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Unit 1
THE ALPHABET
El alfabeto Ingls est compuesto de 26 letras
ABCDE-FGHIJKLMNOPQ-RSTUVWXY
-Z
Agrupo las letras de acuerdo al sonido:
Ei :
ajh-k
I:
bcdegptv
E:
flmnsxz
Ai:
iyIu:
quw
Ou: o
Ar:
r
THE GREETINGS
Hi
: hola (informal)
Hello
: hola
Good morning
: buen da
Good afternoon
: buenas tarde
Good Evening
: buenas noches ( al llegar )
Good Night
: buenas noches
How are you?
: Cmo est/s/n?
How do you do?
: Cmo le va?
Nice to meet you
: gusto o placer en conocerte
Im glad to meet you : encantado en conocerte
Very well, thank you : muy bin gracias
Fine, thank you
: bin gracias
See you later
: nos vemos mas tarde
See you tomorrow : nos vemos maana
Until tomorrow
: hasta maana
Good bye
: Adios
Bye-bye
: chau chau
What is your name? : cual es tu nombre?
My name is: mi nombre es
What is your surname last name family name?
My surname is..
How do you spell your name?: Como se deletrea tu nombre?
Useful expressions and commands (part 1)
Repeat: repitan
All together:
Again: otra vez
Be quiet: silencio
Stand up:
May I go to the bathroom?:
Did you finish?: terminaron
Listen: escuchen
Bring me some chalks, please:
.notebook
.scientist
.............class
.elephant
.pen
.insect
The car:
The pencils:
VERB TO BE
The present form of BE express facts about the present.
Affirmative
I am
You are
He is
She is
It is
We are
You are
They are
Interrogative
am I?
Are You?
Negative
I am not
You are not
Contracted form
Im not
You arent
Complete with the correct form of the verb to be and Translate to Spanish
1- A donkey..an animal
2- We.. students
3- The dog intelligent
4- It .a pencil
She is a singer
They are good students
2- She is a secretary
3- He is a pilot
5- Manolo and Rolando are in Bogot.
7- They are in Europe
8- Laura is beautiful
10- I am in the English class
CONTRACTIONS WITH BE
PLURAL OF NOUNS
Rules
1- Most plurals are formed by adding s to the simple form ( La mayora de los sustantivos en Ingls se
pluralizan agregandles directamente s )
Example: Book = books
2- When a word ends in y but is preceded by a consonant, the y is changed to i and es is
added. (Cuando un sustantivo termina en y pero esta precedida de una consonante se cambia la
y por i y se agrega es. )
Example: party = parties
3-When a word ends in y but is preceded by a vowel is not changed. (Cuando una palabra termina
en y pero esta precedida de una vocal se agrega directamente s.)
Example: day = days
4- When a word ends in : ss sh ch x o is added es . ( A los sustantivos que termina en :
ss sh ch x o se les agrega es para pluralizarlos.)
Example. Tomato = tomatoes
5- When a word ends in f fe is changed by ves. (Cuando la palabra termina en f fe
se cambia la f fe por ves)
Example: leaf (hoja) = leaves
6- Irregular plural forms: there are only a few, the most common are:
Existen sustantivos irregulares, es decir que no siguen la regla y tienen forma propia, los ms
comunes son los siguientes:
Foot (pie) = feet (pies)
tooth (diente) = teeth (dientes)
ox (buey) oxen (Bueyes)
Mouse (ratn) = mice (ratones)
man (hombre) = men (hombres)
Woman (mujer) = women (mujeres)
child (nio) = children (nios)
Write the plural of these nouns Escribe el plural de estos sustantivos
Glass horse lady day - baby camera mouse - watch country half actress hero
potato flower knife dish child woman key pen 1- + s
2- y + ies
3- y + s
4 f-fe= ves
boy
thief (ladrn)
sandwich
door
5- x-o-ss-sh-ch= es
man
pencil
party
computers
6- Irregular
library
book
gate
shoe
Search in newspapers and magazines 5 nouns, and then pluralize it. Use a dictionary to translate the
word in English.
THE DEMOSTRATIVES
Singular
This ( Este esta esto )
That ( aquel aquella/o )
Plural
these: (estos estas )
those: ( aquellos aquellas )
This and These refer to people or things close or near to the speaker.
This and These para referirse a personas o cosas que estn cerca del hablante
That and Those refer to people or things which are some distance from the speaker.
That y Those para referirse a personas o cosas que estn lejos del que habla.
This and That are singular in number and are used to modify singular nouns.
This y That estn en nmero singular y son usados para modificar sustantivos singulares.
These and those are plural in number and are used to modify plural nouns.
These y Those son de nmero plural y son usados para modificar sustantivos plurales
Translate to Spanish
This is a box:
This is a chair:
This lesson is easy:
This is my hat:
That is a table:
These students are busy:
That is my house:
Those students are tired:
These seats are comfortable: That is my sister:
Those twins are my brothers:
THE PREPOSITIONS ( IN ON - AT )
Las 3 preposiciones significan en, pero con diferencias al utilizarlas.
IN: en ( dentro de algo )
Example: We are in the classroom ( Ntros. estamos en la clase )
ON: en ( sobre algo, en contacto con una superficie )
Example: The book is on the table ( El libro est en la mesa o El libro est sobre la mesa)
AT: en ( presencia en un lugar )
Example:The teacher is at the blackboard ( La prof. est en el pizarrn )
ANOTHER FORM OF USES
IN: before
months
Years
Seasons
: in September
: in 1999
: in winter
IN: before
a city
Country
: in San Lorenzo
: in Paraguay
: in the morning
: in the afternoon
: in the evening
: on Friday
: on July 4th
: on Estrella Street
: on Palma Street
AT: before
: at 5:15
: at noon - at night - at midnight
the time
Special expressions
2- My birthday is .December
.
3- We are..the classroom
.
4- Those books arethe table
.
5- The Paraguayan Independence was1811
.
6- I wake up..6:00
9- I go to the church.Sunday
THE NUMBERS ( 1 20 )
1 : One
2: Two
unit 2
THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Its formed with the present form of be + the verb with ing to express moment activity. The ing form
tell us that the time is right now.
Es formado con la forma presente del verbo to be + el verbo principal con ing (ando iendo)
Example: work ( trabajar ) = working ( trabajando )
Rules
a- When the simple form of a verb ends in a single e, the e is dropped before adding ing.
a- Cuando el verbo termina en e, se suprime la e y luego se agrega ing
Ex. Have (tener) : having (teniendo)
write: writing
choose: choosing
b- When the simple form of a verb ends in ie, the e is dropped and the i is changed
to y before adding ing.
b- Cuando el verbo termina en ie se suprime la ie y se agrega ing
Ex. Die (morir): dying
tie (atar): tying
lie (mentir):lying
Form the present continuous using the verbs in parentheses and Translate to Spanish
1- Betty .. a new dress today ( wear )
1-
2- Bill.. .. music ( listen )
2-
3- Mr. Allen .a pipe ( smoke )
4- You an English lesson ( study )
5- Roger and Alex.. in the cafeteria ( eat )
6- One student.. .. the question ( copy )
7- Mary. .. a new dress ( choose )
8- We .. on the blackboard ( write )
9- He. ..a car ( drive )
10- Karen and I. a soccer game ( watch )
Translate to Spanish
1- Martha is washing the windows:.
2- The cat is eating a mouse:
3- The baby is sleeping:...
4- Mr. Green is working in the garden:
5- The boys are playing football:.
6- William is washing the car:..
THE ADJECTIVES
An adjective is a word that describes or points out a noun, an adjective modifies a noun. Adjectives in
English only have one form, which we use with singular and plural.
Un adjetivo es una palabra que describe o seala a un sustantivo, un adjetivo modifica a un sustantivo. Los
adjetivos en Ingls no se pluralizan y se utilizan tanto para el singular como para el plural.
Good bad old new young tall short long - big small expensive cheap nice beautiful
handsome ugly clean dirty comfortable interesting intelligent happy- sad difficult easy fat
thin poor rich delicious Complete the sentences with an adjective then translate to Spanish
1- My chair is = .
2- My classmate is.. =
3- The class is. =
4- The classroom is =
5- The lesson is . =
6- The questions are.. =
7- The students are =
8- The girls are.. =
Unit 3
THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE ( EL PRESENTE SIMPLE )
We use the present simple to talk about repeated actions or habits.
In the affirmative form the verbs have the same form in all the persons, except in the third person singular. In
the third person singular S is added
In the interrogative form, we use the auxiliaries DO DOES to make questions.
DOES with (He She It) DO for all other persons.
Negative form we use the auxiliaries DO DOES then the word NOT follows these auxiliaries.
Usamos el presente simple para hablar o referirnos acerca de acciones o hbitos.
* En la forma afirmativa los verbos tienen la misma forma en todas las personas, excepto en las terceras
personas del singular (He She It). En las terceras personas se agrega s.
Excepciones: 1- Cuando el verbo termina en y pero est precedida de una consonante se cambia la y por
i y se agrega es
Study : studies
2- A los verbos que terminan en: ss sh ch x o se les agrega es
wtch : watches
* Para la forma interrogativa utilizamos los auxiliares DO DOES para hacer preguntas.
DOES: se utiliza con He, She, It
DO: se utiliza con I We - You - They
stos auxiliares se colocan al comienzo de la oracin y no tienen traduccin solo indican que la oracin est
en forma interrogativa en tiempo presente. Al utilizar el auxiliar does el verbo deber estar en su forma simple
sin s o es
* Para la forma negativa utilizamos Do not = Dont - Does not = Doesnt
que se colocan delante del verbo para negar y el verbo en forma simple en (he she it )
Affirmative
Interrogative
Negative
I speak
Do I speak ?
I do not speak - I dont speak
You speak
Do you speak ?
You do not speak - You dont speak
He speaks
Does he speak ?
He does not speak - He doesnt speak
She speaks
Does she speak ?
It speaks
Does it speak ?
We speak
Do we speak ?
You speak
Do you speak ?
They speak
Do they speak ?
Rules: He she - it
a- Most form adding s to the simple form of the verb. : live lives, eat eats
b- When the verbs end in o-ss-sh-ch-x is added es. : go goes
c- When a verb ends in y but preceded by a consonant, the y is changed to i and es is added.:
study - studies
Write correctly the verbs in parentheses and Translate to Spanish
1- Joseph..TV in the evening ( watch )
12- Joseph..in this room in the afternoon ( study )
23- She..to the Chemistry class ( go )
34- Hein San Bernardino ( live )
45- The baby..milk ( drink )
56- You at the library ( study )
67- We ..the newspaper ( read )
78- They..on the blackboard ( write )
8Change the sentences to the interrogative and negative form. Use Do - Does
1- He walks every day ( El camina cada da )
112- They speak in the school
223- You do the homework every day
4- I wait for John after class
5- She teaches History at school
6- Helen goes to Europe every year
7- He helps his friends
8- John goes downtown every Saturday
9- She studies in the library in the afternoon
10- Mr. Allen smokes cigarettes every day
11- She lives on this street
12- The bus arrives before nine oclock
13- They attend a big college
14- She lives in the city
15- He works in the city
16- He leaves home at nine oclock
17- I take a bus to work
18- They go to work by car
19 They arrive at school at nine oclock
20 The boys like to study in the afternoon
.............................................................................................
unit 4
POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES ( Adjetivos posesivos )
Are used to show possession . They go before nouns. For example, they are always used before parts of the
body. Ex. Wash your hand
They are also used with family and acquaintance (trato) relationship terms.
Ex. Betty lives with her uncle.
I
YOU
HE
SHE
IT
WE
YOU
THEY
MY ( mi mis )
YOUR ( su sus tu tus )
HIS ( su sus , de l )
HER ( su sus , de ella )
ITS ( su sus , neutro )
OUR ( nuestro a )
YOUR ( sus , de Ustedes )
THEIR ( sus , de Ellos )
He has big eyes ( El tiene grandes ojos ) : His eyes are big ( Sus ojos son grandes )
She has a beautiful mouth : Her mouth is beautiful
It has short ears :
Its ears are short
I have a funny nose :
My nose is funny
She has a friendly face :
Her face is friendly
They have big feet :
Their feet are big
You have good teeth :
She has long hands :
He has short fingers :
THE IMPERATIVE
La forma imperativa comienza directamente con el verbo, y es la nica que no lleva sujeto, ya que se supone
que la orden est dirigida a YOU ( singular o plural )
Translate to Spanish
1- Turn right :
6- Stand up :
2- Dont turn left :
7- Be quiet :
3- Go :
8- Dont forget :
4- Dont go :
9- Dont talk :
5- Dont smoke :
10- Dont move :
Change to the negative
Open the door
: Dont open the door
Close the book
: Dont close the book
Memorize the conversation:
Practice the exercise :
Answer the questions :
Give him a pencil :
Who says these things to you ?
Be quiet! Sit down and open your books :
Please come and help me in the kitchen :
Dont put your coat on the floor
:
Come and see me again soon
:
..
..
..
..
Translate to English
1- Cerremos la puerta :
2- Estudiemos la leccin :
3- Juguemos football :
4- Caminemos :
5- No hablemos en clase :
6- Borremos el pizarrn :
.
Unit 5
MASS NOUNS AND COUNT NOUNS
Sustantivos de masa y sustantivos contables
Count nouns: are nouns which can be counted and have plural form.
Book, student, teacher
Mass nouns: they dont have plural form and represent uncountable things. Although you may fel that some
of them are countable. Languages differ in this respect; it is often not possible to translate the idea of number.
Bread, water - milk
MUCH : mucho a . Utilizamos con sustantivos incontables o de masa
Ex. : much water
MANY : muchos as . Utilizamos con sustantivos contables
Ex. : many books
VERY : muy . Se utiliza solamente con adjetivos.
Ex. : very intelligent
Write : much many or very
1- bread
2- corn
3- umbrellas
4- cars
5- dirty
6- ..old
7- ..water
8- ..milk
9- ..................soup
10- time
11- ..doors
12- ..papers
13- ..............good
14- ..boxes
15- .oranges
VERB: LIKE
I
You
We
They
He
She
like..
Apples
Mr. Green
Mrs. Green
Penny
Jenny
Robert
Oranges
likes
Bananas
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Unit 6
FUTURE TENSE WITH WILL
Will is an auxiliary, used as in indication of the future.
WILL is a function verb. Ir is one of a group generally called modal auxiliaries. They always accompany
other verbs and modify their meanings.
We use will to talk about what we think or believe will happen in the future.
Ex.: Betty will introduce the boys.
Will, es un auxiliar usado para el tiempo futuro, y se coloca entre el sujeto y el verbo
Ex. Betty will introduce the boys
Ej. Beatriz presentar a los muchachos
Contractions with will: will is often combined with subject pronouns and with not.
The contraction of will not is irregular. Will not = wont
Singular
Ill
Plural
Well
--------Youll--------Theyll
Hell
Shell
Itll
Some expressions of future time:
Later
Later today
Tomorrow
The day after tomorrow
Next Sunday
Next week
Next month
Next year
Translate and change the sentences to the interrogative and negative form
1- The class will begin on time
1- La clase comenzar a hora
1- Will the class begin on time?
1- The class will not begin on time
2- She will talk to them
2223- They will talk about chemistry class
4- They will be busy
5- The class will begin at eight
6- I will come at 10:00
7- She will use her new pink dress
8- Albert will be here tomorrow
POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS
They are used to show possession and are used without nouns.
Ex. This book is your.
Singular
Plural
Mine
Ours
2
3
Yours
His
Hers
Its
Theirs
unit 7
THE DAYS OF THE WEEK
Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday.
TRANSLATE TO SPANISH
1- There are seven days in a week :
2- Monday is the first workday in the week :
3- Tuesday follows Monday :
4- Wednesday comes after Tuesday :
5- Thursday is the day after Wednesday :
6- Friday is the last workday in the week :
7- Saturday and Sunday are the weekend :
8- People usually dont work on the weekend :
9- They usually stay home and rest :
40: Forty
70: Seventy
100: One Hundred
50: Fifty
80: Eighty
THE TIME
..
unit 8
ORDINAL NUMBERS
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Ordinal
First
Second
Third
Fourth
Fifth
Sixth
Seventh
Eighth
Ninth
Tenth
Eleventh
Twelfth
Thirteenth
Fourteenth
Fifteenth
Short Form
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
6th
7th
8th
9th
10th
11th
12th
13th
14th
16th
Right or wrong?
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
1- A is the first letter of the alphabet
2- F is the fifth letter
3- K is the third letter after H
4- D is the third letter before H
5- Y is the second last letter
6- M is the fourteenth letter
7- N is the fourteenth letter
Accountant reading
AT THE OFFICE
The office is an ample and comfortable place. It is in downtown. Helen the secretary travels by bus
every day. She always is on time.
Mr. Smith is the boss. He is very intelligent. The office boy cleans the office every day.
Albert is the office boy. In the office there are desk, chair, typewriter, telex machine, one computer,
paper basket, and carpet.
The office is in the second floor and we have an elevator to arrive there.
EN LA OFICINA
La oficina es un amplio y confortable lugar. Esta en el centro de la ciudad. Elena, la secretaria viaja
en mnibus todos los das. Ella siempre est a hora en su oficina.
El seor Smith es el jefe. El es muy inteligente. El ordenanza limpia la oficina todos los das.
Alberto es el ordenanza. En la oficina hay escritorio, silla, mquina de escribir, teles, una
computadora, papelera y alfombra.
La oficina est en el segundo piso y nosotros tenemos un ascensor para llegar all.
I am working in the office every day. I am the secretary. Mr. Jones is my boss. He is always on time.
Albert is the office boy. He is cleaning the desk now. Alice is a typist. She is writing a commercial letter
now. She is writing without mistake. My office is very modern and pleasant. It is well equipped.
MY HOUSE
My house is not very big, but it is very comfortable. It has two floors, a garage and a garden.
Downstairs there is a living-room, a dining-room, a kitchen and a bathroom.
Upstairs there are three bedrooms and two bathrooms.
The living-room is very big and comfortable: there is a sofa, two armchairs and a T.V. set. The
kitchen has a gas cooker, a refrigerator, a sink and a small breakfast table. The bedrooms have one or two
beds, a small table, a chest and a bookcase.
I love my house and I am very happy to live there.
Choose the correct letter to complete the sentences according to the reading.
A) My house isnt
B) Downstairs there is
very big
very small
very comfortable
a living-room
a bedroom
a balcony
two bedrooms
three bathrooms
three bedrooms
D) The living-room is
small
comfortable
big
in the bedroom
in the kitchen
in the living-room
a bookcase
three beds
two T.V. sets
MY FAVORITE CLASS
Name: Anne Jackson
I like school. Maths is my favorite class. I love numbers because they are fun.
History is interesting, too. I dont like sports very much. Judo is difficult and swimming is boring. I
never play football.
My friends like sports, but they dont like school. Mr. Chips, the Maths teacher, is always angry
because they never do their homework.
Complete the sentences according to the story
A) Her favorite class is
Science
History
Maths
E) She
always plays football
usually plays football
never plays football
difficult
boring
Maths teacher
History teacher
Bond : bono
Investment : inversion
Interest : inters
Value : valor
Mortgage : hipoteca
Credit card : tarjeta crdito
BUSINESS LETTER
May, 12, 2002
Colonial Shoes
Greenwich Avenue 879
San Francisco, California
U.S.A
Dear Sir:
We believe that you as a prestige company of business, must be interested in receiving new catalogues of
shoes from new sources of supplier.
Your company is recommended as one of the most important importer of shoes therefore, we take the liberty
to enclose you our current catalogue, as well as quotation for your buying considerations.
Waiting for a favorable answer.
Yours, very truly
Thomas A. White
Manager
A letter of complaint
Dear Mr. Ettlin,
I am writing to complain about your airline booking system.
I have been using your company for six years, and have always been satisfied with your
service. Yesterday however, I arrived for a flight to Rio de Janeiro and was told that my seat
was double-booked, even though I bought my ticket four months ago. I couldnt get on the
plane. Your staff, who were very rude, turned down my request for a seat on another airline.
I have been travelling regularly by air for the last fifteen years, and this has never happened
to me before. I had to put off a meeting in Rio, and let down an important customer.
I am still angry. I would like an apology from you, and a guarantee that this will not happen
again. If you want me to use your airline in the future, my next ticket will have to be half
price. Otherwise, I will never fly with your company.
Your sincerely,
..
T. J. Starley
vocabulary
booking system:
1)
2) Where was the goup of animal sitting one day?
2)
3) What were they talking about?
3)
4) Was the elephant popular or unpopular among the animals?
4)
5) Is the elephant a large or a small animal ?
5)
6) Is the elephant a wild or a domestic animal ?
6)
7) What kind of tail has the peacock ?
7)
8) What did the rabbit say ?
8)
..
9) Who appeared at this moment among the group of animals?
9)
10) In what way was the elephant superior to the other animals ?
10)..
11) Did the elephant talk much about his many accomplishments or was he always quiet and modest ?
11)
12).
Last year more than fifty millions litres of pesticides were sprayed onto crops in Britain.
These contained many different chemicals: we think that some them cause cancer and
damage babies.
And they end up on the food we eat.
All food should be pesticide-free and all that is needed for this are laws against the use of
pesticides.
We must organized a kind of movement which will force this government to follow the
example of more sensible countries where farmers are not allowed to spray chemical onto the
food that grow.
End up: acaban
Spray: rociar, pulverizar
Vocabulary
Speeches: discurso, alocucin.
Instead of: en vez de, en lugar de
ABOUT ME
My name is Ruo Lien. My name means Lotus in Chinese. A lotus is a beautiful flower. In the
Chinese culture, the lotus is a symbol of purity. My parents want me to be good, pure, and beautiful. That is
why they named me Ruo Lien.
I try hard to be a good person, but it is difficult. I help poor people. I help old people, too. I try hard to
be honest. I always tell the truth. I study hard. I study art, and I want to be a good artist.
HASSEN
My name is Hassen. I am twenty-seven years old. I am male. I am from Tunisia, but I am a student in the
United States. I am single now, but I hope to marry one day.
I come from a large family. I have a mother, father, four brothers, and three sisters. They are in Tunisia. I love
my family very much. I miss them. It is difficult for me to be far away from my home.
I am a shy person, but I like to laugh. I like to be with children. Children are important in my life. At home, I play
with sisters children. I also like the sea. At home, I go out in my fathers boat. He is a fisherman. I like the sound of the
sea. It is my favorite music. I also like to cook. My mother says that I am a good cook. Finally, I like to work with wood. I
make toys for children out of wood.
2- Hassen is_______
a- twenty-six years old
b- twenty-seven years old
c- twenty-eight years old
3- Hassen is_______
a- single
b- married
c- divorced
5- Hassen is ________
a- an old people
b- a shy person
c- a teacher
A SMALL TOWN
I live in a small town of about 14,000 people. It has its disadvantages. The biggest is that people
from the cities like to spend their vactions and weekends here, so there is a lot of traffic and stores are often
very busy.
The town has more advantages than disadavantages, it doesnt nuch industry. There is a lot of open
space and fresh air. There isnt much pollution or crime. For a small town, there are a lot of things to do.
There are more good restaurants than there are in most small twons. You can eat out at a different
restaurant every night for a month. Its a good place to live.
CHEMISTRY
PESTICIDES
These days enough pesticides are sprayed onto vegetables
* Last year more than fifty million litres of pesticides were sprayed onto crops in Britain.
* These contained many different chemicals: we think that some of them cause cancer and damage babies.
* And they end up on the food we eat. In fact in a recent survey we found that of 178 vegetables, 61 had
chemicals on them.
* All food should be pesticide-free and all that is needed for this are laws against the use of pesticides.
* The government ought to regulate the use of pesticides.
* Its important to follow the example of more sensible countries where farmers are not allowed to spray
chemicals onto the food that they grow.
* But there is a problem.
* There isnt enough money!
VOCABULARY
Spreayed: esparcido
Survey: inspeccin
Enough: suficiente
onto: sobre
pesticide: pesticida
Like: como
to drop: dejar caer
blows: sopla
Litter is garbage like food, paper, and cans on the ground or in the street. Where many people live
together, litter is a problem. People dont always put their garbage in the garbage can. Its easier to drop a
paper than to find a garbage can for it. But litter is ugly. It makes the city look dirty, and it spoils the view.
The wind blows papers far away. Often they are difficult to catch. When they blow against a fence,
they stay there. This fence is a wall of garbage.
Litter is a healt problem, too. Food and garbage bring animals, which sometimes carry disease.
Some people want to control litter. They never throw litter themselves, and sometimes they work
together in groups to clean up the city. In most places litter is against the law. The law punishes people who
throw garbage on the streets. They usually pay a fine, and occasionally they go to jail.
One famous sayings in the United States is: Dont be a person who through litter
MATCH THE WORDS ON THE LEFT WITH THE DEFINITION ON THE RIGHT
1- LITTER
2- FENCE
3- JAIL
4- GARBAGE CAN
5- VIEW
6- FINE
7- DISEASE
8- GROUP
This was the bloodiest war in South American history, six years of occupation followed, and
Paraguay was stripped of considerable land. Francisco Solano Lpez is one the legendary military heroes of
Paraguay.
VOCABULARY
Surrounded: rodeado
Neighbors: vecinos
Proudly: orgullosamente
Half: mitad
Century: siglo
Dictatorship: dictadura
War: guerra
Fiercely:furiosamente
Fought: lucharn, pelearn
Foot: pie
Land: tierra
Headed: se dirigieron
Pursued: perseguido
Recruited: reclutados
As: as, de esa forma
Deep: interior, fondo
Early: a comienzo/s
Bloodiest: la ms sangrienta
Army: armada
Win: ganar, vencer
Die: morir
Over: se acab
Stripped: despojado
Land: tierra
TRUE OR FALSE?
1- (
2- (
3- (
4- (
5- (
) The War of the Triple Alliance killed over half the population of Argentina.
6- (
7- (
8- (
9- (