Worksheet5.

1
Kinetictheoryandthegeneralgasequation
1 a Describethechangesthatoccurintheclosenessandmotionoftheparticleswhen:
i agaschangestoaliquid
ii asolidchangestoaliquid.
b Statethenamegiventoeachofthechangesinparta.
c Whatenergychangeoccurswhen:
i agaschangestoaliquid?
ii aliquidchangestoagasatatemperaturebelowtheboilingpointoftheliquid?
2 a Underwhatconditionsdothepropertiesofanidealgasdifferfromthoseofarealgas?
b Fortheconditionsyoustatedinpart a,explainhowanidealgaswouldbehave.
c Explainwhythepropertiesofidealgasesdifferfromthoseofrealgases.

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Inquestions3and 4youwillneedtousethegasconstant,R.Youwill findthisvalueinDatasheet1.

3 Therelativemolecularmassofavolatileliquidcanbefoundbyvaporisingtheliquidina
gassyringe.0.0750gofahydrocarbonvapouroccupies25.0cm3 at77.0 C.Atmospheric
pressureis101.3kPa.
a Whatisthe valueofthetemperatureinkelvins?
b Whatistheatmosphericpressureinpascals?
c Whatisthevolumeofthehydrocarbonvapourinm3?
d Usethegeneralgasequationtocalculatetherelativemolecularmassofthehydrocarbon.

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4 Ahydrocarbonwithrelativemolecularmass58.0existsasavapourat100 Candatmospheric
pressure101kPa.Undertheseconditions,0.100 gofthishydrocarbonwaspresentasvapour.
a Calculatethenumberofmolesofthehydrocarbon.Giveyouranswerto3significant
figures.
b Whatisthevalueofthetemperatureinkelvins?
c Whatistheatmosphericpressureinpascals?
d Whatvolume,in cm3,doesthishydrocarbonoccupyundertheseconditions?

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CambridgeInternationalASand ALevelChemistry

OriginalmaterialCambridgeUniversityPress2011