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1. Important Formulae
(i)
Distance
Time
3. Average Speed
(iv) x km/hr = x
m/sec
18
18
(v) x m/sec = x
km/hr
5
2. Relative Speed
K
KUNDAN
x
x
x
x
km/hr = 24 km/hr
x
x
x
40 30 15
Exercise
1.
6
of his usual speed, a
7
man becomes late by 25 minutes. What is his
usual time taken for the journey?
For a journey, walking
2.
3.
4.
2
5.
6.
7.
8.
K
KUNDAN
[SSC UDC (Mains) Exam2001]
9.
1
3
km in
1
hours with one stoppage of 10 minutes, two
4
of 5 minutes and one of 3 minutes on the way.
Find the average speed of the train.
4
22. Two men set out at the same time to walk towards
each other from two points A and B, 72 km apart.
The first man walks at the rate of 4 km/hr. The
1
km
2
in the second hour, 3 km in the third hour and
so on. Find the time after which the two men will
meet.
K
KUNDAN
1
hours late.
2
Find the length of the trip and the original speed
of the train.
the train would have arrived only 3
1.
D
His usual time to cover the distance = hour
x
Now, according to the question,
Speed =
6
6
of his usual speed = x km/hr
7
7
Again,
D 7D
=
hour
6x 6x
7D D 25
6x x 60
D7
5
1
x 6
12
D 5
5
6
hours
x 12
2
1
hours.
Usual time = 2
2
Let the distance from A and B is x km.
Time taken to cover the distance from A to B at 20
x
km/hr =
hours.
20
and time taken to cover the distance from B to A at
x
30 km/hr =
hours.
30
Total time taken = 5 hours. (Given)
x
x
20 30
2.
3x 2x
5
60
5x = 60 5 = 300
x =
300
= 60 km
5
4
3.
x x 7
3 4 6
x
Time taken to walk at 5 km/hr =
hour
5
x
x
Time taken to walk at 6 km/hr =
hour
6
x
x
hours
4
15 1
hours
60 4
K
KUNDAN
x 1
be hours
4 4
early.
Actual time for reaching the school in time should
1
x
hours
be
6 12
1
x 1 x
4
4
6
12
x
1
7
5 7 12 1
30 12 60
60
60 5
30
= 6
5
Hence the required distance = 6 km
Solve as Q.No. 3. Try yourself.
[Ans : 18 km]
Solve as Q.No. 3. Try yourself.
[Ans : 2 km]
Let the required distance be x km.
Difference of times taken at different speeds
= (40 + 30) minutes = 70 minutes
70
7
hours =
hours
60
6
x
hours
3
x 1 2x 1
4
12
12x 12 8x 8
4x 20
x = 5 km
The distance of the school be 5 km and
8.
actual
(x 1)
time to reach school in time =
= 1 hour
4
The required speed is 5 km/hr.
Let the original speed and distance be V km/hr and
D km respectively.
Time taken to complete the whole journey
D
=
hours.
V
When the person moves 3 km/hr faster, then
D
D 40
V 3 V 60
x
Times taken at 3 km/hr =
hours
4
x
hours
6
5 1
x x
7
1
t
t
5 6
60 12
Solve as Q.No.
Let the distance of the school be x km.
late
Actual time for reaching the school in time should
x
1
t
....(ii)
6
12
Subtracting equation (ii) from equation (i), we get
6.
7
12 = 14
6
x
5
t
6
60
5.
x
7
12 6
x
7
t
....(i)
5
60
When Shivangi walks at 6 km/hr, then
4.
12
= 6
2
Hence, the required distance is 6 km.
Alternative Method:
Let x km be the distance between her house and
school and t hours be the time required to reach the
school from her house.
When Shivangi walks at 5 km/hr, then
x=
4x 3x
7
12
6
x=
x=
D
D 2
V3 V 3
D
D
2
V V3 3
DV 3D DV 2
V V 3
3
3D
2
V V 3 3
2V V 3
....(i)
9
When the person moves 2km/hr slower, then
D
D
D 40
V 2 V 60
D
D 2
V2 V 3
4
80
3
x + y = 60
...(ii)
Solving equations (i) and (ii), we have
x = 35 and y = 25
Speeds of the cars
= 35 km/hr and 25 km/hr.
10. Suppose the distance is x km and the speed of the
train is y km/hr.
Thus we have two relationships:
(x y )
(1)
x
45 3
3
x y
y
60 4
4
(2)
x
48 4
4
x (y 5)
y 5 60 5
5
3
4
y (y 5 )
4
5
D
D 2
V2 V 3
DV DV 2D 2
V(V 2)
3
4 3
y 4
5 4
K
KUNDAN
2D
2
V(V 2) 3
V(V 2)
....(ii)
3
Combining equations (i) and (ii), we get
D
2V(V 3) V(V 2)
9
3
2(V + 3) = 3(V 2)
2V + 6 = 3V 6
3V 2V = 6 + 6
V = 12 km/hr
Putting the value of V in equation (ii),
12 10
= 40 km.
3
Case I: W hen the cars are mov ing in the same
direction.
we get D =
9.
1 4
= 1
hours
3 3
4 20
= 80 km/hr
16 15
Therefore speed = 80 km/hr and distance
y =
3
80 = 60 km
4
11. Half of the original speed means double the normal
time. It means that the car should have covered half
of the distance of 100 km, ie 50 km, in 2 hours.
Hence, the original speed of the car
x =
50
= 25 km/hr
2
12. Distance covered by train
=
1
580
km =
km
3
3
Time taken by the train to cover this distance
= 193
1
17
hours =
hours
4
4
Total stoppage during the journey
= 10 1 + 5 2 + 3 1
= 23 minutes
= 4
23
hours
60
Actual time taken by the train to cover the above
distance
=
17 23
4 60
17 15 23
60
255 23 232
58
=
hours
60
60
15
580
3
Average speed of the train =
58
15
=
km/hr
580 15
= 50 km/hr
58 3
D
X = t km
3
13.
from Y = (t 2) km
5
780
= 2.5 sec
312
Now, during this time man would have travelled
further. So, distance covered by man in 2.5 seconds
= 2.5 13 = 32.5 m
The total distance travelled by man
= 780 + 32.5 = 812.5 metres.
15. X
P
Y
l
D D
= t (t 2) D
3
5
t t 2
D
D
5
3
K
KUNDAN
x 4 72 3
x
48 2
2x + 8 = 3x
x = 8
Speed of A = 8 km/hr
14. Time after which the bomb is set to explode
= 1 minute = 60 seconds
Speed of the man = 13 m/sec
Distance covered by man in 60 sec
= 13 60 = 780 metres
So, distance to be travelled by sound before it catches
up with army man = 780 metres
Speed of the sound = 325 m/sec (given)
Since the man and sound are travelling in the same
direction, the relative speed of sound
= 325 13 = 312 m/sec
Time taken by sound to travel 780 metres
=
D
3
and
y km/hr =
D
5
t t 2
1
3
5
5t 3t 6
1
15
8t 6 = 15
8t = 15 + 6 = 21
21
5
2
hours
8
8
Converting this in hours, minutes and seconds, we
get 2 hours 37 minutes and 30 seconds.
t =
[2
5
hours = 2 hours + 60 minutes
8
8
1
75
37
= 2 hours +
minutes
2
2
= 2 hours + 37 minutes +
1
minutes
2
= 2 hour s + 37 minut es + 60
2
30 seconds
= 2 hours 37 minutes 30 seconds]
16. Let the distance for A be x km
Number of hours A walks daily = (24 9 =) 15 hours
Number of days = 50 days
x
50 15
..... (i)
In second situation
Let the number of days be Y
Distance = 2x
Number of hours for which A walks daily = 6 hours
Speed in second case (in km/hr)
=
Distance
2x
Time
Y6
..... (ii)
(x 80 )
30 d (x 80 )
=
hours
4
x
x
60
2x
2x
Y 6 50 15
Y 6 = 50 15
50 15
= 125 days
6
17. Total distance travelled = 3990 km
Ratio of time spent in travelling by air, water and
land = 1 : 16 : 2
Ratio of respective speeds = 20 : 1 : 3
From the given fact, the ratio of respective distances
will be 20 : 16 : 6 = 10 : 8 : 3
Sum of the ratios = 10 + 8 + 3 = 21
Distance travelled by steamer will be
Y =
8
= 1520 km
21
18. Let the distance between station A and station B be
d km.
Again, let the initial speed of the goods train be x
km/hr.
As the accident takes place after 1 hour
distance covered in 1 hour by the goods train
= x km
Remaining distance = (d x) km
Total time taken, if no accident happened
= 3990
1
4x
x
60
x
5
1
80 1 5[d (x 80] d
1
x
2
4x
x
80 1 5[d (x 80 )] d
x
2
4x
x
320 5d 5x 400 1 d
4x
2 x
5d 5x 80 1 d
4x
2 x
1 4d 5d 5x 80
2
4x
2x = 5x d + 80
Putting the value of d from equation (i), we have
2x = 5x 7x + 80
4x = 80
K
KUNDAN
d
= hours
x
Case I:
Time taken by the goods train to cover the distance
= 1
30 d x
4x
60
5
1 5(d x )
= 1
hours
2
4x
80
= 20
4
Hence original speed of the train = 20 km/hr.
Distance between the stations A and B
= d = 7x (From i)
= (7 20) = 140 km.
19. Solve as Q.No. 18. Try yourself.
[Ans: Speed = 60 km/hr
Length of the journey = 600 km]
2 0 . Let the distance be D km and speed be the x km/hr
From the question, we have
x =
50 (D 50) 4 D 25 D 5
x
3x
x 60 x 12
1 5(d x ) d
2
2
4x
x
(d x ) 5 d 1
4x
x 2
3x
12x
(d x ) 5 d 1
4x
x
2
4D 50 12D 5 x
3x
12x
5d 5x 4d 1
4x
2
d 5x 1
4x
2
2d 10x = 4x
2d = 14x
d = 7x
....(i)
Case II:
If the goods train had covered 80 km more before the
accident, then the distance of site of the accident =
(x + 80) km
Remaining distance = [d (x + 80)] km
Time taken to cover the whole of the distance
50 24 (D 26 ) 4 D 35
x
3x
x 60
26 4D 104 12D 7 x
x
3x
12x
78 4D 104 12D 7x
3x
12x
D 7
12D 7x
x 12
12x
8
4D 26 12D 7x
3x
12x
4D 7x 104
.... (ii)
Now, subtracting equation (ii) from equation (i), we
have
2x = 96
x = 48 km/hr
Put the value of x in equation (i) and find the distance
(D)
4D 5 48 = 200
4D = 200 + 240 = 440
440
= 110 km. (Ans)
4
21. Time for work per day in first condition
= (24 9 =) 15 hours
Time for work per day in second condition
= (24 9 2 =) 6 hours
Here we have four quantities : Speed, Distance, Work
and Days. We have to calculate number of days.
Hence, Days will be in t he last column. Her e
following relationships exist.
More speed, less days (Inverse)
More distance, more days (Direct)
Less hours of work, more days (Inverse)
7t + t2 + 16t = 288
t2 + 23 t - 288 = 0
t2 + 32 t 9t - 288 = 0
t (t + 32) 9 (t + 32) = 0
(t + 32) )(t 9) = 0
t + 32 = 0
t = 32 (Not possible)
t 9 = 0
t = 9
They meet after 9 hours.
23. Let the trains A and B travel at speed of x and y km/
hr respectively and meets 10 hours after departure.
D =
K
KUNDAN
4 hours and 20 minutes = 4
Hence,
2 : 1
1 : 2 :: 40 : x
6 : 15
1 2 15 40
= 100
2 1 6
Hence the required time = 100 days.
2 2 . Let A starts from point X, B starts from point Y and
they meet after t hours.
A
X
13
hours
3
13
13x
=
3
3
Both the trains meet 8 hours after train A leaves P.
Now if they meet at C1 then
PC1 = 8 x = 8x km
BC1 = 8 y = 8y km
According to the question,
= AP = x
2 1 6 : 1 2 15 :: 40 : x
2 1 6 x = 1 2 15 40
Product of extremes = Product of means
x =
20
1 13
4
hours
60
3
3
8x + 8y = 650
8x y 650
P
XP = 4 t = 4t km
YP = 2 + 2.5 + 3 + .... t terms
This is an AP.
n
2a n 1d
2
where n = number of terms, a = first term and d =
common difference
Sum of an AP =
t
1 t
t 1
YP = 2 2 2 (t 1) 2 2 4 2 2
t2 t
7t t 2
7t t 2
4 4
4
4
4
But it is given that XY = 72 or XP + PY = 72
8 65 650
13x
3
13x
3
13 x
3
13x
650 520 130
3
130 3
= 30 km/hr
13
Speed of train A = 30 km/hr
Speed of train B = (65 30) km/hr
= 35 km/hr
24. As given, speed of the train P = 25 km/hr
Speed of the train Q = 20 km/hr
Speed of the train R = 30 km/hr
x =
= 2t
7t t
20 t
Q1
P1
+ 4t = 72
X 33 km
87.5 km
25 t
30 t Y
1
7
175
25
87.5 km
hours =
2
2
2
Distance travelled by train Q between 9 : 51 to 11 :
30 ie. in
ie in 3
39
33
20
20
60
20
= 33 km
Assume that trains P and Q are at A and B respectively
at 11 : 30 am. Also assume that t minutes after 11 :
30 am, train P was equidistant from train Q and
train R. At the equidistant position train P, Q and R
were at P1, Q1 and R1.
XP1 = XA + AP1 = (87.5 + 25 t) km
XQ1 = XB + BQ1 = (33 + 20 t) km
P1 Q1 = XP1 XQ1 = (87.5 + 25 t) - (33 + 20 t)
= (54.5 + 5 t) km
Distance RR1 = 30 t km
P1R1 = Total distance - XP1 - RR1
= 220 - (87.5 + 25 t) - 30 t
= (132.5 - 55 t) km
P1Q1 = P1R 1
5t + 54.5 = 132.5 - 55 t
1 hour 39 minutes = 1
3
of 42 km. = 18 km.
7
Alternative Method I:
=
42 x
hours
Time taken by B =
4
Distance travelled by A = x km
x
Time taken by A = hours
3
K
KUNDAN
60 t = 78 or t =
78
60 minutes
60
t = 78 minutes
So 78 minutes after 11 : 30 am ie at 12 : 48 pm train
P will be equidistant from train Q and R.
78
XP1 = 87.5 + 25 t = 87.5 + 25
= 87.5 + 32.5
60
1
XP = 120 km
At 120 km away from station X, trains would be at
equal distances.
25.
288
= 44
12
Speed of one train = 24 km/hr
Speed of the other train = (24 + 8 =)32 km/hr
26. Distance between 2 trees on a 2-km road
x =
2 1000
= 10 m
=
201 1
Number of trees planted on both sides of a 50-km
road
50 1000
1 = 10002
= 2
10
x 42 x
3 4
4x = 126 3x
7x = 126
126
= 18
7
required distance = 18 km
Alternative Method II:
As speed = 3 km
Bs speed = 4 km
Let us consider that A and B meets after t hours.
Distance covered by A in t hours = 3t km
Distance covered by B in t hours = 4t km
Total distance covered by A and B
= 3t + 4t = 7t km
But the total distance covered by A and B is twice
the distance between P and Q.
So, 7t = 21 2
x =
21
7
t = 6 hours
So, the distance between P and R = Distance travelled
by A = 3 6 = 18 km.
28. Let the length of the trip be d km and the original
speed of the train be x km/hr.
As the accident takes place after 3 hours.
distance covered in 3 hours by the train = (3 x)
= 3x km
Remaining distance = (d 3x) km
Total time taken by the train if no accident happens
t = 2
d
hours
x
Case I:
Time taken by the train to cover the whole length of
the trip
10
15x 50 29
x
2
30x 100 = 29x
x = 100
Hence, speed = 100 km/hr and the length of the
trip (d) = 12x = 12 100 = 1200 km
(d 3x )
3 1
75 hours
=
x
100
4(d 3x )
= 4
hours
3x
4(d 3x ) d
4
3x
x
Then, we have
4d 12x d
3x
x
4d 12x = 3d
d = 12x
.... (i)
Case II:
If the train had covered 150 km more before the
accident then the distance of the accident = (3x +
150) km
Remaining distance
= (d (3x + 15)) km
Time taken to cover the whole length of the trip
D
D 40
and
x 3 x 60
D
D 40
x 2 x 60
D
D
2
x x 3 3
3D
2
x (x 3) 3
.... (1)
K
KUNDAN
3x 150
d (3x 150)
1
75
x
x
100
and
2D
2
x (x 2) 3
3D
2D
x (x 3) x (x 2)
3(x 2) 2(x 3)
1
x
3x
x 2
12x 5
3x 150 4 12x 12x 600
x
3x
x
2
3x 6 2x 6
d 12x
3x
2
x
2
x
2
.... (2)
3x 150
d (3x 150) d 7
1
3x
x
x 2
4
D
D 2
x 2 x
3
x 12 km/hr
Now, if we put this value in (1), we get
D =
2 12 15
= 40 km.
3
3
11
K
KUNDAN