Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
ChE, BUET
UNIT OPERATION
EVAPORATION
EVAPORATION COMPARED
WITH DISTILLATION
SOLUTE IN EVAPORATION IS
GENERALLY NON-VOLATILE,
RELATIVE TO SOLVENT
http://www.novasep.com/tec
hnologies/img/evaporationgraph2.gif
http://www.schoolscience.co.
uk/content/4/chemistry/petrol
CONTENT
CONTENT
ChE, BUET
EVAPORATION
Heat is added to a solution to vaporize the solvent, which is usually
water.
Case of heat transfer to a boiling liquid.
Vapor from a boiling liquid solution is removed and a more
concentrated solution remains.
11
Condensor
unit
Coolant In
Coolant
out
Vapor
Separator
Feed in
Steam in
(Saturated vapor)
Heat Exchanger
Condensate out
(Saturated
Liquid)
Product out
15
18
Performance of Evaporator
19
Steam Economy
20
Evaporator Capacity
21
22
23
24
25
26
Characteristics to considered
Other liquid characteristics Pressure and temperature
Foaming or frothing
Scale deposition
Processing Factors
Solubility Viscosity
Temperature sensitivity
of materials
Concentration in
the liquid
27
PROCESSING FACTORS
(1) Concentration
dilute feed, viscosity , heat transfer coefficient, h
concentrated solution/products, , and h .
(2) Solubility
concentration , solubility , crystal formed.
solubility with temperature .
(3) Temperature.
heat sensitive material degrade at higher temperature &
prolonged heating.
28
(4) Foaming/frothing.
caustic solutions, food solutions, fatty acid
solutions form foam/froth during boiling.
entrainment loss as foam accompany vapor.
30
31
33
34
36
37
38
Selection of Evaporator
39
Type of Evaporation
Equipment
40
41
ChE, BUET
Natural Circulation
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
FORCE CIRCULATION
EVAPORATOR
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
Submerged Combustion
Evaporator
60
Selection of Evaporator
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
69
70
71
72
Steam Trap
Discharge
condensate,
air and other
incondensable
gases from a
steam system
while
not
permitting the
escape of live
steam
73
THANK YOU
74