Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Arc Welding
Arc welding is a process utilizing the concentrated heat of an
electric arc to join metal by fusion of the parent metal and the
addition of metal to joint usually provided by a consumable
electrode. Either direct or alternating current may be used for the
arc, depending upon the material to be welded and the electrode
used.
1.1
Electroslag Welding
Electroslag
Welding
(ESW)
or
shoes
to
prevent
Fluxed-Core Arc-Welding
Fluxed-Core Arc-Welding (FCAW) uses a tubular electrode filled
with flux that is much less brittle than the coatings on SMAW
electrodes
while
preserving
most
of
its
potential
alloying
benefits.
The emissive fluxes used shield the weld arc from surrounding
air, or shielding gases are used and nonemissive fluxes are
employed. The higher weld-metal deposition rate of FCAW
over GMAW (Gas Metal Arc Welding) has led to its popularity in
joining relatively heavy sections of 1" or thicker.
Another major advantage of FCAW is the ease with which
specific weld-metal alloy chemistries
can be developed. The process is also
easily automated, especially with the
new robotic systems.
1.3
over
SMAW
processes.
In
addition,
the
methods.
It
has
welding
operations
in
manufacturing plants.
1.4
1.5
1.6
Shielded-Metal
Arc
Metal
Arc
Welding
Welding
(SMAW)
is
one of the
oldest, simplest, and most versatile arc welding processes.
The arc is generated by touching the tip of a coated electrode
to the workpiece and withdrawing it quickly to an appropriate
distance to maintain the arc. The heat generated melts a
portion of the electrode tip, its coating, and the base metal in
the immediate area.
The weld forms out of
the
alloy
materials
of
these
as
they
the
weld
forming
2.0
MIG Welding
MIG (Metal Inert Gas) or as it even is called GMAW (Gas Metal Arc
Welding) uses an aluminium alloy wire as a combined electrode and
filler
is
Since
therefore
all
not
welding
The
Conventional
Conventional MIG uses a constant voltage DC power source.
Since the spray transfer is limited to a certain range of arc
current, the conventional MIG process has a lower limit of arc
current (or heat input). This also limits the application of
conventional MIG to weld material thicknesses above 4 mm.
Below 6 mm it is recommended that backing is used to control
the weld bead.
2.2
Pulse
Pulsed MIG uses a DC power source with superimposed
periodic pulses of high current. During the low current level
the arc is maintained without metal transfer. During the high
current pulses the metal is transferred in the spray mode. In
this way pulsed MIG is possible to operate with lower average
current and heat input compared to conventional MIG. This
makes it possible to weld thinner sections and weld much
more easily in difficult welding positions.
3.0
TIG Welding
TIG-welding (Tungsten Inert Gas) or GTAW-welding (Gas Tungsten
Arc Welding) uses a permanent non-melting electrode made of
tungsten. Filler metal is added separately, which makes the process
very flexible. It is also possible to weld without filler material.