DECLARATION

I Shwetha Dorothy John, a bonafide student of Department of Sociology, Stella Maris

college, would like to declare that the project Entitled A Study And Observation Of An
Ngo Of ARUWE is in Partial fulfillment of the requirements for the B.A Sociology
Degree of Stella Maris is my original work.

Place :

Date

(SHWETHA DOROTHY JOHN)

INDEX
1.Meaning Of Non Governmental Organization.
2.Definition Of Non Profit Organization.
3.Introduction To Non Governmental Organization As A 3rd Sector.
4.Aruwe Organizational Profile.
4.1Mission Of Aruwe.
4.2Role Of Aruwe.
4.3Value Of Aruwe.
4.4Financial Management Of Aruwe.
4.5 Abbrevation
5.Projects Of Aruwe.
6. Objectives Of The Above Projects.
7. Study Component - An Illustration Of The Field Work Project.
8. The Philosophy Of Aruwe.
9. Management Of Ngos.
10. Design And Implementation.
11.Strength Of Aruwe.
11. Weakness Of Aruwe.
12. Conclusion.
13. Suggestions.

NON GOVERNMENTAL ORGANISATION (NGO)

1. Meaning Of A Ngo.
A non-governmental organization or non-governmental organisation in English (NGO) is
an organization that is neither a part of a government nor a conventional for-profit business.
Usually set up by ordinary citizens, NGOs may be funded by governments, foundations,
businesses, or private persons. Some avoid formal funding altogether and are run primarily
by volunteers. NGOs are highly diverse groups of organizations engaged in a wide range of
activities, and take different forms in different parts of the world. Some may have charitable
status, while others may be registered for tax exemption based on recognition of social
purposes. Others may be fronts for political, religious or other interest groups.
The number of NGOs operating in the United States is estimated at 1.5 million.. Russia has
277,000 NGOs. India is estimated to have had around 2 million NGOs in 2009, just over one
NGO per 600 Indians, and many times the number of primary schools and primary health
centres in India.

2. Definition Of Ngo
NGOs are difficult to define, and the term 'NGO' is not used consistently. As a result, there
are many different classifications in use. The most common focus is on 'orientation' and 'level
of operation'. An NGO's orientation refers to the type of activities it takes on. These activities
might include human rights, environmental, or development work. An NGO's level of
operation indicates the scale at which an organization works, such as local, regional, national
or international.
One of the earliest mentions of the term "NGO" was in 1945, when the United Nations (UN)
was created. The UN, which is an inter-governmental organization, made it possible for
certain approved specialized international non-state agenciesi.e., non-governmental
organizationsto be awarded observer status at its assemblies and some of its meetings.
Later the term became used more widely. Today, according to the UN, any kind of private
organization that is independent from government control can be termed an "NGO", provided
it is not-for-profit, non-criminal and not simply an opposition political party.
One characteristic these diverse organizations share is that their non-profit status means they
are not hindered by short-term financial objectives. Accordingly, they are able to devote
themselves to issues which occur across longer time horizons, such as climate change,
malaria prevention or a global ban on landmines. Public surveys reveal that NGOs often
enjoy a high degree of public trust, which can make them a useful - but not always sufficient
- proxy for the concerns of society and stakeholders.

3. Introduction To Ngo As A 3rd Sector.

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Definition of third sector in English: The part of an economy or society comprising nongovernmental and non-profit-making organizations or associations, including charities,
voluntary and community groups, cooperatives, etc.
Voluntary or
non-profit sector of
an economy;
described
by
Jim
Joseph
President, Council On Foundations)
as
"an intermediary space
between business and government where private energy can be deployed for public good."
Also called Tertiary Sector.
Examples of 3rd sector.
Oxfam,
Red Cross,
Mind,
YMCA,
Church of England,
Shelter,
RSPCA,
Cancer Research,
Macmillan Cancer Nurses,
Salvation Army,
Scout and Guide movement,
Youth Hostel Association

ARUWE
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TO LIVE IS TO LOVE
Organization Profile:
Genesis
Started in early 1993 by group of professional social workers to support destitute elders, we
have expanded our scope to include the needs of pavement dwellers, deprived and
disadvantaged children, women and girls in crisis, and migrant workers. We primarily work
in and around Ayanavaram zone of Chennai Corporation.
Chennai has seen unprecedented growth in recent years. But this growth has a price. A
growing population of disadvantaged people living on the edges of society, struggling to
make a life in impoverished living spaces.
In 1993: Aruwe was under the Societys Act. Later it changed to Trusts Act in the year 2000.
In 1993, Medical Camp was begun with Family councelling.
In 1994, Day Care Centre was begun. Joining the Drop out children into Schools.
In 1995, Students started coming from various colleges as volunteers for field work.
In 1996 / 1997, Supportive Supplement Education was given to the children.
In 1997, Accommodation of elders.
In 1998, Self Help Groups SHG, Were begun.
In 1999, Campus was held for Diseases.
In 2001, Medical Care was held wit tie ups with the other NGOs like Nal Manam.
In 2002, Annual Fund Raising was held. With the help of corporate chill out, and
Celebrity welcome.
In 2003, Nutrition Project was held, with 80 children.
In 2004, Homeless Children Project was held.
In 2005, Corporate Social Responsibility a part of Ngo.
In 2006, Community mental health was given to the Aruwe people by the Rajin
hospital.
In 2007 / 2008, Transformation of Lives of homeless.
In 2009, Drop in centre for children.

In 2010, Tailor institute for women was begun.

In 2011, shelter was provided for the homeless children.
In 2012, Reserve centre for girls reception unit. (Juvenile home).
In 2013, Reserve centre for boys reception unit. (Juvenile home ).
In 2014, Aruwe Human service. Workshop on skills, obedience, personality,
development. For parents, teachers, and students.
Mission Of Aruwe
In the age of deteriorating concern and care for fellow humans, ARUWEs core mission is to
serve the urban poor.
Role Of Aruwe
Serving the urban poor :
Facilities to take Reaching out to the poor people on the streets, giving them a meal to eat.
Young kids are given help from them in the way of tuitions.
Supporting the Destitute Elderly :
Care for abandoned elderly remains the core of are work. We provide residential and day
care about 30 persons. At ARUWE these dear ones receive the best of medical care,
recreational opportunities, nutrition, income, generation options, legal aid, and are
encouraged to learn skills that will make their lives meaningful.
Supporting the needy :
The urban poor are among the most disenfranchised and neglected communities. ARUWE
sensitizes local communities to their rights and entitlements. We facilitate their movements
to greater responsibility and orient them towards savings and help them in accessing
intuitional credit. We also provide referral services according to their specific needs and
interventions services among women and girls in crisis.
Community mental health :
Abnormally high suicide rates In the Ayanavaram area promoted us to initiate the Community
Mental Health Project. We provide need based counselling, promote an awareness of Mental
Health, and enhance the communitys ability to cope with stress. Persons with mental illness
or retardation are referred to suitable agencies and significant importance is given to a Child
Mental Health especially with respect to attitudes towards academic pressure, parental and
community expectation. This is further used as an opportunity to build in knowledge and
awareness on life skills and, adolescent concerns. This community outreach programme
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happens every alternate weekend and targets especially vulnerable pockets such as
Seethathopu, Ayanayaram Housing Board and Solai Street.
Service for Disadvantaged Children :
Children are among the most marginalized in our experience. Impoverished dwelling places,
lack of coherent urban amenities and basic services, as well as poor socio economic
conditions create a hazardous environment for a childs growth and development. School
drop outs are common and families prefer their children working as it adds to the household
income.
ARUWE works to reduce the vulnerability of these children by providing
supplementary education, scholarships, uniforms, and other essentials that will reduce the
economic burden on their parents. We also run a nutritious meal program for about 50 of the
marginalized children who we learnt were denied evening meals due to financial hardship.
These children are also given a monthly health check-up.
Other Services :
In addition we also support needy youth, the homeless on New Avadi Road, migrant
construction workers, and also run a Drop-In Centre for Street Children and Children in
Need.
Values
Compassion, Commitment, Competency, and Support.
Financial Management
Corporate Sponsorships and celebratity cultural programme in which those tickets are sold in
crowd and that money is given to ARUWE.
ABBREVATIONS:
ARUWE Action for Rural Womens Empowerment
VHTs Village Health Teams
AIDS Acute Immune Defiency Syndrome
WHHS Women Headed Households
HIV Human Immune Virus
TOT Training of Trainers
WC Women Councils
VHTs Village Health Teams
CBFs Community Based Facilitators
HO Health Officers
GBV Gender Based Violence
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CHE Community Health Educators

Project Of The Organization
There are totally 4 projects in ARUWE as of now. The below are the following Projects.
1.Children and Adolences Bala Vidya (Education), and Bala Arokia (Nutrition
Food).
2.Sri Shakti Neithal Koodam (Residential Care for Ladies).
3.Elders and Day Care Centre.
4.Community Outreach Samuga Manam Arokia Nugam.
Objectives Of The Above Projects
CHILDREN AND ADOLENCES
Bala Vidya To provide Education Support and Holistic Development to Children who
belong to the urban poor.
Bala Arokia To provide nutritional support to children and night meal to enhance their
functions across life domains.
Sri Shakti To conduct Gender empowerment program tohelp in revising the marginalization
of women. Neithal Koodam serves to train women on tailoring and thereby enhancing their
economic status.
Elders Day Care Centre
Food and shelter is given, destitute elderly women are taken care of well as they are given to
the right quality of life. To provide councelling and recreation activities to the community.

Community Outreach
Sensitize the community to mental health issues, Identifying persons with mental health
problems, Provide treatments, rehabilitations, service theory and relief and linkages.
To promote help and prevention of diseases, early diagnostic treatments and follow up of
diseases and provision of health and environment.
STUDY COMPONENT AN ILLUSTRATION OF THE FIELD BASED PROJECT.
Our field visit commenced from 19th August till 22nd August. It begun in a Informal way with
9of us in a group.
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Day 1:
History of the Organization.

We begun are project by 1st knowing the History of the Ngo. Ms. Tara (Project Manager) Explained
to us about how ARUWE was begun, and Why it was begun.
ARUWE is a Public Charitable Trust run by a group of committed social work professionals who are
concerned about the welfare of the elderly destitute and deprived children.
It caters to the emergent needs of the destitute elderly, pavement dwellers, women and girls in crisis
and disadvantaged children. About 130 disadvantaged children and children at risk are provided
supplementary tuition classes, counseling, uniform, nutritional support and other educational
assistance.
About 35 elderly destitute access day care as well as residential care. These and various other urban
poor living around the Ayanavaram zone of the Chennai corporation form part of ARUWEs growing
family.

It was started for the weaker sections of the society, like the Elders,
Children and Women. Initially Aruwe was doing Community Services
like conducting Awareness Programmes, Health Camps and Referral
Services. Hence we were catalyst between the people and the
Government

Organizations

and

Non-government

Organizations.

Through our limited contacts we were able to help many people in need.
In this due course we identified that it was the elders who required basic
needs like Food and Shelter. Hence we decided to give them a meal
everyday. With regard to this we approached our friends who came
forward to help us in feeding these elders. We started with three
deserving elders and within a month we had seven more elders. They
were Deserving Homeless Elders.
To render Community Services ARUWE had adopted three communities
in and around Ayanavaram from where we had identified 25 single
parent children who was in need of Educational Assistance. Family
Counsellors were appointed to deal severe marital problem and guide
them on Family & Child Welfare.
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We ended the Day by knowing about the NGO ARUWE.

DAY 2:
Rapport Building We had an interaction session, between the women
and us. There were many ups and downs, while the interaction, as few
women were aggressive and few women were soft spoken. After which
we conducted a small game for the women there. The name of the game
was Blind Folded Bindi . The game was organised just to make a chill
out with the women there. It ended well.
DAY 3:
Activity The 3rd day, it was filled only with activities and yoga. We
taught them yoga, they really cooperated with us, and they in fact told us
to teach them more of asana. We made them feel the peace of mind, for
a time being. But not for a long time, as they have their hard core
problems deep in their heart. We wanted to make the session lite, so we
made them to play paper pyramids. They really took it sportive and
played it very well. On the whole, we had a good time. After which we
left the place .We had melodies time, as few women sung for us. They
told us their family issues as to how they were brought in to this
ARUWE ngo. After which we left, as it was time to leave the ngo.
DAY 4:
Video We played them many clippings on the topic (Togetherness) as
there was no bonding among each other there. They always had quarrel
among themselves. There was no proper unity. After watching the video,
their reactions were different. There would be no big change, as its gone
deep into them, not to accept each other. So the video was not that much
effective. As it was our last day of observation, we spent time talking
with the elderly women there. Before we could leave the reactions of the
elderly women here really touching. They didnt want us to leave the
place. They got attached to us that were the high light. But not all of
them. It was only few of them.
Our Four Day Observation Of Aruwe Has Come To An End.

8.The Philosophy Of Aruwe

Action for Rural Womens Empowerment (ARUWE) is a non-profit, on
Governmental Organization working with marginalized groups of
people especially the rural Women Farmers in Uganda. ARUWE
evolved from Nsangi Rural development Association (NRDA)
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which was originally founded in 2000 as a community based

organization working on Women . Empowerment. In April 2008,
ARUWE was fully registered as company limited by guarantee number
97095 and NGO with number S.5914/7266 with the purpose of
improving the livelihoods of the rural marginalized Women farmers and
their children through food Security and environment, health, economic
empowerment, human rights and HIV/AIDS. ARUWE is a registered
member to different Networks which include; NGO forum, National
Association of Women organizations in Uganda (NAWOU), Uganda
Water and Sanitation NGO Network (UWASNET) and Development
Network for Indigenous Voluntary Associations (DENIVA) and ICON
partners This organization is one that has combined with technical
assistance for rural women With empowerment and training programs.
As a model of operation ARUWE has encouraged village women to
organize themselves into groups specially in the central region of
Uganda which has created cohesiveness within members of the groups.
Instead of struggling alone, now these women and work together to
solve problems. ARUWE has focused on participatory, sustainable and
empowerment projects.

Management Of The Ngo

Staffing
Some NGOs are highly professionalized and rely mainly on paid staff.
Others are based around voluntary labour and are less formalized. Not
all people working for non-governmental organizations are volunteers.
Many NGOs are associated with the use of international staff working in
'developing' countries, but there are many NGOs in both North and
South who rely on local employees or volunteers. There is some dispute
as to whether expatriates should be sent to developing countries.
Frequently this type of personnel is employed to satisfy a donor who
wants to see the supported project managed by someone from
an industrialized country. However, the expertise of these employees or
volunteers may be counterbalanced by a number of factors: the cost
of foreigners is typically higher, they have no grassroots connections in
the country they are sent to, and local expertise is often undervalued.
The NGO sector is an essential employer in terms of numbers. For
example, by the end of 1995, CONCERN worldwide, an international
Northern NGO

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working against poverty, employed 174 expatriates and just over 5,000 national staff working
in ten developing countries.
Funding
Whether the NGOs are small or large, various NGOs need budgets to operate. The amount of
budget that they need would differ from NGOs to NGOs. Unlike small NGOs, large NGOs
may have annual budgets in the hundreds of millions or billions of dollars. For instance, the
budget of the American Association of Retired Persons (AARP) was over US$540 million in
1999. Funding such large budgets demands significant fundraising efforts on the part of most
NGOs. Major sources of NGO funding are membership dues, the sale of goods and services,
grants from international institutions or national governments, and private donations. Several
EU-grants provide funds accessible to NGOs.
Even though the term "non-governmental organization" implies independence from
governments, many NGOs depend heavily on governments for their funding. A quarter of the
US$162 million income in 1998 of the famine-relief organization Oxfam was donated by the
British government and the EU. The Christian relief and development organization States
collected US$55 million worth of goods in 1998 from the American government.
Government funding of NGOs is controversial, since, according to David Rieff, writing
in The New Republic, "the whole point of humanitarian intervention was precisely that NGOs
and civil society had both a right and an obligation to respond with acts of aid and solidarity
to people in need or being subjected to repression or want by the forces that controlled them,
whatever the governments concerned might think about the matter. Some NGOs, such
as Greenpeace do not accept funding from governments or intergovernmental organizations.

Design And Implementation

This Strategic Plan provides ARUWE with a 5-year roadmap for support, services and
Organization development. The Board of Directors, management and staff will review
progress and update the plan annually but also whenever need arises.
The document assesses both the challenges and opportunities it is likely to face over the next
5 years and sets the context for the choices reflected in this strategic plan. Therefore, this plan
will help to strengthen the achievements of the organization, further re-organize and Market
the NGOs programmes in the Districts of operation, focusing the attention in the upcoming 5
years.

Strengths Of Aruwe
ARUWEs key strengths include;
The organizations demonstrated ability to provide high quality, necessary services,
which help women and their children live a full life in the community.

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Increased excellence and productivity. ARUWE has increased in terms of it mandate,

staff and financial resources. It has expanded its programmes and activities to new
areas
ARUWE has become more aware of other players and has developed collaboration
and partnerships to mitigate conflict circumstances. This has increased ARUWEs
knowledge and awareness about peace building processes.
Increased participation and networking capacities where ARUWE has been called
upon to different fora and activities and this has strengthened its ability to facilitate
better networking opportunities.
ARUWE Staff is committed, empowered and the services and programs offered are
monitored for quality.

WEAKNESS OF ARUWE
1)Limited finance resources that inhibits rapid response to challenges in the community.
2)Need to increase staff skill capacity
3)Need to improve electronic and hard copy document

Conclusion
I would like to conclude by saying, few things about the organizational visit. As in
the organization given to me was really a good one to observe. ARUWE taught me many
values for life. Instance, how to respect our parents and that we should not leave them alone
in their old age. It has created an impact, on me. When the aged women spoke to me, about
their life, it really disturbed me. It was full of pain and sorrow.Few women their like to b
apart of ARUWE, some do not, but they are there because they have no other place to go.
Over all I had a good experience in ARUWE. Personally I would like to thank you
ARUWE for allowing me to observe your organization for those 4 days.
A special thanks to the subject teacher of Ngo, Ms. ISHWARIYA, for giving me such
an opportunity to visit and observe ARUWE.
Suggestions

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1) My View towards ARUWE is that ARUWE is being organized and coordinated in a

good way.
2) There is no human in ARUWE working for their own profit, like the bogus ngos.
3) All the funds are being used correctly and each pie is documented.
a. ARUWE could change their location to a better place as there is no
proper accommodation.
b. There are no permanent volunteers for ARUWE.
c. It should start collaborating with the high scale ngos for its betterment.
d. The time span of observation could be increased and the timings
should have been more flexible.

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