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FLYING DUTCHMAN
By Gerald Taylor White
Design by Westlawn Associates. Naval Architects
105
are no steam-bent frames, no cross-bend- indicates the path of the water around and
ing of parts. Some of the planks and the under the hull. Note that the forward and
chines and clamps will be too stiff to go in after ends of that curve are almost identi-
cold. Wrap them with old rags or sacking cal. In a motorboat, that would be fatal
and provide a supply of boiling water to to speed; in a sailing craft, it is ideal from
be poured on the rags as the clamp screws both the speed and rough-water angles.
are gradually tightened. She isn't a light If the lines of FLYING DUTCHMAN
little plaything, she is all boat; and, if could be compared with any American type,
built according to the plans and specifica- it would be the Down-East dory. But the
tions, should last for at least 25 years. dory is known for its lack of stability,
All of you may not be technically in- while the GREY DAWN type is famed for
clined, but to really appreciate the virtues exactly the opposite. The answer lies in the
of the boat, it may be worthwhile to con- way the hull is balanced. Look at the
sider for a few minutes some of the mathe- Curve of Righting Arms on the Accommo-
matical aspects of the design. Unlike most dation Plan. It represents the inherent
boats, her center of buoyancy is closer to power in the hull that causes it to return
the midship section than to the next station to an even keel. Many sailing boats have
aft. This is an ideal situation if the entire a curve that reaches its peak at about 30°
underbody can be properly balanced. If you and then falls off sharply. You will note
will look at the drawing entitled Lines and that the stabilizing effect of this hull shape
Offsets, you will see a dotted line marked is still going upwards at even 40°. At any
Curve of Areas. The shape of that line such angle, the deck edge would be way
107
hardening marine glue or white lead before waters are driven where indicated, there
being drawn together. being two forward and one just forward
Stem. White oak, sided 4 in., molded of Station 2.
6 in., arranged as shown and extended far Transom. White oak, 1-1/4 " thick, in as
enough above the rail line so it can be fin- wide boards as possible. If made of marine
ished off with the ornamental curve. Below plywood, it can be 1 in. thick. Note that
the clipper stem it is faced off to a width the notch in the stern post must be the
of 3/4 in., but in way of the clipper stem, same thickness as the transom. If made
facing off should be left until that piece of boards, the seams run horizontally and
is in place. The entire stem is rabbetted for are backed by 7/8x2-in. screw-fastened
the planking. cleats. The forward face of the transom
Clipper Stem. White oak, preferably a is finished off with 7/8x2-in. white-oak
grown knee, 2-1/2 ". thick where it joins screw-fastened cleats to form an extra
the stem and tapered to 1-1/4". thick at the backing for the planking. If a plywood
forward upper point and, gradually, to 3/4 stern is used, the cleats should be flush
in. thick at the forward lower point. with the edges of the transom. An alterna-
Stem Knee. White oak, sided 3 in. and tive method when the transom is made of
molded about as shown. You can get oak boards is to have the cleats 1-1/4 in.
slightly more room in the forepeak and thick and to set them in the thickness of
use shorter bolts if you curve the upper the planking from the edges of the transom.
portion of the stem knee, although it in- In this case, the plank ends butt against
volves more work. the transom and great care must be taken
Stern Post. White oak, sided 4 in., molded to apply plenty of marine glue between the
4 in., and notched for the l-1/4 ". transom. cleats and the transom.
Stopwaters. Half-inch white-pine stop- [Continued on page 128]
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Flying Dutchman
[Continued from page 128]
bottom frames. Fasten with one boat nail into shape of the engine bed as it will vary to suit
each side and bottom frame. the engine installed. Basically, it is made of
Main Clamps. Longleaf yellow pine, l-1/4x 2-in. yellow pine or white oak, notched over
2-1/2",, in single lengths if possible, fastened frames from Stations 2 to 3-1/2, and through-
to each side frame with two galvanized boat bolted to them. The bed is installed at an
nails and boxed into the transom cleats. It angle to the centerline in such a position that
is important that the clamps be located in the shaft line intersects the centerline at Sta-
the proper position below the sheer line so tion 3 and is approximately 12 in. off the cen-
the deck beams can rest upon them and the terline and not less than 10 in. below the top
top of the decking come exactly on the main of the keel at Station 1/2. It is highly important
sheer line. to know what engine is to be installed and
Main Deck Beams. 7/8X2-1/2 ", cut to a what the direction of rotation will be. A left-
camber of 19 ft. 6 in. There is one extra deck hand engine turning a righthand propeller'
beam as a filler between the bulkhead and should be installed with the propeller on the
the regular beam on Station 8. In -way of the starboard side. A righthand engine turning
hatch above the forepeak, the beam on Sta- a lefthand wheel should be installed at the
tion 9 is cut as shown and the hatch framed opposite angle. Where the shaft passes through
up with fore-and-aft carlings the same size the hull, a 4x4-in. wedge-shaped shaft log
as the beams. Deck beams from Stations 3-1/2 is installed and bolted down to the planking
to 7 are installed on the forward sides of the over a canvas and white-lead gasket. This
side frames, being screwed or bolted to the shaft log carries the stuffing box. The after
heads of the side frames. In way of the cabin, end of the shaft is carried on a strut bolted
there are short beams extending to a point through the planking with fillers on the inside,
2 ft. 10 in. from the centerline of the boat said strut to have dimensions to suit the shaft
and resting upon l-1/4x3-in. carlings firmly size and angle required for the individual
attached to the bulkheads at Stations 3 and 8. engine.
Cockpit Deck Beams. Same size as main Cabin Construction. Each cabin side is
deck beams, but cut to no camber. Bolt to carried on a 2x4-in. oak or yellow-pine sill.
the after side of each frame and locate so the These sills are cut off at the bottoms at 8°
cockpit decking will be 9 in. above the water- angles from horizontal to impart the proper
line or 3 ft. above the base line. In way of rake to the cabin sides and their tops are
the engine box, a hatch is framed up. It is rabbeted to take said cabin sides. At the
suggested that the engine be installed at about forward and after ends of the cabin are
this time so the size of the hatch can be made similar sills. The forward one bolts through
to suit the machine installed, making sure to a deck beam and the after one bolts through
provide plenty of space for working around a cockpit beam and is framed up around the
the engine and reaching into the storage space engine box. The cabin sides are 1-in. oak,
under the cockpit deck. It is advisable to place yellow pine, or mahogany and are screw-
a post on the centerline from each of the cock- fastened into the lxl-in. rabbets in the tops
pit beams down to the keel to keep the deck of the sills. Use 1-3/4in. No. 10 screws at in-
from sagging. tervals of no more than 4 in. While marine
Mast Partners And Fillers. In way of the plywood could be used for these sides, con-
mast and for the entire distance from it to the siderable difficulty would be encountered
stem there are 2-in. fillers of scrap wood to when rabbeting it for the windows. The
provide a firm foundation for the mast wedges height of the sides is taken from the outboard
and the bitt. profile.
Breasthook. 1-1/4 in. thick, in the form of a The bottom and sides of each window open-
triangle, filling in between the forward ends ing have 1/4X1/2 in. rabbets in order that a
of the clamps and the stem. Should be well conventional jump-and-swing sash can be in-
fastened through the clamps and also to the stalled. On the outside, to protect the opening,
stem. there is a 3/8x2-in. batten at top and bottom.
Bulkheads. The bulkhead at Station 8 is Each sash frame is lxl-1/2-in. oak or mahogany,
constructed of 1-in. marine plywood. In way rabbeted for the double-thick glass, which is
of the lavatory, a paneled door leading to the held in place with quarter-round molding.
forepeak is installed. While this can be a Each sash is fitted inside with a handle and a
hinged door, it will be more convenient if it hook for securing it to a roof beam. In the
is arranged to remove, being held in place forward end of the cabin are two 6-in. port-
with cleats and thumb buttons. lights. •
Engine Bed. It is impossible to specify the (Part II will appear next month).
130
By Gerald Taylor White
108
ened with 2-1/2" boat nails. The cockpit across the top of the trunk. It has small
deck is the same as the main deck. Be- moldings along the edges to prevent small
tween Frames 1/2 and 1,1.5 and 2, and 2.5 articles from rolling off.
and 3, the deking extends through to the Rudder. White oak, 1-1/4" thick, built
planking. Great care should be taken up the same as the centerboard, and
here to insure watertightness. Scuppers shaped as shown, with three notches cut
are then cut through the planking so any in the after edge to act as a boarding lad-
water can drain overboard. der. It is hung on heavy gudgeons and
Waterways. Around the upper outer pintles, or else on heavy bronze screweyes
edge of the cabin are 1x1-1/2-in. combined through which a 3/8-in. rod is run. The
waterways and grab rails, which are tiller is made of a piece of white oak or
screw-fastened through the canvas into ash, 2-1/2 in. deep, 1-1/4 in. thick, and ap-
the cabin top. Cut scuppers through these proximately 4 ft. 4 in. long. It is shaped
waterways at the low spots to provide as shown in the plans. A ball may be
drainage. carved on the end if desired. The tiller
Centerboard. White oak, 1-1/4 in. thick, fastens to the rudder through a slot the
and of the shape shown in the detail. All full thickness of the rudder blade. On each
pieces forming the board are fastened to- side of the slot there are oak blocks about
gether with 3/8-in. galvanized rod. Lead 16 in. long and 1-1/4 in. thick, nicely
or iron ballast, about 35 lbs., is added to tapered towards the bottom, through-
overcome flotation. The board is hung on bolted above and below the tiller slot, and
a 7/8-in. bronze pin that passes entirely screw-fastened at the bottom. Extreme
through the keel and is fitted with cotter care should be taken to make a strong job
pins and washers on the outside. A bronze here as there is considerable strain on the
bushing is placed in the centerboard over tiller.
the pin. A light chain is shackled to the Moldings. Along the main sheer and the
after end of the centerboard and runs rail line there are 1-1/2in. half-round oak
through a sheave at the top of the after moldings. These must be very well screwed
headledge, then down to a light tackle. into the frames and it is important that
After the board is installed, a cap is secured thick paint or marine glue be applied to
109
the undersides of the moldings before they board of the berths and a folding table
are fastened. Additional half and quarter- of 3/4-in. plywood is fitted against the
round moldings are used where required centerboard trunk. A small locker for guns
to make a neat finish. and rods is installed against the after bulk-
Rail Cap. The entire bulwark from stem head between the companion ladder and the
to stern is covered with a white oak or starboard berth. On the port side, a dresser,
longleaf pine 1x5-in. cap. This rests 11 in. high, is constructed, with lockers
horizontally on top of the frames and under it and dish racks over. The stove
screw-fastens into the edges of the planks rests on this dresser in the position shown
and into each frame. In way of any fittings and must run athwartships. The sink
attached to the cap, oak filler blocks, fitted measures 12x12 in. It drains overboard,
tightly between the frames and fastened the dresser being raised high enough to
thereto, are used. allow this. The water supply is by means
Interior Arrangement, Below decks of a 3/8-in. copper tube with gravity flow
forward there is a large forepeak. It is from the tank forward. The companion-
reached through a deck hatch and through way ladder is made of 3/4-in. plywood and
the panel in the forward bulkhead. A light fitted with hooks so it can be removed to
grating is laid here to keep ropes and sails gain access to the engine and the lazar-
from getting into the bilge. It is suggested, ette. It is suggested from the standpoint of
although not necessary, that a 6-in. dead- safety that the stove be set in a zinc-
light be installed in the hatch. The toilet covered box and that the bulkhead abaft
room is built, as shown, of %-in. marine the stove be covered with 1/4-in. asbestos
plywood. A marine watercloset is installed and then covered with zinc.
with lead-pipe connections for inlet and
outlet. Outboard of the watercloset, shelves Ventilation. A 3-in. mushroom-type
for linen and other equipment are installed. ventilator is installed in the forward deck
Around the inside of the toilet room, coat to keep articles [Continued on page 136]
hooks are installed to suit. In the main
cabin, both of the berths are built of %-in.
marine plywood and fitted with lockers
underneath. The tops of the cushions are
12 in. above the floor. The depths of the
berth boxes depend upon the thickness of
the cushions and whether or not box
springs are used. Shelves are installed out-
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Flying Dutchman
[Continued from page 110]
in the forepeak from remaining damp. Ven- cheek leads for the lazyjack; two thimbles, two
tilation to the engine can be provided with eyebolts on the boom, and two eyebolts on the
two mushroom-type vents or a number of mast for the lazyjack; one boom jaw with
holes in engine box. band; six mast tangs; one masthead compres-
Tanks. There are two cylindrical gal- sion band with four eyes; four chain plates;
vanized tanks fitted on the forward deck in one bobstay plate; one compression band with
heavy oak chocks. Each tank should have four eyes for the bowsprit; seven turnbuckles;
at least one swash plate and a filling cap with one V-type strut for the jumper stays; and one
a small vent in the top. The tanks are held mast slide with the necessary fittings.
in place with heavy galvanized straps lined Standing Rigging. All 1/4-in. flexible plow
with belt lining and drawn down either with steel, eye-spliced and attached to fittings with
turnbuckles or with lag screws. Where the shackles or patented attachments. There are
outlet pipes pass through the deck, the open- four shrouds, a forestay, a jibstay, and two
ings should be tight. After passing through jumper stays.
the deck, the pipes go outboard to the sides of Running Rigging. Halliards, 1/2-in.-dia.
the boat just inside the frames; then down and manila; jib sheets, 3/8-in.-dia. manila; main
aft under the cabin floor. A shut-off valve sheet, 3/4".-dia. manila; lazyjacks, 3/8".-dia.
must be arranged under the deck for each manila. All to be properly spliced and sized.
tank. The starboard tank is for fuel and the Block List. All of the blocks are to be of a
port tank for water. size to take the running rigging without chance
Deck Box. A deck box of 7/8-in. waterproof of binding if the rope swells. One single block
plywood is installed alongside the engine for the jib halliard; one single block and one
hatch. It is used as a seat and as a receptacle single block with becket for the main halliard;
for small articles. two single blocks, one double block with
Icebox. Similar to the deck box, except traveller ring, and one eyebolt for the main
that it consists of an inner and an outer box sheet.
with at least 1 in. of ground-cork or glass- Sails. Eight-oz. sailcloth of a quality to be
wool insulation between the two boxes. The approved by the owner. The jib is to be fitted
drain for melted ice runs onto the deck. with hanks for the stay. The mainsail is to
Boom Crotch. A scissors-type boom crotch, have slide fittings along the mast, lacing eyes
of 1-1/4x4 " white oak, is built as shown in the along the boom, a headboard at the peak, and
detail and arranged to hook to the insides of two sets of reef points: one 2 ft. above the
the traveller bitts at cockpit level and to ex- foot and another 3 ft. 6 in. above the foot.
tend far enough above deck to carry the boom To extend the roach, batten pockets are to
when the sails are furled. be installed at 4-ft. intervals. Both sails are
Bowsprit. White oak or longleaf pine, 8 ft. to be supplied with sail covers and strops.
long and made from a 4x4-in. piece of material Sail Dimensions. Jib: Luff, 19 ft. 2 in.
tapered down to 3 in. at the outboard end. It Foot, 9 ft. 6 in.
passes through an opening in the bulwark on Leech, 15 ft. 10 in.
the starboard side of the stem, to which it is Mainsail: Hoist, 28 ft.
through-bolted. Abaft the stem it is rectangu- 3 in.
lar in section; forward of the stem it is gradu- Foot, 17 ft.
ally rounded off. It bolts down through 7 in.
the deck fillers and through the bitt. Leech, 32 ft,
Mast and Boom. To be of selected spruce exclusive of
and made as per the details. The mast is round • roach
in section with a maximum diameter of Roach, 16 in.
5-1/2 in. The boom is rectangular in section, Ballast. Like all centerboard boats, this
made of a piece of 2-1/4-in. material. It is left craft will require trimming ballast, the exact
straight on top, slightly rounded on the bot- amount depending upon the equipment in-
tom, and tapered towards the ends as stalled. So locate it to bring her to her de-
shown. signed waterline. All of this ballast is inside.
Deck Fittings. One pair 6-in. bow chocks for- In a boat of this character, ordinary building
ward; one 8-in. main-sheet cleat on the travel- brick provides an excellent ballast. It is cheap
ler aft; two 6-in. jib cleats bolted through and easy to install. The cabin flooring should
blocks on top of the cabin; two swivel-type jib be arranged with frequent hatches so the
leads, also bolted through blocks on the cabin ballast can be installed or moved. When the
roof; two 8-in. halliard cleats, one on each boat is to be hauled out for any length of
side of the mast; two 5-in. lazyjack cleats; two [Continued on page 138]