ECDIS Hand-Outs 2

The Operational Use of Electronic Chart Display
and Information Systems (ECDIS)
Part 1 Legal Aspects, History and Regulations
ECDS Revision 1.21

20090724
Philippine Seafarers Training Center
Objective
To enhance navigational safety by the safe
operation of ECDIS equipment,
proper use of ECDIS related information and
knowledge of the limitations of ECDIS
equipment.
ECDS Revision 1.21 20090724
Legal Aspects and Requirements

The STCW and ISM Codes put the
responsibility firmly on the shipowner to
ensure that mariners on their vessels are
competent to carry out the duties they are
expected to perform.
Legal Aspects and Requirements

If a ship is fitted with ECDIS, the shipowner has
a duty to ensure that users of such a system
are properly trained in the operation and use
of electronic charts and are familiar with the
shipboard equipment before using it
operationally at sea.
STCW 95
Table A-II/1
Navigation at the Operational Level
Thorough knowledge of and ability to use
navigational charts and publications, such as
sailing directions, tide tables, notices to mariners,
radio navigational warnings and ships routeing
information
Note: ECDIS systems are considered to be included
under the term charts
SOLAS Chapter V
Regulation 2 - Definitions
Nautical chart or nautical publication is a specialpurpose map or book, or a specially compiled
database from which such a map or book is
derived, that is issued officially by or on the
authority of a Government, authorized
Hydrographic Office or other relevant government
institution and is designed to meet the
requirements of marine navigation.
SOLAS Chapter V
Regulation 19 Carriage Requirements
2.1 All ships irrespective of size shall have:
2.1.4 nautical charts and nautical publications to
plan and display the ships route for the intended
voyage and to plot and monitor positions
throughout the voyage; an Electronic Chart Display
and Information System (ECDIS) may be accepted as
meeting the chart carriage requirements of this
subparagraph;
SOLAS Chapter V
2.1.5 back-up arrangements to meet the
functional requirements of subparagraph 2.1.4, if
this function is partly or fully fulfilled by electronic
means.
SOLAS Chapter V
PAPER CHARTS
ECDIS
ECDIS
ECDIS
+
+
+
PAPER CHARTS
ECDIS
CHART RADAR
Chart-Radar is a radar-based system meeting the IMO Performance

Standards of IMO Resolution A.477 (XII), as amended by MSC.64(67)
SOLAS Chapter V
In cases where ECDIS only is used, you MUST carry
Official Electronic Navigational Charts (ENCs) on
board. Official ENCs are produced by the National
Hydrographic Offices in each country.
In areas where ENCs are not available, ECDIS may
operate in the Raster Chart Display System (RCDS) mode.
In the RCDS mode Raster Navigational Charts (RNCs) can
be used to meet SOLAS carriage requirements, only if
allowed and approved by the flag state.
SOLAS Chapter V
Due to the limitations of RNCs as compared to ENCs,
IMO Performance Standards require that an appropriate
portfolio of up-to-date paper charts be carried when
operating ECDIS in the RCDS mode of operation.
In areas where ENCs or RNCs are not available, ships
must carry all paper charts necessary for the intended
voyage.
Appropriate Portfolio
Appropriate Portfolio of up-to-date paper Charts (APC)
means a suite of paper charts of a scale to show
sufficient detail of topography, depths, navigational
hazards, aids to navigation, charted routes, and routeing
measures to provide the mariner with information on the
overall navigational environment.
The APC should provide adequate look-ahead capability.
Coastal States will provide details of the charts which
meet the requirement of this portfolio, and these details
are included in a worldwide database maintained by the
IHO.
SOLAS Chapter V
Regulation 27 Nautical Charts & Nautical
Publications
Nautical charts and nautical publications, such as
sailing directions, lists of lights, notices to
mariners, tide tables and all other nautical
publications necessary for the intended voyage,
shall be adequate and up to date.
History of ECDIS
1982 - Japanese fishing vessels started
using video plotters
1984 - More than 2000 were in use mostly on tankers
Computers became more powerful and

cheaper
History of ECDIS
Several manufacturers were now developing
electronic chart systems, it was of immediate
importance to all concerned to have at least a
first draft of the IHO and IMO guidance for both
the Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC) and its
display systems (ECDIS).
History of ECDIS
1986 - The IMO, IHO, IEC and several other
International organizations form committees
and working groups to develop standards for
ECDIS.
The IHO establish a Committee on ECDIS (COE)
which later became called the Committee on
Hydrographic Requirements for Information
Systems (CHRIS).
History of ECDIS
1987 - The IHO/COE developed the first draft

standards for chart content, display & updating (S-52)
and also the transfer standard for digital hydrographic
data (S-57).
1989 - The IMO/IHO Harmonization Group on ECDIS
(HGE) developed draft performance standards for
ECDIS based around IHOs standards for electronic
chart content and display (S-52) and digital
hydrographic data (S-57).
History of ECDIS
1990 The DX-90 Data Exchange Standard is
developed primarily by NOAA.
1992 The IHO officially adopt S-57 as the
Hydrographic Data Transfer Standard at the
14th International Hydrographic Conference in
May 1992.
History of ECDIS
1993 - The IMO Sub-Committee on the Safety
of Navigation (NAV) endorse the Provisional
Performance Standards for ECDIS and submit
to the Maritime Safety Committee (MSC) for
approval and submission to the 1995 IMO
Assembly for adoption.
IMO Resolution A.817(19)

IMO Performance Standards for Electronic Chart Display
Adopted on 23rd November 1995
by IMO Resolution A.817(19)
Consists of 15 sections and 5 Appendix
S-57 Hydrographic Data Transfer Standard
1996 - The DX-90 data transfer standard was

transformed into S-57 and released as
Edition 3.0 in November 1996.
Resolution MSC.64(67)
In 1996 IMO Resolution A.817(19) was amended by
This Resolution added a new appendix to the annex to
Resolution A.817(19)
Appendix 6 - Back-Up Requirements
Adopted 4th December 1996
This describes the functional and operational requirements
to enable the timely transfer to the back-up system to
allow the vessel to be navigated safely until the
termination of the voyage.
IEC 61174
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) publishes
International Standard IEC 61174
Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS)
Operational and Performance Requirements, Methods of
Testing and Required Test Results
First Edition 1998-08
International Organizations Involved in ECDIS

Chart Content, Display and Updating
Navigation and Safety
IHO
IMO
MSC
NAV
WEND
CHRIS
Res A.817(19)
S-52 Specification for chart contents

S-52 Ann 1 Guidance Update
HGE
IEC
TC80
S-52 Ann 2 Colours and Symbols

S-52 Ann 3 Glossary of Terms
S-57 IHO Transfer Standard
WG7
IEC 61174
Equipment & Testing
DGIWG
ISO
Other Organizations
CIRM
IMO International Maritime Organization

MSC Maritime Safety Committee
NAV Safety of Navigation Sub-Committee
IHO International Hydrographic Organization
WEND Worldwide ENC Database
CHRIS Committee on Hydrographic Requirements for
Information Systems
IEC International Electrotechnical Commission

TC80 IEC Committee on Maritime Navigational Chart
Database
WG 7 IEC Working Group on ECDIS
HGE Harmonization Group on ECDIS
DGIWG Digital Geographic Informational Working
Group
ISO International Organization for Standards
CIRM Committee International Radio-Maritime
In 1998 IMO Resolution A.817(19) was amended by

This Resolution added another new appendix to the annex to
Resolution A.817(19)
Appendix 7 - RCDS Mode of Operation
Adopted 8th December 1998
This states the requirements to permit the operation of ECDIS
equipment in RCDS mode in areas where no ENC chart
coverage is provided.
ECDIS Type Approval
The worlds first type approved ECDIS

system was certified by the German
organization BSH, to Transas in 1999.
Navi-Sailor 2400
IEC 61174
In 2001 the International Electrotechnical Commission
(IEC) publishes a revision of International Standard IEC
61174
Operational and Performance Requirements,
Methods of Testing and Required Test Results
Second Edition 2001-11
HSC Code
The first mandatory carriage requirement of

ECDIS was onboard High-Speed Craft as
follows:
craft constructed on or after 1 July 2008;
craft constructed before 1 July 2008, not
later than 1 July 2010.
NAV52
The Safety of Navigation Sub-Committee

meeting in 2006 (NAV52) taking into account
the technological progress and experience
gained recognized the need to improve the
previously adopted resolution A.817(19), as
amended, performance standards for ECDIS in
order to ensure the operational reliability of
such equipment.
IMO Resolution MSC.232(82)

Revised Performance Standards for Electronic Chart
Display and Information Systems (ECDIS)
Adopted on 5th December 2006
by IMO Resolution MSC.232(82)
Entered into force on 01 January 2009
Consists of 16 sections and 7 Appendix
IEC 61174
In 2008 the International Electrotechnical Commission
(IEC) publishes a revision of International Standard IEC
61174
Operational and Performance Requirements,
Methods of Testing and Required Test Results
Edition 3.0 2000-09
NAV54
At the July 2008 meeting of the Safety
of Navigation Sub-Committee (NAV54)
agreement was reached on an
implementation schedule for
mandatory ECDIS on vessels.
With agreement having finally been reached, IMO

followed the necessary steps to add this requirement
to IMO's Safety Of Life At Sea (SOLAS) Convention.
SOLAS Chapter V

2.1 All ships irrespective of size shall have:
2.1.4 nautical charts and nautical publications to plan and
display the ships route for the intended voyage and to plot
and monitor positions throughout the voyage; an Electronic
Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS) is also
accepted as meeting the chart carriage requirements of this
subparagraph. Ships to which paragraph 2.10 applies shall
comply with the carriage requirements for ECDIS detailed
therein;
SOLAS Chapter V
2.10 Ships engaged on international voyages shall be fitted
with an Electronic Chart Display and Information System
(ECDIS) as follows:
.1 passenger ships 500 gross tonnage and upwards
constructed on or after 1 July 2012;
.2 tankers of 3,000 gross tonnage and upwards
constructed on or after 1 July 2012;
.3 cargo ships, other than tankers, of 10,000
gross tonnage and upwards constructed on or
after
1 July 2013;
.4 cargo ships, other than tankers, of 3,000 gross
tonnage and upwards but less than 10,000 gross
tonnage constructed on or after 1 July 2014;
SOLAS Chapter V
.5 passenger ships 500 gross tonnage and upwards
constructed before 1 July 2012, not later than the first
survey on or after 1 July 2014;
.6 tankers of 3,000 gross tonnage and upwards
constructed before 1 July 2012, not later than the first
survey on or after 1 July
2015;
gross tonnage and upwards constructed
before 1
July 2013, not later than the first survey on or after 1 July
2016;
SOLAS Chapter V

gross
tonnage and upwards but less than 50,000
gross
tonnage constructed before 1 July 2013,
not later than the first survey on or after 1 July 2017;
and
.9 cargo ships, other than tankers, of 10,000 gross
tonnage and upwards but less than 20,000 gross
tonnage constructed before 1 July 2013, not later
than the first survey on or after 1 July 2018;
2.11 Administrations may exempt ships from the
application of the requirements of paragraph 2.10
when such ships will be taken permanently out of
service within two years after the implementation
date specified in subparagraphs .5 to .9 of paragraph
2.10.
Structure of ECDIS
INPUT SENSORS
POSITION
(WGS84)
ECDIS
Software
DATABASE
SENCs
SPEED LOG
GYRO HEADING
CPU
MONITOR AND
CONTROLS
ECDIS Configuration
TRANSAS
Navi-Sailor
3000 Training
ECDISCenter
Configuration
Philippine Seafarers
NMEA 0183
DGPS
GPS
ECDIS
AUTOPILOT
NMEA OUTPUT
GYRO
VDR
LOG
AIS
ARPA X-Band
ARPA S-Band
ECHO SOUNDER
WIND
WATER TEMP
NAVTEX
YEOMAN
The NMEA 0183 Interface Standard defines

electrical signal requirements, data transmission
protocol and time, and specific sentence formats
for a serial data bus.
Most sentences begin with a $ followed by a two
character talker ID and three character sentence
identifier.
Exception is AIS which transmits a sentence
beginning with !
Cycle of Operation
INPUT SENSORS
LATITUDE
LONGITUDE
SPEED
PC
MONITOR
MOUSE
OOW
COURSE
Datums
Datum used by Electronic Charts is WGS84
The positioning system (GPS) must be set to WGS84
also, so that the ship is displayed in the correct
position on the chart display
There will often be a different datum on the paper
chart. This difference is known as the datum shift.
Understanding of this difference is vital to safety
WGS 84
Position Shifts from Datum Differences in Comparison With WGS 84

Definition of ECDIS
Electronic Chart Display and Information System
(ECDIS) means a navigation information system
which with adequate back-up arrangements can be
accepted as complying with the up-to-date chart
required by regulations V/19 and V/27 of the 1974
SOLAS Convention, as amended, by displaying
selected information from a system electronic
navigational chart (SENC) with positional
information from navigation sensors to assist the
mariner in route planning and route monitoring,
and if required display additional navigation-related
information.
Definition of ENC
Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC) means the
database, standardized as to content, structure and
format, issued for use with ECDIS by or on the
authority of a Government, authorized Hydrographic
Office or other relevant government institution, and
conform to IHO standards. The ENC contains all the
chart information necessary for safe navigation and
may contain supplementary information in addition
to that contained in the paper chart (e.g., sailing
directions) which may be considered necessary for
safe navigation.
Definition of System ENC (SENC)
System Electronic Navigational Chart (SENC) means

a database, in the manufacturers internal ECDIS
format, resulting from the lossless transformation of
the entire ENC contents and its updates. It is this
database that is accessed by ECDIS for the display
generation and other navigational functions, and is
equivalent to an up-to-date paper chart. The SENC
may also contain information added by the mariner
and information from other sources.
DATA
Displaying the ENC

SOFTWARE
(ECDIS Kernel)
DISPLAY
ENC
SENC
ENC 1
IHO S-52
ENC 2
ENC 3
IHO S-57
ENC Transformed into SENC
(PresLib Ed 3.4)
Definition of RCDS
Raster Chart Display System (RCDS) means a

navigation information system displaying
RNCs with positional information from
navigation sensors to assist the mariner in
route planning and route monitoring, and if
required, display additional navigationrelated information.
Definition of RNC
Raster Navigational Chart (RNC) means a

facsimile of a paper chart originated by, or
distributed on the authority of, a
government-authorized hydrographic office.
RNC is used in these standards to mean
either a single chart or a collection of
charts.
Definition of System RNC (SRNC)
System Raster Navigational Chart Database

(SRNC) means a database resulting from the
transformation of the RNC by the RCDS to
include updates to the RNC by appropriate
means.
ECDIS / RCDS mode

ECDIS equipment
Type-approved?
Yes
Adequate ENC
coverage?
Yes
Yes
ECDIS
No
No
No
RCDS capable?
ENC with updates

onboard?
Yes
RNC data and

service?
Yes
RCDS
mode
No
No
ECS equipment
Other EC data
ECS
RCDS mode does not have the full functionality of ECDIS, and can only be used
together with an appropriate portfolio of up-to-date paper charts.
ENC Cell
An S-57 ENC chart is also called a cell which has a

defined geographical coverage and intended
navigational usage.
It is defined in ECDIS as the basic unit of ENC data
covering a defined geographical area bounded by two
meridians and two parallels.
Data of cells of the same usage do not overlap, enabling
a seamless chart display.
The size of a cell must not exceed 5 megabytes.
Projections
ENC chart cells come without geographic projection, only
defined coordinates. The ECDIS software provides the
geographic projection for display. The following
projections are typically provided:
None
Cylindrical (Mercator)
Cylindrical (Transverse Mercator)
RADAR Projection (Equidistant)
Orthographic
Stereographic
Gnomonic
Projections
Cylindrical (Mercator)
Tangent Equator
N
Cylindrical (Transverse Mercator)

Tangent along meridian
(Good for higher Latitudes)
Projections
C
A Gnominic
B Stereographic
C - Orthographic
Modes
Open sea
Coastal
Confined waters
(Confined waters includes narrow waters, harbour

areas, anchorage and pilotage areas)
Display Base
Display Base means the chart content as listed
in appendix 2 of Resolution MSC.232(82) and
which cannot be removed from the display.
It is permanently retained on the display.
It is not intended to be sufficient for safe
navigation.
Standard Display
Standard Display is the display mode
intended to be used as a minimum during
route planning and route monitoring.
The chart content is listed in appendix 2 of
Resolution MSC.232(82).
Displayed at switch-on, recalled by single
operator action.
Passage / Route Planning
Appraisal
Use the digital chart catalogue
Planning
Create the route on updated charts
Check the route
Save the route
Passage / Route Planning
Execution
Execute the route as planned
Monitoring
Monitor the vessels progress along the
planned route
Physically - by observation
Automatically - alarms on the ECDIS
The Operational Use of Electronic Chart Display

Part 2 Principal Types of Electronic Charts (ENC & RNC)
ARCS
Electronic Charts
BSB
Transas TX97
ENC
The Basic Difference
Raster charts are simply bitmap images

created by scanning a paper chart
Vector charts portray charted features as
points, lines, or areas with amplifying
information (attributes) found in an
associated database
Digital Spatial Data
Raster
Vector
Real World
Raster Charts
Raster format charts are produced by :

Scanning the original paper charts
Raster Charts
A set of colored pixels
representing chart
information as a picture on
computer screen
Simply an array of pixels
arranged in rows and columns
Pixels are color coded, but do
not represent features
explicitly
The Appeal of Raster Charts

Looks like a paper chart
Cheap and easy to produce
(scan existing paper chart)
Runs easily on PC
World-wide availability
A Raster Chart
ARCS
chart of River
Humber,
UK Center
Philippine
Seafarers Training
Vector Data
An intelligent form of digital

geographic data where real world
objects are represented by points,
lines and polygons. An objects
representation is described by
attributes and coordinates.
Examples include:
Digitized Maps
GIS Data
Digital Vectorized Charts
Digital technology is used to develop

electronic charts from traditional paper
charts and directly from marine survey
data.
Digitizer (in tabular form old)
Scan and digitize electronically
Feature Entities
A Feature consists of both the spatial data linked
with its attributes in a feature table.
River
Feature Entities
Spatial Data
#1
#2
simple point
simple line
Attribute Data
simple polygon
ID
LENGTH WIDTH
complex
2035.00
25.00
525.00
18.00
Vector Data
Lake
4
6
Features:
Line
Points:
Connected
Detached
Area
Text
Spatial Data Analysis
Geographic data are separated

into themes and tiled for speed of
access
Network Analysis
Layers of Information on a Vector Chart

Raw Radar
Radar Tracks
Symbols
Bearing Lines
Depth Contours
Depth Numbers
Buoys, Lights
Obstacles
Basic Chart
Land Contours
Topography
A Vector Chart
ENC20090724
chart of
ECDS Revision 1.21
Subic BayPhilippine
Freeport
Transas
Navi-Sailor 2400
Seafarers
Training Center
ENC Chart Usage

The S-57 standard classifies digital charts into six different types
of usage. The usage of a chart depends on the scale of its
source.
The six types of usage are:
1. Overview
(Scale Range < 1:1,499,999)
2. General
(Scale Range
1:350,000 1:1,499,999)
3. Coastal
(Scale Range
1:90,000 1:349,999)
4. Approach
(Scale Range
1:22,000 1:89,999)
5. Harbour
(Scale Range
1:4,000 1:21,999)
6. Berthing
(Scale Range > 1:4,000)
ENC Intended Usage

Navigational Purpose
Definition for intended use
Overview
For route planning and ocean crossing.
General
For navigating oceans, approaching coasts and

route planning.
Coastal
For navigating along the coastline, either inshore

or offshore.
Approach
Navigating the approaches to ports or major

channels or through intricate or congested waters.
Harbour
Navigating within ports, harbours, bays, rivers and

canals, for anchorages.
Berthing
Detailed data to aid berthing.
ENC Chart Display

Most ECDIS user interfaces only allow a selection of the
chart display by range or scale, and not by chart usage.
Like traditional radar ranges, display ranges define the
radius of a circular view around the centre of the
screen.
The diameter of the view coincides with the vertical
extent of the rectangular chart display.
Radar Overlay on ENC Charts

Radar Range
Standard Scale (Rounded)
200 NM
1 : 3,000,000
96 NM
1 : 1,500,000
48 NM
1 : 700,000
24 NM
1 : 350,000
12 NM
1 : 180,000
6 NM
1 : 90,000
3 NM
1 : 45,000
1.5 NM
1 : 22,000
0.75 NM
1 : 12,000
0.5 NM
1 : 8,000
0.25 NM
1 : 4,000
Table of recommended ENC chart compilation scales to facilitate display of radar

video
over official ENCs.
ENC Chart Identification

Each official ENC is identified by an 8 character identifier
The first two characters indicate the Producer Code
The third digit indicates the Navigational Purpose
Followed by alpha-numeric unique identifier
GB100012
United Kingdom, Overview
US2WC12M United States, General (last character M = Metric)

FR301030
France, Coastal
PH4SBY40 Philippines, Approach

ES504451
SE6D17LA
Spain, Harbour
Sweden, Berthing
Underscale
In ECDIS the condition where data displayed are
not the largest scale NAVIGATIONAL PURPOSE
data available for that area.
Overscale
In ECDIS, to display the chart information at a display
scale larger than the compilation scale.
When the data displayed is from data of two different
navigational purposes the chart display will, where
drawn at a larger scale, include an overscale area of
data from the smaller scale cell in order to complete
the display. This area should be identified by the
overscale pattern of the presentation library.
Overscale
Overscale
chart cell
Overscale chart SingaporePhilippine

displayed
on Maris ECDIS900
Seafarers Training Center
SCAMIN Attribute
The SCAMIN attribute of an object determines

the display scale below which the object must
no longer be displayed. Thereby the clutter on
the screen of an ECDIS is reduced.
For example a buoy with SCAMIN set to 50,000
will disappear from the ECDIS display when
zooming out and reducing the display scale
below 1:50,000.
Own Ships Safety Contour

. .
Chart Datum
Shallow Contour
Safety Contour (16m input value by mariner)
Safety Contour (20m value existing in the SENC)
Deep Contour
Unsafe Water
Safe Water
Four colour depth contour scheme
In ECDIS the contour related to the own ship selected by the

mariner from the contours provided for in the SENC, to be
used by ECDIS to distinguish on the DISPLAY between the
safe and the unsafe water, and for generating anti-grounding
ALARMS
ECDS
Revision 1.21 20090724
Own Ships Safety Contour
Safety Contour
Selected Safety Contour 16m

Training
Center
DisplayedPhilippine
SafetySeafarers
Contour
20m
Safety Depth
. .
Safety Depth
Chart Datum
=> Safety Contour
Shallow Contour
Safety Contour (selected by mariner)

Safety Contour (value existing in the SENC)
Deep Contour
Unsafe Water
Safe Water
Four colour depth contour scheme
In ECDIS the depth defined by the mariner, e.g. the ships

draft plus under keel clearance, to be used by the ECDIS to
emphasize soundings on the DISPLAY equal to or less than
this value
(Can not be less than Safety
Contour value)
Safety Depth
Safety Depth
Selected Safety Depth 13m

Highlighted
Philippine=Seafarers
Training
Soundings
13m or
lessCenter
Two Colour Depth Scheme

. .
Chart Datum
Safety Depth 17m

Shallow Contour 10m
Safety Contour (16m input value by mariner)
Safety Contour (20m value existing in the SENC)
113
177
Unsafe Water
23
Deep Contour 50m
Safe Water
Two colour depth contour scheme
Safe and unsafe waters can be displayed in

two different colours.
Two Colour Depth Scheme
Shallow Contour 10m
Deep Contour 50m
SAFE WATER
UNSAFE WATER
Safety Contour 20m
Safe and Unsafe waters
Preslib
Presentation Library
ENC data does not contain any information concerning
symbolizing; the presentation of the chart on the screen
and on the display is realized by using the presentation
library (PRESLIB) published in the Special Publication (S52).
Nav53 considered the issue of maintenance of ECDIS
software and agreed that proper maintenance of ECDIS
software was an important issue.
S/N.1/Circ.266 was issued on 22nd October 2007.
S-52 Preslib Edition 3.4

Presentation Library
In January 2007, Supplement No.1 to the IHO ENC
Product Specification was introduced in order to
include, within the ENC Particularly Sensitive Sea Areas
(PSSA) and Archipelagic Sea Lanes (ASL).
Any ECDIS which has not been upgraded to the latest
version of the Product Specification or the S-52
Presentation Library may be unable to correctly display
the latest charted features and may not meet the
chart carriage requirements as set out in SOLAS
regulation V/19.2.1.4.
Comparison of ECDIS/RCDS
Alarm systems
Horizontal datum and chart projections
Chart features simplification
Look ahead capability
Orientation for information
Display of safety contour / depth
Colours may differ
US BSB
Raster
Chart
US ENC
Vector
Chart
Orange boarder
indicates RCDS
mode (Transas)
US BSB Raster charts displayed

on Transas Navi-Sailor 3000
On a Vector chart lines are displayed as

lines irrespective of scale or zooming.
On a Raster chart lines become areas as

scale
is increased by
zooming
in. Center
ECDS Revision
1.21 20090724
Philippine
Seafarers Training
ENC Chart Symbols

Obstruction (foul ground)
74
Wreck of known depth
Underwater Rock (awash)

Obstruction as isolated danger
If shallower
Wreck as isolated danger
than safety
Underwater rock as isolated danger
contour
Official / Unofficial Charts
ENC
Unofficial data
(up to date official paper chart required)
Border of ENC chart displaying interface

between official and unofficial data
Obtaining New Charts
Carry discs containing all ENC and RNC charts on

board and obtain a license or permit to unlock
newly required charts.
Chart services using email attachments and
internet access are becoming more common.
Maris MDS (Maritime Digital Service)
Admiralty AVCS (Admiralty Vector Chart Service)
Admiralty Digital Catalogue
UKHO
Admiralty Philippine
Digital Seafarers
Catalogue
(AVCS)
Training
Center
SENC Delivery
At the 16th International Hydrographic

Conference, (Monaco 14-19 April 2002), the IHO
Member States accepted the SENC Delivery
Option, thus allowing that ENC data be
distributed in a proprietary SENC format.
Transas (SENC service)
SevenCs (Direct ENC)
Subscriptions include Updates

Update/New CD of all charts every three months
AVCS includes free back-up copy
Pay to view, permit for 3 months
Update current passage (Working Folio) charts at sea
via satellite
Update other charts (Standing Folio) in port via
internet or from update CD
ENC Chart Coverage
Check country coverage when

ordering charts.
In this example order French chart to
complete coverage of Dover Straits.
British Admiralty ENC chart

of Dover Straits - Maris ECDIS900
Correcting Charts Automatically

SEMI-AUTOMATIC UPDATING
In ECDIS, the application of corrections to ENC data
in the SENC updating in a fully integrated state, by
hard media or telecommunications transfer in a
manner which requires human intervention at the
ECDIS interface.
FULLY AUTOMATIC UPDATING
In ECDIS the application of corrections to ENC data
in the SENC in a fully integrated state, without
human intervention.
ENC Update History
GB489110 Ed.2
Update 2
Red highlight showing

applied correction to
coastline
Displaying
Update History to Chart
GB489110 on Maris ECDIS900
Correcting Charts Manually

MANUAL UPDATING
In ECDIS, the manual application of corrections to ENC
data in the SENC by human operator, usually based on
unformatted update information (such as Notices to
Mariners, voice radio, verbal communications, etc.).
The manual application of hand corrections to nautical
charts.
LOCAL UPDATES
In ECDIS a generic term used to indicate all update
information other than Official Updates, regardless of
source; for application as a Manual Update only as
opposed to automatic updates.
Manually Updated Chart
Current S-57 Standards
S-57 ENC
S-57 Edition 3.0 published Nov 1996
frozen for 4 yrs + 2 additional years
S-57 3.1 issued Dec 2000
S-57 Edition 4.0 (not released)
S-57 Edition 3.1.1
S-57 Maintenance Document (Cumulative)
Number 8
Current Status ENC Coverage

ENC chart coverage is still not entirely global.
However, the UKHO who operate the Admiralty
Vector Chart Service (AVCS) said it hoped to be
able to cover 2,000 of the worlds top ports, which
account for 98% of the worlds tonnage by the end
of 2008.
AVCS provides navigators with an integrated set of
electronic navigational charts (ENCs) schemed in
folios along the major shipping routes covering the
worlds top ports.
Future Changes to Standards

The IHO is in the process of developing an IHO Geospatial
Information Infrastructure. The core component of this will
be the S-100 Geospatial Standard for Hydrographic Data
and its associated information registry.
S-101 is intended to be the next generation ENC product
specification. It will be based on S-100. The reason for
moving to S-101 is to have a more flexible standard so that
the IHO can react quickly to changes.
However, the IHO stated during the 3rd ECDIS Stakeholders
Forum in November 2007 that S-101 ENC will not affect S57 based ECDIS for the next 10 to 15 years.

ECDIS Hand-Outs 2

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The Operational Use of Electronic Chart Display

and Information Systems (ECDIS)

Part 1 Legal Aspects, History and Regulations

ECDS Revision 1.21

Philippine Seafarers Training Center

ECDS Revision 1.21 20090724

Philippine Seafarers Training Center

Legal Aspects and Requirements

ECDS Revision 1.21 20090724

Philippine Seafarers Training Center

Legal Aspects and Requirements

ECDS Revision 1.21 20090724

Philippine Seafarers Training Center

Philippine Seafarers Training Center

Philippine Seafarers Training Center

Philippine Seafarers Training Center

ECDS Revision 1.21 20090724

Philippine Seafarers Training Center

Chart-Radar is a radar-based system meeting the IMO Performance

Philippine Seafarers Training Center

Philippine Seafarers Training Center

ECDS Revision 1.21 20090724

Philippine Seafarers Training Center

Philippine Seafarers Training Center

ECDS Revision 1.21 20090724

Philippine Seafarers Training Center

1984 - More than 2000 were in use mostly on tankers

Computers became more powerful and

ECDS Revision 1.21 20090724

Philippine Seafarers Training Center

ECDS Revision 1.21 20090724

Philippine Seafarers Training Center

Philippine Seafarers Training Center

1987 - The IHO/COE developed the first draft

Philippine Seafarers Training Center

ECDS Revision 1.21 20090724

Philippine Seafarers Training Center

ECDS Revision 1.21 20090724

Philippine Seafarers Training Center

IMO Resolution A.817(19)

ECDS Revision 1.21 20090724

Philippine Seafarers Training Center

S-57 Hydrographic Data Transfer Standard

1996 - The DX-90 data transfer standard was

ECDS Revision 1.21 20090724

Philippine Seafarers Training Center

Philippine Seafarers Training Center

ECDS Revision 1.21 20090724

Philippine Seafarers Training Center

International Organizations Involved in ECDIS

S-52 Specification for chart contents

S-52 Ann 2 Colours and Symbols

Equipment & Testing

ECDS Revision 1.21 20090724

International Organizations Involved in ECDIS

IMO International Maritime Organization

ECDS Revision 1.21 20090724

Philippine Seafarers Training Center

International Organizations Involved in ECDIS

IEC International Electrotechnical Commission

Philippine Seafarers Training Center

In 1998 IMO Resolution A.817(19) was amended by

Philippine Seafarers Training Center