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Rule 1
Dividend = (Divisor x Quotient) + Remainder
Illustrative Example
lu
Exercise
L
4.
5.
6.
] 7.
S.
9.
a)4236
b)4306
c)4336
d)5336
Answers
l.b
2. a
3.b
8. a
9.c
10. d
4. a
5.c
6.c
7. a
Rule 2
Dividend - Remainder
Divisor =
Quotient
Illustrative Example
Ex.:
Exercise
1.
2.
3.
4.
48
5.
6.
7.
Exercise
1.
Answers
Lb
2.a
3.b
4.c
5.a
6.d
7.a
2.
Rule 3
A number (Dividend) can be made completely divisible with 3.
the help of either of the following methods:
Divisor) Dividend (Quotient
4.
Remainder
Method I: By subtracting remainder from dividend. For
finding the greatest n-digit number completely divisible by
a divisor, this rule is applicable.
Illustrative Examples
Ex. 1: Find the greatest number of 3 digits, which is exactly
divisible by 35.
Soln: The greatest number of 3 digit = 999
On dividing 999 by 35, remainder =19.
Now, applying the above method,
the required number = dividend - remainder = 999 19 = 980
Ex. 2: Find the least number that must be subtracted from
87375, to get a number exactly divisible by 698.
Soln: On dividing 67375 by 698, the remainder is 125.Bythe
above method,
The least number to be subtracted is the remainder
from dividend.
.-. the least number to be subtracted =125.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
Illustrative Examples
12.
13.
14.
Number System
a) 99882
b) 99720
c) 99782
d) 99982
15. Find the nearest integer to 56100 which is exactly divisible by 456.
a) 56556
b) 56088
c) 56112
d) 56188
16. What is the nearest whole number to one million which
is divisible by 537 without remainder?
a) 999894
b) 999994
c) 999984
d) 999948
17. What least number must be added to 2716321 to make it
exactly divisible by 3456?
a)3361
b)95
c)105
d)3316
18. What least number must be subtracted from 2716321 to
make it exactly divisible by 3456?
a) 3361
b)95
c)85
d)3613
19. Find the least number of five digits which is exactly divisible by 654.
a) 10190
b) 10654
c) 10464
d) 10644
20. Which least number should be subtracted from 427396
so that the remainder would be divisible by 15?
[BSRB Delhi PO, 2000]
a)6
b)l
c)16
d)4
Exercise
Answers
Ex.
l.c
8.c
15.b
2.c
9.c
16.a
4.b
11.b
18.a
3.a
10. d
17. b
5.b
12. c
19. c
6.c
13. b
20. b
7. a
14. a
1.
2.
Answers
l.a
Rule 5
To find the product of the two numbers when the sum and
the difference of the two numbers are given.
Product of the numbers
(Sum + Difference)(Sum - Difference)
4
Illustrative Example
The sum of two numbers is 14 and their difference is
10. Find the product of the two numbers.
Soln: Detail Method: Let the two numbers be x and y, then
x + y = 14 a n d x - y = 10
Now, we have, (x + yf =(x- yf + 4xy
Rule 4
Theorem: When two numbers, after being divided by a third
number, leave the same remainder, the difference of those
two numbers must be perfectly divisible by the third number.
or, (14)
=(l0f+4xy
4
4
Quicker Method: Applying the above formula, we
have
Illustrative Examples
Ex. 1: 24345 and 33334 are divided by a certain number of
three digits and the remainder is the same in both the
cases. Find the divisor and the remainder.
Soln: By the above theorem, the difference of 24345 and
33334 must be perfectly divisible by the divisor. We
have the difference = 33334 - 24345 = 8989 = 101 x 89
Thus, the three-digit number is 101.
The remainder can be obtained by dividing one of the
numbers by 101. I f we divide 24345 by 101, the remainder is 4.
Ex. 2: 451 and 607 are divided by a number and we get the
same remainder in both the cases. Find all the possible divisors (other than 1)..
Soln: By the above theorem:
607 - 451 = 156 is perfectly divisible by those numbers (divisors).
Now, 156 = 2 x 2 x 3 x 13
Thus, 1 -digit numbers = 2,3,2 x 2,2 x 3 = 2,3,4,6
1)9994
2digit numbers = 12,13,26,39,52,78
ictly divisibB
3-digit number = 156
2. a
(14 + 10X14-10) _
Product
24
~~2
~~2
Sum-Difference
14-10
= 12
Exercise
1.
50
5.
6.
Answers
l.d
2.a
3.c
6.d; Hint: See Note.
4.b
5.a
Rule 6
Ex.
9.
a) 90
b)150
c)100
d)120
Two-fifths of one-fourth of five eighths of a number is 6.
What is 50 per cent of that number?
[BSRB Calcutta PO1999]
a) 96
b)32
c)24
d)48
4
3
5
10. I f of of of a number is 45, what is the number?
7
IU
O
[BSRB Hyderabad PO 1999]
a) 450
b)540
c)560
d)650
11. Two-thirds of three-fifths of one-eighth of a certain number is 268.50. What is 30 per cent of that number?
[NABARD1999]
a) 1611.0
b) 716.0
c) 1342.5
d)596.60
1
2
4
12. I f of o f -j of a number is 12 then 3 0 per cent of the
number will be
a) 48
b)64
c)54
Answers
l.c
8.c
. \ = 1 5 x 5 x 3 x 2 = 450
Direct Formula:
(*) The required number = ^
2.b
9.d
3.a
lO.b
4.c
11.a
ber is given by 5 S + N
1.
or
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
7.d
Exercise
3.
6.b
Rule 7
450
2.
5.a
12. c
Sum of digits +
Decrease
+ Sum
of digits
Decrease
Illustrative Example
Ex.
+ Sum
2
Decrease
of digits -
51
Number System
Soln: Detail Method: Let the number = x.
= 5(8 + 6 ) + ^ ( 8 - 6 ) = 7 0 + l = 71
Then, x + x = 182
2
Exercise
or, x + x - 1 8 2 = 0
1.
or, x + 14x-13x-182 = 0
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Answers
l.a
2.d
3. a
4.d
5.c
6.c
7. d; Hint: Let the no. be lOx + y
theny = x + 2 o r , y - x = 2 .... (i)
(10y+x)-(10x+y)=18
o r , 9 y - 9 x = 18
or,y-x = 2
(ii)
From eqn (i) and (ii) we can't get any conclusion.
Rule 8
27-1
,-
Exercise
1.
b)22
c)23
d)24
Answers
Vl + 4 x - l
is given by
Illustrative Example
Ex.:
l.a
8.c
2.c
9.c
3. a
10.C
4. d
5.c
6. c
7. c
Rule 9
The sum of the digits of a two-digit number is S. If the digits
are reversed, the number is increased by N, then the num-
52
"
ber is given by 5 SSum of digits -
N~ 1
+ S +
2
9
9
Increase
Illustrative Example
or
Ex.
Sum of digits +
Increase
Illustrative Example
:.x =
Ex.:
54
9
10 + 7=17
8+
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
b)78
c)87
d)96
Answers
l.a
2.b
3.d
4.c
5.b
Rule 10
Ifx%
x900 = 135
Exercise
1.
4.
5.
a) 91
b)52
e)65
d)78
Answers
l.c
2.d
3.b
4.d
5.a
Rule 11
If the ratio of the sum and the difference of two numbers is
'a + b\
a: b, then the ratio of these two numbers is given by
a-b
Illustrative Example
Ex.
The ratio of the sum and the difference of two numbers is 7 : 1. Find the ratio of those two numbers.
Soln: Detail Method: Let the two numbers be x andy. Then
we have
x+y _ 7
x-y
=>x+y = 7x-7y
yzn
given by
15
3.
a) 69
= 900
100
2.
40
Now, 15%ofx =
54
Exercise
360x100
or,6x = 8y .-.
x _ 8_ 4
= 4:3
- g
53
Number System
Quicker Method: Applying the above rule, we have
the required ratio =
7+ 1_ 8
7-1 ~ 6
2.
: i = 4:
3
Exercise
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Answers
l.a
3.
4.
5.
6.
2.b
3.a
4.d
5.c
7.
Rule 12
To find the difference of the two digits of a two-digit number, when the difference between two-digit number and the
number obtained by interchanging the digits is given.
Difference of two digits
Diff.in original and interchanged number
9
Illustrative Example
Ex,
:x-y
27
,
= =3
- 3
Exercise
1.
1
The sum of the digits of a two-digit number is of the
sum of the number and the number obtained by interchanging the position of the digits. What is the difference between the digits of that number?
[Bank of Baroda PO, 19991
a) 3
b) 2
c) 6
d) Data inadequate
9. The difference between a two-digit number and the number obtained by interchanging the position of the digits
of that number is 54. What is the sum of the digits of that
number?
[BSRB Calcutta PO, 1999]
a) 6
b)9
c)15 .
d) Data inadequate
1
10. The sum of the digits of a two-digit number is of the
difference between the number and the number obtained
by interchanging the positions of the digits. What definitely is the difference between the digits of that number?
[BSRB ChennaiPO, 2000]
a) 5
b) 9
c) 7
d) Data inadequate
Answers
27
Required answer - ~
8.
The difference between a two-digit number and the number obtained by interchanging the digits is 18. What is
l.d
2. a
7. d; Hint:
3.a
4.d
5.c
6.b
x - y = ^{(l0x+y)-(l0y + 4 = ^(9x-9y) = x - y
54
1.
x + y = ^-[(lOx+y)+(lOy + x)]=x + y
Thus we see that the difference of x and y can't be determined.
Hence, the answer is data inadequate.
9. d; Hint: See note.
Let the two-digit no. be 1 Ox + y
According to question,
(10x + y)-(10y + x) = 54
9 x - 9 y = 5 4 .-. x - y = 6
10. a; Hint: Let the two-digit number be 1 Ox + y
3.
2
1
b) 8 7 )88
d) 8 5 3
3
The average of 7 consecutive integers is 6. Find the
average of the squares of these integers.
a)87
4.
Then,x + y = j ( l 0 x + y - 1 0 y - x )
or,x + y =
2.
a) 4 6 3
~{x-y)
5.
or, 4 x - 1 4 y = 0=> = V
Using componendo & dividendo, we have,
x +y _ 7 + 2 _ 9
7 ^ ~ 7 ^ 2 ~ 5 i e x - y = 5K
Here, K has the only possible value, K = 1.
Because the difference of two single-digit numbers will
always be of a single digit.
b) 4 6 3
c)40
d) 47
n i f a + ^ + l )
( + lX2 +l)
No. of integers
c) 9
d) None of these
Answers
l.c
2. a
3.b
4.c
5.c
Rule 14
x
a , and a respectively.
lt
(x, - a,) or {x -a )
2
and x > 3
or (x - a )
3
Illustrative Example
Ex.:
No. of integers - 1
No. o f integers + 1
Ex,
and n = Average
b) 4
Rule 13
Where, , = Average +
a) 5
= 10
"2 = = 3
7
Exercise
10x11x21
.-. Average of squares
3(4X7)'
1.
6~
= - ! [ 3 8 5 - 1 4 ] = ^ i = 53
2.
55
Number System
3.
4.
5.
a)414
b)418
c)420
d)410
Find the least number which when divided by 48,60 and
64 leaves the remainders 38,50, and 54 respectively.
a) 860
b)960
c)950
d)850
Find the least number which when divided by 5, 6, 8, 9
and 12 leaves the remainders 3, 4, 6, 7 and 10 respectively.
a) 360
b)358
c)362
d)258
Find the least number which when divided by 9, 10 and
15 leaves the remainders 4,5, and 10 respectively.
a) 90
b)95
c)85
d)80
Answers
l.b
3.
4.
5.
Answers
2. a
3.c
4.b
5.c
l.a
Rule 15
x so as to leave the same remainder in each
5.c
Rule 16
4. a
3.a
2.c
\x ~x \,...
2
9a
and so on.
is given by
lib-2a
Illustrative Example
Ex.
Find the greatest number that will divide 55, 127 and
175 so as to leave the same remainder in each case.
Soln: Detail Method: Let x be the remainder, then the numbers (55 -x), (127 -x) and (175 -x) must be exactly
divisible by the required number.
*
Now, we know that if two numbers are divisible by a
certain number, then their difference is also divisible
by that number. Hence, the numbers
(27-JC)-(55-4
(175 -x)-
(l27 -x)
and
IQb-a
respectively
Ex.:
(l75-x)-(55-x)
Then we have
lOx + y
x+ y
or, lOx + y = 4x + 4y
or, 6x = 3y or, 2x - y
or, x = y - x = 3 (given) and y = 6
.-. the number is 36.
Quicker Method: Applying the above rule, we have
Required number
9x4
1x3a =
i = 36
a*
x3
11x1-2x4
Exercise
Exercise
1.
1.
2.
a-b
llb-2a)
Illustrative Example
and n
llb-2a
2.
56
3.
4.
5.
Exercise
1.
a)2
2.
b)3
,3
b)3
b)4
c)3
2.a
3.c
4.a
is divided
byx-1.
Illustrative Example
Find the remainder when 7
+1 is divided by 6.
13
x + y
c)l
d) Can't be determined
l.d
3.b
4.c
5.b
2.b
Illustrative Example
Ex.:
"C x'" y+
]
"C x'- y +
"C^y
13
= (6 + l )
1 3
Soln: Step I:
-78
perfectly divisible by x.
Note:
+...+ "C^xy""' + /
We find that each of the terms except the last term
x"+
Answers
625
d)8
Rule 18
Rule 17
Ex.:
+ 8 ) is divided by 11.
b)2
5.d
1 5 0
d)2
c)9
Answers
Lb
d)5
23
a) 19
5.
c)9
4.
d)7
3.
c)5
13
13
StepII:(l,28),(2,14),(4,7)
Stepffl:(l x 16,28 x 16)and(4x 16,7x 16)or(16,448)
and (64,112)
Note: (2, 14), which are not prime to each other should be
rejected.
Exercise
1.
exactly divis-
2.
by 6 the remainder is 1 + 1 = 2.
Quicker Method: Applying the above rule, we have
K = 1 and
x-l=6
i e K < x - 1.
Therefore, we apply rule (i)
.-. required answer = 1 + 1= 2.
3.
4.
Number System
5"
Answers
l.c
2.b
3.b
5.
4. a
Rule 19
A number on being divided by d and d successively leaves
x
divided by d xd ,
x
6.
(rf,xr + r , ) .
2
a)12
b) 10
c)14
d) 16
A number on being divided by 10 and 11 successively
leaves the remainders 5 and 7 respectively. Find the remainder when the same number is divided by 110.
a) 70
b)98
c)74
d)75
A number on being divided by 3 and 7 successively
leaves the remainders 2 and 5 respectively. Find the sum
of digits of the remainder when the same number is divided by 21.
a)7
b) 17
Illustrative Example
Answers
Ex.
l.b
A
B
2.a
3.a
Exercise
1.
2.
3.
4.
6.c
{if (5)" has n zeros ifm >n orm zeros ifm < n.
Note: Always lesser value of the exponents of 5 and 2 will be
the required answer. Thus, write the product in the form
(2 x5"x.)
m
Illustrative Example
Ex.:
5.d
4.c
d)6
Rule 20
B = 7
d xr +
c)8
= 2 x5 x....
[Since numbers other than 2 and 5 are useless]
Since 10 > 6, there are 6 zeros at the end of the product.
Note: This is the easiest way to count the number of zeros
in the chain of products. By this method, we can easily find that the product of 1 x 2 x 3 x ... x 100 contains
24 zeros.
,0
Exercise
1.
2.
3.
4.
58
5.
Answers
l.a
2.c
3.c
4. b; Hint: 13231 = 131 x 101,131 and 101 are primes
5. c
6. a
Rule 22
Answers
l.c
2.c
3.d
4.a
5.b
Rule 21
To find the number of different divisors.
Find the prime factors of the number and increase the index of each factor by 1. The continuedproduct of increased
indices will give the result including unity and the number
itself.
Note: Also see Rule - 36.
Illustrative Examples
Ex. 1: Find the number of different divisors of 50, besides
unity and the number itself.
Soln: I f you solve this problem without knowing the rule,
you will take the numbers in succession and check
the divisibility. In doing so, you may miss some numbers. It will also take more time.
Different divisors of 50 are: 1,2,5,10,25,50
I f we exclude 1 and 50, the number of divisors will be
4.
By rule: 50 = 2 x 5 x 5 = 2 ' x 5
.-. the number of total divisors = (1 + 1) x (2 + 1)
=2x3=6
or, the number of divisors excluding 1 and 50 = 6 - 2
=4
Ex. 2: Find the different divisors of37800, excluding unity.
Soln: 37800 = 2 x 2 x 2 x3 x3 x3 x5 x5 x7
2
=
2
3 x 5 x 7
Total no. of divisors = (3 +1) (3 +1) (2 +1) (1 +1) = 96
.-. the number of divisors excluding unity = 96-1 = 95.
3
Illustrative Examples
Ex. 1: How many numbers up to 100 are divisible by 6?
Soln: Divide 100 by 6. The quotient obtained is the required
number of numbers.
100=J6 x6+4
Thus, there are 16 numbers.
Ex. 2: How many numbers up to 200 are divisible by 4 and 3
together?
Soln: LCM of 4 and 3 = 12
Now, divide 200 by 12 and the quotient obtained is
the required number of numbers.
200=16x 12 + 8
Thus, there are 16 numbers.
Ex. 3: How many numbers between 100 and 300 are divisible by 7?
Soln: Up to 100, there are 14 numbers which are divisible by
7 (since 100=14 7 + 2). Up to 300, there are42 numbers which are divisible by 7 (since 300= 42 x 7 + 6)
Hence, inere are 42 - 14 = 28 numbers.
x
Exercise
1.
2.
3.
4.
Exercise
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
5.
6.
7.
8.
b) 13
c)19
d)22
Answers
l.a
2.d
3.d
4.b
5.b
6.b
7.b
8.d
5;
Number System
4.
Rule 23
The number which when multiplied byxis increased byy is
ghen by
'increased
y
x-l
or
5.
Value^
Multiplier - 1
Answers
Illustrative Example
l.a
2.b
3.a
4.a
5.b
Ex
\6x-x
= 225
Illustrative Example
= 15
15
Quicker Method: Applying the above rule, we have
225 _ 225
= 15
the required number
16-1
15
Exercise
Find the number which when multiplied by 36 is increased
by 1050.
a) 30
b)28
c)32
d)35
Find the number which when multiplied by 9 is increased
by 128.
a) 12
b) 15
___c) 16,.,.-.
d)18
Find the number which when multiplied by 17 is increased
by 256.
a) 12
b)14
c)18
d) 16
Find the number which when multipliedby 15 is increased
by 378.
a)26
b)16
c)27
d)28
Find the number which when multiplied by 26 is increased
by 625.
a) 26
b)25
c)24
d)27
Answers
l.a
2.c
4.c
5.b
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
1992
a) 1988
is equal to
b) 1989
c) 1990
d)1992
Answers
2.a
t =a + ( n - l ) d
n
n{n +1)
105(105+ l ) _ ,
= 5565
2
Exercise
3.
Soln: 20 = 400.
Exercise
Illustrative Example
3.
Ex.:
Lb
3.d
Rule 24
L\.:
225
:.x =
Rule 25
60
33 = 2n - 1 [see formula)
.-. n = 17
.-. 1 + 3 + 5 +... + 33 = 1 + 3 + 5 +... + 17th oddnumber.
Exercise
1.
= (17) =289
2
4.b
5. a
6.d
Illustrative Example
Ex.:
d)5252
2.
3.
4.
Rule 26
Theorem: Sum of first n even numbers = n (n +1)
5.
d)4898
a)9454
b)9544
c)9455
d)9555
6.
where, t = nth term
a) 330
a = first term
n = no. of numbers
d=common difference.
For the case of even numbers
7.
c)550
d)660
(2 +4 +6 +... + 20 )is
2
a) 770
f=2+(-l)2
b)1540
c) 1155
d) (385 x385)
Answers
= 2 + 2 n - 2 = 2
l.b
ro,n=
b)440
2.a
3.d
4. a
7. b; Hint: 2 + 4 + ... + 20
5.c
6.a
Exercise
= (l x 2) + (2 x 2) + (2 x 3) +... + (2 x 10)
1.
= 2 [ l + 2 +3 +.... + 10 j
2.
3.
4.
5.
Answers
l.b
3.a
4.d
_ n(/i + lX2w + l )
1.
= (2l) =441
2
d)6408
d) 14895
,2 2 . 2
, 2 10(10 + 1X2x10 + 1)
l + 2 + 3 + . . . + 10 =
*
'6
10x11x21
: 385
1
Soln:
Exercise
2.
2
Illustrative Example
Illustrative Example
n(n +1)
"6x(6 + l)~j
Soln:
Rule 28
5.b
Rule 27
Ex.:
= 4x385=1540
Ex.:
2. a
3.
a) 16316
4.
b) 13661
c) 16361
d) 13616
a) 3025
b)3205
c)3052
d)3250
rHS
I Xiimber System
2.
3.d
4. a
3.
5. a
4.
6.c
5.
Rule 29
n
:ise
the first 62 counting numbers, find the number of
r*en numbers.
I :}
b)31
c)32
d)34
From 1 to 78, how many are the odd numbers?
r ::
b)38
c)39
d)40
From 1 to 28, find the number of even numbers.
a)14
b) 13
c)12
d) 15
From 1 to 100 find the number of even and the number of
I numbers.
a>50.50
b)51,50
c)50,51
d)49,50
From 1 to 80 how many are the even numbers?
b)42
c)39
d)40
From 50 to 90, find the number of odd and even numbers.
J20.21
b)20,20
c)21,22
d) 19,20
2.c
3. a
4. a
5.d
6. a
Answers
l.a
2.b
3.b
4.a
5.a
Rule 31
The difference between the squares of two consecutive numbers is always an odd number and the difference between
the squares of two consecutive numbers is the sum of the
two consecutive numbers.
For example, 16 and 25 are squares of 4 and 5 respectively
(two consecutive numbers).
:. Difference = 25 - 16 = 9 (an odd number)
and 5 - 4
2
(Difference) =5 + 4 = 9
Reasoning: a -b
2
= (a- b\a + b) = a + b [v a - b = l ]
Exercise
a)24
1.
b) 12
c)18
d)8
d) 10
4.
7 +6
10 - 9 + 8
a) 50
b)65
Find the value of
2
29 + 3 5 + 3 3 + 3 1
a) 250
b)252
2
Rule 30
t first n counting numbers, ifn, the number of num-
d)71
5 + 4 - 3 + 2 - l
d)55
c)45
2
-34
- 3 2 - 3 0 - 2 8,2
c)352
d)342
d) 125
Answers
1
even numbers.
51 + 1
. from 1 to 51 there are - - 26 odd numbers
5.-".
= 25 even numbers.
l.a
2.b
3.d
4.b
5.a
Rule 32
To find the number in the unit place for odd numbers.
When there is an odd digit in the unit place (except 5),
multiply the number by itself untilyou get 1 in the unit
place.
(...!)" = (...1)
(...3y-=(...i)
<'... 7/-=(.../;
62
(~?y=(...i)
where n =
J,2,3,....
a)l
Illustrative Examples
b)6
a)l
12. What
a)l
13. What
59
59
is 1.
58
d)3
unit place
x(l547) ?
76
,0
b)2
the
is
c)3
number in
d)9
unit
the
pi
58
(24533) x(l2349) ?
76,
38
39
(623)
36
= (623)
(623)
38
=(623) x(623)
4x9
4x9
= (623)
4x9
a) 7
14. What
(I57)
(75l)
b)l
c)9
the number in
the
d)3
unit place
b)9'
c)6
the number in the
d) 1
unit place
x(l59)
,57
is
x(263)
751
a)7
=(...l)x(...9)=9 in the
839
is
a)3
15. What
unit place.
39
(I243)
843
unit place
Ex. 2: Find the number in the unit place in
(623)
b)7
c)9
the number in the
is
d)9
.-. (729)
c)3
721
x (623) = ( . . . l ) x ( . . j ) = 7 in the
3
159
x(l37)
271
x(3 3 9 )
138
b)9
339
c)l
d)6
Answers
l.a
2.b
3. d; Hint: When 7 is multiplied 4 times, the number in l
unit place is 1. ie if 7 is multiplied 4n number of times, i
number in the unit place will be 1.
unit place.
.-. ( l 4 7 )
Exercise
1.
2.
3.
56
9.
c)7
d)4
6.b
b)6
c)9
x 87 x 87
7. a
(1547)
8.b
9.d
10. a
76
4x
=(l547)
100
4x25
=(...l)
intheunitph
d) 1
13. a; Hint: (24533)
761
= (24533)
4x190
x(24533)
90
b)7
c)9
b)7
c)3
d)3
127
b)7
c)9
c)3
(l2349)
839
641
15. a; Hint: ( 7 5 l )
d)3
928
(263)
271
(137)
a)l
d)9
138
=(137)
(3 3 9 )
a)l
unit place.
74
c)2
d)9
751
=(263)
unit place
b)6
x(l2349)=(...lX...9)=(.J
4x67
d)4
12
c)6
2x4,9
14. a
=(l2349)
d)9
a) l
8.
b)9
4x22
= (...l)x(...9) = 9
a) l
a)l
7.
d) None of these
4x12
= (87)
5. c
a)l
6.
c)6
79
a0
5.
b)9
90
a)7
4.
4. c; Hint: (87)
= (l47)
48
339
4x34
=(3 3 9 )
I
2 x l 6 9
63
Number System
.-. required answer = ( , . . l X - 7 X - X - )
9
( 7) in the
3.
unit place.
a) 2
Rule 33
4.
b)4
d)6
a) 2
5.
c)8
602
b)4
c)6
d)8
a)6
b)8
c)2
d)4
(2) "=(...6)
4
6.
(...4f=(...6)
a)4
7.
(...6)=(...6)
(...8) "
4
8.
3trative Examples
b)4
20
c)8
b)2
216
d)2
d)2
=(...6);wheren=l,2,3,...
c)8
429
c)8
116
d)6
22
9.
and (122) .
: (...2)x(...2) = ...4
(...2)x(...2)x(...2) = 8
(...2)x(...2)x(...2)x(...2) = ...6
We know that (...6) x (...6) = ...6
Thus, when (122) is multiplied 4n times, the last digit
is 6. Therefore,
117
23
(122) = ( l 2 2 )
4x5
(122) = ( l 2 2 )
4 x 5
20
22
23
b)4
c)6
d)8
a)4
b)2
c)6
d)8
162
162
119
d)8
x(53 1 8 )
2 4 3
unit place
(I22)
a)2
a)2
b)4
c)6
13. Find the number in the unit place in
in the
(4152) x(3268)
51
unit place.
a) 4
42
43
x ( 5 9 1 3 f x(6217) .
,Q3
b)2
c)6
d)8
Answers
l.a
8.d
and ( 9 8 ) .
67
d)8
2. a
9.d
3.b
10. a
4.d
11. a
(98) =(...6)
5. a
12. a
6. a
13. c
7. a
Rule 34
,. (98) "=(...6)
4
Thus, (98)
(98)
40
= (98)
4x10
=(98)
4x,0
(98) = (98)
4x10
42
(...!)" =(...1)
place
43
(... y=(...5)
5
(...6)" =(...6)
place
"cise
Illustrative Example
b)2
c)3
540
b)4
c)6
Ex.:
541
d)8
d)9
240
,25
36
240
= (...l)
240
64
125
(636)
36
= (...5)
125
Exercise
36
1.
Exercise
1.
b)3
c)9
145
2.
d)l
3.
2.
b)9
number
the
(44l) x(495)
441
a)l
4.
126
c)6
in the
x(l536)
b)5
236
\l
unit
in
4.
c)6
b)5
place
d)0
1456
c)6
321
x (3 2 5 )
326
d)8
7.
Answers
l.a
2.c
3.d
4.b
8.
Rule 35
Ex.:
Exercise
1.
2.
3.
4.
Answers
l.b
7.b
2.c
8.a
a b c then
p
b)6
c)0
2. a
3.d
x3'x7
'
-l
X...
Ex.:
Find the sum of the divisors of a number 8064.
Soln: Factorize 8064 into its prime factors.
8064= 2 x 3 ' x 7
Now, apply the above rule
7
7 l_j
+
_j
,2+1
3-1
7-1
9 - 1 343-1
1 - x 2 x
6
= 255x4x57 = 58140.
q
Exercise
1.
2.
3.
2-1
256-1
Soln: 8064= 2
-1
Illustrative Example
d)5
+ 1
a-1
b-l
c-1
Note: This includes unity and the number itself as divisor
Rule 36
Ex.:
-X
4.d
Illustrative Example
6.b
P^-l
Answers
l.a
a) 3
5. a
4.b
Rule 37
LetN-
Find the number in the unit place in 962 x 966 x 454 x 959.
a) 2
b)4
c)6
d)8
Find the number in the unit place in 954 x 9625 x 43216 x
15437x 12343.
a)0
b)l
c)5
d)6
Find the number in the unit place in 14532 x 14531 x 243
x 245 x 247 x 249.
a) 3
b)6
c)4
d)0
Find the number in the unit place in 1431 x 5343 x 9645 x
1489.
3.d
4.
>
Number System
5.
6.
s.
65
interchanged, a new number greater than the i
number by 27 is obtained. What is the difference between the last two digits of that number?
a)l
b)2
c)3
d)4
I f the places of last two-digits of a three-digit number are
interchanged, a new number greater than the original
number by 36 is obtained. What is the difference between the last two digits o f that number?
a)l
b)2
c)3
d)4
I f the places of last two-digits of a three-digit number are
interchanged, a new number greater than the original
number by 45 is obtained. What is the difference between the last two digits of that number?
a)3
b)4
c)5
d)6
I f the places of last two-digits of a three-digit number are
interchanged, a new number greater than the original
number by 63 is obtained. What is the difference between the last two digits of that number?
a)7
b)5
c)6
d)8
I f the places of last two-digits of a three-digit number are
interchanged, a new number greater than the original
number by 72 is obtained. What is the difference between the last two digits of that number?
a)7
b)5
c)4
d)8
I f the places of last two-digits of a three-digit number are
interchanged, a new number greater than the original
number by 81 is obtained. What is the difference between the last two digits of that number?
a)7
b)8
c)9
d) 1
Answers
2.c
3.b
4.b
5. a
6.b
7. a
5 d: Hint: Sum of the divisors excluding 1 and itself = 7056.
.-. sum of the divisors including 1 and itself
= 7056-(2460+l)=4595.
Rule 38
If the places of last two digits of a three-digit number are
murchanged, anew number greater than the original number by N is obtained, then the difference between the last
rwo digits of that number
(N)
is given by \~g~\
)'
Illustrative Example
IJU
Answers
l.b
7.d
or, 9 z - 9 v = 54 o r z - y = 6
Quicker Method: Applying the above rule, we have
54
the required answer =
= 6
5.c
6. a
Rule 39
4.d
3.c
2.a
8.c
Exercise
L I f the places of last two-digits of a three-digit number are
interchanged, a new number greater than the original
number by 18 is obtained. What is the difference be-
3L
a)l
b)2
c)3
d)4
I f the places of last two-digits of a three-digit number are
interchanged, a new number greater than the original
number by 9 is obtained. What is the difference between
the last two digits of that number?
a)l
b)3
c)4
d)6
I f the places of last two-digits of a three-digit number are
Afj is divisible N .)
2
Illustrative Example
EXJ
66
Quicker Method: Applying the above rule, we have,
63-29 i.e. 29) 63 (2
58
5
.-. required answer = 5
Exercise
A number when divided by 221 gives a remainder 43,
what remainder will be obtained by dividing the same
number by 17?
a)7
b)6
c)8d)9
2. A number when divided by 609 gives a remainder 65.
What remainder would be obtained by dividing the same
number by 29?
a)6
b)5
c)6
d)7
3. A number when divided by 738 gives a remainder 92.
What remainder would be obtained by dividing the same
number by 18?
a)2
b)l
c)9
d)8
4. A number when divided by 1491 gives a remainder 83.
What remainder would be obtained by dividing the same
number by 21?
a)21
b)2
c)20
d) 18
5. A number when divided by 1092 gives a remainder 60.
What remainder would be obtained by dividing the same
number by 28?
a)6
b)2
c)5
d)4
6. A number when divided by 1156 gives a remainder 73.
What remainder would be obtained by dividing the same
number by 34?
a) 5
b) 17
c)13
d)4
7. A number when divided by 1836 gives a remainder 79.
What remainder would be obtained by dividing the same
number by 36?
a) 7
b)9
c)19
d) 14
8. A number when divided by 1207 gives a remainder 85.
What remainder would be obtained by dividing the same
number by 17?
a)7
b)2
c)0
d)6
9. A number when divided by 2470 gives a remainder 80.
What remainder would be obtained by dividing the same
number by 38?
a)4
b) 18
c)9
d)6
10. A number when divided by 1404 gives a remainder 93.
What remainder would be obtained by dividing the same
number by 39?
a) 4
b) 13
c)19
d) 15
11. A number when divided by 17, leaves a remainder 5.
What remainder would be obtained by dividing the same
number by 357?
a) 39
b)29
c)21
d)38
Answers
Id
2.d
3.a
4.c
5.d
6.a
7.a
8.c
9.a
lO.d
11. a; Hint: Here we apply "Remainder Rule".
This rule is applicable when the same number (dividend)
is divided by two different divisors which are multiples
of each other.
Suppose, the larger divisor is N , , and the smaller divi-
1.
sor is N .
2
Where, N = K N
x
N] (= KN ) , remainder is R, (say).
Then, by the remainder rule, we have the following formula,
2
2N +R =R,
2
2N +R =R!
2
or,2x 17 + 5 = R,
.\R,=39
Hence, the required remainder = 39.
Note: A l l the other questions can also be solved by this rule.
Rule 40
If the sum of two numbers is x and their difference isy, then
the difference of their squares is xy.
Illustrative Example
Ex.:
= 75x20=1500
Quicker Method: Applying the above rule, we have,
required answer = 75 x 20 = 1500
Exercise
1.
Number System
a) 37
b)100
c)63
d)3700
The sum of two numbers is 50 and their difference is 6.
The difference of their squares is
a) 400
b)500
c)350
d)300
The sum of two numbers is 75 and their difference is 9.
The difference of their squares is
a) 685
b)625
c)675
d)775
The sum of two numbers is 160 and their difference is 39.
The difference of their squares is
a) 6420
b)4620
c)8420
d)6240
The sum of two numbers is 175 and their difference is 75.
The difference of their squares is
a) 13025
b) 13125
c) 13215
d) 13152
Answers
l.a
4.d
3.c
2.d
5.b
Rule 42
Illustrative Example
Ex.:
Two consecutive numbers are 8 and 9. Find the difference of their squares.
Soln: Detail Method:
Required answer = 9 - 8 = 81 - 64 = 17
Quicker Method: Applying the above rule, we have
the required answer = 8 + 9 = 1 7
2
1.
Illustrative Example
BL
The difference between the squares of two consecutive numbers is 37. Find the numbers.
Soln: Detail Method: Let the numbers are x and x + 1
According to the question,
(x + l ) - *
2
2.
3.
4.
=37
5.
or, x +\ 2x-x
1
=37
or, 2^ = 3 7 - 1 = 3 6
.-. numbers are 18, and 19
Quicker Method: Applying the above rule, we have
37-1
:
Two consecutive numbers are 17 and 18. Find the difference of their squares.
a) 36
b)25
c)35
d)34
Two consecutive numbers are 75 and 76. Find.the difference of their squares.
a) 141
b) 151
c) 131
d) 115
Two consecutive numbers are 79 and 80. Find the difference of their squares.
a) 159
b)169
c) 149
d) 158
Two consecutive numbers are 15 and 16. Find the difference of their squares.
a) 31
b)32
c)30
d)21
Two consecutive numbers are 26 and 27. Find the difference of their squares.
a) 53
:.x = \% and x + l = 19
5. a
Exercise
Rule 41
mmbers is x, then the numbers are
4. a
3.c
If the two consecutive numbers arex andy, then the difference of their squares is given byx+y.
Answers
Id
2.b
37 + 1
and = 18 and 19
Exercise
'. The difference between the squares of two consecutive
numbers is 39. Find the numbers.
d) 17,18
a) 19,20
b)20,21
c)18,19
2 The difference between the squares of two consecutive
numbers is 27. Find the numbers.
d)16,7
a) 14,15
b) 13,14
c) 15,16
31 The difference between the squares of two consecutive
numbers is 35. Find the numbers.
d) 18,19
a) 14,15
b) 15,16
c) 17,18
4 The difference between th*.squares of two consecutive
numbers is 59. Find the numbers.
d)27,28
a) 29,30
b)30,31
c)28,29
5. The difference between the squares of two consecutive
numbers is 77. Find the numbers.
d)37,38
a) 38,39
b)39,40
c)40,41
b)52
c)43
d)63
Answers
l.c
2.b
3.a
4.a
5.a
Rule 43
If the sum of two numbers is x and sum of their squres is y,
then the
(
-y
-py^:
and
and
x + ^2y~-
Illustrative Example
Ex.:
=85 ....(ii)
yf=169
68
x +y =90
(x-y)
(x-y)
= (x +
y) -4xy
2
= 169-4x42=1
.". x-y = 1.... (iii)
From eqn (i) and eqn (iii) we have,
x = 7andy = 6
.-. Numbers are 7 and 6
Quicker Method: Applying the above rule, we have,
required answers
13-V170-169
(i)and
(x-y)
= 4 6 ....(ii)
=46
or, x +y
2
-2xy = 46
22
or,xy =
and
13 + V170-169
:
6 and 7
Exercise
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Answers
l.d
2. a
Exercise
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
b)35
c)32
d)30
Answers
3. a
4.c
5. a
6. a
7.c
l.a
2. a
3.c
4. c
5. a
Rule 44
Rule 45
x-y
Illustrative Example
Illustrative Example
Ex.:
Ex.:
Number System
Rule 46
andx +/=290
2
Now,
(x + y) =x + v +2xy
=290 + 2 x 143=576
2
p(D-y)
number is given by
x + (yP-D).
o r , x + y = V576 =24
Illustrative Example
=x
+y -2xy
Ex.:
= 290-286 = 4
or, x - y = 2
.-. difference of the numbers = 2
^wilTO.Metburak..4x5f^vjo.ffJhfijiboye j u l e . we have
the sum of the numbers
x + 3-2
or, x +1 = 2x + 2
.-. x = 5
.-. Numerator = 5 and the denominator = 5 + 3 = 8
= V290-2xl43 = V 4 = 2
Exercise
3.
4.
5.
5
.-. rational number =
o
1.
c)4
7
2.
2,a
8.b
4. a
>7
1
c )
5
d
c)
" 13
3.c
TT
5
b)-
7
O -
4
d)-
d) 15
Answers
l.b
7. a
7-2(3-2) _5
7 + (2x2-3) 8
a)
a) 3
b)27
c)5
d) 17
The product of two numbers is 224. The sum of their
squares is 452. The difference of the two numbers is
b)2
Exercise
a) 7
b)9
c)8
d)23
The product of two numbers is 180. The sum of thensquares is 369. The/difference of the two numbers is
a) 30
x+1
= V 2 9 0 + 2 x l 4 3 = A/576 = 24 and
1.
5.b
6. a
70
1
a)
5.
b)
c)
>13
10
"Ml
The denominator of a rational number is 2 more than its
numerator. I f the numerator is increased by 9 and the
denominator is decreased by 5, we obtain 7. Find the
rational number.
9
150-100
1 , _
the required ratio = - - 1 : 2
Note: In case the total ie (A + B) becomes P% of the number
100
A, the ratio between A and B is given by
c)
>9
11
d)
_ /
Exercise
1.
2.
1
increased by one, the fraction becomes . What was
the original fraction.
4
[SBIPO,1999]
3
b)
11
>T3
d)
11
Answers
l.c
2. a
3.d
4. a
5. a
6. b; Hint: This type of question may be solved by hit and
trial method.
First divide the question in different parts. Then start
from the answer-choices one-by-one. The choice, which
satisfies all the parts of the given question, will be required answer. For example, in the above question we
have two parts.
(I) The denominator of a fraction is 2 more than thrice
its numerator.
(II) If the numerator as well as denominator is increased
by 1, the fraction becomes 1/3.
Both parts will be satisfied by the answer choice (b),
hence (b) is the required answer.
Rule 47
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
100
Illustrative Example
Ex.:
1
or,x=
-y
P-100,
a)4:11
b) 11:4
c)4:7
d)7:4
When a number is added to another number the total
becomes 375 per cent of the first number. What is the
ratio between the first and the second number?
a)4:ll
b) 11:4
c)4:7
d)7:4
9. When a number is added to another number the total
becomes 225 per cent o f the first number. What is the
ratio between the first and the second number?
a)5:4
b)4:5
c)3:4
d)4:3
10. When a number is added to another number the total
becomes 225 per cent of the second number. What is the
8.
Number System
ratio between the first and the second number?
a)3:4
b)4:3
c)5:4
d)4:5
Answers
l.a
2.a
Answers
l.a
8. a
2.c
9.b
3.a
lO.c
4. a
5.a
6.a
7.b
Rule 48
The sum of three consecutive even or odd numbers is P less
or more than of Q. Then the middle number is given by
4.d
3.b
5.c
Rule 49
Illustrative Example
Ex:
s w e r 11+21-4=28
Note: +ve and -ve sign indicate more and less respectively.
Exercise
Illustrative Example
The sum of three consecutive even numbers is 15
less than three-fourth of 60. What is the middle number?
Soln: Detail Method:
Let the middile number be x
According to the question,
60x3
-15
-2 + x + x + 2 =
Ex:
or, 3x = 30 :.x= 10
.-. required answer = 10
Quicker Method: Since we have less type of question, the above formula will be like
Q
Middle number
1.
2.
3.
60x--15
= 10
4.
Exercise
1.
5.
Answers
l.a
2.c
3.d
4.d
5.a
Rule 50
y+Jy
-4i
72
Rule 51
If the product of two numbes is x and the difference between these two numbers is y, then the numbers are
and
J
Illustrative Example
yjy +4x+y
=(x + yf -4xy
= 784-768=16
.-. x - y = 4
....(ii)
Combining eqn (i) and eqn (ii)
x = 16,andy = 12
.-. smaller number = 12.
Quicker Method: Applying the above rule, we have
Ex:
=(x-y) +4xy
2
x + y = 28 ....(if)
Solving eqn (i) and eqn (ii) we have
x- 16 andy = 12
.-. Greater number = 16
Quicker Method: Applying the above rule, we have
required
answer
=
28 + V784-768
Illustrative Example
28 + V28 - 4 X 1 9 2
-yjy +4x y
and
Ex:
28+4
y +4x+y
v784+4
28 + 4
= 16 and
2 8 - V 2 8 - 4 x 1 9 2 _ 2 8 - 4 _ 24 _ '
2
2
.-. smaller number = 12.
Note:
2.
3.
4.
5.
Answers
l.a
2.a
16.
Exercise
1.
32
Vy +4x+y
2
yjy +4x-y
2
Exericse
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Answers
3.c
4.a
5.b
l.a
2. a
3.d
4.d
5.b
Number System
Miscellaneous
If a fraction's numerator is increased by 1 and the denominator is increased by 2 then the fraction becomes
6.
2
T But when the numerator is increased by 5 and the
3
denominator is increased by 1 then the fraction becomes
7.
5
0)3
5
c )
6
d)-
8.
If the numerator of a fraction is increased by 2 and denominator is increased by 3, the fraction becomes 7/9;
and if numerator as well as denominator are decreased
by 1 the fraction becomes 4/5. What is the original frac| i?
[SBI Associates PO, 1999]
1j
J6
9.
b)
11
>6
e) None of these
2?
If the numerator of a fraction is increased by 2 and the
5
denominator is increased by 1, the fraction becomes
o
'-
17
a) 125
b)70
c)40
d)25
e) None of these
The ratio of two numbers is 3 :2. I f 10 and the sum of the
two numbers are added to their product, square of sixteen is obtained. What could be the smaller number?
[NABARD, 1999]
a) 14
b) 12
c)16
d) 18
e) None of these
The numbers x, y, z are such that xy = 96050 and xz =
95625 and y is greater than z by one. Find out the number z.
[NABARD, 19991
a) 425
b)220
c)525
d)226
e)225
I f the sum of one-half, one-third and one-fourth of a
number exceeds the number itself by 4, what could be
the number?
[NABARD, 19991
a) 24
b)36
c)72
d) 84
e) None of these
c)
e) None of these
e)37
~ o f a number is equal to of the second number. I f 3 5
o
74
23.
a)9|
)10y
c ) l l |
d) 11
e) None of these
15. A two-digit number is seven times the sum of its digits.
If each digit is increased by 2, the number thus obtained
is 4 more than six times the sum of its digits. Find the
number.
[BSRB PatnaPO, 2001]
a) 42
b)24
c)48
d) Data inadequate
e) None of these
16. The digit in the units place of a number is equal to the
digit in the tens place of half of that number and the digit
in the tens place of that number is less than the digit in
units place of half of the number by 1. I f the sum of the
digits of the number is seven, then what is the number?
[SBI BankPO, 2001]
a) 52
b) 16
c)34
d) Data inadequate
e) None of these
17. A fraction becomes 4 when 1 is added to both the numerator and denominator, and it becomes 7 when 1 is
subtraced from both the numerator and denominator.
The numerator of the given fraction is:
a) 2
b)3
c)7
d) 15
(NDA Exam 1990)
18. I f 1 is added to the denominator of a fraction, the fraction becomes (1/2). I f 1 is added to the numerator, the
fraction becomes 1. The fraction is:
4
a)T
7
5
b)~
7'. .9
2
c)y
~'3
b)30
c)30or -3-
b)40
c)80
d) 16
[BSRB Exam 1991]
c)72
d)63
[Hotel Management, 1991]
22. I f one fifth of a number decreased by 5 is 5, then the
number is:
a) 25
b)50
c)60
d)75
[Clerks' Grade Exam 1991]
c)60
d)80
25. 24 is divided into two parts such that 7 times the first
part added to 5 times the second part makes 146. The
first part is:
a) 11
b) 13
c)16
d) 17
[RRB Exam 1991]
26.
4
2
~ of a number exceeds its by 8. The number is:
a) 30
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
1
1
of a number subtracted from of the number gives
12. The number is:
a) 144
b)120
125
b)
21.
125
d)30or3y
10
d)
-' 11
33.
34.
b)60
c)90
d)None of these
[RRB Exam 1989]
The differencebetween squares of two numbers is 256000
and sum of the numbers is 1000. The numbers are:
a) 628,372
b) 600,400
c) 640,630
d) None of these
[GICAAO Exam, 1988]
Three numbers are in the ratio 3 : 4 : 5 . The sum of the
largest and the smallest equals the sum of the third and
52. The smallest number is:
a) 20
b)27
c)39
d)52
[Accountants' Exam 1986]
A positive number when decreased by 4, is equal to 21
times the reciprocal of the number. The number is:
a)3
b)5
c)7
d}9
tNDA Exam 1987]
The sum of 3 numbers-is 68. I f the ratio between first and
second be 2 : 3 and that between second and third be 5
: 3, then the second number is:
a) 30
b)20
c)58
d)48
[SSC Exam 1986]
Two numbers are such that the ratio between them is 3 :
5; but i f each is increased by 10, the ratio between them
becomes 5:7. The numbers are:
a) 3,5
b)7,9
c)13,22
d) 15,25
[RRB Exam. 1989]
Divide 50 into two parts so that the sum of their reciprocals is (1/12):
a)20,30
b)24,26
c)28,22
d)36,14
[RRB Exam 1988|
The sum of seven numbers is 235. The average of the
first three is 23 and that of the last three is 42. The fourth
number is:
a) 40
b)126
c)69
d) 195
[Clerks' Grade Exam. 1991]
How many figures (digits) are required to number a book
Number System
c)492
d)372
[MBA 1980]
x+ 2
Then j ~ g or, 8x-5y = - l l
y-
...(i)
x+3
j ~ 4 or, 4x-3y = -9
y
-(ii)
|+
Again,
Answers
l.c; Let the fraction be
7+35=4/7 or.
then,
1_
....(ii)
25
...(i)
II '
25
8
II + 35 = 477
.-. 77=40
6. b; Let the two numbers be 3x and 2x.
According to the question,
10 + (3x + 2x) + (3x x 2x)=(16)
or, 6x + 5x - 246 = 0 or, 6x + 41 x - 36x - 246 = 0
or,6x(6x+41)-6(6x+41)=0
or,(6x+41)(x-6) = 0
.'. x = 6
jc + 1 _ 2
y+z
.-. fraction =
x = 3 and y = 7
5. c;
or,3x + 3 = 2 y + 4
'
or,3x = 2 y + l
....(i)
x+5_ 5
Also, we have ^ j ~ ^
+
or,4x + 20 = 5y + 5
or,4x = 5y-15
From (i) and (ii), we get
2y + l
5y-15
....(ii)
-41
or (But -ve value cannot be accepted)
or,8y + 4 = 15y-45
2x7 + 1
2y + l
- ~
=5
y 7
2. c: Let the numerator and denominator be x and y respecx+2 1
tively. Then y + 3 9
x-l _ 4
- \5 o r , 5 x - 4 y = l
y
5_
....(i)
y _ 96050 _ 3842
95625
Combining (iii) and (iv), we get z = 225
8.e; Let the number be x.
1 1 \
'6 + 4 + 3
+ - + be :
2 3 4/
According to the question,
13
....(ii)
3825
....(iv)
13_
12'
x = 4 x = 48
12
9. d; Here neither the remainder nor the dividend nor the
second number is given, so can't be determined.
10. e; Let the number be x.
then, x = 48 - x = 48
76
y + 1
2x-y= 1
2 "
And,l l
x - y = -1
y
Solving (i) and (ii), we get x = 2, y = 3.
=
x _ 5
or, x + y = 9x - 9y or, 8x = 1 Oy or,
y~4
2
.-. The fraction is ~ .
19. b;Let the other number = x
10 + x=2(x-10)^> x = 30.
4
x-4
x-3
58-3
.-. - = 9 => = 58 Again, = 7 = 11
6
5
5
15. a; Let the two-digit number be lOx + y.
10x + y = 7(x + y) => x = 2y ....(i)
10(x + 2) + y + 2 = 6(x + y + 4) + 4
or, 10x + y + 22 = 6x + 6y + 28 => 4x-5y = 6
x
00
Solving equations (i) and (ii), we get x = 4 and y = 2
16. a; Let 1/2 of the no. = lOx + y
and the no. = 10V + W
From the given conditions, W = x and V = y -1
Thus the no. = 10(y- l ) + x
....(A)
.-. 2(10x + y ) = 1 0 ( y - l ) + x:=>8y-19x=10
...(i)
V + W = 7 => y - l + x = 7
.-. x + y = 8
....(ii)
Solving equations (i) and (ii), we get
x = 2 and y = 6
.-. From equation (A),
Number=10(y-l) + x = 52
x
17. d; Let the required fraction be ~ .
Then,
x+1 _
~
=> x - 4y = 3
=>
64x5
=
4
I x x = i x 8 0 = 40
"2
2
;| J X X - - J - X X
-x = 12=>x = 144.
12
<\
x=12
2
.
3x ^
125
24. a; x x = 25 => = 25 => x =
.
5
5
3
25. b; Let these parts be x and (24 - x). Then,
7x + 5 ( 2 4 - x ) = 146 => x=13.
So the first partis 13.
26. b;Let the number be x. Then,
4
2
-x = 8 = > x = 60
xx
15
5 3
27. a; Let the numbers be x and y. Then,
n
x-y
x-y
256000
x+y
1000
= 256
7=
y-1
T X J C
x - 4 = = > x - 4 x - 2 1 = 0 = > x = 7.
x
x-\
And,
20. b ;
=> x - 7 y = -6
timber System
77
y_ 5
y ~ 3'7~ 3
3x = 2yand5z=3y.
3
3
3 3
9
y = x, z = y = x x = x
2
5
5 2
10
3
9
x + - x + * = 98 => 34x = 680 => x = 20.
So, second number = y *
20 j = 30
= =>x = 5
5x + 10 7
Hence, the numbers are 15,25.
a; Let the numbers be x and (50 - x). Then,
50-x + x
1
1
1
1
-+-
50-x
12 ^
x(50-x)
12
'
30x
5 +4
5
.
10, which is not possible.
7, which is also not possible.
16 which is also not possible.