Fatima C.

Dela Pena
Political Science 4th Year
POLSCI 60
POLITICAL ANALYSIS
Political Analysis is the study of government and political processes, institutions, and
behavior. The analytical data obtained is utilized to predict future trends in the
government's political climate. Political scientists measure how successful governance
is and specific policies by examining many factors, including stability, justice, material
wealth, and peace.
QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS
QUALITATIVE
Qualitative research is one of the two major approaches to research methodology in
social sciences. Qualitative research involves an indepth understanding of human
behaviour and the reasons that govern human behaviour. Unlike quantitative research,
qualitative research relies on reasons behind various aspects of behaviour. Simply put, it
investigates the why and how of decision making, as compared to what, where, and
when of quantitative research. Hence, the need is for smaller but focused samples
rather than large random samples, which qualitative research categorizes data into
patterns as the primary basis for organizing and reporting results.
Quantitative

Experiments: random treatment assignments and quasi experiments using

nonrandomized treatments.
Surveys: which are cross-sectional or longitudinal

Quantitative research is the systematic scientific investigation of quantitative properties

and phenomena and their relationships. Quantitative research is widely used in both the
natural and social sciences, from physics and biology to sociology and journalism.

The objective of quantitative research is to develop and employ mathematical models,

theories and hypotheses pertaining to natural phenomena. The process of
measurement is central to quantitative research because it provides the fundamental
connection between empirical observation and mathematical expression of quantitative
relationships.

DESCRIPTIVE SURVEY METHOD

This approach is called a descriptive survey or normative survey

Reduced to its basic elements, a survey is quite simple in design: The researcher poses
a series of questions to willing participants; summarises their responses with
percentages, frequency counts, or more sophisticated statistical indexes; and then draws
inferences about a particular population from the responses of the sample

DOCUMENTARY ANALYSIS (source :campus.educaduim.com)

A social research method which is used as a tool in obtaining relevant documentary evidence in
a research , especially during the chapter of literature review.The exercise involves analytic
reading and review of lots written material.
This is valuable to help the researcher a relevant portion that can be deamed .Statement of tax.

Documentary research method refers to the analysis of documentsthat

contains information about the phenomenon we wish to study (Bailey 1994).
The documentary research method is used in investigating and categorizing
physical sources, most commonly written documents, whether in the private
or public domain .This research method is just as good as and sometimes
even more cost effective than the social surveys, in-depth interview or
participant observation.
OBSERVATION and INTERVIEW
a.

Interviewing and observation

For the are two methods of collecting qualitative data as part of research. Both tools
are used by academic researchers and in fields such as market research. There are two types of
observation. In a participant observation, the researcher will make herself part of the community that
she is observing. A direct observation can be more focused, as the researcher often calls in her

subjects and observes them for a specified amount of time. Interviews vary from structured, in which
a set list of questions is asked of every interviewee, to unstructured, which is open-ended. These
different techniques lead to many differences in conducting and analyzing the research data.
b. Interview
The most straightforward analysis comes from a structured interview.
However many interviews you conduct, because they are all based on the same set of
questions, you can compare answers directly. Unstructured interviews and participant
observations are the most difficult to analyze, partly because there is so much data.
Unstructured interviews require a lot of synthesis before responses can be compared.

DATA GATHERING PROCEDURE

There are two sources of data. Primary data collection uses surveys, experiments or
direct observations. Secondary data collection may be conducted by collecting
information from a diverse source of documents or electronically stored
information. U.S. census and market studies are examples of a common source of
secondary data. This is also referred to as "data mining."