CSP003 - Concrete Rev.1 PDF

PT.
INTERNATIONAL NICKEL INDONESIA
Specification Number CSP003 rev.1

Concrete Specification, Installation and Finishing
CSP - 003
CONCRETE SPECIFICATION,
INSTALLATION AND FINISHING
Release for construction

Issue
Date
Description
Prepared
Reviewed
(Technical)
Reviewed
MGR
C/M CE
Approved
GM Central Eng.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
NO. DESCRIPTION
PAGE
1.
SCOPE
2.
CODE AND STANDARD
DEFINITION
4.
QUALITY CONTROL AND ASSURANCE
5.
GRADES OF CONCRETE
5.1 Testing
5.1.1 General
5.1.2 Slump
5.1.3 Acceptance Criteria
ACCEPTABILITY OF CONCRETE
6.1 Materials
6.1.1 Concrete mix
6.1.2 Aggregates
6.1.3 Admixtures
6.1.4 Steel reinforcement
6.1.5 Storage of Materials
6.1.6 Mixing and delivery
6.2 Mix acceptance
6.2.1 Approved mix
6.2.2 Variation of approved mix
6.3 Admixtures
6.3.1 Water-reducing
6.3.2 Superplasticiser
6.3.3 Accelerator admixtures
6.3.4 Retarder
6.3.5 Other admixtures
INSTALLATION OF CONCRETE AND RELATED WORK
7.1 Formwork
7.1.1 Materials
7.1.2 Construction
7.1.3 Coating
7.1.4 Removing bracing and Shoring
7.2 Steel reinforcing
7.3 Preparation
7.4 Placing of concrete
7.5 Curing
7.6 Membrane curing
7.7 Weather protection
7.8 Finishing concrete surface
7.9 Joints
7.9.1 Construction Joints
7.9.2 Expansion Joints
7.9.3 Control Joins
7.9.4 Joint sealer
7.10 Grouting
SLAB FINISHES
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6.
PT. INTERNATIONAL NICKEL INDONESIA

8.1 Un-formed finish

8.2 Formed finish
8.3 Finishing tolerance
REJECTION
25
28
28
28
10
STATEMENT OF COMPLIANCE
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1.0
2.0
SCOPE
1.1
This specification applies to the furnishing and installation of concrete and related
work in accordance with the contract drawings and this specification. All drawings
and other referenced documents are included in this specification.
1.2
Work performed under this specification will be subject to the approval of the
ENGINEERING DEPARTMENTS duly authorized representative hereinafter
referred to as THE ENGINEER.
1.3
Any aspects of the work not clearly defined by this specification shall be governed by
the rules of the best prevailing practice for that class of work as determined by THE
ENGINEER.
1.4
Also included shall be the provision of all holes, chases, slots, etc., required for pipe
and other work, and filling in of all such openings that are of a temporary nature,
and the setting of anchor bolts, inserts, hangers, etc., required by others.
CODES AND STANDARDS

All aspects of concrete installation method and specification including, but not limited to
those listed above, shall be in accordance with the provisions of the following standards;
AS 1012 (1993)
AS 1379 (2007)
AS 3600 (2001)
AS 1478 (2000)
AS/NZS 3905 (1999)
AS 3972(1997)
AS 3610 (1995)
: Methods of testing concrete

: Specification and supply of concrete
: Concrete structures
: Chemical admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout
: Quality system guidelines
: Portland and blended cements
: Formwork for concrete
Note:
1. Additional standards are also referenced within the above standards.
2. The above standards are current at the time of drafting this specification, and may be
revised/superseded/supplemented without revision to this listing.
3.0
DEFINITION
Admixturematerial, other than water, aggregate, and hydraulic cement, used as an
ingredient of concrete, mortar, grout, or plaster and added to the batch immediately before
or during mixing.
Aggregategranular mineral material such as natural sand, manufactured sand, gravel,
crushed stone, air-cooled blast-furnace slag, vermiculite, or perlite.

Air contenttotal volume of air voids, both entrained and entrapped, in cement paste,
mortar, or concrete. Entrained air adds to the durability of hardened mortar
Batchingprocess of weighing or volumetrically measuring and introducing into the mixer,
the ingredients for a batch of concrete, mortar, grout, or plaster.
Bleedingflow of mixing water from a newly placed concrete mixture caused by the
settlement of the solid materials in the mixture.
Coarse aggregatenatural gravel, crushed stone, or iron blast-furnace slag, usually larger
than 5 mm (0.2 in.) and commonly ranging in size between 9.5 mm and 37.5 mm (38 in. to
112 in.).
Compressive strengthmaximum resistance that a concrete, mortar, or grout specimen will
sustain when loaded axially in compression in a testing machine at a specified rate; usually
expressed as force per unit of cross sectional area, such as megapascals (Mpa) or pounds per
square inch (psi).
Concretemixture of binding materials and coarse and fine aggregates. Portland cement
and water are commonly used as the binding medium for normal concrete mixtures, but
may also contain pozzolans, slag, and/or chemical admixtures.
Construction jointa stopping place in the process of construction. A true construction
joint allows for bond between new concrete and existing concrete and permits no
movement. In structural applications their location must be determined by the structural
engineer. In slab on grade applications, construction joints are often located at contraction
(control) joint locations and are constructed to allow movement and perform as contraction
joints.
Contraction jointweakened plane to control cracking due to volume change in a concrete
structure. Joint may be grooved, sawed, or formed. Also known as a Control joint.
Corrosiondeterioration of metal by chemical, electrochemical, or electrolytic reaction.
Construction Manager The construction manager (CM) is a professional management
person/ organization employed by the owner to oversee and manage the project. During the
construction phase, the CM will oversee the work and perform many of the coordination
functions of the general contractor.
Curingprocess of maintaining freshly placed concrete mortar, grout, or plaster moist and
at a favorable temperature for a suitable period of time during its early stages so that the
desired properties of the material can develop. Curing assures satisfactory hydration
and hardening of the cementitious materials.
Damp proofingtreatment of concrete, mortar, grout, or plaster to retard the passage, or
absorption of water, or water vapor.
Densitymass per unit volume; the weight per unit volume in air, expressed, for example,
in kg/m3 (lb/ft3).

Durabilityability of Portland cement concrete, mortar, grout, or plaster to resist

weathering action and other conditions of service, such as chemical attack, freezing and
thawing, and abrasion.
Engineer The engineer is responsible for the detailed design for the concrete design
portions of the project. As part of this process, the engineer develops detailed structural
concrete contract documents and specifications. Other important functions of the Engineer
are to review concrete and rebar schedule drawings for consistency with the design intent
and to review the structural assembly during the construction phase. The engineer may be
either an employee of the primary architectural and engineering firm, or an employee of an
outside consulting firm, or of the owner.
Engineering departments Department lies under PT INCO Tbk organizational breakdown
structure.
Epoxy resinclass of organic chemical bonding systems used in the preparation of special
coatings or adhesives for concrete or masonry or as binders in epoxy-resin mortars and
concretes.
Expansion jointa separation provided between adjoining parts of a structure to allow
movement.
Finishingmechanical operations like screeding, consolidating, floating, troweling, or
texturing that establish the final appearance of any concrete surface.
Formworkstemporary supports for keeping fresh concrete in place until it has hardened
to such a degree as to be self supporting (when the structure is able to support its dead
load).
Freeze-thaw resistanceability of concrete to withstand cycles of freezing and thawing.
(See also Air entrainment and Air-entraining admixture.)
Groutmixture of cementitious material with or without aggregate or admixtures to which
sufficient water is added to produce a pouring or pumping consistency without segregation
of the constituent materials.
Honeycombterm that describes the failure of mortar to completely surround coarse
aggregates in concrete, leaving empty spaces (voids) between them.
Hydrationin concrete, mortar, grout, and plaster, the chemical reaction between hydraulic
cement and water in which new compounds with strength-producing properties are formed.
Isolation Jointseparation that allows adjoining parts of a structure to move freely to one
another, both horizontally and vertically.
Jointsee Construction joint, Contraction joint, Isolation joint, and Expansion joint.

Limegeneral term that includes the various chemical and physical forms of quicklime,
hydrated lime, and hydraulic lime. It may be high-calcium, magnesian, or dolomitic.
Mortarmixture of cementitious materials, fine aggregate, and water, which may contain
admixtures, and is usually, used to bond masonry units.
Pavement (concrete)highway, road, street, path, or parking lot surfaced with concrete.
Although typically applied to surfaces that are used for travel, the term also applies to
storage areas and playgrounds.
Plasticizeradmixture that increases the plasticity of portland cement concrete, mortar,
grout, or plaster.
Portland cementCalcium silicate hydraulic cement produced by pulverizing portlandcement clinker, and usually containing calcium sulfate and other compounds.
Portland-pozzolan cementhydraulic cement consisting of an intimate and uniform blend
of Portland cement or portland blast-furnace slag cement and fine pozzolan produced by
intergrinding portland cement clinker and pozzolan, by blending portland cement or
portland blast-furnace slag cement and finely divided pozzolan, or a combination of
intergrinding and blending, in which the amount
Precast concreteconcrete cast in forms in a controlled environment and allowed to achieve
a specified strength prior to placement on location.
PTI Representative He/She that has the responsibilities to sign for approval and/or
acknowledge for related project as per matrix responsibilities and organizational breakdown
structures inside the PTI project.
Quality controlan action taken by a producer or contractor to provide control over what is
being done and what is being provided so that applicable standards of good practice for the
work are followed.
Ready-mixed concreteconcrete manufactured for delivery to a location in a fresh state
Reinforced concreteconcrete to which tensile bearing materials such as steel rods or metal
wires are added for tensile strength.
Retarderan admixture that delays the setting and hardening of concrete.
Scalingdisintegration and flaking of a hardened concrete surface, frequently due to
repeated freeze thaw cycles and application of deicing chemicals.
Segregationseparation of the components (aggregates and mortar) of fresh concrete,
resulting in a nonuniform mixture.
Setthe degree to which fresh concrete has lost its plasticity and hardened.

Shrinkagedecrease in either length or volume of a material resulting from changes in

moisture content, temperature, or chemical changes.
Slumpmeasure of the consistency of freshly mixed concrete, equal to the immediate
subsidence of a specimen molded with a standard slump cone.
Superplasticizer (plasticizer)admixture that increases the flowability of a fresh concrete
mixture.
Water to cement ratio (water-cement ratio and w/c)ratio of mass of water to mass of
cement in concrete.
Water reduceradmixture whose properties permit a reduction of water required to
produce a concrete mix of a certain slump, reduce water-cement ratio, reduce cement
content, or increase slump.
4.0
QUALITY CONTROL AND ASSURANCE

The contractor shall implement and maintain an approved quality control/quality assurance
system covering all testing and manufacturing equipments, materials and workmanship
used in the manufacture of the concrete.
Approved quality assurance and control system shall as minimum, comply with the
requirements of the PTI project team. Proof of a certified quality assurance system shall be
provided to project team before production of concrete to this standard commences.
PTI representative may carry out a quality audit of the contractor quality system when
required.
Contractor shall provide the PTI project team representative access to the contractor quality
procedures and records to enable monitoring and quality auditing at all times during
construction stages Random sampling and/or testing will also be carried out on the job site.
Auditing and proof testing by PTI representative shall in no way relieve the contractor of
any of the obligations under this standard specification.
5.0 GRADES OF CONCRETE

Concrete shall be in accordance with AS 1379 except where specified otherwise in the project
drawing. Drawing in this specification refers to the Release for Construction (RFC) drawing
that has been signed by PTI representative and attached in the project contract document.
Slump tolerance as shown in table 5.1 indicates value contactor shall obtain during concrete
testing as per RFC drawing specification.
Concrete application for normal concrete made with Portland Cement Type I or Type II shall
be used for interior walls, slabs, and foundations.
High early strength concrete when used shall be made with Portland Cement Type III.

Table 5.1 Grades of concrete( for basic concrete strength)

Standard
Grades
Max w/c
Ratio
21
28
35
40
0.68
0.57
0.48
0.41
Slump and
tolerance
(mm)
100 20
100 20
80 15
70 10
Compressive
Strength at 28
days Fc (Mpa)
21
28
35
41
(High early strength concrete shall only be used when specified or authorized by PTI
representative.)
Concrete for tremie slabs or site concrete if required, shall have a minimum strength of 14
Mpa at 28 days and contain a maximum of 0.82 of W/C ratio per cubic meter of concrete.
5.1 Testing
5.1.1 General
Testing of concrete supplied to this standard shall be subject to Project assessment
requirements in accordance with AS 1379 unless specified otherwise.
Laboratory tests of trial batches shall give average compressive strength at least 15%
greater than the value in table 5.1. The water cement ratios given are the maximum
value and shall not be exceeded even though the construction specimens exceed the
specified strengths and even though laboratory mixed specimens are more than 15%
higher than specified strengths. The surface water in the aggregate and water or other
liquid in the admixture shall be included as part of the mixing water in computing the
water content.
The source and designation of all materials to be used concrete construction shall be
approved by THE ENGINEER.
Types and proportions of materials used in concrete mixes are to be made known
when requested if tests are not made. All shipments of material or ready mixed
concrete shall meet the applicable specifications and a certificate to that effect must
accompany shipments.
5.1.2 Slump
Slump testing is mandatory for concrete in which test cylinders are taken. Slump
testing of concrete shall be in accordance with AS 1012.3. Any batch of concrete at
delivery that falls outside the specified limits for slump, as shown in Table 5.1 and/or
Table 5.2 will be liable for rejection. To avoid possible rejection the contractor is
advised to target the lower end of the slump range. Any concrete in which the slump is
less than the lower limit shown in the table 5.1 and/or table 5.2 may be rescued by

using superplasticiser. The upper slump limit for superplasticed concrete shall be
130mm. Concrete in which the slump is 25mm and lower shall be rejected.
Superplasticiser admixture shall refer to ASTM C1017, Type 1
Table 5.2 Recommended slumps for various type of construction using additives
5.1.3 Acceptance criteria
The strength of concrete shall be deemed to comply with this standard if it is in
accordance with AS 1379 Specification and supply of concrete.
In addition each sample tested shall have a minimum compressive strength as shown
on table 5.1
6.0 ACCEPTABILITY OF CONCRETE
6.1 MATERIALS
6.1.1 Concrete mix
Mixing water for concrete shall be fresh, clean and freed from injurious amounts
of oil, acid, alkali organic matter or other deleterious substances
Fine aggregate shall be clean and well graded. Selection of suitable material shall
be approved by THE ENGINEER.
Coarse aggregate shall consist of hard uncoated particles of gravel or of crushed
stone conforming to the latest version of ASTM C33. Crushed material shall be
free from flat pieces, dust, soft particles and foreign matter.
PTI representative shall have the right to take any samples of the materials
including cement and aggregates etc, and test them in accordance with the
10

relevant Australian standard and/or ASTM standard at anytime during supply

of concrete.
Cylinder test shall be taken from batch truck in batch plant with minimum 2
samples required in every batch for 7, 14, 21, and 28 days testing unless
notified/agreed otherwise by THE ENGINEER. The samples should not be taken
from the very first or last portion of the batch discharge. The sample should be
protected from sunlight, wind, and other sources of rapid evaporation during
sampling and testing. For cylinder test contractor shall refer to AS 1012.1 clause 7
Sampling procedure
In any case some test samples values indicate failure; Contractor shall establish
the permitted standard deviation as shown in table 6.1. If the data shown that the
standard deviation is outside the requirements then PTI representative have the
rights to reject the concrete and If PTI representative deems that the structure is
inadequate the cost of any demolition and replacement, or any remedial work
shall be borne by the responsible contractor.
Specified compressive
strength, fC , MPa
Required average
compressive strength,
Fc, MPa
Less than 21
21 to 35
Over 35
Adapted from ACI
Fc + 7.0
Fc + 8.5
1.10 Fc + 5.0
Table 6.1 (Metric) Required Average Compressive

Strength to establish Standard Deviation
6.1.2 Aggregates
Maximum size of coarse aggregate shall be as follows:
Walls 200mm (8) and less in thickness.......................................................20mm
Walls over 200mm (8) in thickness ............................................................25mm
Ground floor slab ...........................................................................................25mm
Supported ........................................................................................................20mm
Piers and pedestals ........................................................................................25mm
Pile caps and footings ...................................................................................40mm
6.1.3 Admixtures
Admixtures shall not be used without the authorization of THE ENGINEER.
Where used they shall conform to the following:
Water reducing agent (cement dispersing), WRDA equal and conforming to the
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latest ASTM Specification C 1017, Type 1.

Initial set retarding agent equal and conforming to the latest ASTM Specification
C 494
6.1.4 Steel Reinforcement
Reinforcing steel shall conform to A615M Grade 60, standard specification for
deformed billet steel bars for concrete reinforcement.
Cold drawn wire or welded wire fabric for concrete reinforcement shall conform
to the requirements of the latest Specification ASTM A185 for Welded Steel Wire
Fabric.
Reinforcing steel shall be detailed and fabricated in accordance with CRSI
(Concrete Reinforcing Steel Institute) Manual of Standard practice.
6.1.5 Storage of Materials
Cement shall be stored in weather tight buildings or storage containers which
will provide protection from dampness and contamination. Caked or partly set
cement shall be rejected.
Fine and coarse aggregates shall be stored separately. Aggregate shall be placed
and used so inclusion of dirt or other deleterious material is avoided.
Reinforcing steel shall be placed on cribbing to prevent contact with the soil and
shall be stored in an area not subject to heavy traffic or temporary flooding which
might damage or coat the bar surface with mud or muck.
6.1.6 Mixing and Delivery
All mixing water shall be added to the concrete mix only at the plant.
The concrete aggregates are to be measured by weight in the proportions
determined from the approved design of mix. Accurate weighing equipment
shall be provided for the proper weighing of materials to ensure accurate
measuring equipment shall be regularly calibrated.
The temperature of individual materials shall not exceed 49oC (140oF). When
placed in the mixer and the resultant mixture shall never exceed 32oC (90oF).
Mixing at site or central mixing plant shall be machine-mixed in a batch mixer.
The mixer shall be capable of combining the aggregates, cement, and water into a
uniform mass within the minimum time of discharging the mixture without
segregation. For batch plant mixers; the mixer shall be charged so that water will
enter the mixer over the full period of charging, beginning just before and ending
just after the dry materials are added. The mixer shall rotate at the rotation speed
recommended by the manufacturer. Concrete shall be mixed only in quantities
required for current use; any concrete which has set so that it cannot be placed
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properly shall not be used.

The mixer shall be equipped with a suitable charging hopper, water storage
space, and a water-measuring device. The water shall be started only while the
mixer is being charged. After all materials are in the mixer, the batch shall be
mixed the required time. After mixing, the entire content of the drum shall be
discharged. The mixer shall be cleaned at suitable intervals.
Plant mixed concrete will not be accepted if it is transported to the worksite in
non-agitating equipment. The transporting units and any associated equipment
shall be kept clean and in good mechanical repair.
For dry mix concrete design is allowed for some cases with conditions as per
approval from PTI representative and will be consider as a variation of approved
mix (see clause 6.2.2). Dry mix design requirements and condition as follows:
Delivery time from PTI batching plant to construction site is more than 3
hours
All aggregates, cements and water is separated prior to mixing stages
Contractor shall calculate the water content required for dry mix concrete
admixtures as per drawing requirements and shall be approved /
acknowledge by PTI engineer prior to batching the concrete
Dry mix concrete shall be batched using a rotating mobile mixer
equipment (agitating type) with minimum batching production capacity of
1/8 cu.meter
Contractor is responsible for the slump test and this shall be taken each
time batching is completed. For slump result refer to Table 5.1
Contractor shall be responsible for the concrete compressive strength test
result as per drawing requirements
Cylinder test shall be taken for each 2 cu.meter of concrete batch.
Rejection of the concrete result as per clause 9.0 will also be applied in this
dry mix design.
Centrally-Mixed concrete shall be transported to the site in a haulage unit
equipped with a suitable-type agitator operating at a speed of not less than 2 rpm
or more than 6 rpm. The volume of concrete in each load shall not exceed the
manufacturer's normal rated capacity of the equipment.
Concrete shall be conveyed from the mixer to point of placement as rapidly as
possible. See clause 7.4 for placing concrete.
The re-tempering concrete which has partially hardened, that is the re-mixing of
concrete with or without additional cement, aggregate, or water will not be
13

allowed, and any concrete subjected to this treatment will be rejected.

The contractor shall keep a record of each batch of concrete supplied, providing a
relevant information of the wet concrete such as total water addition, slump,
water cement ratio (w/c) etc, and also indicating adjustments in the batch
weights as a consequence of corrections made due to variations in the moisture
condition and absorptive characteristics of the aggregates.
All aggregate and concrete testing by PTI representative (see also clause 5.1 and
6.1) will be carried out at PTI batching plant facility.
6.2 MIX ACCEPTANCE
6.2.1 Approved mix
A concrete mix approved by both PTI (project team) and Contractor shall become
the Approved mix for the period of construction. It shall not be altered without
any written approval of the PTI representative.
6.2.2 Variation of Approved Mix
If the contractor requires to vary the approved mix they are required to notify the
PTI representative in writing of the reason for the proposed variation, the
proposed mix details together with compressive strength and slump test results
conducted on trial mixes showing that the concrete mix proposed is in
accordance with project requirements. The contractor shall not vary the concrete
mix until he/she receives the approval of PTI representative in writing.
6.3 ADMIXTURES
6.3.1 Water reducing
The contractor may use a water-reducing admixture in the concrete. The waterreducing admixture shall be in accordance with AS 1478 and/or ASTM C 494 and
shall be approved by PTI representative. Suitable water-reducing admixtures
shall be an essential ingredient of the approved mix design. Contractor shall
submit details of the manufacture and type they intend to use for approval.
6.3.2 Superplasticiser
PTI representative may permit the use of approved high range water-reducing
admixtures (superplasticisers) in special circumstances (see clause 5.1.2) but they
shall not constitute an essential ingredient of the approved mix design. Additions
shall only be made at the site. Dosage rates shall be predetermined, recorded, and
controlled by contractor to avoid any overshooting the slump and to eliminate
possible segregation
14

6.3.3 Accelerator admixtures

The contractor may use a concrete accelerator admixture into the concrete. This
admixture agent shall refer to ASTM C494. The acceptance test of accelerator
agents in to the concrete shall consider shrinkage control; corrosion control to the
steel reinforcement; potential scaling. Contractor shall treat the steel
reinforcement as per clause 7.2. This concrete mix modification shall be treated as
variation of approved mix (see clause 6.2.2).
6.3.4 Retarder
In some condition contractor may use the concrete retarder agent as per PTI
representative approval and shall be recorded as variation of approved mix (see
clause 6.2.2). Contractor shall control the shrinkage in concrete that may happen
during curing time. Therefore acceptance test of retarders should be made with
actual materials under anticipated job conditions.
6.3.5 Other Admixtures
No other admixtures shall be used unless approved or requested in writing by
PTI representative. This also shall be recorded as variation of approved mix (see
clause 6.2.2)
Addition sequences and dosage rates of all admixtures shall be as per
manufacturers instructions.
7.0
INSTALLATION OF CONCRETE AND RELATED WORK

7.1 FORMWORK
7.1.1 Materials
The same kind of forms shall be used for all similarly exposed surfaces to produce a
uniform appearance
7.1.2
Construction
1 Forms shall be mortar-tight and sufficiently rigid to prevent displacement or

sagging between supports. Form surface shall be smooth and free from
irregularities, dents, sags, or holes. Joints in formwork shall be in alignment both
horizontally and vertically when used for permanently exposed faces.
2 Bolts and rods used for internal ties shall be arranged so that when forms are
removed, all metal shall be at least 40 mm from any concrete surface. Wire ties
will not be permitted where the concrete surface will be exposed to weathering,
and discoloration will be objectionable. All forms shall be constructed so that they
can be removed without hammering or prying against the concrete.
3 Openings shall be provided at the base of the column, pier and at sufficient
15

intervals at the base of wall forms to allow for cleaning and inspection.
4 All formwork and centering shall be thoroughly cleaned before re-using. All
possible care shall be taken in the formwork to produce surfaces free from
honeycomb and other defects.
5 All inserts, nailing strips, anchor slots, grounds etc., shall be built into the
concrete.
6 Edges of exposed surfaces shall have a 20mm chamfer unless otherwise shown or
noted.
7 Anchor bolt material shall be approved by PTI representative prior to installation;
this also covers the site preparation, dimension and sizes etc. This term also
applies to the installation of a new anchor bolt to an existing concrete plinth or
any place mentioned in the drawings.
7.1.3 Coating
Before placing steel reinforcement or concrete, forms for exposed surfaces shall be
coated with non staining mineral oil. Forms for unexposed surfaces may be
thoroughly wetted in lieu of oiling immediately before placing the concrete.
7.1.4 Removing and Bracing and Shoring
Shoring and bracing shall remain in place until concrete has achieved sufficient
strength to safely permit removal.
7.2 Steel Reinforcing
1 All chairs, ties, bootees, and spacers required to properly install reinforcing steel
shall be provided as necessary. All accessories shall be furnished and installed in
accordance with Manual of Standard Practice for Detailing Reinforced Concrete
Structures as published by the Concrete Reinforcing Steel Institute.
2 Before being positioned, metal reinforcement shall be free from loose mill and
rust scale and from coatings such as mud or muck that would destroy or reduce
the effectiveness of the bond. Where there is delay in depositing concrete,
reinforcement shall be re-inspected and cleaned when necessary.
3 Metal reinforcement shall be accurately positioned and secured against
displacement by using annealed iron wire ties not less than 1.6mm (16 gauge) or
suitable clips at not less than every third intersection. Reinforcement shall be
supported by concrete or plastic supports, spacer, or hangers. Where indicated on
the drawings or required by this specification, clips or supports shall not be placed
in contact with the forms. No wood blocks or red brick spacers or chairs shall be
used.
4 The minimum clear distance between parallel bars, except in columns, shall be
equal to the nominal diameter of the bars. In no case shall the clear distance
16

between bars be less than 25mm (1), nor less than and 1.5 times the maximum
size of coarse aggregate. Where reinforcement in beams or girders is placed in two
or more layers, the clear distance between layers shall not be less than 25mm (1),
and bars in the upper layers shall be placed directly above those in the bottom
layer.
5 At those surfaces of footings and other principal structural members in which the
concrete is deposited directly against the ground, metal reinforcement shall have a
minimum covering as per AS 3600- Section 4.0 Design for durability
6 Reinforcing bars shall be placed in accordance with the drawings. Spliced bars
shall be placed in contact and wired. Splices shall be staggered. Where it is
necessary to splice reinforcement at points other than shown on the drawings, the
detail of the splice shall be approved by THE ENGINEER.
7 Exposed reinforcement intended for bonding with future extensions shall be
coated with a bitumastic type material or greased and wrapped with burlap and
tied.
8 For some cases steel reinforcement shall be treated using paint protection prior to
concrete pouring to avoid any corrosion due to industrial climate, marine climate,
and the using of calcium chloride in accelerator admixtures of concrete (see AS
3600-Section 4.9). For coating thickness protection shall be advice by paint
manufacture. PTI representative shall be informed for approval or acknowledge.
9 Minimum steel reinforcement requirements for installation shall refer to AS 3600
section 13, PTI representative shall have the rights to reject the steel reinforcement
inspection report if he/she deems that the installation is not comply with the
standard.
7.3 Preparation.
1 A competent and experienced foreman shall be in charge of pouring operations at
all times, and pouring of concrete shall not be started in any locations until the
foreman has ascertained that the framework, reinforcing steel screens, and the
placing of sleeves and inserts meet the requirements of the plans and
specifications. The foreman shall also make certain that all other work required to
be built into the concrete has been placed, including electrical and mechanical
work.
2 The space in which concrete is to be placed shall be free of all debris and
pounding or flowing water. The surfaces against which the concrete is to be
placed shall be clean and moist
3 The concrete surfaces to which a bond is to be secured shall be rough and free
from loose material or other matter interfering with a satisfactory bond. The
surfaces shall be wet, scrubbed with steel brushes or brooms, kept damp and
thoroughly brushed with a thin layer of mortar immediately prior to the
placement of concrete. The mortar shall have the same cement-sand ratio as the
17

concrete.
4 A minimum thickness of blinding concrete is 50mm. Contractor can also use
plastic sheets to replace the blinding concrete. Material selection for plastic sheets
shall be approved by PTI representative prior to installation and shall be recorded
for quality control document.
5 Water shall be removed from the space to be occupied by the concrete before
concrete is placed. Any flow of water into excavation shall be diverted through
proper side drains to a sump or shall be removed by other approved methods
which will avoid washing the freshly deposited concrete.
7.4 Placing of concrete.
1 Concrete shall be placed before initial set has occurred and never after cement has
been mixed with either water or aggregates for more than 60 minutes, except in
cases where an approved retarder has been included in the design mix
2 All concrete shall be deposited in approximately horizontal layers not more than
600mm (24) thick. The concreting shall be carried on as a continuous operation as
far as practicable until the placing of the course, section, panel, or monolith is
complete. No concrete shall be deposited on other concrete that has hardened
sufficiently to cause the formation of seams and planes of weakness within the
section. If a section cannot be placed continuously, construction joints shall be
located and made as approved by THE ENGINEER. The concrete placement shall
be planned and managed to match the critical capacity of production/supply
and/or placement.
3 Concrete shall be placed with the aid of approved mechanical vibrating
equipment. Vibration shall be transmitted directly to the concrete unless otherwise
directed. The frequency of vibration shall be not less than 5000 cycles per minute.
The intensity of vibration shall be sufficient to cause consolidation of the concrete
in place. The vibration shall be of sufficient duration to accomplish through
compaction. External vibration may be used for thin sections when internal
vibration would be impracticable. Vibration shall be supplemented by forking or
spading by hand adjacent to the forms on exposed faces in order to secure smooth,
dense, even surfaces. The concrete shall be compacted and worked in an approved
manner into all corners and angles of the forms and around reinforcement and
embedded fixtures. Care should be taken not to over-vibrate causing segregation
of the concrete
4 When dropping concrete through reinforcement, care shall be taken that no
segregation of the coarse aggregate occurs. There shall be no free vertical drop
greater than 1.5 meters (5) unless elephant trunks are used. When the
congestion of steel near the forms makes placing difficult, a mortar of the same
cement-sand ratio used in the concrete shall be deposited first to cover the forms.
In the case of walls, columns, or units of considerable height, concrete shall not be
dropped from the top, but provisions shall be made for placing concrete through
openings left in the forms for this purpose. Chutes shall not be used for placing
concrete except for short distances, and only with the approval of THE
18

ENGINEER. When permitted, chutes shall be made of metal, or metal lined, of

such design as to permit the continuous flow of concrete without segregation and
shall be placed on a slope not flatter than one (1) vertical to two (2) horizontal.
5 Accumulation of water on the surface of the concrete due to water gain,
segregation, or other causes during placement and compacting shall be prevented
as far as possible by adjustments in the mixture.
6 Exposed top surfaces of foundations, piers, footings, walls, and similar structures
shall be accurately leveled off and given a wood float finish except where grout is
to be added, provide a rough surface, or where plans or specifications provide
otherwise.
7 Suitable bulkheads with key ways shall be provided in the vertical construction
joints and elsewhere as directed or specified.
8 Concrete for tremie slabs shall be placed with a tremie bucket or pipe so as limit
the mixing of the concrete with the water in the sump area. Care shall be taken to
ensure a reasonably level surface of the entire slab after completion of pouring.
9 The tremie pipe shall be water tight and large enough to allow a free flow of
concrete. It shall be kept filled with concrete at all times while depositing. The
concrete shall be discharged and spread by moving the tremie so as to maintain as
uniform a flow as practicable. If the charge is lost while depositing, the tremie
shall be withdrawn and refilled.
7.5 Curing
Fresh concrete shall be protected from heavy rains, flowing water, and mechanical
injury. All concrete shall be kept wet for a period of not less than seven days by
covering with water, with an approved water saturated covering or by a system of
perforated pipes of mechanical sprinklers or any other approved method, which will
keep all surfaces continuously ( not periodically ) wet. Wood forms left in place for
curing shall be kept wet at all times to prevent opening at the joints and drying out of
concrete. Water for curing shall be generally clean and entirely free from any
element which might cause staining or discoloration of the concrete.
7.6 Membrane Curing
1 Concrete roads, sidewalks, pavements and finished concrete floors may be cured
by the application of a liquid membrane curing compound in lieu of curing
described above if authorized by THE ENGINEER.
2 After finishing operations have been completed and immediately after the free
water has left the surface, the slab shall be completely coated and sealed with a
uniform layer of membrane curing compound conforming to the Specification of
Liquid Membrane-Forming Compounds for curing concrete (ASTM C 309) Type 1
or Type 4. Type 1 compound shall not be used on surfaces which are to receive
waterproofing, resilient floor covering, painted or finished with metallic hardeners
or color. Type 4 compound may be used on surfaces which are to receive
19

waterproofing. The compound shall be applied in a continuous, uniform film by an

approved method in complete accordance with manufacturer's specification.
3 If rain falls on the newly coated pavement before the film has dried sufficiently to
resist damage or if the film is damaged in any other way, a new coat of material
shall be applied to the affected areas equal in curing value to that specified for the
original coat.
4 The treated surface shall be protected from injury for a period of at least seven
days. Foot or other traffic necessary to continued work will be permitted on the
dried film provided any damage to the film is immediately repaired by the
application of another coat of the compound.
5 Sufficient preliminary curing, with wetted burlap or cotton coverings, shall be
supplied as specified in clause 7.5, for pavement to be membrane cured in case of
delays in the curing operation.
7.7 Weather Protection
1 Hot Weather: When necessary, arrangements for installation of windbreaks,
shading, fog spraying, sprinkling, pounding, or wet covering of a light color shall
be made in advance of placement, and such protective measures shall be taken as
quickly as placing and finishing operations will allow.
7.8 Finishing Concrete Surfaces
1
All concrete work exposed to view, on the outside as well as inside, shall be
pointed smooth. Forms shall be removed as soon as possible after pouring; all
projections shall be cut away and all depressions, air holes and other roughness
pointed up with a mixture of one-half cement and one-half silica sand (50:50 mix)
while the concrete is still fresh. Surfaces shall be thoroughly wetted before
pointing. All rough spots or surfaces shall be rubbed smooth with carborundum
stone and water and left uniform in color and free from cement drippings. Only
rubbing necessary to produce smooth surfaces free from form marks, cement
drippings or their defects shall be done. For more detail in surface finishing
please refer to clause 8.0
Fill in all holes and openings left in the concrete for steel, piping, sleeves, and
other Work. Such parts shall be filled with concrete unless otherwise detailed.
After the work of other trades is in place. All filling shall be neat, and flush with
adjacent surfaces.
Floor slabs where a hardened, lightened, dustproof surface is indicated on

drawings shall be treated as indicated on the drawings. Proprietary products
shall be applied in strict accordance with the manufacturers specifications.
Concrete surface finish shall refer to PTI design requirements; maximum

tolerance for design concrete surface finishing shall refer to AS 3600 and/or 3610.
PTI representative shall have the rights to reject the work if he/she deems that
20

the result is not meet with the design requirements; the recommended tolerance
for concrete finishes shall refer to AS 3600 as shown in table 7.1. Contractor shall
submits the reports to PTI representative for approval or acknowledge.
MEMBER
Footings
Concealed
Exposed
Slabs
Columns and Walls
TOLERANCE ON:
Position/Size
Surface Quality
Maximum deviation from

any specified height, plan
or
cross-sectional
dimension to be the
greater of 1/200 times
specified dimension or 5
mm (1).
As for concealed above
plus
Maximum
deviation from plumb to
be the greater of 1/200
times specified dimension
or 5 mm(1, 2);
Absolute position to be
within
15
mm
horizontally.
Maximum deviation from
any specified height, plan
or
cross-sectional
dimension to be the
greater of 1/200 times
specified
Dimension or 5 mm (1).
Surface level To be
within
10
mm
of
specified level.
Position 15 mm of
specified position.
Plumb
plumb.
10
mm
of
Maximum deviation of any point

on the surface from a straight
line joining any two points on
the surface to be the greater of
1/250 times length of the line or
10 mm(1).
Class 4(3), or higher.
Exposed edges to be Class 3(3) or

2
(Maximum).
Flatness
Maximum deviation from a 3-m

straightedge placed anywhere
on the surface: 12 mm (4).
Concealed elements Class 4(3).

Elements with applied finishes
Class (3) to be specified to
provide appropriate substrate.
Elements viewed as a whole
Class 3(3).
Architectural elements
As appropriate for type of

member.
21
Elements viewed in detail

Class 2(3).
Class 1, 2 or 3(3, 4).

External Pavements
(driveways, footpaths,
patios and other
pedestrian pavements)
Surface level
Non-graded pavement:
10 mm of specified
level.
Graded pavement: 10
mm of a straight line
between control points.
Control points at top
and bottom of graded
pavement: 10 mm of
specified level.
Flatness Maximum deviation

from a
3-m
straightedge
placed
anywhere on the pavement: 12
mm.
Thickness Maximum
deviation to be the greater
of 1/200 times specified
thickness or 5 mm (1).
Industrial pavements
Surface level To be within

10 mm of specified level.
Thickness Maximum
deviation to be the greater
of 1/200 times specified
thickness or 5 mm (1).
Flatness and levelness

Finishing
method/Pavement
type
Bull floated
Straight edged (6)
Flat
Very Flat
3-m
straightedge
tolerance
Maximum
deviations (mm)
12
8
6
3
Notes
1 In accordance with AS 3600.
2 If a Class 2 or 3 finish in accordance with AS 3610 is specified, the associated plumb tolerances apply.
3 In accordance with AS 3610.
4 a tighter tolerance may be required for some floor finishes, e.g. tiled, vinyl, polished.
5 As measured by the F-Meter method described on p2; see Table 1 for straightedge-tolerance equivalents.
6 Refers to a finishing process in which a long straightedge (3 to 4 m) is drawn across the surface transverse
to the direction of screeding to remove undulations in the transverse direction.
Table 7.1 Recommended Tolerances
7.9 Joints
7.9.1
Construction Joints
a. Construction joints shall be provided where shown on the drawings or as directed

by THE ENGINEER.
b. The procedure for bonding new concrete to existing concrete shall be as specified
in clause 7.3.3. All construction joints shall be keyed.
22

c. Reinforcement shall be continuous through the joint.

d. Water stops shall be as shown on contract drawings. The surface shall be clean
and free from oily substances. Concrete placed around the water-stops shall be
vibrated carefully to insure that the concrete completely surrounds the water
stops without the formation of air pockets or honeycomb.
Picture 7.1 Construction joints type

7.9.2 Expansion Joints
a. Expansion joints shall be provide in locations shown on contract drawings and
constructed of asphalt-impregnated fiberboard conforming to ASTM D1751 and
sealed with a poured joint sealer, or as otherwise detailed.
b. In no case shall reinforcement be continues through the joint.
23

c. Water stops shall be installed at expansion joints where required in accordance

with clause 7.9.1d
d. Pre molded non-extruding fiber expansion joint material conforming to ASTM
D1751 shall be placed at locations indicated on the drawings. Material shall extend
full depth of slab unless noted otherwise.
Picture 7.2 Expansion joint

7.9. 3 Control Joints
a. Control joints shall be provided in accordance with good engineering practice and
in locations shown on contract drawings and formed by using a tool or saw cut
and sealed with a poured joint sealer.
b. Reinforcing shall be continuous through the joint
Addjointsealer
compound
Picture 7.3 Control joints
24

7.9.4 Joint sealer

GAS pressure grade joint sealer manufactured by Sika Chemical Co. or an approved
equal shall be applied at joints as required and in accordance with the
manufacturer's recommendations. Concrete surfaces of joints shall be clean and free
from moisture. Surfaces of concrete are to be primed as recommended by
manufacturer of joint sealer.
7.10 Grouting
1 Grout under base plates for mechanical equipment supports and bedding plates to
receive heavy equipment shall be a no-shrink metallic grouting proprietary
product from a recognized supplier. Use of grout shall be approved by the
ENGINEER in advance of application and shall be placed in accordance with
manufacturer's recommendations. Minimum requirements for grouts material
shall refer to ASTM C 1107
2 Grout under column base plates shall be one part Portland cement and two parts
sand using a maximum of water / cement ratio of 0.53:1.
8.0 SLAB FINISHES
8.1 Unformed Finish
For the Unformed surface the contractor is not required to provide formwork to provide
either shape of finish to the surface however this work shall have the approval from the PTI
engineer prior to the work.
This category of concrete surface finish extends to all floors, pavings, slabs and inverts.
These surfaces remain exposed when concrete casting is completed. The surface results from
screed, float or trowel action, and texture sometimes provided by additional measures such
as brooming, raking, grinding or scabbling. There are eleven standard finishes specified in
the code. They relate primarily to the texture required for the surface to perform its intended
function. The derivation of a particular class of finish frequently requires the surface to
proceed through lesser classes (i.e. a U5 broomed finish is usually screeded to Class U1 and
floated to Class U2 prior to the final texture being applied. The classifications for unformed
finishes are shown in Table 8.1
25

Class
Finish
U1
Screeded
U2
Floated
U3
Trowelled
U4
Machine
U5
U7
Shallow
Textured
Deep
textured
Grooved
U8
Grooved
U9
Scrabbled
U10
Special
textured
Ground
Finish
U6
U11
Technique
Examples
Hand sawing motion with straight-edge or Finishes covered by backfill or concrete, footpaths, yards and driveways. First stage for placement.
mechanical vibrating screed
Wood or bull float, or both. Generally manual As for U1 where a higher standard of finish is required. Floors to receive carpets with underlay or similar
but power driven equipment may be used
coverings, inverts of siphons, flumes, floors of canal structures, spillways outlet works and stilling basins.
Surfaces which are intended for use by ambulant disabled or wheelchair-bound persons.
Manual or mechanical steel trowelling of Direct wearing floors such as in factories, warehouses and processing plants, Floors to receive thin sheet
floated finish after concrete is sufficiently coverings, carpet and similar coverings. Inverts of water, tunnels and tunnel spillways. Not generally used
hardened to prevent excess fine material and for pedestrian or vehicular traffic where a smooth finish should be dangerous in icy or wet conditions. Is not
water being worked to the surface, may be suitable even when dry, for surfaces which are intended for use by ambulant disabled or wheelchair-bound
done in one or two stages depending on degree persons.
of smoothness required
Vibrating or oscillating screed or vibrating Used for durability where resistance to erosion and cavitations under action of high velocity water is
plate, or both, which may be supplemented by especially required; and as firsts and second stage finishing for roads and airfield pavements prior to
long handled metal, wooden, or rubber floats.
texturing with U5, U6 and U8 finishes.
Hard or soft bristled brooms.
Footpaths, yards, driveways, roads, pavements for aircraft.
Wire broom or rubber tyning.
Surface to receive a subsequent textured bonded concrete topping. Roads and runways where greater
frictional resistances are required than can be obtained by U5 finish.
Saw cutting or flailing by mechanical means.
Treatment to existing roads and runways to provide frictional resistance and drainage paths for run-off to
minimize aquaplaning.
Mechanical grooving the fresh concrete surface Roads and runways.
after compaction and surface screeding
techniques.
Mechanical hammering of hardened concrete.
Can be used on any pavement surface to produce a textured effect or to reduce high surfaces to the correct
level or to rectify out-of-tolerance pavements.
The use of equipment to give special effects.
Architectural effects on pavements and slabs, produced by rollers with drums of expanded mental, or
profiled tempers on screed boards, and the like.
Low speed coarse stone grinding to remove Direct wearing floors such as in warehouses.
thin weak surface layers/minor ridges and to
produce and even 'glass paper' textured
surface, that is, not a polished surface. Used as
a second stage finish to U2, approximately 3648 hours after laying.
Table 8.1 Classes of floor, exterior pavement, and invert finishes
26

8.2 Formed Finish

A formed surface shall be provided as per PTI engineering design requirements;
contractor shall provide the shape and texture/finish to the concrete. The acceptability
quality of the formed surface shall refer to AS 3610 (see table 7.2). PTI representative
shall be informed for approval.
QUALITY OF SURFACE
FINISH
1. Blowholes
2. Form face deflection
3. Face Step
Class 1
Class 2
Class 3
Class 4
Class 5
Refer photographs in AS 3610 for

N/A
N/A
examples
Lesser of
Lesser of Greater of
Greater of N/A
2mm or
2mm or 3mm or
3mm or
span/360
span/270 span/270
span/270
Tolerance for straight elements with smooth surface, in
millimeters
% of readings
90 10
0
2 3
80 100
70 100
70
100
Within the element
95 10
0
1 2
At insitu construction joints
4. Surface undulation**
l =300
[a-b]
L=1500
[a-b]
10
10
10
10
15
3 < height < 8 m

6 8
8 10
10 12
*
*
*
(not applicable to precast
concrete)
Notes:
* Limited by AS 3600
** a and b are respectively the maximum and minimum distances from the straightedge
5. Flatness
1.25 m grid
At 5m over 10m
(not applicable to precast
concrete)
6. Out of Plumb
Height < 3m
Table 8.2 Acceptable quality of formed surface (after AS 3610)

9.0 REJECTION
Concrete that is not accordance with this specification will be rejected by PTI representative.
In particular, PTI representative will reject a load of concrete if:
28

1 Not mixed as per drawing design requirements

2 Significant variations to the current nominated mix are found by PTI representative,
or slump measured at delivery as specified in Clause 5.1.2 are out side the specified
limits in Table 5.1 and/or 5.2
3 Maximum 60 minutes have elapsed since water was first added to the dry
ingredients
4 Delivered to worksite in non-agitating transport equipment or by a method not
accordance with AS 1379
5 The temperature of the concrete exceeds 320 C
6 Statements of compliance is not provided at time of delivery
7 The acceptability of concrete is not referring to section 6.0 and 7.0 for pre-pouring
and pouring stages.
8 Concrete finish is not referring to section 8.0 for slab finishes
If 28 days characteristic compressive strength test done by PTI representative indicate that
hardened concrete (i.e.: that that has been laid) is not in accordance with the drawing
specification required, PTI representative will examine all concrete structures affected in
accordance with methods specified in AS 1379. If PTI representative deems that the structure
is inadequate the cost of any demolition and replacement, or any remedial work shall be
borne by the responsible contractor.
The statement of compliance (see clause 10.0) from contractor will not be accepted and will
not be valid anymore if the test result indicating that contractor is failed to do the work as per
drawing specification required.
10.0 STATEMENT OF COMPLIANCE
The contractor shall provide to PTI representative at time of delivery a statement of compliance
with each load of concrete delivered which shall state that the batch delivered is in compliance
with the approved design mix
Contractor shall also provide a report with each load of concrete delivered, on which the
following information shall be recorded:
1.
Date of delivery
2.
Grade of concrete and delivery
3.
Cement type and cement content (kg/m3)
4.
Water cement ratio (free water after allowing absorption of aggregates)
5.
Plant at which concrete mix was batched
6.
Quantity of concrete in delivery vehicle
7.
Time vehicle left batching plant
29

8.
Time vehicle start unloading concrete at worksite
9.
Time discharge of load was completed
10. Place concrete was delivered
30

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PT.

INTERNATIONAL NICKEL INDONESIA

Specification Number CSP003 rev.1

Release for construction

CODE AND STANDARD

QUALITY CONTROL AND ASSURANCE

PT. INTERNATIONAL NICKEL INDONESIA

Specification Number CSP003 rev.1

8.1 Un-formed finish

PT. INTERNATIONAL NICKEL INDONESIA

Specification Number CSP003 rev.1

CODES AND STANDARDS

: Methods of testing concrete

PT. INTERNATIONAL NICKEL INDONESIA

Specification Number CSP003 rev.1

PT. INTERNATIONAL NICKEL INDONESIA

Specification Number CSP003 rev.1

Durabilityability of Portland cement concrete, mortar, grout, or plaster to resist

PT. INTERNATIONAL NICKEL INDONESIA

Specification Number CSP003 rev.1

PT. INTERNATIONAL NICKEL INDONESIA

Specification Number CSP003 rev.1

Shrinkagedecrease in either length or volume of a material resulting from changes in

QUALITY CONTROL AND ASSURANCE

5.0 GRADES OF CONCRETE

PT. INTERNATIONAL NICKEL INDONESIA

Specification Number CSP003 rev.1

Table 5.1 Grades of concrete( for basic concrete strength)

PT. INTERNATIONAL NICKEL INDONESIA

Specification Number CSP003 rev.1

PT. INTERNATIONAL NICKEL INDONESIA

Specification Number CSP003 rev.1

relevant Australian standard and/or ASTM standard at anytime during supply

Table 6.1 (Metric) Required Average Compressive

PT. INTERNATIONAL NICKEL INDONESIA

Specification Number CSP003 rev.1

latest ASTM Specification C 1017, Type 1.

PT. INTERNATIONAL NICKEL INDONESIA

Specification Number CSP003 rev.1

properly shall not be used.

PT. INTERNATIONAL NICKEL INDONESIA

Specification Number CSP003 rev.1

allowed, and any concrete subjected to this treatment will be rejected.

PT. INTERNATIONAL NICKEL INDONESIA

Specification Number CSP003 rev.1

6.3.3 Accelerator admixtures

INSTALLATION OF CONCRETE AND RELATED WORK

1 Forms shall be mortar-tight and sufficiently rigid to prevent displacement or

PT. INTERNATIONAL NICKEL INDONESIA

Specification Number CSP003 rev.1

7 Anchor bolt material shall be approved by PTI representative prior to installation;

PT. INTERNATIONAL NICKEL INDONESIA

Specification Number CSP003 rev.1

PT. INTERNATIONAL NICKEL INDONESIA

Specification Number CSP003 rev.1

PT. INTERNATIONAL NICKEL INDONESIA

Specification Number CSP003 rev.1

ENGINEER. When permitted, chutes shall be made of metal, or metal lined, of

PT. INTERNATIONAL NICKEL INDONESIA

Specification Number CSP003 rev.1

waterproofing. The compound shall be applied in a continuous, uniform film by an

Floor slabs where a hardened, lightened, dustproof surface is indicated on