Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
SPM
PHYSICS
MODULE
1.0 WAVES
ORGANISED BY:
TOPIC:
1.0 WAVES
1.7 ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES
CONTENTS:
1.
2.
3.
4.
1.Transversewaves
waves
1.Transverse
2.Travelat
atthe
thesame
samespeed
speedof
of33xx10
1088ms
ms-1-1inin
2.Travel
vacuumbut
butslow
slowdown
downininother
othermaterial
materialmedia.
media.
vacuum
3.Travel
Travelthrough
throughsolids,
solids,liquids,
liquids,gases
gasesand
and
3.
vacuum
.
vacuum.
4.Obey
Obeythe
thelaws
lawsof
ofreflection,refraction,diffraction
reflection,refraction,diffraction
4.
and
interference.
and interference.
5.Can
Canbe
beabsorbed
absorbedand
andemitted
emittedby
bymatter
matter. .
5.
6.The
Thewave
waveequation
equation, , vv==f f
6.
7.Transferenergy
energyfrom
fromone
oneplace
placeto
toone
oneanother
another
7.Transfer
withoutthe
theneed
needfor
foraamaterial
materialmedium.
medium.
without
Types of EM
waves
Radio wave
Source
Application
Transmitter
Communication
Transmitting TV
radio programmes
Microwave
Microwave
transmitter
Infrared
Sun
Hot objects
Visible light
Sun
Hot objects
Flame
Ultraviolet rays
Sun
Special lamp
X - rays
X- rays
machine
Gamma rays
Radioactive
nuclei
decaying
Communicate with
satellite.
Heating food in
microwave oven
Telephony
Remote control
Security system
Thermal imaging
Seeing
Photography
Photosynthesis
Kill microbes
Detect security codes
on expensive
equipment
Imaging defects in
bones
Security system
Kill cancer cells
Radiotheraphy
Sterilisation
Medical tracers
Danger/over
exposure
Large doses of
radio wave may
cause cancer and
leukemia.
Burns if
concentrated
Affects the brain
Cataracts
Burns if
concentrated
Very intense
visible light can
damage the retina
Sunburn
Skin cancer
Cataracts
Destroy body cells
Cause mutation
Cancer
Destroy body cells
Cause mutations
Cancer
ultraviolet
x-ray
microwave
x-ray
x-ray
ultraviolet
infrared
infrared
microwave
infrared
ultraviolet
ultraviolet
infrared
microwave
x-ray
microwave
x-ray
gamma rays
ultraviolet rays
infrared rays
violet light
microwaves infrared
________________________________________________________________
6. Name three of the sources of electromagnetic waves.
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
7. Name one property that all electromagnetic waves have in common.
________________________________________________________________
8. State one application for each type of the following electromagnetic waves .
(a) gamma rays: ________________________________________________
(b) ultraviolet rays :______________________________________________
(c) infrared rays : _______________________________________________
(d) radio waves:_________________________________________________
(e) x rays : ____________________________________________________
(f) visible light: ________________________________________________
(g) microwaves:________________________________________________
9. Name the electromagnetic waves which are used widely in the field of
(a) communication
________________________________________________________________
(b) medicine
________________________________________________________________
10(a) Which component of the electromagnetic spectrum is detrimental to us if
exposed excessively?
________________________________________________________________
(b)For each type of electromagnetic waves mentioned in (a), state the
detrimental effects concerned.
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
ASSESEMENT ( 40 minutes)
1. The diagram below shows some of the components of the electromagnetic
spectrum.
radio
waves
microwave
s
infrared
ultraviolet
x-rays
gamma
rays
visible
x-rays
Increasing frequency
Figure 1
What are the names of the missing components marked A to C?
A: __________________
B: __________________
C: __________________
(b)Figure 2 shows the seven components of visible light which is part of the
electromagnetic spectrum
violet
indigo
orange
red
Figure 2
Identify the missing components X, Y and Z.
X: ____________________
Y : ____________________
Z: _____________________
(d) State two common characteristics of all electromagnetic waves when they
travel from the Sun to Earth.
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
ocean waves
Sound
ultraviolet
radio
(b) The radar transmit a signal at a velocity of 3.0 x 10 8 ms-1 towards the
aeroplane P and detects the reflected signal 4.0 x 10 -4 s later.
Calculate the distance of P from the radar transmitter at that time.
(c)The radar detects the same signal after reflection by another aeroplane,Q. The
signal from Q arrives later than the signal from P.
(i)Compare the distances of P and Q from the radar.
________________________________________________________________
(ii)State how the difference of distance of P and Q from the radar is
determined at any time.
________________________________________________________________
10
Answers of ACTIVITIES
1. B
2. A
3. A
4. A
5.microwaves, infrared, red light, violet light, ultraviolet, x-ray
6.sun, lighted bulb, fire
7.transferring of energy from the source to its surrounding area
8(a)food sterilization
(b)scanning body(in medicine)
(c)kill bacteria
(d)to light up dark places
(e)remote control
(f)telecommunication
(g)broadcasting
9.(a)microwaves, radio waves
(b)gamma rays, x-rays
10.(a)gamma rays, x-rays, ultraviolet
(b)gamma rays : cause cancer
X rays
: cause cell danger
Ultraviolet : cause skin cancer
Answers of ASSESMENT
1.(a) visible light
(b)3 x 10 8 ms-1
(c)Transverse waves mean that the waves travel in a direction perpendicular
to the direction of vibration.
2.(a) A : infrared
B : ultraviolet
C : gamma rays
(b) X : blue
Y: green
Z : yellow
(c)1. They can travel through in vacuo
2. They obeys the laws of refraction, reflection, diffraction and interference
3. (a) radio, infrared and ultraviolet
(b) All electromagnetic waves travel with the same speed of 3 x 10 8 ms-1
4.(a) electromagnetic waves
(b)
V=
2d
t
11
V=
3 10 8 4 10 4
2
= 60000 m
(c)The distance of Q is greater than the distance of P from the radar
(c) Determine the shortest distance of P or Q to the radar i.e the distance of P to
the radar is equal as Q to the radar.
12