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• LC Updates load status using resource measurements & estimations provided by AC and
PS
• Continuously feeds cell load information to the other RRM functions, e.g. PS and AC
• SHO LC in RNC consists of MS specific part and cell specific part. The UE specific part is
the controlling entity between the cell specific entities (LC, AC and PS)
parameters
when changed Load change info
AC
Load status request 3 Load change
estimations
BS
parameters
Radio Resource PS
Indication Period
LC measurements
Load status
Load change
2 estimations
CCH load
measurement measurements estimations
period
Scheduling period
NRT load 3
RL measurement
reporting period
1
(coverage)
Wideband power
Itotal
based threshold
i=0
i=0.5
i=1
∑R
j =1
j
η DL =
R max Max. allowed throughtput of the cell
• The uplink load of the cell can be estimated by using the sum of the load factors of the users
connected to this cell.
N
η UL = (1 + i ) ⋅ ∑ load j
j =1
Ptx _ total
η DL =
Ptx _ BTS ,max
• The uplink fractional load can be estimated with Prx_noise, the background and receiver noise
and Prx_total, the total received power, according to this formula:
Prx _ noise 1
ηUL = 1 − = 1−
Prx _ total NR
Prx _ oth + Prx _ own Prx _ total − Prx _ noise Prx _ noise 1
η= = = 1− = 1−
Prx _ total Prx _ total Prx _ total NR
• The BTS reports PrxTotal and PtxTotal of each cell to the RNC by sending RADIO
RESOURCE INDICATION message periodically (RRIndicationPeriod)
• LC updates cell load status for each cell based on RADIO RESOURCE INDICATION
• Denying call admission (AC) and throttling back NRT traffic (PS) are the overload
actions
Overloaded Area
total received power
Prx Total [dB]
load factor
η
15 © NOKIA RANPAR Version 2.0 / 02.2006 / rlim
UL Preventive Thresholds
Preventive threshold = PrxTarget
• Prx Target is relative to the system noise, it gives an upper threshold for the noise rise
• Target threshold defines the optimal operating point of the cell load, up to which PS &
AC can operate normally and is calculated from the UL loading (η) value:
PrxTarget
range: 0...30 dB, step 0.1 dB
default: 4 dB
(e.g. in CHT project, 30dB to effectively disable UL Load Control due to PHS spurious interference)
PrxOffset
range: 0...6 dB, step 0.1 dB
default: 1 dB
Overloaded Area
Ptx Total [dBm]
power
load factor
η
18 © NOKIA RANPAR Version 2.0 / 02.2006 / rlim
DL Preventive Thresholds
Preventive threshold = PtxTarget
• Target threshold defines the optimal operating point of the cell load, up to which PS &
AC can operate normally
• If cell load exceeds these limits then AC & PS move to PREVENTIVE STATE function
• New RT RABs are blocked, and PS can't schedule more NRT bit rates in the cell
PtxTarget
range: -10...50 dBm, step 0.1 dB
default: 42 dBm (WPAB) / 45dBm (WPAD)
• Default value depends on the cell max TX power (WPAB=43dBm (20W); WPAD=46dBm
(40W)): in case the cell max power is 43 dBm, the PtxTarget should be 42 dBm and if cell
max power is 46dBm, the PtxTarget should be 45dBm.
PtxOffset
range: 0...6 dB, step 0.1 dB
default: 1 dB
The default value is given for 20W WPAB and 40W WPAD!
(1−α ) NoFrames
Prx/Ptx 1
Prx _ total =
(1 − 2α )NoFrames ∑y k
k =αNoFrames +1
1 8
Prx _ total = ∑ yk
6 k =3
(1−α ) NoFrames
1
Ptx _ total =
(1 − 2α )NoFrames ∑y k
k =αNoFrames +1
• Prx/PtxAlpha
• Defines the type of measurement filter used for the total received wideband power
(PrxTotal) in a cell. If the value is 0, pure sliding window mean filter is used and if
the value is 0.5, sliding window median filter is used. If the value is between 0 -
0.5, trimmed mean filter is used
range: 0... 0.5, step 0.05 default: 0
BTS Measurements
RRI Period
•The parameter defines the reporting period of the RADIO RESOURCE INDICATION
messages, which are used for cell based load measurements.
range: 0...2000 ms, step 100 ms default: 500ms
• The BTS informs the RNC about the current load at the radio interface from the
radio resource point of view and the load of every RACH in each cell.
• For that purpose the BTS sends periodically a Radio Resource Indication message
to the RNC
• A BTS measures RACH load of cell, and reports it to the RNC using the RADIO
RESOURCE INDICATION message
• RACH load includes following measurements:
• RACH load: Averaged number of received RACH preambles per radio frame during the
reporting period
• RACH decoded messages: Averaged number of all decoded RACH messages per radio frame
during the reporting period
• Successfully decoded messages: Averaged number of successfully decoded RACH messages
per radio frame during the reporting period
• RACHLoadIndicationPeriod
• The parameter defines the reporting period of the PRACHs in a BTS. The BTS may
report load figures to the RNC in every Nth (N=1-20) NBAP Radio Resource
Indication message. Value 0 of the parameter means that the BTS does not report
the load information for RACH.
range: 1...20, step 1 default: 1
• These measurement reports are used as an input for defining initial power for PS and AC
• RLMeasRepPeriod
• range: 0...2000 ms, step 100 ms default: 500 ms
• Bigger value decreases Iub signalling load, smaller value increases accuracy
• Value 0 = OFF