DEVELOPING VS DEVELOPED

MJ 2003
5 One tenth of the worlds population live in developing countries. Many of those live
on less than US$2 day, and the average life expectancy is less than 50 years.
(a) Explain what other indicators might be used, apart from those above, to classify
a country as developing rather than developed. [10]
(b) Describe the policies that might be used by the government of a developing
country to remedy the situation described above, and assess how easy it would be to
implement those policies. [15]
Nov 2003
5 (a) What distinguishes a developing country from a developed country? [10]
(b) Do you agree that if a developing country becomes a developed country the
problems that face its population are solved? [15]
June 2004
6 (a) Distinguish between monetary policy and fiscal policy. [12]
(b) Discuss how monetary policy might be used by a government in a time of
inflation. [13]
7 (a) Explain what indicators suggest that an economy is developing rather than
developed. [12]
(b) In Johannesburg in 2002 there was an international conference, the World
Summit on Sustainable Development, to discuss the use of the worlds resources and
the best ways governments can help to promote environmentally friendly
development.
Analyse how the policies adopted by a developed economy may affect the standard
of living in a developing economy. [13]
Nov 2004
5 Many countries are concerned to promote economic growth.
(a) Describe the other major objectives of a governments macro-economic policy.
[12]
(b) Discuss whether an emphasis on economic growth is always beneficial. [13]
6 (a) What are the characteristics of a developing economy? [12]
(b) How useful is the GDP as a measure of the standard of living in a country? [13]
5 (a) Explain what indicators would suggest that a country is developed rather than
developing. [12]
(b) It is sometimes stated that the policies of farm subsidies and international
protectionism pursued by developed countries have caused damage to the
economies of developing countries.
Discuss whether the policies of governments in developed countries necessarily
harm developing countries. [13]

6 (a) Explain what determines the demand for money. [10]

(b) In some countries it is said that the use of credit cards by many people has
resulted in huge debts as people spend far more than they earn. Discuss what might
be the consequences of a large increase in consumer spending. [15]

June2007

6 These statements come from the same journal article:

World population has grown to 6.5 billion, with an increase of more than 4
billion since 1950. The number of people starving has increased in the last
10 years. 31.6% of the urban population live in slums and 42 countries
face food emergencies.
Urbanisation could be a solution to poverty, disease and malnutrition
owing to economies of scale that arise.
Source: Royal Society of Arts Journal, August
2005
(a) Explain whether the growth of population is likely to have been faster
in developing countries than in developed countries. [10]
(b) Discuss whether you agree with the idea that urbanisation necessarily
produces economies of scale and is, therefore, a solution to poverty. [15]
7 How far do you agree with the proposition that the main aims of
economic government policy should be low unemployment and low tax
rates? [25]

Nov 2007
5 The Chairman of a national bank stated It is important to rely on a
range of qualitative and quantitative data to assess the economic health
of the nation.
Explain what data might be employed in this assessment and discuss how
useful it is likely to be. [25]
6 (a) Explain why there might be rapid economic growth in a country. [10]
(b) Discuss whether it is best to use all factors of production as fully as
possible. [15]
7 Analyse why the aims of government policy might conflict with each
other and discuss which of the aims ought to be given priority. [25]

June 2008
5 The solution to unsatisfactory economic development and growth is to
focus on economic theory, scientific advances, new technology and
market forces.
(a) Explain what is meant by economic development. [10]
(b) Discuss whether you agree with this statement. [15]
7 (a) For what purposes do people demand money? [10]
(b) Discuss the effect of an increase in the supply of money on interest
rates and national income. [15]

Nov 2008

6 In some countries the rate of unemployment has remained low for

several years.
(a) Explain what causes unemployment. [12]
(b) Discuss whether the reduction of unemployment should always be the
main aim of government policy. [13]