 ]
H 2CO3
Kc
A)
D) Kc =
[H2CO3 ]
CO2 H 2O
B)
C)

[CO2 ][H2O]
[H2CO3 ]
[H2CO3 ]
Kc =
[CO2 ]
Kc =

E)

Kc =

1
[H2CO3 ]

2.A reaction with an equilibrium constant Kc = 1.5 x 10-25 would consist of which of the
following at equilibrium:
A) approximately equal reactants and products
B) some reactants and products with reactants slightly favored
C) some reactants and products with products slightly favored
D) essentially all reactants
E)
essentially all products
3. A reaction with an equilibrium constant Kc = 1.5 x 1021 would consist of which of the
following at equilibrium:
A) approximately equal reactants and products
B) some reactants and products with reactants slightly favored
C) some reactants and products with products slightly favored
D) essentially all reactants
E)
essentially all products
4. The solubility of silver chloride can be increased by dissolving it in a solution containing
ammonia.
AgCl (s)
Ag+ (aq) + Cl- (aq)
K1 = 1.6 x 10-10
Ag+ (aq) + 2NH3 (aq)
Ag(NH3)2+ (aq) K2 = 1.5 x 107
What is the value of the equilibrium constant for the overall reaction?
AgCl (s) + 2NH3 (aq)
Ag(NH3)2+ (aq) + Cl- (aq) Knet = ?
7
-3
A) 1.5 x 10 B) 2.4 x 10 C) 3.1 x 10-3 D) 2.3 x 1014 E) 2.4 x 107
5. Consider the two gaseous equilibria:
SO2(g) + 1/2O2(g)
SO3(g)
2SO3(g)
SO2(g) + O2(g)

K1
K2

The values of the equilibrium constants K1 and K2 are related by

2
A) K2 = K12 B) K22 = K1 C) K2 = 1/K 1 D) K2 = 1/K1 E) none of these.
6. Carbon tetrachloride reacts at high temperatures with oxygen to produce two toxic gases,
phosgene and chlorine.
CCl4(g) + 1/2O2(g)
COCl2(g) + Cl2(g), Kc = 4.4 109 at 1,000 K
Calculate Kc for the reaction 2CCl4(g) + O2(g)
2COCl2(g) + 2Cl2(g).
9
9
10
A) 4.4 10 B) 8.8 10 C) 1.9 10
D) 1.9 1019 E) 2.3 1010
7. Given the following information:
2A(g) + B(g)
A2B(g) Kp1
2A(g) + C2(g)
2AC(g) Kp2
3/2A2(g) + B(g) + C(g)
AC(g) + A2B(g) Kp3
Which relationship represents the equilibrium constant for the reaction:
3A2(g) + 3B(g) + 2C(g)
3A2B(g) + C2(g) Knet = ?
A) Knet = Kp1 x Kp2 x Kp3
D) Knet = Kp1 x Kp32/ Kp2
B) Knet = Kp1 x 2Kp3 / Kp2
E)
Knet = Kp1 x Kp2 x Kp32
C) Knet = Kp1 Kp2 + 2 Kp3
8.When the following reaction is at equilibrium, which of these relationships is always true?
2NOCl(g)
2NO(g) + Cl2(g)
A) [NO] [Cl2] = [NOCl]
D) 2[NO] = [Cl2]
B) [NO]2 [Cl2] = [NOCl]2
E)
[NO]2 [Cl2] = Kc[NOCl]2
C) [NOCl] = [NO]
9.Calculate Kp for the reaction 2NOCl(g)
2NO(g) + Cl2(g) at 400C if Kc at 400C for this
reaction is 2.1 102.
A) 2.1 102 B) 1.7 103 C) 0.70 D) 1.2 E) 3.8 104
10.2.50 mol NOCl was placed in a 2.50 L reaction vessel at 400C. After equilibrium was
established, it was found that 28% of the NOCl had dissociated according to the equation
2NOCl(g)
2NO(g) + Cl2(g).
Calculate the equilibrium constant, Kc, for the reaction.
A) 0.021 B) 0.039 C) 0.169 D) 26 E) 47
11.The brown gas NO2 and the colorless gas N2O4 exist in equilibrium, 2NO2
N2O4. In an
experiment, 0.625 mole of N2O4 was introduced into a 5.00 L vessel and was allowed to
decompose until equilibrium was reached. The concentration of N2O4 at equilibrium was
0.0750 M. Calculate Kc for the reaction.
A) 7.5 B) 0.125 C) 0.0750 D) 0.10 E) 0.050
12.Phosgene, COCl2, a poisonous gas, decomposes according to the equation
COCl2(g)
CO(g) + Cl2(g). Calculate Kp for this reaction if Kc = 0.083 at 900C.
A) 0.125 B) 8.0 C) 6.1 D) 0.16 E) 0.083
13. If one starts with pure NO2(g) at a pressure of 0.500 atm, the total pressure inside the
reaction vessel when 2NO2(g)
2NO(g) + O2(g) reaches equilibrium is 0.674 atm.
Calculate the equilibrium partial pressure of NO2.
A) 0.152 atm
B) 0.174 atm

C)
D)
E)

0.200 atm
0.326 atm
The total pressure cannot be calculated because Kp is not given

14.For the reaction SO2(g) + NO2(g)

SO3(g) + NO(g), the equilibrium constant is 18.0 at
1,200C. If 1.0 mole of SO2 and 2.0 moles of NO2 are placed in a 20. L container, what
concentration of SO3 will be present at equilibrium?
A) 0.48 mol/L B) 0.11 mol/L C) 0.95 mol/L D) 2.22 mol/L E) 18 mol/L
15. Sodium carbonate, Na2CO3(s), can be prepared by heating sodium bicarbonate,
NaHCO3(s) as shown below.
2NaHCO3(s)

Na2CO3(s) + CO2(g) + H2O(g)

Kp = 0.23 at 100C

If a sample of NaHCO3 is placed in an evacuated flask and allowed to achieve

equilibrium at 100C, what will the total gas pressure be?
A) 0.46 atm B) 0.96 atm C) 0.23 atm D) 0.48 atm E) 0.11 atm
Ans: B Category: Medium Section: 14.4
16.At 700 K, the reaction 2SO2(g) + O2(g)
2SO3(g) has the equilibrium constant Kc =
4.3 106 , and the following concentrations are present: [SO2] = 0.10 M; [SO3] = 10. M;
[O2] = 0.10 M. Which of the following is true based on the above?
A) Qc > Kc, the reaction proceeds from left to right to reach equilibrium
B) Qc > Kc, the reaction proceeds from right to left to reach equilibrium
C) Qc < Kc, the reaction proceeds from left to right to reach equilibrium
D) Qc < Kc, the reaction proceeds from right to left to reach equilibrium
E)
Qc = Kc, the reaction is currently at equilibrium
17.
For the following reaction at equilibrium, which gives a change that will shift the
position of equilibrium to favor formation of more products?
2NOBr(g)
2NO(g) + Br2(g), Hrxn = 30 kJ/mol
A) Increase the total pressure by decreasing the volume.
B) Add more NO.
C) Remove Br2.
D) Lower the temperature.
E)
Remove NOBr selectively.
18.
For the following reaction at equilibrium in a reaction vessel, which change will
cause the Br2 concentration to decrease?
2NOBr(g)
2NO(g) + Br2(g),
Hrxn= 30 kJ/mol
A) Increase the temperature.
B) Remove some NO.
C) Add more NOBr.
D) Compress the gas mixture into a smaller volume.
E)
Add a catalyst
19.
For the equilibrium reaction 2SO2(g) + O2(g)
2SO3(g), Hrxn = 198 kJ/mol.
Which one of these factors would cause the equilibrium constant to increase?
A) Decrease the temperature.
D) Add a catalyst.
B) Add SO2 gas.
E)
None of these.

C)

Remove O2 gas.

20.

Given the following data for the reaction: A(g) + 2B(s)

Temperature (K)
Kc
300
1.5 x 104
600
55
900
3.4 x 10-3
Is the reaction endothermic or exothermic?

AB2(g)