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QuadroStar

SERVICE MANUAL

Version 2.0
English

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Contents
Contents
Contents.................................................................................................................................. 3
List of illustrations .................................................................................................................. 6
1
Technical Data ................................................................................................................. 7
1.1 General specifications .................................................................................................. 7
1.2 Laser specifications ...................................................................................................... 7
2
Device models.................................................................................................................. 9
3
Subassemblies of the device ........................................................................................ 10
4
Installation of the device ............................................................................................... 11
4.1 Safety notes................................................................................................................ 11
4.2 Notes on installation ................................................................................................... 11
4.2.1
Preparing the laser device................................................................................. 12
4.2.2
Scope of delivery............................................................................................... 13
4.2.3
Connection of warning lamp and door interlock ................................................. 13
4.2.4
Fuses ................................................................................................................ 14
4.2.5
Laser dongle ..................................................................................................... 14
4.3 Installation report ........................................................................................................ 15
4.3.1
Measuring the output power of the device ......................................................... 15
5
Start-up of the device .................................................................................................... 16
5.1 Switching on ............................................................................................................... 16
6
Software description: Operating mode ........................................................................ 17
6.1 Adjustment of treatment parameters ........................................................................... 17
6.2 Adjustment of spot size............................................................................................... 19
6.3 Adjustment of aiming beam intensity .......................................................................... 19
6.4 Special functions (TOOLS) ......................................................................................... 19
6.4.1
Laser calibration ................................................................................................ 20
6.4.2
Calibration of the touchscreen ........................................................................... 21
6.5 Activation of Ready mode and treatment .................................................................... 21
6.5.1
Releasing the treatment beam .......................................................................... 22
6.5.2
Switching the device off .................................................................................... 22
7
Software description: Service mode ............................................................................ 23
7.1 Boot process............................................................................................................... 23
7.2 Configuration of HyperTerminal .................................................................................. 24
7.3 Capture text ................................................................................................................ 25
7.4 Main menu .................................................................................................................. 28
7.5 Tools Menu ................................................................................................................. 28
7.6 Menu for language selection ....................................................................................... 28
7.7 Service code ............................................................................................................... 28
7.8 Service mode .............................................................................................................. 29
7.8.1
Download .......................................................................................................... 29
7.8.2
Digital IN ........................................................................................................... 34
7.8.3
Digital OUT ....................................................................................................... 34
7.8.4
Analog IN/OUT .................................................................................................. 35
7.8.4.1 Power Adjust ................................................................................................. 36
7.8.4.2 TEC Adjust .................................................................................................... 39
7.8.5
Standard Initialization ........................................................................................ 42
7.8.6
Date & Time ...................................................................................................... 42
7.8.7
Module Data ...................................................................................................... 42
7.8.8
Error List ........................................................................................................... 44

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Contents
7.8.9
TecStar ............................................................................................................. 46
7.8.10 Calibration of the touchscreen ........................................................................... 46
8
Error Messages .............................................................................................................. 47
9
Laser modules ............................................................................................................... 50
9.1 Laser safety ................................................................................................................ 50
9.2 Handling diode lasers ................................................................................................. 50
9.3 LBO laser module ....................................................................................................... 50
9.3.1
Principle of LBO disc laser ................................................................................ 51
9.3.2
Design of LBO disc laser ................................................................................... 52
9.3.3
Terminal assignment ......................................................................................... 53
9.3.4
Replacement of LBO disc laser ......................................................................... 53
9.4 Diode laser.................................................................................................................. 54
9.4.1
Principle of diode laser ...................................................................................... 54
9.4.2
Design of diode laser module ............................................................................ 56
9.4.3
Terminal assignment ......................................................................................... 56
9.4.4
Replacement of diode laser ............................................................................... 57
10
Laser cooling.............................................................................................................. 58
10.1
Replacement of fans................................................................................................ 59
10.2
Replacement of the TEC module ............................................................................. 59
11
Fiber port assembly ................................................................................................... 60
11.1
LBO laser ................................................................................................................ 60
11.1.1 Adjustment of fiber port assembly of LBO therapy laser .................................... 60
11.1.2 Adjustment of pilot laser of LBO module ........................................................... 61
11.2
Diode laser .............................................................................................................. 61
11.2.1 Adjustment of fiber port assembly of therapy diode laser .................................. 62
11.2.2 Adjustment of the pilot laser of the diode laser module ..................................... 62
12
Beam delivery system ................................................................................................ 63
12.1
Fiber with handpiece................................................................................................ 63
12.2
Bare Fibers .............................................................................................................. 63
12.3
Special handpieces.................................................................................................. 63
13
Replacement of optical components ........................................................................ 64
13.1
Focusing lenses on fiber port assembly ................................................................... 64
13.1.1 LBO laser (see Figure 16) ................................................................................. 64
13.1.2 Diode laser (see Figure 17) ............................................................................... 64
13.2
Transfer fibers ......................................................................................................... 65
13.3
Focusing handpiece................................................................................................. 65
14
Safety Tests ................................................................................................................ 66
15
Control unit................................................................................................................. 68
15.1
Control concept ....................................................................................................... 68
15.2
Controller ................................................................................................................. 68
15.3
Display Control Unit (DCU) ...................................................................................... 69
15.4
Current measurement .............................................................................................. 70
15.5
Calibration port ........................................................................................................ 70
16
Laser power supply ................................................................................................... 71
16.1
Operating principle .................................................................................................. 71
16.2
Function test of laser power supply ......................................................................... 73
16.3
Control signals ......................................................................................................... 74
16.4
Fusing...................................................................................................................... 74
17
Electronic assemblies ............................................................................................... 75
17.1
Controller pcb .......................................................................................................... 75

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Contents
17.2
Display pcb .............................................................................................................. 77
17.3
TEC pcb .................................................................................................................. 78
17.4
DTI pcb.................................................................................................................... 79
17.5
Current transformer pcb .......................................................................................... 80
18
Spares, wearing parts and service tools .................................................................. 82

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List of illustrations
List of illustrations
Figure 1: Overview of subassemblies ...................................................................................... 10
Figure 2: Front view ................................................................................................................. 11
Figure 3: Connectors on rear panel of device .......................................................................... 12
Figure 4: Connectors for door interlock and laser warning lamp .............................................. 14
Figure 5: "Standby" menu: Repeat pulse mode with handpiece ............................................... 17
Figure 6: Tools menu ............................................................................................................... 19
Figure 7: "Ready" menu in Burst mode with handpiece ........................................................... 22
Figure 8: HyperTerminal .......................................................................................................... 23
Figure 9: Principle of the LBO disc laser .................................................................................. 51
Figure 10: Design of LBO laser ............................................................................................... 52
Figure 11: Pin assignment of LBO D-Sub connector ............................................................... 53
Figure 12: High-power diode laser ........................................................................................... 55
Figure 13: Staircase mirror ...................................................................................................... 55
Figure 14: Diode laser module ................................................................................................. 56
Figure 15: Laser cooling system .............................................................................................. 59
Figure 16: LBO fiber port assembly ......................................................................................... 60
Figure 17: Fiber port assembly of diode laser .......................................................................... 61
Figure 18: Handpiece .............................................................................................................. 65
Figure 19: Control unit ............................................................................................................. 69
Figure 20: DCU unit ................................................................................................................. 69
Figure 21: Calibration port ....................................................................................................... 70
Figure 22: Laser power supply................................................................................................. 71
Figure 23: Block diagram of power supply ............................................................................... 73
Figure 24: Controller pcb ......................................................................................................... 75
Figure 25: PWM adjustment of diode current on controller pcb ............................................... 77
Figure 26: Display pcb ............................................................................................................. 77
Figure 27: TEC pcb ................................................................................................................. 79
Figure 28: DTI pcb ................................................................................................................... 80
Figure 29: Current transformer pcb.......................................................................................... 81

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1

Technical Data

1.1

General specifications

Flexible optical fiber


LCD display
Touchscreen
Internal air cooling, power-regulated
Potential-free contact, 5 VDC / max. 20 mA (TTL)
Potential-free relay contact
max. 24 V / 0,5 A (normally open contact)
Temperature: +15 C ... +30 C
Operating conditions:
Relative humidity: 85 %
Atmospheric pressure:...700 ... 1060 hPa
Transport and storage conditions: Temperature: -5C ... +55C
Relative humidity:...10 % ... 95 % (no condensation)
41 x 39 x 21 cm
Dimensions (W x D x H):
18.5 kg
Weight:
115 / 230 VAC
Power requirements:
50/60 Hz
max. 600 VA
Classification acc. to German MPA II b
Beam guidance:
Display:
Operator guidance:
Cooling:
Door interlock connector:
Laser warning lamp:

Protection Class:
1.2

Laser specifications

Beam divergence (half angle):

Diode-pumped, frequency-doubled
solid-state laser (LBO)
532 nm
4 (requires laser-protective eyewear D 532 L4)
0.5 5 watts, distal
cw, single pulse, burst and repeat pulse mode
5 ms 2.5 s, adjustable
1 120 Hz
2 50, infinite
max 20 %
Handpiece 0.5; 1.0 and 1.5 mm
0.5 ... approx. 6,300 J/cm,
adjustable depending on handpiece used
max. 125 mrad (7,2)

Laser type:

Diode laser

Laser type:
Wavelength:
Laser Class:
Laser power:
Operating modes:
Pulse duration:
Pulse repetition rate:
Number of pulses in burst mode:
Tolerance of output power:
Spot size:
Energy density:

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Wavelengths:

Laser Class:
Laser power:
Operating modes:
Pulse duration:
Pulse repetition rate:
Tolerance of output power:
Spot size:
Energy density:
Beam divergence (half angle):
Number of pulses in burst mode:
Laser type
Wavelength
Laser Class
Laser power
Operating modes
Laser type:

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808 nm
938 nm
978 nm
4 (requires laser-protective eyewear D 808-978 L3)
1 25 watts, distal
cw, single pulse, burst and repeat pulse mode
5 ms 2.5 s, adjustable
1 120 Hz
max 20 %
Handpiece 0.6; 1.0 and 1.5 mm
Bare fiber 0.2; 0.3 and 0.6 mm
0.5 J/cm approx. 22,000 J/cm,
adjustable depending on handpiece
max. 390 mrad (21) with handpiece
max. 370 mrad (22) with bare fiber
2 50, infinite
Laser diode, aiming laser
635 nm
I
<1mW, adjustable in steps
cw or blinking (ca. 1 Hz)
Diode-pumped, frequency-doubled
solid-state laser (LBO)

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2

Device models
Name
QuadroStar 532/980
QuadroStar 532
QuadroStar 532/940
QuadroStar 532/810
QuadroStar 980
QuadroStar 940
QuadroStar 810

Item No.
1520
1521
1522
1523
1524
1525
1526

Built-in laser(s)
LBO 532 and Diode 978
LBO 532
LBO 532 and Diode 938
LBO 532 nm and Diode 808
Diode 978
Diode 938
Diode 808

The basic unit is the same for all device models. The models only differ in the number and the
type of the integrated laser modules. On devices with two integrated laser modules, these
cannot be operated simultaneously.
The respective device model can be identified by its Item No. on the type label located on the
rear panel of the device.

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3

Subassemblies of the device


Line, fuse
Interface (door/lamp, serv., IC, foot.)

Power Supply

CPU / Controler PCB

QNF PCB

Controler

DTI
PCB

Fan

Laser Unit

LBO Disc
Laser

Module 1

Module 2

TEC Driver
Diode Driver
CPU Driver
Interface

TEC Driver
Diode Driver
CPU Driver
Interface

CT
PCB

Diode
Laser

Housing

Fan

Fan

Optic-Interface
FC
LBO

TEC Controler PCB

Cooling Unit

AC/DC
Converter

Display Control Unit


Display Controler PCB

Caliport

FC
Diode

Display/Touch/Joggle

Figure 1: Overview of subassemblies

For the block diagram of the device, refer to Appendix 1 of this Service Manual.

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4

Installation of the device

4.1

Safety notes

The device is a Class 4 medical laser device (IEC 825), which requires strict observance of the
following safety notes:

4.2

The QuadroStar may only be installed by authorized personnel who successfully


finished a service-training course on this device at Asclepion Laser Technologies
GmbH.
Make sure to avoid any risk to third persons.
Always wear appropriate protective eyewear while working on the laser system.
Any modification of the laser system not approved by Asclepion Laser
Technologies GmbH will result in the expiry of the medical approval, the CE mark
as well as the warranty. In this case, Asclepion Laser Technologies GmbH will not
assume any liability for consequential damage.

Notes on installation
Handpiece
receptacles

Control knob

Display with
touchscreen
Laser warning lamp
Fiber output with
SMA connector
Fiber-coding
connectors

Key switch
Calibration port

Laser STOP button

Figure 2: Front view

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Power switch

Power input connector


Service port
I2C
Line fuses

Equipotential
terminal

Footswitch

Connector for
door interlock and
laser warning
lamp

Figure 3: Connectors on rear panel of device

After every transport, where the difference between the transport temperature and the room
temperature of the installation site exceeds 10 C, allow for at least 2 h for adjustment to the
temperature in the installation room (WITHOUT laser operation).
Afterwards, on every switch on, the system checks the internal temperature to avoid damage to
the laser diodes. As long as the temperature of the heat sink is <15C, a temperature warning
message appears on the display.
Ambient conditions:

Min. 15 cm spacing to any surrounding wall


Room temperature: max. 30C
Relative humidity: max. 85%

Dangerous and flammable substances must not get in contact with the device.
Warning lamp & labels:

Above the entrance to the treatment room, a warning lamp must


be installed. The provided warning labels must be affixed to the
entrances in compliance with the relevant national regulations.

Door interlock

Please observe the relevant national regulations.

4.2.1 Preparing the laser device


1. Remove the device and the accessories from the packaging and check whether all
components are present (see 4.2.2).

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2. Check all shock and inclination sensors at the packaging, if attached. In the event of
damage, immediately make a complaint to the responsible forwarding agency.
3. Remove all transport packing and check the device for any transport damage.
4. Check labeling of the device (refer to User's Manual, Section 13); affix the provided
labels, if necessary.
5. Connect footswitch and door interlock connector (see 4.2.3).
6. Plug the power cable first into the power input connector of the device. Before
connecting the other end of the power cable to the power outlet, make sure the power
switch is set to O (device not powered).
4.2.2 Scope of delivery
Basic device
Basic laser device
Power cable
Footswitch
Remote door interlock connector
Key for key switch (2 units)
User's Manual
Laser-protective eyewear for physician (1 each per laser module)
Laser-protective eyewear for patient (1 unit)
Accessories
Optical fiber with handpiece and three spacers for every laser module
Optional accessories
Bare fiber Diode 810 ... 980 - 200 m core diameter
Bare fiber Diode 810 ... 980 - 300 m core diameter
Bare fiber Diode 810 ... 980 - 400 m core diameter
Bare fiber Diode 810 ... 980 - 600 m core diameter
Bleaching handpiece
Transport case
4.2.3 Connection of warning lamp and door interlock
On the rear panel of the device, a connector is provided for the connection of a door interlock
and a warning lamp (see Figure 3, page 12). If you do not use this facility, make sure to plug
the supplied interlock shorting plug in this connector.

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Door interlock terminals 5 VDC / 20 mA

Relay terminals for laser warning lamp (max. 24 V / 0.5 A)

Figure 4: Connectors for door interlock and laser warning lamp


By connecting the two "door interlock 5 VDC / 20 mA" terminals to an external contact, such as
a door interlock, you can prevent laser radiation from being emitted when the door of the laser
room is opened. That way, the surgical beam is automatically shut off when the door is being
opened thus precluding any risk to the person entering.
This external circuit must never get in touch with a power cable and it must not be
housed in a connector or any other connecting element carrying line voltage.
The laser can only be operated, when the door-interlock circuit is closed. Therefore, the door
interlock connector is factory-fitted with a provided shorting bridge. To connect a door interlock
circuit, remove this bridge and connect your door interlock circuit to the same terminals. If you
do not use a door interlock circuit, keep the shorting bridge connected to the respective
terminals.
The same connector provides connection to a potential-free normally open contact. This
contact allows a galvanically isolated low-voltage circuit for a low-voltage warning lamp
(max. 24V / 0.5 A) to be switched.
The contact closes when the laser is switched to READY mode.
4.2.4 Fuses
The all-pole device line fuse (250V / 6.3AT) is integrated in the power switch of the power
supply and accessible from the rear side. One automotive fuse (15 A blue) each is located on
every diode-driver pcb in the power supply protecting the output of the 12V TEC supply. The
fuses are accessible from the front side of the power supply unit.
4.2.5 Laser dongle
Every laser module is equipped with a dongle. The dongle of diode lasers is located in the
module; that of the LBO laser is located externally on the module. The dingles are connected
to the DTI PCB.
When a laser module has to be replaced, the dongle must remain connected
to the module. Otherwise, the warranty is void.

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The dongles are exclusively initialized in the factory. The following basic data is stored to the
dongle:
S/N and start-up date of laser module
Name and S/N of the device into which the laser module was fitted
Maximum laser power
Wavelength
In addition, the dongles store important operating parameters, such as
adjustment and calibration data
total energy emitted
number of emitted pulses
period the laser was in READY mode
last system errors
The stored data can be recalled via the Service menu. The most important basic data cannot
be reset.
4.3

Installation report

When commissioning a new device, the function tests and safety tests listed in the
INSTALLATION REPORT must be performed and their results recorded before starting to
work with the device.
4.3.1 Measuring the output power of the device
To ensure correct installation, it is necessary to check the output powers obtained in operating
mode.
To this end, the device must have been installed completely and the corresponding handpiece
be connected.
The power values of the fluence/spot size combinations specified in the INSTALLATION
REPORT are to be checked at various frequencies and the measured values entered in the
report.
The measured values should not deviate by more than 15 % from the displayed energy
values.
Power meter:
Power meter readout (Ophir NOVA)
Power meter sensor head Ophir F150A-SH
Please observe the specified calibration intervals!

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5

Start-up of the device

Before beginning with the start-up procedure, the following requirements must have been
met:
1. The line voltage specified on the label at the rear panel agrees with the line
voltage available at the place of installation.
2. The power plug has been plugged into an appropriate power outlet.
3. The potential equalizing cable has been connected (if required).
4. The SMA connector of the applicator (bare fiber or fiber with handpiece) has been
firmly connected to the SMA connector of the fiber output on the front panel of the
device. The fiber-coding plug has been plugged into the corresponding connector.
5. The footswitch plug has been properly connected to the footswitch connector on
the rear panel of the device and screwed down.
6. Warning lamps have been mounted at the laser room entrance and switched on (if
necessary).
5.1

Switching on

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Switch the power switch on the rear panel of the device to I (ON). The switch
lights green and the fan in the power supply starts running.
Verify that the Laser STOP button is deactivated (not pressed).
Insert the key in the key switch (see Figure 2, page 11) and turn it clockwise as
far as it will go.

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6

Software description: Operating mode

6.1

Adjustment of treatment parameters

The treatment parameters are to be adjusted via the touchscreen and the control knob (joggle)
at the right of the front panel (see Figure 2, page 11).
Select the function by pressing the corresponding function key on the touchscreen:
Simple ON/OFF function keys appear highlighted (colored) when activated.
Function keys with several options are marked by a red frame after they were
activated by tapping on them. To select the desired parameter, turn the control knob.
To confirm and store the selected parameter, briefly depress the control knob or
alternatively tap the activated function key on the touchscreen once more.
Keys of adjustable parameters are always highlighted in color. Keys that are not highlighted
are deactivated. They only serve for information. The system confirms successful key
pressures by a short beep signal.
After switch-on, the starting screen with company logo appears on the display, while the device
automatically tests critical and safety-relevant modules.
On devices with two laser modules, first select and confirm the desired wavelength. On having
done so, the device is in "Standby mode with the screen showing all adjustable parameters of
the activated laser module (Figure 5, page 17).
The activated fiber connector is indicated by the laser warning LED lighting directly above the
corresponding SMA fiber connector (see Figure 2, page 11).

Figure 5: "Standby" menu: Repeat pulse mode with handpiece


The treatment parameters adjustable do not only depend on the laser module used, but also
on the operating mode selected and the applicator used.
The following parameters are selectable (From top left to bottom right of the touchscreen):
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Parameter
Wavelength

Pulse duration

Symbol

Display

Restrictions

Selectable only on devices with


several laser modules, ON/OFF
function
Available only in the following
Pulse duration in
operating modes:
ms
single pulse, repeat pulses and burst
Wavelength in
nm

Pulse repetition
rate

Pulse repetition
rate in Hz

Available only in repeat pulse mode

Pulse interval

Pause between
two pulses in ms

Available only in burst mode

Operating mode
Continuous

CW

Single pulse

SINGLE

Multiple pulses

"Burst infinite" corresponds to Repeat


BURST and
pulse mode, but with the pulse
number of pulses interval to be selected instead of the
pulse repetition rate

Repeat pulses

REPEAT

Energy density

Fluence in J/cm

Available only in single pulse, repeat


pulse and burst mode and when
using an applicator with handpiece

Spot size

Spot diameter in
mm

Available only when using a fiber


applicator with handpiece

Laser power

Power in watts

Available only in cw mode or when


using a bare fiber

Aiming beam
laser

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In "Standby, intensity and operating


mode (cw or blinking) are selectable,
in "Ready", only the operating mode.

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6.2

Adjustment of spot size


Beside on the used laser module, the beam diameter of the therapy laser mainly
depends on the applicator used.
As with bare fibers, in general, laser treatment is performed in contact mode, the spot
size achieved with these fibers corresponds to the core diameter. The device
automatically detects the fiber core diameter after the fiber plug was connected to the
SMA connector and the fiber-coding plug was plugged into the corresponding fiber
coding connector.
When you use fibers with handpiece, the spot diameter will not be detected
automatically. The effective beam diameter (spot size) is engraved on the handpiece tip
and must be selected via the beam diameter parameter key. This is required for the
correct calculation of the fluence values.

6.3

Adjustment of aiming beam intensity

In "Standby mode, the aiming beam intensity can be varied by activation of the Pilot key
(Figure 5, page 17) and turning the control knob. The variations are directly visible at the
aiming beam. However, the new setting will be stored only by a pressure of the control knob or
the Pilot key. The intensity in continuous mode and a blinking mode are adjustable.
6.4

Special functions (TOOLS)

The "TOOLS" menu is activated by pressing the "Tools" key (Figure 5, page 17). On doing so,
the Tools menu appears on the screen (Figure 6, page 19).

Figure 6: Tools menu

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You can execute the following functions by pressing the corresponding keys:

Key

Function

Remarks

Display of the accumulated total Separate for every module.


lasing time
Display only
Not resettable
Resets the total energy applied
to zero

To be done manually for every


new patient.
Performed automatically when
you switch off the device.

Calibration of laser power

Refer to Section 6.4.1, page 20

Adjustment of display
brightness

To be activated by key pressure;


variation by turning the control
knob and storage by pressing
the key or the control knob

Stores any variations of the


settings and returns to the basic
menu.

6.4.1 Laser calibration


The device allows the periodic calibration of the laser parameters by the user. It is advisable to
calibrate the device at least once a month.
Periodic laser calibration must always be performed with the handpiece
applicator. The use of any other applicator, such as bare fibers, may result
in miscalibration. Therefore, their use is strictly forbidden for calibration.
-

Select the laser module to be calibrated.


On the "Tools" menu, press the "Laser Cali key (Figure 6, page 19)
Follow the prompts appearing on the screen.
Save the new calibration data by pressing the "Save" key or exit the calibration menu
without saving the new data by pressing the "Exit" key.
The calibration procedure may take up to five minutes. Do not release the
footswitch unless the laser switched to "Standby" mode by itself.

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A calibration procedure (also one interrupted by releasing the footswitch)
can be repeated after three minutes at the earliest. During this time, the
calibration key remains locked.

6.4.2 Calibration of the touchscreen


Recalibration of the touchscreen may become necessary when the touch-sensitive fields of the
touchscreen (not visible) and the presentation of the keys on the screen do no longer coincide.
This becomes apparent if the function key, if pressed, responds only sporadically or in
extreme cases not at all.
As from software version 1.3 the recalibration is only possible in the Service mode (see Section
7.8.10).

6.5

Activation of Ready mode and treatment


Key

Standby/Ready

Ready/Standby

Symbol

Display

No

Remarks
Visible only if the device is in
"Standby. By pressing this key, the
device switches to the "Ready
mode (laser is active).
Visible only if the device is in
"Ready mode. By pressing this key,
the device switches to the "Standby
mode (laser not active).

After you pressed the "Standby/Ready" key, the laser switches to the "Ready mode and is
then ready for operation. This means, that when you press the footswitch, laser radiation of the
selected parameters is emitted from the end of the applicator.
On doing so, the "Standby/Ready symbol turns into the "Ready/Standby" symbol and the laser
warning sign appears on the screen (Figure 7, page 22).

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Figure 7: "Ready" menu in Burst mode with handpiece


6.5.1 Releasing the treatment beam
The treatment beam is emitted with the selected operating parameters by pressing the
footswitch. Releasing the footswitch instantly stops the emission of laser radiation.
On depression of the footswitch, Class 4 laser radiation will be emitted
from the end of the fiber/handpiece. Make sure to comply with all relevant
regulations for the protection against unintentional laser radiation effects.

Instantly press the Laser STOP button in the event of dangerous


malfunction.

Emission of laser radiation is indicated acoustically by a warning sound and optically by the
yellow blinking laser emission indicator located directly above the fiber output.
If during lasing the symbols "+ + +" or "- - -" appear below the fluence or
power display, the device detected a positive or negative deviation of the
output values of more than 20%.
After a longer period of inactivity in "Ready" mode, the device will automatically switch to the
"Standby mode.
6.5.2 Switching the device off
-

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Switch to "Standby" mode.


Turn the key switch anticlockwise as far as it will go.
Switch the power switch on the rear panel of the device to "0". That way, the
device is completely disconnected from line voltage (all-pole disconnection).

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7

Software description: Service mode

7.1

Boot process

The QuadroStar is controlled by an 80386ex. This is a PC without keyboard, mouse and


screen. The BIOS is set in such a way (default), that all keyboard and screen data are rerouted
from and to the serial port. If a PC (laptop) is connected to the service port via a null-modem
cable it can act as keyboard and screen within a terminal application. The example terminal
application used here is HyperTerminal (component of Windows).

Figure 8: HyperTerminal
Figure 8 shows a conventional boot sequence. After "Starting ROM-DOS..., QuadroStar
software is launched automatically. To achieve correct communication, it is necessary to
configure HyperTerminal appropriately.

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7.2

Configuration of HyperTerminal

Windows 2000 german


Windows 98 SE english
First, the port and the transfer protocol have to be set. This can be done only after the disconnection of an
existing connection.

Then, choose the port.

Afterwards, configure the port.

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Finally, check the terminal settings.

If all settings and the connection are correct, the terminal application can display additional information of
the QuadroStar.

7.3

Capture text

If a fault occurred, you can simply log additional information. To this end, activate the "Capture Text..."
function of HyperTerminal.

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On activation, the following dialog box appears. In this dialog box, choose the storage path. Data is
always stored as ASCII file. Leave the default extension "*.TXT unchanged. Finally, click on "Start.

At the bottom right in the status bar, "Capture is displayed as being active. All screen information newly
received is logged, while the screen contents visible so far is not. Hence, it is necessary to activate the
logging function first and then start the desired action on the QuadroStar.

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To finish logging, activate the corresponding function!

This is to be done in the same was as the start. Two options are available: "Stop serves to close the log
file, "Pause and "Resume act as pause/resume buttons and do not close the file. Please note that the
file is saved only by closing it!

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7.4

Main menu

See Section 6 Software description: Operating mode.


7.5

Tools Menu

See Section 6 Software description: Operating mode.


7.6

Menu for language selection

The menu for language selection appears, when you depress and hold the control knob (joggle) and
additionally press the "TOOLS key. Every key pressure on one of the languages will instantly replace all
translated text fields and take you back to the previous screen. With "Return", you return to the previous
menu without changing the language.

7.7

Service code

The Service utility is part of the software. Its activation requires the entry of an access code. Access is
possible from all warning, error and information screens and from the language-selection menu. With the
joggle held depressed, press the "RETURN", "EXIT" or "CONFIRM" key. This will launch the "ENTER
SERVICE CODE" menu.

When you enter the service code "3641", an asterisk is displayed between the "RETURN" and
"CONFIRM" keys for every character entered. Conclude the entry with "CONFIRM". In case of erroneous
entries, the following warning message appears:

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Press "RETURN to return to service code entry, which can be repeated several times.

7.8

Service mode

The Service mode is intended only for authorized personnel (trained service technicians). The user
(physician) has no access to this mode. The Service mode provides all functions necessary for updating
and troubleshooting. The displayed plain text messages and prompts are not translated; they appear in
English only.
With "EXIT", the Service mode is exited and the device software started with the wavelength selection
menu.

7.8.1 Download
The "DOWNLOAD function serves to copy files from the terminal computer (laptop) to the hard disk of
the QuadroStar computer. To this end, the two serial ports are automatically switched from the terminal
mode to a data transfer mode. For file transfer, the internationally established Zmodem protocol is used.
The basic settings are 19200 baud, 8 data bits, no parity, 1 stop bit (see Section "Configuration of
HyperTerminal).

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Pressing the "ABORT key takes you back to the Service menu. The QuadroStar is now waiting for the
first byte sent from the terminal computer. This first byte may be either a key pressure or the beginning of
the data transfer.
The moment data is sent/received via the port, the screen switches to the status display.

Once this screen is active, there is no return for the time being. Either one or several files are transferred
or the system waits for approximately 90 seconds. The QuadroStar tries ten times to communicate with
the terminal computer by repeatedly sending a request. However, data transfer must also start within this
period of 90 seconds.

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Start file transfer by activating the "Send file..." command on the "Transfer" menu.

In the appearing dialog box, choose the file to be sent using the "Browse..." button or directly enter the file
name.

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It is important that you choose the correct protocol type from the corresponding list box. Then, click on
"Send.

Immediately after having clicked the "Send button, the status display of the send process appears.

The status display of the QuadroStar corresponds with the status display of the terminal. The number of
REPEAT actions depends on the system and varies between 0 and 200. By the entry of placeholders
(e.g. *.qtx or *.*) in selecting the files for transfer, it is possible so send several file with a single download
action.
Caution: When using placeholders, take care that you do not include wrong files in the transfer.
Wrong files will fill the hard disk and give rise to the error message "Not enough disk space". It is
impossible to delete files sent by mistake from Service mode!
In this case, the controller board must be returned to Asclepion Laser Technologies GmbH.

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If you send several files, the number of files to be transferred, the progress of transfer of the current file
and the total progress of file transfer are displayed. The QuadroStar treats every file individually. The end
of file transfer is indicated by the "TRANSFER END message and the display of the "CONTINUE key.

Pressing "CONTINUE takes you back to the Service menu.


Except for the system files (autoexec.bat), all files created by Asclepion Laser Technologies GmbH (EXE,
QTX, DAT, etc.) are provided with an integrated checksum. This checksum will be checked after the
transfer of every individual file. At the time of transfer, every file exists twice. Only if the checksum check
was successful, the old file will be replaced by the new one.

Unless you switch off the device, the old software will be operative in the memory.
In the case of transfer errors or abortion, you must not exit the Service menu. Repeat
the download action until it is successful.

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After a complete update, you must switch off the QuadroStar in the Service menu with
either key switch, Laser STOP button or power switch!
Exiting the Service menu is forbidden, because of the storage of new data files, while
older service software is still residing in the memory.

7.8.2 Digital IN

This function serves to display the logic levels of the input signals at the PIO.
Signal code
Signal name
Type of signal generation
Checks
FC
FiberCheck
Microswitch at SMA coupling Fiber connection
HPD*
HandPieceDetect
4bit coding plug at fiber
Fiber type
FT
FootSwitch
2 contacts in footswitch
Pressed
DI
DoorInterlock
Door interlock connector
Closed in Ready mode
CALI_SW
CalibrationSwitch
Microswitch in calibration port Fiber connection
J_Dir
JoggleTurning Direction
Evaluation of phase position
left/right
* Handpiece detection (HPD) is module-dependent. The figure shows the example for the diode laser.
Switch over is by tapping on the LBO wavelength. Then, the handpiece detection for LBO is displayed.

7.8.3 Digital OUT


On activation of this function, the states are ascertained and displayed. Signal WD1 is permanently
switched over by the interrupt. The display is not continuously updated. Select the signal to be tested by
turning the joggle. To change the state, press the joggle.

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Signals from PIO


Signal code
Signal name
LWARN
Laser Emission
Warning
WD1
WatchDog Signal
MONO
MonoFlop
MDL_ON
Modul ON

0 LED in module color, beeper off


1 LED yellow, beeper on
Trigger signal (switched by interrupt)
Trigger signal (not used)
0 disable diode current
1 enable diode current
TEC_1_ON TermoElectricalCooler 1 0 disable TEC LBO
1 enable TEC LBO
TEC_2_ON TermoElectricalCooler 2 0 disable TEC DIODE
1 enable TEC DIODE
Signals on IC bus
Signal code
WARNLAMP

Signal name
Warning lamp

0 Relay contact closed


1 Relay contact open
CHANGE MODULE Module change
0 LBO module
1 Diode module
K2
Not used
BOOTSTRAP
BOOTSTRAP
on/off for display programming
FAN 0
Fan bit 0
00 50% fan power
01 75% fan power
10 75% fan power
11 100% fan power
FAN 1
Fan bit 1
See FAN 0
DISPLAY_ON
Display Power On 0 Display off Communication error device off
1 Power On
If the DISPLAY_ON signal was set to "0", the only thing you can do is to restart the device (switch it off
completely and then on again).

7.8.4 Analog IN/OUT


Beside the Main menu and the Calibration menu, this is the third possibility to switch the laser device to
Ready mode. White fields are display fields only, except for the Ready key and the second wavelength.
Blue fields are keys.

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TEC
FREQ_PS
TEMP_KK
TEMP_HS
MEAS_LO
MEAS_HI

TEC voltage of calibration port


Voltage amplitude of the current signal fed back by the diode driver (in digits)
Temperature of aluminum heat dissipator (Heat Exchanger)
Temperature of heat sink (Heat Sink) of diode module (LBO without measured value)
Amplitude of current transformer: Low
Amplitude of current transformer: High

The driving voltage can be adjusted by touching the DRIVE key and operating the joggle (0 1.8V @
LBO and 0 2.5V @ diode laser). The Ready key releases the footswitch. The laser is operated in cw
mode.

With the LBO, make sure to set a low voltage (less than 1V) first and then
check the output power. The emitted output power should not exceed
5.5W. If you set a too high driving voltage, the current generated may be
too high and damage the LBO!
To check the pilot beam intensity, touch the PILOT key and operate the joggle. The display of pilot beam
intensity is in digits of the DAC.
EXIT takes you back to the Service menu.

7.8.4.1 Power Adjust


The LBO and the diode have non-linear characteristics. Three adjustment points serve to approximate
these characteristics sufficiently accurate. By touching the ENERGY ADJUST key, the label turns to
SAVE in the upper half of the button (blue), while the bottom half turns white displaying the power to be
adjusted. The SAVE key is inoperative unless it has turned entirely blue.
The energy values of LBO and diode have to be adjusted individually (selection via wavelength keys).
Adjustment procedure:
1. Connect the fiber for the adjustment (calibration or handpiece fiber)
2. Position the energy meter in front of the fiber end.
You must not perform energy adjustment without using an energy meter!
3. Touch ENERGY ADJUST key.
4. Adjust approximate DRIVE voltage, with which the power displayed in the SAVE key is obtained.
5. Switch to Ready and start lasing.

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6. Correct DRIVE until the power is correct.
The output power is temperature-dependent. It varies with switching on the Thermo Electric
Cooler. The variations have a time constant of several seconds.
7. If DRIVE has been adjusted and the variations are symmetrical around the specified power, emit
laser pulses for 30 seconds continuously. The measured values are averaged over this period.
8. After thirty seconds, the laser automatically switches to Standby and the SAVE key turns entirely
blue.
9. If you are satisfied with the result, press SAVE. Then, immediately the next power stage is
displayed.
10. Repeat Items 6 through 9 for the second and the third adjustment values.
11. With the third SAVE action, the new data is written to the memory and the key label turns to
ENERGY ADJUST again.
If the adjustment procedure is exited before it has been completed, e.g. by errors, warnings or
pressing EXIT, the result of the measurements taken so far will be lost.

Approximate values for the drive voltage to be adjusted:


Power
0.5 Watt
1.0 Watt
2.0 Watt
4.0 Watt
5.0 Watt
20 Watt

LBO 532
0.6 ... 0.8
0.7 ... 0.9 V
0.9 ... 1.1
-1.4 ... 1.6 V
--

Diode 808 nm
-0.6 ... 0.8 V
-0.8 ... 1.0 V
-2.0 ... 2.3 V

Diode 938 nm
-0.4 ... 0.7 V
-0.7 ... 0.9 V
-2.0 ... 2.3 V

Diode 978 nm
-0.4 ... 0.6 V
-0.7 ... 0.9 V
-2.0 ... 2.3 V

Assessment of power adjustment:


At the end of the adjustment procedure, the following information appears on the laptop:
DIODE
[D +63.000]
[C +64.720]
[M0+152.320]
[M1 +60.340]
red 1 [P 4.000]
[D +94.000]
[C +96.520]
[M0+221.660]
[M1 +87.020]
red 0 [P 1.000]

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LBO
green 0 [P 0.500] [D +69.000]
[C +70.340]
[M0+150.400]
[M1 +59.740]
green 1 [P 2.000] [D+106.000]
[C+108.140]
[M0+231.120]
[M1 +90.920]

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red 2 [P20.000]

[D+228.000]
[C+229.260]
[M0+255.000]
[M1+235.560]
All Offsets in Digits
All Rises in Digit per Watt
1 Digit = 9.804 mV DAC Drive
1 Digit = 19.608 mV ADC Check, Meas,
Tec
DriveRise
(810) +10.333
+8.375
DriveOffset (810) +52.667 +60.500
CheckRise
(810) +10.600
+8.296
CheckOffset (810) +54.120 +63.335
MeasRise
(810) +23.113
+9.284
MeasOffset (810) +129.207 +49.885

green 2 [P 5.000]

[D+158.000]
[C+160.160]
[M0+255.000]
[M1+140.460]
All Offsets in Digits
All Rises in Digit per Watt
1 Digit = 9.804 mV DAC Drive
1 Digit = 19.608 mV ADC Check, Meas,
Tec
DriveRise
(532) +24.667 +17.333
DriveOffset (532) +56.667 +71.333
CheckRise
(532) +25.200 +17.340
CheckOffset (532) +57.740 +73.460
MeasRise
(532) +53.813 +16.513
MeasOffset (532) +123.493 +57.893

Bold text is of particular interest.


"red" means the diode module and "green the LBO
"810" and "532" are wavelengths in nm
For the assessment, it is important to know that the software processes all control variables in digits. A
digit is the smallest step a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) can output or an analog-to-digital converter
(ADC) can read. ADC und DAC have a different resolution (see printout).
Rise and offset (point of intersection with Y axis) are stored. These are the constants, which describe two
equations of a straight line.
Y
Digits

= m *
X
= Rise * Power

+ n
+ Offset

The equations are always mapped in a coordinate system with Y = f(X) or Digits = f(power). With three
measuring points, two straight lines are produced from point to point. The points red 0, red 1 and red 2
represent these three measuring points. In the square brackets, the Power (P = X-axis) and Digits (Yaxis) are given. The letters used have the following meaning: D stands for Drive (drive value), C for
Check (test voltage), M0 for low-channel current measurement and M1 for high-channel current
measurement.

The drive value (Drive) is supplied as control variable to a PWM (pulse width modulation) directly behind
the DAC. At the same time, this voltage is amplified two times and applied to the DAC. Thus, for an ideal
amplification of 2.0 the curves for Drive and Check coincide. As the amplification is not ideal, the test
voltage (Check) deviates.

It can be seen, that for Drive and Check the straight lines are minimally bent downward after the middle
measuring point. This means that the rises are of the same order of magnitude, and the rise of the
second straight line is minimally smaller. The offsets are the result of computation and should have the
same order of magnitude.

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LBO

250

200

200

150

150

Digit

Digit

Diode
250

100

Drive

50

Check

100

Drive
Check

50
0

0
0,0

5,0

10,0
15,0
Power

20,0

0,0

25,0

2,0

Power

4,0

6,0

In order to obtain a sufficiently large delta Digits also with low powers, the current measurement was split
into two separate ADC channels by means of two measuring resistors. The upper measured value of the
"Meas 0" curve is irrelevant because of the saturation of the ADC. Therefore, the lower section of the
"Meas 1" curve can only be used for low powers (below the middle measuring point). In the upper
measuring range, the curve of "Meas 1 is used. This results in rises and offsets of the two measuring
curves being extremely different. Only the lower measurement curve is used for the adjustment of the
LBO laser.
LBO

Diode

250

250

200

200

Digit

150
M eas 1

50

Digit

150

M eas 0

100

100

Meas 0

Ger ade 0
Ger ade 1

0
0,0

10,0
Leistung

20,0

Meas 1

50

Gerade 0
Gerade 1

0
0,0

2,0 Power 4,0

6,0

7.8.4.2 TEC Adjust


The device has a calibration port, which is used for checking the output power. Inside the port, a Thermo
Electrical Cooler Element is arranged. When power is sent to the port, the TEC delivers a measurable
voltage. With the same power applied, every TEC delivers a similar but not the same voltage. For this
reason, it is necessary to determine the TEC constant. The TEC constant is wavelength-dependent and
must be determined for both modules. Typically, the constant is invariable. It is determined when the
device is commissioned and when the port or the controller board have been replaced.
To this end, first the powers of both wavelengths have to be adjusted!
Afterwards, activate TEC Adjust and follow the displayed prompts.

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Three seconds after a fiber capable of being calibrated has been connected the laser device
automatically switches to the Ready mode.

Next, laser radiation is continuously emitted into the calibration port over about three minutes by actuation
of the footswitch. In doing so, the device automatically varies the power. At the end of the cycle, the laser
device automatically switches to Standby mode.
Any fault or interruption in the calibration cycle by means of the footswitch will result in complete abortion
of the calibration procedure. The TEC adjustment is based on heat detection. A new cycle can be started
only, if the calibration port has cooled down to an acceptable temperature. Accordingly, the TEC Adjust
key is locked for that period.
If the calibration procedure was successful, the values should be stored with the SAVE key. By pressing
RETURN, the adjustment menu is launched again. You can then repeat the procedure after a wait time
(cool-down).
Assessment of TEC adjustment:
At the end of the adjustment procedure, the following information is displayed on the laptop:
DIODE

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LBO

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red 0 [P 4.000][T +32.429]
red 1 [P12.000][T +90.749]
red 2 [P20.000][T+153.908]

green 0 [P 1.000][T +8.368]


green 1 [P 3.000][T +24.498]
green 2 [P 5.000][T +40.007]

All Offsets in Digits


All Rises in Digit per Watt
1 Digit = 9.804 mV DAC Drive
1 Digit = 19.608 mV ADC Check, Meas,
Tec
DriveRise
(810) +10.333
+8.375
DriveOffset (810) +52.667 +60.500
CheckRise
(810) +10.600
+8.296
CheckOffset (810) +54.120 +63.335
MeasRise
(810) +23.113
+9.284
MeasOffset (810) +129.207 +49.885
TecRise
(810)
+7.290
+7.895
TecOffset
(810)
+3.270
-3.990

All Offsets in Digits


All Rises in Digit per Watt
1 Digit = 9.804 mV DAC Drive
1 Digit = 19.608 mV ADC Check, Meas,
Tec
DriveRise
(532) +24.667 +17.333
DriveOffset (532) +56.667 +71.333
CheckRise
(532) +25.200 +17.340
CheckOffset (532) +57.740 +73.460
MeasRise
(532) +53.813 +16.513
MeasOffset (532) +123.493 +57.893
TecRise
(532)
+8.065
+7.754
TecOffset
(532)
+0.302
+1.236

Bold text is of particular interest


"red" refers to the diode module and "green" to the LBO
"810" and "532" are the wavelengths in nm
Drive, Check & Meas are not of interest here and part of "Power Adjust"
For the assessment, it is important to know that the software processes all control variables in digits. A
digit is the smallest step a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) can output or an analog-to-digital converter
(ADC) can read. ADC und DAC have a different resolution (see printout).
TecRise and TecOffset (point of intersection with Y axis) are stored. These are the constants, which
describe two equations of a straight line.
Y
Digits

=
m
*
X
= TecRise * Power

+
n
+ TecOffset

The equations are always mapped in a coordinate system with Y = f(X) or Digits = f(power). With three
measuring points, two straight lines are produced from point to point. The points red 0, red 1 and red 2
represent these three measuring points. In the square brackets, the Power (P = X-axis) and TecDigits (Yaxis) are given. For the TecRise rise, typical values are 70 ... 80 mV/W measured at TEC or, amplified
two times and A/D converted, 7.0 ... 9.6 Digits/W. Theoretically, the Tec constant (rise) is always the
same. However, in practice, a slight deviation appears at higher powers. Therefore, Rise and Offset
should always be of the same order of magnitude.
Diode

LBO

250

200

200

150

150

Digit

Digit

250

100
Tec

50
5,0

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10,0
15,0
Power

20,0

100
50

0
0,0

Tec

25,0

0
0,0

2,0

Power

4,0

6,0

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7.8.5 Standard Initialization

The Standard Initialization function clears the EEPROM on the controller board, sets the language of the
user interface to English and the brightness of the display to a medium value. At the same time, the old
initial values are deleted.
Additionally, it is possible to enter the Serial Number and the date of manufacture of the device. The
corresponding data are given on the type label of the device. For control, the data is also stored to the
memory holding the module data. At every system start, data is compared with each other.
When exiting the software, data is always rewritten, even if there was no change.

7.8.6 Date & Time


This submenu allows you to set date and time. For that, just activate the corresponding field, set the new
value by means of the joggle and confirm the entry.
Date and time are to be set before entering the Serial Number (Standard Initialization). When the
device is commissioned, the time is set to 00:00:00 and the date to 01.01.1980. If you enter the Serial
Number first, 01.01.1980 will be stored as commissioning date.

7.8.7 Module Data

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In this submenu, you can check the module data.


Designation
S/N Module
Date Module
S/N Device
Date Device

Description
Serial number of laser module
Date of manufacture of laser module
Serial number of device
Date at which S/N was assigned to device

Ready On

Time the device was in Ready mode hat (the


number in brackets refers to the storage cycles)
Number of rising slopes of laser current (pulses)
Summed up total energy
Calibration factor (the number in brackets refers
to the storage cycles)
Date of service mode activation (typically the
current date)
Rises of the two curves for checking the drive
value
Offset of the two curves for checking the drive
value

Pulses
Energy
CaliPowFac
Service
CheckRise
CheckOffset

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Entry
Outside the device, in the factory
Outside the device, in the factory
In Standard Initialization
Automatically when S/N is entered in
the Standard Initialization menu
At every Standby
At every Standby
At every Standby
By SAVE at the end of calibration
(activated from Tools menu)
At every exit of Service mode by
touching the EXIT key
By SAVE of the last value at every
energy adjustment
By SAVE of the last value at every
energy adjustment

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MeasRise
MeasOffset
TecRise
TecOffset
Power
WL
CtrlCnt

Rises of the two curves for checking the diode


current
Offset of the two curves for checking the diode
current
Rises of the two measuring curves of the
calibration port (TEC constant)
Offset of the two measuring curves of the
calibration port
Power range of module
Wavelength of module
Number of storage cycles for these data

By SAVE of the last value at every


energy adjustment
By SAVE of the last value at every
energy adjustment
By SAVE of the last value at every
energy adjustment
By SAVE of the last value at every
energy adjustment
Outside the device, in the factory
Outside the device, in the factory
At every write cycle

7.8.8 Error List

The error list is a ring memory holding 15 errors. The first error on the list is always the most recent error.
The oldest error is shifted out at the end of the list. Errors are registered with date and time. The last but
one figure is the line number of the error text of the language file. In the example given above, the last
error occurred on Wednesday, March 3, 2004 at 16:02. It was Error 23 (see table below): "Power supply.
The last figure, "+412" is the error code (see Section Error Messages), which further specifies the power
supply error. A triple minus does not mean an error. With the Up/Dn keys, you can switch between the
two pages. Every module has its own list. By touching "RESET, the error list of the activated module is
reset.
The language files, e.g. DEUTSCH.QTX, are ASCII text files that can be opened with any editor (e.g.
Notepad). If QTX files are not automatically associated with Notepad, you can create a corresponding link
under Windows.
Due to ongoing technical development, the language files will change. Always see to it that the
language file matches the software version and that the correct language file is selected in
troubleshooting.

CONFIRM

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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34

CONTINUE
RESET
ABORT
EXIT
RETURN
TURN OFF
TOUCH HERE
TOOLS
ENTER SERVICE CODE
CAUTION
FAULT
Communication code ???
Service interfaces error code ???
Setup code ???
Wrong laser module
Unknow applicator no. ???
Fiber changed no. ???
Wrong fiber no. ???
Access denied
Door interlock
Fiber not connected
Power supply code ???
Temperature too low code ???
Temperature too high code ???
Footswitch code ???
Please plug the ??? nm hand piece into calibration port
Please remove the hand piece from calibration port
Please press the foot switch until the SAVE button appears
Press SAVE to store the new calibration data or RETURN
Please use a new Fiber
Calibration ok.
Please select the wavelength
Please use protective goggles, laser applicator and fiber connector for
??? nm

The text lines are numbered consecutively beginning with "0".

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7.8.9 TecStar
TecStar is the future menu item for external skin cooling (not included in software version Vs 1.1).
Without the corresponding system connected, an error message is to be expected.

7.8.10 Calibration of the touchscreen


Recalibration of the touchscreen may become necessary when the touch-sensitive fields of the
touchscreen (not visible) and the presentation of the keys on the screen do no longer coincide.
This becomes apparent if the function key, if pressed, responds only sporadically or in
extreme cases not at all.
-

Activate the "Service menu.


Press the "Touch Adjust" key for some time.
Follow the prompts appearing on the screen.

For touching the adjusting cross hairs, use a pointed, but not scratching object (e.g. a
toothpick, etc.). The more accurate you mark the cross hairs, the better the coincidence will be.
During the calibration the equipment may not be turned off. In this case
irrelevant key coordinates are in the memory. In any case the calibration must
be led to the end, following the instructions. She can be repeated three times.
If she isn't successful after the third one, standard values are loaded.
If the data are destroyed nevertheless, so no button reacted, you can restore the standard
settings: To do this connect your laptop computer to the system and press the C button. Now
the keys on the touch screen should be found at her approximate right place. Please testing
carefully. With "Touch Adjust" is only a fine tuning possible.

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8

Error Messages

Presently, 14 error messages exist on the system. To facilitate the localization of errors, a code number is
added to the messages. When the device is operating, the three question marks in the "Text" column are
replaced by the respective code numbers and thus not visible on the screen. Consequential errors are
possible. The previous code is given in brackets. In most cases, this error is the real cause of the fault.
Fibers are always detected twice. Here, the numbers given in brackets are meaningless.
Text
Communication
code ???

Code
110 DCU error

Description

Service interface
error
code ???

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111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118

Error in initializing serial port for display


Cannot empty port buffer
Unable to send or write to buffer
Did not receive ESC from DISPLAY
Byte missing in display response
No free temporary buffer (out of memory)
Instruction missing after ESC from display
Checksum error in display response

130

IC error

131
132
133
134
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141

Transfer ended, no errors


Transfer busy
General error
No data in block
No acknowledge on data
No acknowledge on address
Device not present
Arbitration lost
Time out occurred
Slave mode error
Initialization (not done)
Already error before StartTransfer

150

Module error

151

No module

160
161

PIO error
Wrong port called

-1
-1
-2
-3

No port initialization of console for download


or
Port already open
Port not installed
Unable to create buffer

Recommended action
Display
Controller board
Wiring

Controller board
Wiring
Laser modules
DTI
(send to manufacturer)

Laser module
Controller board

Software update

Controller board
Software

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Setup
code ???

-4
-5
-6
-7
-8
-9
-10
-11
-12
-13

Port is not open


Value outside the permissible range
Timeout in writing
Port table is full
File not found
Zmodem Transfer Aborted
Xmodem: End of File not recognized
Disk Full
Checksum error
Can't create file after check sum

210

User Data on onboard EEPROM

211
212
213
214

Faulty reading of user data from EEPROM


SN DeviceType not valid (out of range)
SN DeviceCnt not valid (out of range)
Device SN unequal to LBO

215
216
217

Module SN unequal to LBO


Device SN unequal to DIODE
Module SN unequal to DIODE

220

Language file error

221
222
223

Faulty opening (existence of file)


Checksum error
String reading error

230

Fiber file error

231
232
233
234

Faulty opening (existence of file)


Checksum error
Reading error
Reservation of memory impossible

Wrong laser
module

A secondary process has unintentionally


switched to the other module.

Controller board
Software

Controller board
Software

Controller board
Software
Switch OFF/ON

Unknown
applicator
no. ???

0..15

This fiber is not suitable for this module. The


number of detected fiber code is displayed.

Fiber changed
no. ???

0..15

Number of detected fiber code

Wrong fiber
no. ???

0..15

This fiber is not suitable for this module or

process. The number of the detected code is


displayed.

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Controller board
Standard Initialization

Controller board
Module dongle
Standard Initialization

Wrong/defective coding
Replace fiber

For information only

Wrong/defective coding
Replace fiber

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Access denied

Wrong service code

Touchscreen defective
Calibrate touchscreen

Door interlock

Open Door Interlock in Ready mode

Shorting plug missing


Wiring
Controller board

No contact at SMA coupling

Contact disconnected
Wiring
Controller board

311

Footswitch already depressed

312

Calibration key depressed

Wiring
Footswitch
Controller board
Wiring
Calibration port switch
Controller board

410

Diode driver error

411
412
413
414
415
416

Test voltage out of range


Measured value out of range +50%
Measured value out of range -50%
Measured value lost
Calibration error
Calibration port error Rise < 6

Software update
Readjustment
Controller board
Diode driver
Current measurement

511
512

Heat Exchanger (aluminum heat sink)


Heat Sink

Wait for warm up


Sensor defective (diode
module or heat sink)
Controller board
Wiring

Fiber not
connected

Footswitch
code ???

Power supply
code ???

Temperature too
low
code ???

Temperature too
high
code ???

511
512

Heat Exchanger (aluminum heat sink)


Heat Sink

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Let device cool down


Sensor defective (in diode
module or at heat sink)
Controller board
Wiring

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9

Laser modules

9.1

Laser safety

All laser modules used are Class 4 laser devices as per DIN EN 60825-1
(IEC 825-1). In using the lasers, observe the relevant safety regulations on
the operation of laser devices (in Germany: Regulations for the Prevention
of Accidents BGV B2).
When servicing the device, make sure to wear laser-protective eyewear in
compliance with DIN EN 207 (Protection: DL 4 or higher for the respective
wavelength) when the laser is operating.

Never look directly into the laser beam. Emitted visible and invisible laser
radiation may cause irreversible skin and eye injuries and changes to
organic material.

9.2

Handling diode lasers

Diode lasers are sensitive to condensation, dust and electrostatic discharge.

Diode lasers are very sensitive to overvoltage. Therefore, when handling such
lasers, fitter, workbench and tools must be grounded. To provide ESD
(electrostatic discharge) protection, in inactive mode always take care to
ensure that the supply terminals are shorted (by a relay contact of the power
supply if built-in, or by a jumper if removed from the device).

9.3

LBO laser module

The LBO laser module is purchased completely from an external supplier. Therefore, it must
never be opened, as this will void any warranty and liability claims.
Thus, servicing this module is restricted to a complete replacement of the module. Defective
modules have to be returned immediately to Asclepion Laser Technologies for lodging a
complaint to the manufacturer.

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Any mechanical modification of the equipment including loosening of screws
is forbidden. Non-compliance will make void any liability and warranty claims.

Caution: Diode current!


The LBO laser has no current limiter. The maximum diode current specified
on the label must not be exceeded.

9.3.1 Principle of LBO disc laser


The LBO disc laser is a diode-pumped solid-state laser that uses a thin ND:YVO4 disc as
active medium. The laser resonator is of folded design; doubling of the fundamental
wavelength to green light of 532 nm is by a non-linear process in the LBO crystal.

Neodymium:Vanadate (Nd:YVO4)
Laser disc
Pump optics

Reflector

Pump diode

Fundamental wave

End mirror
Lithium Triborate
(LBO) Crystal

Frequencydoubled
beam
Output mirror
Figure 9: Principle of the LBO disc laser

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9.3.2 Design of LBO disc laser
Through hole for
M4 dowel bolt

Through hole for


M4 mounting bolt

Bottom view

Contact surface
for temperature control

Through hole for


M4 mounting bolt

current supply terminals


D-Sub interface

Side view

Short-circuiting bridge
(jumper)

Laser aperture

Fastening screw thread


for fiber port assembly
Front view

Figure 10: Design of LBO laser

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9.3.3 Terminal assignment
The supply terminals are labeled with "+ and ". For the pin assignment of the D-Sub
connector, refer to Figure 11.

Figure 11: Pin assignment of LBO D-Sub connector

9.3.4 Replacement of LBO disc laser


The LBO laser module must be replaced, if at maximum current the required laser power is no
longer attained. Before the replacement make sure the
-

diode power supply is functioning properly


laser cooling system is working
fiber port assembly is correctly adjusted.

The LBO laser must always be replaced together with the TEC pcb, the latter
is factory-matched to the specific LBO laser module.

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1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

Remove device cover and front cover.


Remove the LBO fiber port assembly (see 11.1).
Disconnect the Sub-D connector.
Short out the supply terminals and unscrew the power cable.
Remove the three slotted nuts and the compression springs of the fastening bolts.
Carefully take the laser off.
Disconnect the TEC pcb connector.
Unscrew the TEC pcb.
Unpack the replacement LBO laser module
Before you can open the packaging of the LBO laser, the assembly must have
adjusted to room temperature to avoid condensation. Allow for approximately
two hours of temperature adjustment. Keep the original packaging for
possible later relocation or transportation.
Avoid external contamination of the beam exit window to prevent a decrease
of available laser power. Burnt-in dirt will void any warranty claims.

10. Clean the contact surface for temperature control and symmetrically stick on the heatconductive film.
11. Carefully put the laser module onto the fastening bolts, slip over the compression
springs (two weak ones at the front, one strong one at the rear) and screw on the
module by means of the nuts (max. torque at front side: 10 Ncm; rear side: 40 Ncm)
12. Screw on the supply terminals (cable lug, toothed lock washer, washer, nut);
afterwards, remove the short-circuiting bridge!
When connecting the supply lines, make sure the polarity is correct, as even
low back voltage may result in irreversible damage.

It is not allowed to solder the supply wires to the disc laser.

13. Plug the connection cable into the 9-pin Sub-D connector.
14. Screw on the fiber port assembly (microswitch located at the bottom).
15. Connect the connection cable of the fiber port assembly with the DTI pcb.
16. Insert new TEC pcb and connect the connection cable.
17. Start the laser in Service mode.
18. Initialize the dongle.
19. Adjust the LBO fiber port assembly (see 11.1.1)
20. Adjust the laser.

9.4

Diode laser

9.4.1 Principle of diode laser

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The diode laser module is based on a high-power diode laser (HDL, see Figure 12). A GaAlAs
laser bar is used as laser material. The different wavelengths are produced by various doping
concentrations of the semiconductor materials. In the semiconductor, the current is converted
to light with a conversion efficiency of approximately 50%. The rest of the fed in electric power
is converted to heat that must be dissipated.

Supply terminal "+

Supply terminal "-

Short-circuiting screw
Microlens array

Laser bar

Heat sink

Figure 12: High-power diode laser


The HDL is cooled passively. Passive cooling means cooling without water. The lost heat of the
laser bar is exclusively dissipated through heat conduction via a heat sink made of copper.
The laser beam is shaped in the vertical plane (fast axis) by a microlens array (Figure 12)
directly after the beam exit from the diode bar and in the horizontal plane (slow axis) by a socalled staircase mirror arrangement (Figure 13).

Figure 13: Staircase mirror

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9.4.2 Design of diode laser module

Fiber coupling

Cylindrical lens

Temp. sensor LM 35

Beam combiner
Pilot laser
Laser diode
Short-circuiting
screw
(must be removed)

Staircase mirrors

Short-circuiting bridge
(only, if not connected to a
power supply)

Temp. sensor NTC

D-Sub interface

Figure 14: Diode laser module


9.4.3 Terminal assignment
The supply terminals at the diode are labeled with "+" und "". Additionally, the positive
terminal is provided with a red ring (externally at casing duct).
The pin assignment of the D-Sub connector is as follows:
Pin 1: NTC
Pin 2: SDA (Dongle)
Pin 3: SCL (Dongle)

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Pin 4:
Pin 5:
Pin 6:
Pin 7:
Pin 8:
Pin 9:

Analog IN5 (LM 35 measuring signal)


PWM_B1 (pilot diode)
NTC
+ 5V (LM35, Dongle)
GND (LM35, Dongle)
GND (Pilot)

9.4.4 Replacement of diode laser


The diode laser module must be replaced completely, if the output power of the therapy laser is
too low. For that, follow this procedure:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Remove the device cover and the front cover.


Remove the fiber port assembly (see Figure 17).
Disconnect the Sub-D connector.
Short out the supply terminals and unscrew the power cable.
Remove the three slotted nuts and the compression springs of the fastening bolts.
Carefully take the laser off.
Unpack the replacement diode laser assembly.
Before you can open the packaging of the diode laser, the assembly must
have adjusted to room temperature to avoid condensation. Allow for
approximately two hours of temperature adjustment. Keep the original
packaging for possible later relocation or transportation.

8. Clean the contact surface for temperature control and symmetrically stick on the indium
film.
9. Carefully put the laser module onto the fastening bolts, slip over the compression
springs (two strong ones at the rear, no springs at front) and screw on the module by
means of the nuts (max. torque at rear side 80 Ncm, tighten at front side)
10. Screw on the supply terminals (cable lug, toothed lock washer, washer, nut);
afterwards, remove short-circuiting bridge and short-circuiting screw from the
laser diode!
When connecting the supply wires, make sure the polarity is correct, as even
low back voltage may result in irreversible damage.
It is not allowed to solder the supply wires on.

11. Plug the connection cable into the 9-pin Sub-D connector.
12. Screw on the fiber port assembly (microswitch located at the top).
13. Connect the connection cable of the fiber port assembly with the DTI pcb.
14. Start the laser in Service mode.
15. Initialize the dongle.
16. Adjust the LBO fiber port assembly (see 11.1)
17. Adjust the laser.

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10

Laser cooling

The laser cooling system is designed to allow continuous laser operation at ambient
temperatures in the range from 15 to 30C. At lower ambient temperatures, the device instantly
displays a corresponding error message and switches off. At higher ambient temperatures, the
device keeps on operating until the temperature of the diode reaches the switch-off threshold.
The laser modules in the QuadroStar are air-cooled. The heat sink of the laser diode is
thermally linked to the heat dissipator. The dissipation heat of the diode is "pumped" into the
heat dissipator through two Peltier elements each (Thermo Electric Cooler TEC module). The
Peltier elements must feature a very high heat transfer. The Peltier elements are driven by the
TEC pcb. Temperature control is by clocked operation (on/off circuit). The temperature is
measured by two temperature sensors per laser module each and a sensor mounted to the
heat dissipator.
The heated heat dissipator is cooled through air convection provided by two fans mounted to
the inner front ends. The cooling air is aspirated externally through the left wall of the device
casing. A third fan forces the air out of the device again through the right wall of the casing.
The speed of rotation of the fans is controlled in steps as a function of heat dissipator
temperature.
To maintain air circulation, keep a minimum clearance of 15 cm at the rear and
the two side panels of the device.
When the threshold temperature is exceeded (heat dissipator: 45C; heat sink: 35C), the
device displays the current temperature and an error message and then switches to Standby.
The device should remain in Standby during cool down.
Due to the thermal inertia of the heat dissipator, the cool-down process after
an overtemperature error message may take ten minutes or longer.

Servicing of the laser cooling system is restricted to the replacement of defective fans, Peltier
elements and the TEC pcb.

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Heat-conducting
paste

Fans

TEC module

Figure 15: Laser cooling system


10.1

Replacement of fans

The fans must be installed properly positioned.


The fans at the heat dissipator must aspirate air through the heat dissipator. The label of the
fan must be readable after it was installed.
The fan located at the right wall of the casing must aspirate air from the device and blow it out.
The label of this fan must face the interior of the device.
10.2

Replacement of the TEC module

1. Choose TEC modules 40 x 40 in pairs (height difference less than 0.05 mm).
2. Clean surfaces of TEC modules with alcohol or acetone.
3. Clean the locating surfaces on heat dissipator and laser module with alcohol or
acetone.
4. Apply heat conductor to heat dissipator:
LBO: heat conducting film 80x40 66 0204 057
Diode module: heat-conducting paste (to be applied as thin and complete layer)
5. Apply heat conductor to temperature-control surface of laser module:
LBO: heat-conducting film 80x40 66 0204 057
Diode module: indium film 80x40 66 0204 058)
6. Put TEC modules in pairs onto the locating surface of the heat dissipator:
Red terminal at the right, black terminal left (seen from terminal side) (see Figure 15).
Fix LBO TECs laterally with a shrinking hose, if necessary.
7. Mount laser modules (see 9.3.4 and 9.4.4)

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11

Fiber port assembly


In the operations described below, Class 4 laser radiation is emitted.
Observe all relevant regulations for the protection against unintentional
effects of laser radiation.

11.1

LBO laser
Z-axis control
Z-axis clamping screw

Pilot laser clamping screw


Fastening screws for
fiber port assembly

Pilot laser

X-axis adjusting screws

Y-axis adjusting screws

Fastening screws for


fiber port assembly

Lock screws for SMA connector

Figure 16: LBO fiber port assembly

Replacement of LBO fiber port assembly


1. Remove device cover and front cover
2. Disconnect the connection cable from the DTI pcb
3. Remove the fiber port assembly (4 fastening screws)
11.1.1 Adjustment of fiber port assembly of LBO therapy laser
The fiber port assembly (FPA) is to be adjusted at a laser power of 1 W.
If the fiber port assembly is to be replaced completely, adjust the output power of the device to
1 W. For later adjustment, make a note of the set value required to obtain this power.
Screw the FPA onto the laser module by means of the four fastening screws.
Loosen the two lock screws of the SMA connector and screw on the calibration fiber (800 m
core diameter).
Then, adjust the X- and Y-axis of the FPA by means of the corresponding adjusting screws.
After the successful adjustment with the calibration fiber, screw on the transfer fiber for the
LBO module (400 m core diameter) and repeat the adjustment of X- and Y-axis.
If the measured transmission through the transfer fiber is smaller than 88%, adjust the Z-axis.
To this end, loosen the Z-axis clamping screw and turn the Z-axis control. After the successful
adjustment, secure the position of the Z-axis by means of the clamping screw.
After you have adjusted the Z-axis, repeat the adjustment of X- and Y-axis.
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After you have finished the adjustment, make sure to tighten all lock screws
for the adjustment of X- and Y-axis and the two fastening screws for the
SMA connector so that the fiber port assembly is mechanically fixed.

11.1.2 Adjustment of pilot laser of LBO module


The pilot laser is to be adjusted always after the adjustment of the therapy beam has been
completed.
For the adjustment, use the LBO transfer fiber. To adjust the pilot laser, loosen its clamping
screw and move the laser.
Turn the pilot laser about its axis and move it forward and backward until you obtain the
maximum power of the pilot laser at the fiber end.
Due the way the pilot laser beam is coupled in, it is normal that a ring is visible in place of a
spot at the end of the fiber.
When adjusting the pilot laser, take care that it does not project to far into the FPA to prevent
the therapy beam from being masked. As a rule of thumb, the end of the pilot laser should be
flush with the casing of the FPA. If you are not sure about the correct position, recheck the
output power of 1 W.

After you have finished the adjustment, make sure to tighten the clamp
screw and verify that the pilot laser does not mask the therapy beam.

11.2

Diode laser

Z-axis clamping screw

X-axis adjusting screw


Z-axis control

Y-axis adjusting screws

Pilot laser
Fastening screw for pilot
laser beam adjustment
Adjusting screws for
pilot laser

Fastening screws
for SMA connector

Figure 17: Fiber port assembly of diode laser

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Replacement of fiber port assembly of diode laser
1. Remove device cover and front cover.
2. Disconnect the connection cable from the DTI pcb.
3. Remove the fiber port assembly. (4 fastening screws)
11.2.1 Adjustment of fiber port assembly of therapy diode laser
The fiber port assembly (FPA) is to be adjusted at a laser power of 1 W. If the fiber port
assembly is to be replaced completely, adjust the output power of the device to 1 W. For later
adjustment, make a note of the set value required to obtain this power.
Screw the FPA onto the diode laser module by means of the four fastening screws.
Loosen the two lock screws of the SMA connector and screw on the calibration fiber (800 m
core diameter).
Then, adjust the X-axis by shifting the FPA. Adjust the Y-axis by means of the corresponding
screws.
After the successful adjustment with the calibration fiber, screw on the transfer fiber for the
diode laser module (600 m core diameter) and repeat the adjustment of X- and Y-axis.
If the measured transmission through the transfer fiber is smaller than 88%, adjust the Z-axis.
To this end, unscrew the cap covering the adjusting screw. Loosen the Z-axis clamping screw
and turn the Z-axis control. After the successful adjustment, secure the position of the Z-axis
by means of the clamping screw. Screw in the cap covering the adjusting screw.
After you have adjusted the Z-axis, repeat the adjustment of X- and Y-axis.
After the adjustment, the transmission of the transfer fiber must be equal to that of the
calibration fiber.
After you have finished the adjustment, make sure to tighten all fastening
and lock screws of the FPA so that the fiber port assembly is mechanically
fixed.

11.2.2 Adjustment of the pilot laser of the diode laser module


The pilot laser is to be adjusted always after the adjustment of the therapy beam has been
completed.
For the adjustment, use the diode laser transfer fiber. To adjust the pilot laser, loosen the two
fastening screws (see Figure 17, page 61) and move the pilot laser by means of the two
adjusting screws until you obtain the maximum intensity of the pilot laser light at the end of the
fiber.
When you are finished with the adjustment, tighten the fastening screws.

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12

Beam delivery system

12.1

Fiber with handpiece

Beam delivery from the laser modules to the handpiece is via transfer fibers. All transfer fibers
are separable from the handpieces.
The transfer fibers for LBO and diode laser are different. They differ in core diameter and
numerical aperture (LBO 400 m/0.22 NA and diode 600m/0.37 NA). To avoid any mix-up,
the fibers are color-coded (green = LBO, red = diode).
Additionally, all fibers are provided with a coding plug for detection and settings on the laser
device.
If there are any problems with these fibers, first check the transmission of the fiber without
handpiece. Then, measure the output power of the laser module by using the calibration fiber.
If the visual inspection of the laser connector does not provide any evidence for damage,
readjust the FPA.
12.2

Bare Fibers

Bare fibers are available only for the diode laser module and differ in diameter. These fibers
are also provided with coding plug allowing the device to identify the respective fiber and set
the basic parameters accordingly.
Consider that the maximum power through the bare fiber is limited. This limitation is displayed
by the laser device.
If you encounter any problems with the bare fibers, first check their distal end and break it off, if
necessary.
12.3

Special handpieces

These handpieces are also equipped with a transfer fiber. Their design corresponds to the
fibers with handpiece.

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13

Replacement of optical components

13.1

Focusing lenses on fiber port assembly

13.1.1 LBO laser (see Figure 16)


1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Remove device cover and front cover.


Disconnect the connection cable from the DTI pcb.
Remove the fiber port assembly (4 fastening screws).
Loosen the clamping screw of the pilot laser.
Remove the pilot laser.
Loosen the Z-axis clamping screw.
Turn the Z-axis control until the optics adapter can be removed from the fiber port
assembly (FPA).
8. Loosen the retaining ring and remove the spacer with lens.
9. Clean the new plano-convex lens with acetone and a cotton bud.
10. Put the lens with the plane side into the optics adapter (curvature facing the laser).
11. Insert the spacer and fasten it with the retaining ring.
12. Screw the optics adapter into the FPA.
13. Reattach the FPA to the diode module by means of the fastening screws.
14. Reconnect the connection cable to the DTI pcb.
15. Adjust the FPA as described in Section 11.1.
13.1.2 Diode laser (see Figure 17)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Remove device cover and front cover.


Disconnect the connection cable from the DTI pcb.
Remove the fiber port assembly (4 clamping screws, X-axis)
Loosen the Z-axis clamping screws on the diode module.
Turn the Z-axis control until the optics adapter can be removed from the diode
module.
6. Loosen the retaining ring and remove the thin spacer with lens.
7. Clean the new plano-convex lens with acetone and a cotton bud.
8. Put the lens with the plane side (curvature facing the laser) onto the thick spacer in
the optics adapter.
9. Put the thin spacer onto the lens and fasten it with the retaining ring.
10. Screw the optics adapter into the diode module.
11. Reattach the FPA to the diode module by means of X-axis clamping screws.
12. Reconnect the connection cable to the DTI pcb.
13. Adjust the FPA as described in Section 11.2.

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13.2

Transfer fibers

All transfer fibers can be separated from the handpiece at the SMA connector and replaced by
another one. Make sure to always combine only identically color-coded fibers and handpieces
with each other.
13.3

Focusing handpiece
Spacer

Mechanical adapter
with focusing lens

SMA connector

Figure 18: Handpiece


The focusing lens may become contaminated in the use of the handpiece. Clean the lens with
alcohol. The physician is advised to regularly clean the lens with alcohol pads and a microfiber
cloth.

Dirt on or damage of the lens will result in strong heating of the handpiece.

The lens with complete mechanical adapter can be replaced, if necessary, by unscrewing this
assembly.

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14

Safety Tests

Within the scope of the regular safety tests the following function tests and safety checks
should be performed. The results of the tests are to be recorded in the
Safety Test Record (14 0008 001):

Visual inspection of device and accessories for completeness and damage


Check of functional elements (power switch, key switch)
Visual inspection of protective conductor connections inside the device
Visual inspection of cable connections

Measurement of earth-leakage current (< 0.5 mA in normal case [N.C.])


Measurement of earth-leakage current (< 1.0 mA in single fault case [S.F.C.])
Measurement of protective-conductor resistance (< 0.1 Ohm without power cord)
Visual inspection of beam delivery system (fiber)
Visual inspection of handpiece
The beam delivery system consists of optical fiber and handpiece.
For checking the beam delivery system, a pilot beam is integrated in the device, the light of
which is sent through the same beam delivery system as the surgical beam (therapy beam).
If the almost round and diffuse aiming beam spot does not appear at the distal end of the
beam delivery system or if it is faint (consider intensity adjustment) or deformed, this may be
an indication that the beam delivery system is damaged or misaligned.
Check optical surfaces of the handpiece for contamination, burnt-in spots or other damage.
Clean or replace the respective part, if necessary.
Checking the output power of the device:
Power meter:
Laser power meter (Ophir NOVA)
Measuring sensor (Ophir F150A-SH)
Observe the specified calibration intervals of the sensor head!
You may use only calibrated laser power meters.
For the test, the device must have been completely installed. The handpiece is to be fixed
appropriately directly in front of the detector surface of the sensor head without touching it.
In cw mode, check the following powers with the fiber handpiece and record the results in the
Safety Test Record:
LBO: 0.5 W, 2 W, 3 W, 5 W

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Diode laser: 1 W, 10 W, 20 W, 25 W
The measured values should not deviate by more than 15% from the displayed values.
Check the function of the calibration port.
Check of the following safety functions of the device:

Press Laser STOP button to verify that the device instantly switches off.
With Laser STOP button pressed, turn key switch to OFF (horizontal); unlock Laser
STOP button and verify that the device does not start.
Remove door interlock plug and verify that the device cannot be switched to READY
mode. After this test, make sure to reinsert the door interlock plug.
While keeping the footswitch depressed, vary the power via the touch screen. Verify
that device instantly stops emitting pulses and switches from READY to STANDBY.
After the test, release the footswitch.
While keeping the footswitch depressed, turn the key switch to ON. Verify that the
screen shows an error message.
While keeping the footswitch depressed, switch from STANDBY to READY. Verify that
the device does not switch to READY mode and does not emit laser pulses.
Switch device to READY and vary the power via the touch screen. Verify that device
switches from READY to STANDBY mode.
Check every function key on the touch screen for correct function.
Verify that fiber detection (fiber type, fiber connected) functions properly.

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15

Control unit

The computer used is an 80386ex CPU in PC104 format. The computer board is plugged onto
a controller pcb. The supply voltage of the computer is provided by the central laser power
supply. All control and data lines are connected to the controller pcb either directly or via an
additional DTI pcb (DTI = Dongle Temperature Interface).
15.1

Control concept

The device is powered by line voltage. In the case of a power failure (blown fuse, defective
power cable or similar fault), the device switches off. Turning the key switch triggers a start-up
process. Self-holding of the control computer is not necessary for a period of up to 20 seconds.
In this period, the system must boot and start the control software. The control software first
checks the checksum and, if no fault is detected, keeps up the power supply. When the laser
power supply (LPS) is started, automatically the watchdog system becomes active.
The control computer communicates with the display control unit (DCU) via an RS232 port
(COM1). The display control unit employs its own controller controlling graphics generation and
touch panel. The definition of graphics generation and the processing of pressed keys are
solely performed by the control computer.
15.2

Controller

The controller implements functions for the control of internal and external assemblies (I 2C bus,
serial port). The PC104-CPU 386EX from ARCOM (or compatible Seco CPU) serves as the
heart of the complete board. A 16-bit data bus and a 10-bit address bus serves for the
communication between the units.
An address decoder is used for selectively driving the individual components (see below). The
address decoder is a Programmable Logic Device (PLD) from XILINX.
The use of analog switches allows two actors (here: diode modules) to be driven with a
minimum in circuitry. However, simultaneous operation of two diode modules is not possible.
Individual components:
Pulse width modulator (PWM) for driving one each of two pilot lasers
PWM for driving one each of two diode drivers
XILINX-PLD as address decoder
Diode / device coding via dongle function by means of I2C bus (data storage of
specific diode life data)
Three serial ports (RS 232) for display, service, and one free
I2C bus for EPROM, I/O and universal interface
Digital control lines (I/Os) for switching outputs and signal inputs (fiber control,
footswitch, fiber detection,...)
Separate PWM for fan speed control of three 12V/200mA fans
Frequency-to-voltage converter for monitoring the diode current signal
(Input: kHz range; Output: 0.2 ... 5V; signal rise time < 3ms)
Energy measuring unit by means of Peltier element (Output: analog voltage)
Starting circuit and additional safety function (watchdog)
Switchable voltage sources (+12V and +5V ; Itotal =1A )

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Structure
Control of
diode modules
& periphery

Controller-PCB

(pilot beam, fiber monitor,


DCU,DTI,...)

Controller
CPU
386ex

Power
(power supply,TEC)

Figure 19: Control unit


15.3

Display Control Unit (DCU)

The DCU allows the simple, but comfortable use of monochrome and color displays with a
resolution of 240x128 pixels or 320x240 pixels.
As LCD touch terminal, an intelligent input/output unit is available.
The integrated touch screen makes entry of data user-friendly providing a high flexibility in
implementing device-specific requirements.
Communication is via an RS232 port.
To
controller pcb
Display Kyocera,
KCS 057QV1AJG23 (320x240)
pixels or 240x128
with T6963
Controller

DCU

X5
0V
Display
Controller
Unit
(16-Bit C,...)

Touchpanel
Dynapro, Res5.7-PL4

<40V

TxD_Display
RxD_Display
INK_A !
INK_B !

Control knob

+5 V
INK_A
INK_B
C8-TA
0V

<40
V>>
Boot
><4
0V

X6

0V

Figure 20: DCU unit

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15.4

Current measurement

The separate current measurement system with current transformer and evaluation circuit
used in the device is directly powered by the laser power supply with an operating voltage of
+12V. The corresponding measuring signals (voltages) can be checked by means of a
multimeter on the DTI pcb (TP2, TP4 and TP5 as GND).
The measuring signals are acquired and evaluated on the controller pcb.
If the nominal/actual value difference (+/- 50%) is too large, the laser control stops pulsing and
displays an error message on the screen (see Section Software).
15.5

Calibration port

The front cover of the device has an opening with a calibration port located behind it, which
serves for the adjustment/calibration of the laser system.

Figure 21: Calibration port


To calibrate the system, laser pulses are fired through an approved fiber onto an energy
sensor Peltier element (TEC 25,4 x 25,4) located in the calibration port (refer to Section
7.8.4.2, p. 39).
The incident laser energy results in heating of the Peltier element and thus in generating a
Peltier voltage.
The generated Peltier voltage is evaluated on the controller pcb by means of a software
routine.
The function test of the calibration port can be run in Service mode. The Peltier voltage (TEC
voltage) is displayed in the Analog menu or can be checked by hardware.
To this end, disconnect the cable 152001035 from the DTI pcb (male connector X10).
If laser energy is sent to the Peltier element for a period of about 60s, a voltage of
70...80 mV/Watt must be measurable across Pin 1 and Pin 2 of connector X10.
The voltage at the measuring point starts slowly until saturation occurs.
Adjust, for instance, a laser power of 5W (IR module, cw mode) with "DRIVE and check it with an
external energy meter; after the lasing period given above, a check voltage of approx. 400 mV turns up.
Subsequent check measurements should be taken only after the Peltier element has cooled down (after
at least 1 min).

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16

Laser power supply

The laser power supply is a modular unit consisting of a reverse converter and one (laser diode
driver x1 55 0399 067) or two (laser diode driver x2 55 0399 068) current sources connected
on the load side for the operation of the diode lasers.
An external filter unit (QNF-PCB) is electrically connected between line power input module
(integrated in the power supply) and reverse converter to improve EMC. This filter unit is
mechanically mounted under a holding angle above the power supply. The filter unit can be
separated from the power supply and replaced, if defective.
Make sure to use only the original components (M3x 8mm screws and
washers A3,2 DIN 9021) for screwing the holding angle of the QNF pcb onto
the power supply.
Internal components of the power supply can only be replaced/repaired at the manufacturer's.
16.1

Operating principle

The laser power supply has one or two identical output modules (Section1 and Section2).
In practical operation, only one section each is active only.

Section 1

Section 2

TP 15
(P2.5 V)

TP 16
(N2.5 V)

CN 2/3

CN 4

Figure 22: Laser power supply

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Output data / Pin assignment
Terminal
TP15
TP16
CN2/3

CN4

PIN No.

Signal name
P2,5 LAS

1,2

0V LAS
P12V PEL

3,4

0V PEL

P12 CPU

6
1

0V
EN 12V PEL

IN CURRENT

Explanation
Supply voltage for laser diode (2.5V)
Imax = 40A
Negative pole of P2,5LAS
Supply voltage for Peltier elements (12V)
Imax = 10A
Negative pole of P12VPEL

Supply voltage for CPU (12V)


Imax = 1A
Negative pole of P12 CPU
Enables the supply voltage for Peltier elements
(P12V PEL) by undoing the cut-off of 0V PEL
with H level
Nominal value of laser diode current (P2,5LAS)
PWM input, 5V/ 1kHz / duty cycle 0 ... 0.95 for
I = 0A ... 44A
Enabled by signal EN2,5VLAS

OUT
CURRENT

Actual value of laser diode current,


frequency-modulated, level 5V/ Tlow = 40s =
constant / high = f(laser diode current)
8kHz 26kHz for I = 0A 44A

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EN2,5 LAS

Enables laser diode current at High = 5V

5,9

P5V

Input for feeding an external voltage of 5V for


powering the interface
Voltage refers to system ground (OV)

6,7,8

0V

System ground
Caution: Do not connect to 0V PEL externally!

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16.2

Function test of laser power supply

A: + 12V CPU
Voltage is available immediately after switch-on with the power switch.
Indicator: LED "Vcpu
To be measured with a voltmeter between Pin 5 and Pin 6 at CN2/3
B) + 12V PELT
Voltage is available after switch-on at the key switch and booting of the
computer.
Indicator: LED "Vpelt
To be measured with voltmeter between Pin 1,2 and Pin 3,4 at CN2/3
C) P2,5 LAS (laser diode supply voltage)
Output value is available after the footswitch was operated.
(Caution! Voltage is not linear with diode current; with activated output it ranges from
approx. 0.7 to 2.5V depending on diode current)
Indicator: LED VoutA
Brightness dependent on output current, visibility limit approx. >15A
To be measured with voltmeter between TP15 and TP16 (M4 bolt)

Figure 23: Block diagram of power supply

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16.3

Control signals

The necessary control signals are fed through the female sub-D connector CN4.
On devices with double laser (sections 1 and 2 equipped), make sure the control wires are
correctly assigned.
At Section1 (RED DIODE MODULE) red-labeled cable
At Section2 (GREEN LBO MODULE) green-labeled cable
Mixing up of control wires will result in activation (and even laser operation)
of the wrong laser module!

After any service work on the laser power supply, make sure to actively check
that laser radiation is emitted from the right fiber output.

16.4

Fusing

F1:
F2:

1520 99 009

2x 6.3A T/ 250V
Automotive flat plug-in fuse, 16A

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17

Electronic assemblies

The system wiring diagram is shown in Appendix 2.


17.1

Controller pcb
Test Point 3:
PWM to be checked
with an oscilloscope

Test Point for adjustment of fan


speed =100%
Pin2 and Pin6

Test points for


PWM diode
current
TP11,TP12

Figure 24: Controller pcb

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Assignment of Status LED, connectors and potentiometers:
Designation
LED1

LED2

JP1
X1
X2
X3
X4
X5
X6
X7
X8
R15

R22

S1

Type
Green

Function
Status of +5V supply voltage; lights green if +5V are applied to
controller

Green

Status of +12V supply voltage; lights green if +12V are applied to


controller; used also as supply voltage for DCU

2x5 male
connector
FCI-Berg
connector
6-pin Wago
connector
64-pin PC104
connector
D-SUB9
connector
D-SUB9
connector
D-SUB9
connector
D-SUB9
connector
4-pin Wago
connector
SMD
potentiometer

Programming plug for XILINX-PLD


(for factory-programming)
Connector for display (DCU) cable 15200203
Connector for +12V Fans (3x) max. 0.8A continuous current
permissible
Internal socket for ARCOM CPU on controller pcb
Connection of Service connector for external service computer
(PC)
Connection of IR laser module, cable 152001038
(red-labeled)
Connection of LBO laser module, cable 152001038
(green-labeled)
Connection of switch-on elements, cable 152001033

Connection of supply voltage +12V_Elektronik and +12V_TEC for


fans, cable 152001040
Potentiometer for adjustment of PWM for fan speed
Service menu "Digital-Output" FAN 0&1 to be set to "1
max. fan speed =100% to be adjusted with R15
PWM to be checked at TP3 with oscilloscope
SMD
Potentiometer for adjustment of PWM for diode current
potentiometer (IR & LBO module)
Service menu "Analog" "DRIVE" to be set to 2.35V
max. diode current =100% to be adjusted with R22
At Test Points TP12 and TP11-GND PWM to be checked with
oscilloscope
DIL switch
ON/OFF switch for acoustic "laser emission signal

For the exact pin assignments, refer to the system wiring diagram in Appendix 2.
The 100% adjustment of the PWM for fan speed and diode current must be checked with an
oscilloscope.
If no oscilloscope is available, you can use a multimeter for an approximate check.
Note: The multimeter only displays a mean value of the PWM voltage!
Therefore, only the 100% value of PWM is displayed correctly!

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PWM = 100% optimal


adjustment at DRIVE = 2.35V

PWM = 99% just permissible


adjustment DRIVE=2.35V, but
adjustment with R22
potentiometer not yet correct

PWM ca 90% DRIVE=2.35V;


PWM not yet adjusted with R22
potentiometer, 100% value not
reached

Figure 25: PWM adjustment of diode current on controller pcb

17.2

Display pcb

Figure 26: Display pcb


The electronics accommodates a 4x DIP switch (S1). However, only the first three switches are
used. This switch assembly allows the required baud rate of the port to be set before the
operating voltage is applied (3 witches -> 8 possible baud rates).
The table below shows the assignment of the switch settings to the baud rates:
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DIP switch 1
OFF
ON
OFF
ON
OFF
ON
OFF
ON

DIP switch 2
OFF
OFF
ON
ON
OFF
OFF
ON
ON

DIP switch 3
OFF
OFF
OFF
OFF
ON
ON
ON
ON

Baud rate
1200
2400
4800
9600
19200
38400
57600
115200

New display firmware is uploaded in the factory.


17.3

TEC pcb

The TEC pcb serves to ensure a constant operating temperature of the laser modules. To this
end, the instantaneous temperature is measured via NTC resistors in the respective laser
module and evaluated on the TEC pcb. If a previously set temperature threshold is reached,
the system switches between "cooling and "heating of the Peltier elements.
The cooling mode is signaled by LED DL1 for the LBO diode and LED DL2 for the IR diode.
The temperature thresholds are factory-adjusted and matched to the built-in
laser module (LBO). Therefore, the laser modules may only be replaced
completely with TEC pcb.

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Figure 27: TEC pcb


17.4

DTI pcb

The Dongle Temperature Interface (abbrev: DTI) serves to distribute and acquire control
signals.
A temperature sensor (type LM35CZ) is located as active element at the conductor side of this
board. It serves to acquire the heat dissipator temperature.
For the pin assignment of all cables, refer to the system wiring diagram (see Appendix 2).
The designations of connectors on the DTI pcb are listed below:

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Figure 28: DTI pcb


17.5

Current transformer pcb

The current transformer pcb serves (as described above) to acquire the diode current of the IR
and LBO module.
Depending on the model supplied, one or two diode current cables (red cable) must be
threaded through the current transformer considering the correct direction of current flow
(marked by an arrow).
A function test of the IR or the LBO module can be performed by checking the measuring
voltage at the current transformer output with the laser module switched on.

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To this end, measure the voltage between device ground and R9/R10 by means of a
multimeter.
The voltage across the two ends of the resistor assembly connected in parallel must be
different by a factor of two.
e.g. IR module 4W cw mode: measuring voltage 1 = 1.33V / measuring voltage 2 = 0.67V

Figure 29: Current transformer pcb

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18

Spares, wearing parts and service tools

Designation
Total device
Footswitch
Power cable, Europe
Door interlock connector
Switching element, key switch
Control element, key switch
Switching element, Laser STOP button
Control element, Laser STOP button
Casing base, self-adhesive
Insert for calibration port
Insert for handpiece (Peak)
Insert for cover
Fiber detection connector
LED Bicolor red/yellow
LED Bicolor green/yellow
Laser diode driver x1
Laser diode driver x2
QNF pcb, equipped
Fuses for power supply (250V / 6.3 AT)
Automotive fuse for power supply (15A)

Part No.
5501 99 021
5507 04 013
1601 01 078
5501 01 039
5501 99 020
5501 01 040
5501 99 018
6608 01 051
1520 06 033
1520 06 029
1520 06 046
5502 01 210
5511 01 102
5511 01 103
5503 99 067
5503 99 068
1520 01 025
5509 01 022

Calibration port
Calibration port (complete)
Indium film

1520 01 008
6602 04 058

Control and display unit


Control unit (complete)
DTI pcb
DCU pcb with software
LCD display with frame
Touchscreen 5.7" with frame
Pulse generator (with cable)
Cable, display DCU pcb
Current transformer pcb

1520 01 011
1520 01 024
1520 01 020
1520 01 802
1520 01 803
5501 99 025
1520 01 031
1520 01 013

Diode laser module


Laser module, Diode 810 nm, compl.
Laser module, Diode 940 nm, compl.
Laser module, Diode 980 nm, compl.
Lens, fiber port 810-980
Microswitch
Temperature sensor LM35 CZ
Temperature sensor NTC 10 k

1520 01 005
1520 01 004
1520 01 003
6611 01 176
5501 01 063
6612 03 011
5506 99 016

1520 99 009

page 82 of 85

Error! Utilice la ficha Inicio para aplicar


berschrift 1 al texto que desea que
aparezca aqu.
O-ring, 72 x 2
O-ring, 132 x 2
Aiming beam diode with reflector

6602 01 117
6602 01 116
1520 01 801

LBO laser module


Service assy.: LBO laser module +TEC pcb
Service assy.: Fiber port assembly LBO, complete
Service assy.: Laser diode, 635 nm
Lens for fiber port assy., 532 nm

1520 01 800
1520 01 010
1520 01 801
6611 01 174

Laser cooling
Fan, axial 24 V
Peltier element 40x40
Heat conducting film 80x40
Indium film 80 x 40

6603 01 032
6608 07 014
6602 04 057
6602 04 058

Accessories
Mechanical adapter with lens, LBO handpiece
Mechanical adapter with lens, diode handpiece
Dummy plug, green
Dummy plug, red

1520 01 804
1520 01 805
1520 01 059
1520 01 060

Service tools
Power meter readout Ophir NOVA
Power meter sensor head Ophir F150A-SH (calibrated!)
Null-modem cable
RS232 module
Calibration fiber
Torque-controlled wrench, 10-80 Ncm
Jumper for current terminals
Heat-conducting paste

1520 99 009

6602 09 022
6602 09 037
1601 01 011
5507 04 041
2811 00 000

page 83 of 85

Appendix 1: Block diagram


key switch
emergency
bottom

laser
LED
diode

TEC - PCB

laser
LED
LBO

IC
interface

Fan
3x

joggle

colour display
graphic
controller

subsystem
diode laser

touch

subsystem
LBO laser

DCU
heat
exchanger

service
interface

Temperature
sensor

controler
Arcom
CPU
386 EX

calibration
port

thermal
management
diode

door interlock
warning lamp

thermal
management
diode

thermal
management
LBO

12V TEC
controler
PCB

12V CPU

footswitch

fiber
identification
diode

fiber
identification
LBO

dongle
diode

DTI
PCB

temp.
sensor
heat
sink

fiber
control

module A
line
input
fuses
line
switch

AC/ DC
converter

module B
2.5V diode
12V TEC
12V CPU

power supply

15 2099 008

diode module

pilot
laser

TEC
diode

dongle
LBO

temp.
sensor
diode

fiber
control

laser
diode

TEC
laser

temp.
sensor
LBO

TEC
LBO

LBO - module

pilot
laser

laser
diode

2.5V diode
12V TEC
12V CPU

(230V/12V)

QNF
PCB

control
inter
face

temp.
sensor
diode

control
inter
face

2.5V diode
current
sensor

2.5V diode

block diagram QuadroStar

Page 84 of 85

Appendix 2: Wiring diagram

Seite 85 von 85

15 2099 008

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