Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Liz Spetz
297-8804 Chocolate Whores and Chocolate Wars
Although gold and silver were historically the great treasures of the New World for the
Spaniards, truth be told, the real prize was the mysterious cacao bean. This bean and all its
derivative products have influenced a large part of our society ever since Cortez deposited
the first small cache into the hands of monks in 1528. The monasteries kept the formula for
making the strong and bitter chocolate drink a secret which only the very rich could afford
to experience. Cortez, always with an eye to the main chance, saw greater opportunity; he
established a cacao plantation and began to ship commercially grown beans back to Spain
by 1585.
Fortunately for us, a Spanish princess married the king of France and introduced chocolate
drinking to the French court in the early 1600’s. Along with other New World experiences
Oldest House In Eastend! like tobacco, coffee and venereal disease, cocoa was about to change western culture. By
400 feet of river frontage features a view of
the golf course and hills
1660 people outside the royal court had the opportunity to indulge their curiosity for the
Ranch style home with 10’ ceilings drink in chocolate houses. The rise of the English middle class and the growth of the popu-
Country kitchen and large living room larity of chocolate run on parallel lines. Chocolate confections, known as pralines, were
Huge bedrooms with walk in closets soon created in Germany and by 1674 a London coffeehouse was selling the first solid
322 Riverside BLVD ● MLS #352004 chocolate in stick form.
Chocolate arrived in Vienna in the early 1700’s and quickly invaded Italy. Everywhere,
entrepreneurs were adapting ways to grind the beans and make chocolate paste more
PDF Edge Online cheaply and effectively. By 1764, the Baker Chocolate Company was established in the
United States. And by the end of the century, J. S. Fry & Sons were using steam power to
A full colour PDF edition of the Edge is grind cacao beans for the first time in England. What a riotous journey the little bean had
now available for all readers who have taken in its conquest of the west. Napoleon must have been envious. However, the real story
compromised vision. of money and chocolate was just beginning.
Please contact me at: In the early 19th century the Quakers became seriously interested in chocolate drinking
eastendedge@hotmail.com and I will add which they promoted as being healthier than alcohol. At that time the Quakers were the epit-
you to the emailing list so that you can ome of the newly successful Protestant business class. Cadbury and Fry’s quickly domi-
enjoy every issue. JK nated the English chocolate scene. While they are trying to convince people to buy their
bitter little chocolate bars, the Swiss are revolutionizing the industry by inventing milk
chocolate. It’s a big commercial hit which continues to be refined over the following dec-
ades. And, notably, in 1861 Richard Cadbury creates the first heart-shaped candy box for
Valentine’s Day. Chocolate candy was about to go big league.
1938, 1950, 1962, 1974, 1986, 1998, 2010 3rd House in Chinese Zodiac
Feb. 14, 2010 Golden Tiger
« pg.1 «
Tobler and Nestle were the kings of chocolate in Switzerland but Manufacturers know that chocolate sells best throughout the
much of the equipment was German-made. At a demonstration of this year in colder climates. That’s why Bernard Callebaut chose
machinery at the 1893 World’s Colombian Exposition in Chicago a Calgary as his starting base when he immigrated from Belgium
small time candy maker named Milton Hershey quickly saw its po- where his family had been chocolate suppliers to Godiva
tential. By the next year Hershey had created his first candy bar and Chocolates.
chocolate coatings for caramels. The saying is, “To live with the
The history of commercial chocolate is a marketing war zone.
classes, sell to the masses”; by the end of the 1800’s consumption of
But what has this to do with Valentine’s Day, you ask. The
chocolate had reached beyond 160 million pounds a year and Hershey
fact is that the manufacturers focused on that date to promote
was the dominant force in the US.
chocolate because there was no other holiday between Christ-
In 1900 Hershey introduced the Milk Chocolate Bar and in 1907 Her- mas and Easter and left over Christmas chocolates needed to
shey Kisses hit the market. Tobler developed the distinctive triangular be cleared out of inventory to make way for spring production.
nougat filled bar and Hershey followed in 1908 with the first milk And me, well, I’m just a willing pawn in the chocolate wars.
chocolate bar with almonds. In 1911 Frank and Ethel Mars built a JK
candy company in Washington that would grow to later become the
giant Mars, Inc.
Competition in the chocolate industry was ferocious in the 20th cen-
tury. Fry’s merged with Cadbury, Baker’s Chocolate Company was
bought by General Foods, Cadbury merged with Schweppes, Tobler
merged with Suchard and Campbell Soup Company bought Godiva
Chocolatier, Inc. of Belgium. Every major candy bar that we grew up
with came to market. Chocolate bars were shipped in food packages
to soldiers in WWII and Hershey heat-resistant bars went to soldiers
in the Gulf War, Desert Storm. Beyond chocolate, Mars made a sec-
ondary fortune by inventing to candy coating that covers bitter tasting
medications. »