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Introduction
The dial of a clock is a circle whose circumference is
divided into 12 parts, called hour spaces. Each hour space is
further divided into 5 parts, called minute spaces. This way,
the whole circumference is divided into 12 x 5 = 60 minute
spaces.
The time taken by the hour hand (smaller hand) to
cover a distance of an hour space is equal to the time taken
by the minute hand (longer hand) to cover a distance of the
whole circumference. Thus, we may conclude that in 60 minutes, the minute hand gains 55 minutes on the hour hand.
Note: The above statement (given in bold) is very
much useful in solving the problems in this chapter, so it
should be remembered. The above statement wants to say
that:
"In an hour, the hour-hand moves a distance of 5
minute spaces whereas the minute-hand moves a distance of
60 minute spaces. Thus the minute-hand remains 60 - 5 = 55
minute spaces ahead of the hour-hand."
6.
7.
1 minute division =
3.
4.
5.
360
- apart.
60
8. The clock has 12 hours numbered from 1 to 12 serially
arranged.
9. Each hour number evenly and equally separated by five
minute divisions (= 5 * 6) = 30 apart.
10. In one minute, the minute hand moves one minute division or 6.
more than
hour hand.
13. When the hands are together, they are 0 apart.
Hence,
Both hands
Required Angle
to be coincident
0
to be at right angle
90
to be in opposite direction
180
to be in straight line
0 or 180
Rule 1
Theorem: Between x and (x + l)o 'clock, the two hands will
f\2\
be together at 5x^~^-J minutes past x.
Illustrative Example
Ex:
682
cases:
Case I : When the minute hand is 15 min spaces behind the hour hand.
To be in this position, the min hand should have to
gain 2 0 - 15 = 5 min spaces.
^
. 60
240
9
.
.-. 20 min are gained in x ^ = - j r - = * yy min.
1
240
"~Tl~
b) 16 YY min past 3
c) 16 min past 3
d) None of these
60
,', 35 min spaces will be gained in T ^ * - " ~
2.
3.
d)
12
they will be at right angle at ( 5 x 4 - 1 5 ) x and
9
a) 10 min past2
10
b) 10 min past 2
c) 10 min past 2
d) None of these
2.d
12
5
2
(5x4 + 15)x min past 4 or, 5 min and 38
2
d) 48 minutes past 9
Answers
l.c
3
y y minutes past 5
min past 4.
Exercise
1.
10
9
b) ' ^ J ^ min past 4
min past 4
v,,10
c) 1 1 mm past 4
4.b
Rule 2
d) None of these
5
8
b) 52 min past 7, ' y y min past 7
2
Illustrative Example
At what time between 4 and 5 o'clock will the hand of
clock be at right angle?
Soln: Detail Method: At 4 o'clock, there are 20 min. spaces
between hour and minute hands.To be at right angle,
they should be 15 min spaces apart. So, there are two
2.
3.c
4.
2 7
min
9
.
11 minpast4.
Exercise
1.
JT
c) " Y Y
5
Ex:
3.
d) None of these
At what time between 5.30 and 6 will the hands of a clock
be at right angles?
Clocks
683
a) 43 minutes past 5
. 5
.-. the hand will in opposite directions at 5 min
b) 43 minutes past 5
c) 40 minutes past 5
d) 45 minutes past 5
At what time between 10 and 11 O' c lock wi 11 the hand of
clock be at right angle?
a) 38 min past 10
b) 6 YY min past 10
c) 38 min past 10
d) 8 min past 10
past 7.
Case I I : When they coincide (or come together), ie, 0 min
spaces apart. (See rule 1).
Quicker Method:
Case I : Between x and (x + 1) O'clock the two hands are in
opposite directions at
12
12
(5X-30)YJ- min past x = (35-30)x min past 7
Answers
l.a
3.b;
2. a
Hint: In this case direct formula is not applicable because, given data is not in the form of x and x + 1.
At 5 O'clock, the hands are 25 min spaces apart. To
be at right angles and that too between 5.30 and 6, the
min hand has to gain (25 + 15) or 40 min spaces.
Now applying the formula, we have required answer
12
11
x40
= 5 min past 7.
Case I I : Same as Ex 1.
Ex.2: At what time between 4 and 5 will the hands of a
watch point in opposite direction?
Soln: Applying the above rule, we have,
the required answer = (5x4 + 30) min past 4
43 YY min past 5.
= 54 min past 4.
4. a
Rule 3
Exercise
Theorem: Between x and (x+ l)o 'clock, the two hands are
in the same straight line
Case I (a) when they are in opposite directions ie, 30 minutes spaces apart, at
1.
d) None of these
12
(5X +
5x
'12^
minutes pastx (see Rule 1)
a) 43 min past 2
b) 43 min past 2
c) 43 min past 2
d) None of these
Illustrative Examples
Ex. 1: Find at what time between 7 and 8 o'clock will the
hands of a clock be in the same straight line.
Soln: Detail Method: There are two cases:
Case I : When they are in opposite directions, ie, 30 min
spaces apart.
At 7 o'clock they are 25 min spaces apart.
Therefore, to be in opposite directions the minute
hand will have to gain 30 - 25 = 5 min spaces.
a) 16 YY min past 9
3
.
c) 16 min past 9
d) None of these
Answers
, o , \12
1. a; Hint: Required answer = (5x8--^O/yy
n
,-10
120
"JT
= 10 min past 8
. 60 .
. 5
Now, 5 min spaces will be gained in x 5 - 5- min
55
11
b) 10 YY m>n past 8
2. b
3. a
684
3.
Rule 4
At what time between 3 and 4 is the minute-hand 7 minutes ahead of the hour-hand?
a) 24 min past 5
b) 24 min past 7
c) 24 min past 3
d) 24 min past 8
At what time between 3 and 4 is the minute-hand 4 minutes behind the hour-hand?
a) 12 minutes past 3
b) 14 minutes past 3
c) 16 minutes past 3
d) None of these
Illustrative Example
Ex:
Rule 5
II
Case II: When the minute hand is 2 min spaces ahead of the
hour hand. In this case, the min-hand will have to
gain (20 + 2), ie, 22 minute spaces.
Now, we know that 22 minute spaces will be gained in
x22 = 24 min
55
.-. the hands will be 2 min apart at 24 min past 4.
Quicker Method: Applying the above rule, we have
the required answer
U ,
12 18x12
22x12
= (5x42) =
or
11
11
11
7
= 1 9 o r 24 min
7
Therefore, they will be 2 min spaces apart at 19yy
min past 4 and 24 min past 4.
At what time between 5 and 6 are the hands of a clock 3
minutes apart?
a) 24 min past 6
b) 26 min past 5
c) 30 min past 5
Illustrative Example
Ex:
Exercise
2.
2. a
m l
11
7
.-. they will be 2 min apart at ^ min past 4.
1.
l.a
= 19 n.
xl8 =
55
Answers
d) Can't be determined
x60 = 6 5 n
55
11
But they are together after 63 minutes.
m
b)
d) None of these
2 (
11
11
27x60x24
27
63
llx63
5 6
min.
8
^ y min.
-63
60x24
63
27
min
60 x 24.
Y p x - ^ T - min.
Clocks
685
= 30x0-12.5=12.5
Ex. 2: At what angle the hands of a clock are inclined at 15
minutes past 5?
Soln: Quicker Method:
Exercise
The minute hand of a clock overtakes the hour hand at
intervals of 65 minutes. How much a day does the clock
gain or lose?
a) 1 0 mm
5
= 30x2 + = 67.5
b) 10 min
Ex.3:
ii
c) 1 1 m i n
1 0
d) None of these
How much does a watch gain or lose per day, if its hands
coincide every 64 minutes?
a) 32 min
b) 31 ~ min
c) 32 min
d) None of these
A n g l e =
30lDiffof8and^l
nswers
2. a
Rule 6
find the angle between hands of clock,
gle between two hands =
Difference of hours and
117.5
Minutes
Minutes
55
i
= 30(3)-27.5 = 62.5
Note: The two types of formulae work in two different cases.
(1) When hour hand is ahead of the minute hand (like,
when the minute hand is at 4, the hour hand should
be after 4, ie, between 4-5,5-6,6-7....) we use the formula:
30 Diff of hrs and
Minutest
minutes
(2)
Angle
Minutes
Minutes
[See Ex. 3]
30
,1
x 25 = 1 2 -
60
2
.-. the angle between two hands = 12.5
Quicker Method: Applying the above rule, we have
M
idI +
Minutes ] minutes
5
2 ~
Exercise
Illustrative Examples
E\ 1: At what angle are the hands of a clock inclined at 25
minutes past 5?
In: Detail Method:
At 25 minutes past 5, the minute hand is at 5 and hour
hand sightly ahead of 5.
The hour-hand moves by an angle of 30 in 60 min.
.-. in 25 minutes, the hour hand moves by an angle of
30x
+ 5
1.
a s t
b) 10 min past 3
d) None of these
min past 3
1
Find the angle between the two hands of a clock of 15
minutes past 4 O'clock.
a) 38.5
b)36.5
c)37.5
d) None of these
Find the angle between the two hands of a clock at 4.30
pm.
a) 45
b)30
c)60
d) None of these
At what angle are the two hands of a clock inclined at 20
c)
686
minutes past 5?
a) 30
b)45
6.
c)50
d)40
Answers
1. a; Hint:
3-
+ ^ = 30
2
M
or,(15-M)6-
30
7.
or, 180-12M + M = 60
8.
120
10
M=
= 10minpast3.
11
l
2. c; Hint: At 15 minutes past 4, the minute-hand is behind
the hour-hand. Hence, using the given formula (i), we
have the required answer
1
= 30 x4-
15
+ = 30 + 7.5: 57.5
2
a; Hint: At 4.30 pm the minute-hand is ahead of the hourhand. Therefore, we apply the given formula (ii)
.-. required answer
30
H_
5
30
4
= 3 0 x 2 - 1 5 = 45
Note: Sometimes, time is given in the form of 24 hours instead of 12 hours in order to avoid the confusion of am
and pm. For example, 14.20 or 1420 hours. In all such
cases when the hour part exceeds 12, we subtract 1200
from it and then solve it. So, 14.20 reduces to 2.20 or 20
minutes past 2.
4.d
Miscellaneous
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
b)4pm
7
c) 58 minutes past 3
3
d) 2 minutes past 4
9.
8
b) 27 i n past 4
c) 27 min past 4
d) None of these
,i
, 1
b) 1 0 min
1 0
.a)llmin
c) 1 0 min
d) None of these
Answers
1. c; Hint: The hands of a clock point opposite to each otbe11 times in every 12 hours (because between 5 and 7. a
6 O'clock only they point opposite to each other).
2. d; Hint: In 12 hours, they are at right angles 22 times
cause two positions of 3 O'clock and 9 O'clock are c
mon). Therefore, in a day they are at right angles for
times.
3. c; Hint: The hands coincide or are in opposite direction
+ 22) ie 44 times in a day.
4. b; Hint: Time between the given interval = 180 hrs
The watch gains =
"5"
'
locks
687
180x5 .
.-. 5 min is gained in -> =83 hrs 20 min
54
x
)
" j hrs of correct clock.
71
72 hrs of correct
Therefore, the correct time = 3 a.m. + ( 7 2 - 7 1 ) = 4 a.m.
b; Hint: Time from Monday noon to 2 pm on following
Monday
= 7 days 2 hours = 170 hours
(
The watch gains |
;
2 +
4^
34
4 ~ | or, min in 170 hours
5.
170x5
34
hrs
37
Now, min of this watch = 3 min of the correct watch.
12
3x12
37
37
x555
60x60
5
hand in or " y y minutes. Therefore, the hands
min
A J _ x 6 0 x 2 4 = 1 0 min
11 65
143
555
-x
60 J
27 i n .
m
13
3x12
12