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GPON Technology

ZTE University

Contents

GPON Basics
GPON Working Principle
GPON Key Technologies

GPON Technology Standard-G.984 Series


ITU-T G.984.1

ITU-T G.984.2

GPON general characteristics

Physical Media Dependent(PMD) layer

Protection switchover requirements

specification
Optical interfaces specification for
2.488Gbit/s downstream/1.244 Gbit/s

upstream
Physical layer overhead definition
ITU-T G-984.1/2/3/4

ITU-T G.984.3
Transmission Convergence layer

specification
GTC multiplex structure and protocol
GTC frame structure definition
Specification of the ONU registration
method and various clarifications
DBA specification
Alarms and performance

ITU-T G.984.4
ONT management and control
interface(OMCI) specification
OMCI equipment management
architecture
OMCI principle introduction

GPON System Architecture


ONT
OLT
G.652

Service Network

ONT
Splitter

SNI

ONT
NMS

Logical split ratio: 1:128

Line Rate:

20km

155 Mb/s up, 1.25 Gbit/s down

622 Mb/s up, 1.25 Gbit/s down


1.25 Gb/s up, 1.25 Gbit/s down
155Mb/s up, 2.5Gbit/s down
622 Mb/s up, 2.5 Gbit/s down
1.25 Gb/s up, 2.5 Gbit/s down
2.5 Gb/s up, 2.5 Gbit/s down

Logical reach: 60km

Downlink wavelength: 1490nm

Uplink wavelength:1310nm,

Third party wavelength:1550nm

CPN

Components of GPON System

OLT(Optical Line Terminal)


Generically placed in the Central Office
ONU(Optical Network Unit)
Generically placed indoor or outdoor, such as on the desk,
dwelling, in the cabinet, etc. kinds of ONUs for different users
ODN(Optical Distribution Network)
Passive network with kinds of components

OLT

ONT
Splitter

CO

Distribution Cabinet

Full Services Access


PC

IPTV

ONU

FTTH

CATV

CATV
Phone

IPTV

Phone
PC

Equipment Room
ONU

Internet

HGW

WIFI

Laptop

FE/GE/10GE

splitter

CO

SS
WDM

PSTN

BSC/RNC

E1/T1

FTTB

OLT C300
Phone

FE/GE
E1/STM-1

Cross-connection
Cabinet of Fiber

splitter

Mobile Backhaul

FTTO

DSLAM
PC
Phone

LAN Switch PC

CBU

Handset

FE/GE/E1
NodeB/BTS

MDU
Office/Enterprise MDU
Phone

IPTV

HGW

PBX
Laptop

PC

Modem

ONU
Phone

PC

Contents

GPON Basics
GPON Working Principle
GPON Key Technologies

GPON Downstream/Upstream Dataflow

GPON Technology Architecture

Protocol Stack for C/M Plane

Protocol Stack for U Plane

The Multiple Service Features for GPON System

GPON Frame Structure

125 s

125 s

Downstream Frame Structure

Upstream Frame Structure


Upstream GTC frame, 125us
ONU Burst

PLOu

Allocation
intervals

ONU Burst

PLOu

Allocation intervals

ONU Burst

PLOu

Allocation
intervals

GEM Frame Structure

GPON Multiplexing Architecture

ONU

T-CONT

Optical Network Unit


Transmission Container

GEM Port

GEMGPON
Encapsulation Method

Ethernet over GEM

Contents

GPON Basics
GPON Working Principle
GPON Key Technologies

GPON DBA
GPON QoS
GPON Protection
GPON Security

How does DBA function?

T-CONT will report the status of its buffers so as to ask for upstream bandwidth
assignment.
OLT will give corresponding bandwidth to each T-CONT based on their buffer status,
and the assignment will be sent to each T-CONT in the downstream GTC stream.
After receiving the bandwidth assignment, ONU will be responsible to give bandwidth
to each queue of each T-CONT.

GPON Bandwidth Types

Fixed bandwidth

Assured bandwidth

Bandwidth with lowest priority. Only after the assignment of fixed, assured and nonassured can Best-Effort get its share.

Maximum bandwidth

Only after the assignment of fixed and assured bandwidth can non-assured
bandwidth get its share.

Best-Effort bandwidth

The only difference with fixed bandwidth is that assured bandwidth can be shared .

Non-Assured bandwidth

After the T-CONT is activated, OLT will give it corresponding time slot regardless
whether or not T-CONT has upstream traffic requirement.

Regardless what the actual upstream demand is, the assignment bandwidth can
not exceed maximum bandwidth.
Equal to the total of fixed, assured, non-assured and Best Efforts bandwidth.

The priority is: fixed> assured >non-assured>best effort.

T-CONT

T-CONT manages GPON upstream bandwidth assignment


T-CONT contains GEM PORT and report buffer status to related OLT.
T-CONT dynamically receives bandwidth authorization identified by
ALLOC-ID from OLT.
Single T-CONT contains different service level GEM streams.
Single T-CONT provides multiple physical queue and converge to one
logical buffer.
T-CONT is transparent transmission entity, not changing any signal.
OLT grants bandwidth authorization to one T-CONT.
DBA-T-CONT status report describes one T-CONT logical buffer status.

GPON T-CONT Types

Type 1 only consists of fixed bandwidth with defined time slot, suitable for service
such as E1/T1
Type 2 only consists of assured bandwidth (defined bandwidth without defined timeslot), suitable for services such as VOD.
Type 3 consists of both assured and non-assured bandwidth, suitable for business
customers.
Type 4 only consists Best Efforts Bandwidth, suitable for for Internet Service.
Type 5 is a mixture of Fixed, Assured and Best Efforts bandwidth, which is suitable
for most services.

Contents

GPON Basics
GPON Working Principle
GPON Key Technologies

GPON DBA
GPON QoS
GPON Protection
GPON Security

GPON End-End QoS Upstream


Ethernet port

GEM port

T-CONT

GPON MAC

Ethernet MAC
Queue 1

SP/WRR
Schedule

Ethernet PORT
GPON
PORT

Queue 8

SP/WRR
Queue 1 Schedule
Ethernet PORT

DBA

Queue 8

802.1p mapping to GEM port

ONT

OLT

For upstream, traffic, with different priority, comes from ONT UNI will be classified by
802.1p and mapped to different GEM port,
GEM port will be connected with specific T-CONT, which is given specific type with
different bandwidth to guarantee the service QoS.
On the OLT, the DBA will adjust the bandwidth of T-CONT dynamically. When traffic is
out of GPON Mac, which will be put into different queue of SNI port according the
mapping of 802.1p to queue. High priority will be put in high queue which will be sent
first out of the port.

GPON End-End QoS Downstream


Ethernet MAC

GPON MAC

Ethernet MAC

GPON MAC

Queue 1

Traffic
Unit

Ethernet PORT
Queue 8

GPON
PORT

GPON
PORT

Queue 1

Traffic
Unit

Ethernet PORT
Queue 8

ONT

OLT

For downstream, traffic with different priority, comes from SNI, will be classified
by 802.1p and mapped into the queue of traffic unit, which is given specific type
with different bandwidth to guarantee the service QoS
On the ONT, traffic out of GPON Mac will be mapped to specific queue according
to the 802.1p.High priority traffic will be sent out first.

Contents

GPON Basics
GPON Working Principle
GPON Key Technologies

GPON DBA
GPON QoS
GPON Protection
GPON Security

Protection of PON-based network

Protection Mechanism of GPON


ONU/ONT #1

G.984.1 Duplex GPON system:


Fibre duplex system

PON LT

N:1 optical
splitter
OLT

PON LT
ONU/ONT #N

Spare fibre

PON LT

ONU/ONT #1

G.984.1 Duplex GPON system:


OLT-only duplex system

PON LT

N:2 optical
splitter
OLT
PON LT (1)
PON LT (0)

ONU/ONT #N
PON LT

Protection of PON-based network

The Protection of GPON


ONU/ONT #1

Double
N:1 optical
splitter

PON LT (1)
PON LT (0)

G.984.1 Duplex GPON system:


Full duplex system

OLT

PON LT (1)

PON LT (0)
ONU/ONT #N
PON LT (1)
PON LT (0)

G.984.1 Duplex GPON system:


Partial duplex system

Contents

GPON Basics
GPON Working Principle
GPON Key Technologies

GPON DBA
GPON QoS
GPON Protection
GPON Security

Encryption of GPON System

Encryption Method:AES-128
Encryption Unit: PORT-ID
Encryption Direction: Downstream

Encryption Key Resource: ONU


Encryption Key Update Request: OLT

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