DEVC 80 Handout 1

Philippine Media History
PRE-SPANISH PERIOD (Ancient times 1521)

An Indigenous form of communication was already in existence evidenced by writings on barks and bamboos. News were also announced by an
umalokohan or the town crier.
Literature was already developing: forms included sabi (maxim), bugtong (riddle), darangan (epic poetry), kumintang (war songs), and hudhud
(wedding song).
http://ww2.aijc.com.ph/PCCF/mediamuseum/timeline/timeline-pre-spanish.htm
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SPANISH PERIOD (1521-1900)
1521-1637
Folk media cenaculo, pastores,
pasyon, awit corrido, balagtasan, and
balitao) flourished (1521-1898).
In 1593, Doctrina Christiana (which contains
basic teachings of the Roman Catholic
Church) was printed by being chiselled on
blocks of wood from which an inked paper
impression was taken. The first printing press
which was run by hand was introduced at the
University of Santo Tomas in 1593.
News dissemination via print was done by

the Spanish government through a oneissue newsletter called hojas volantes or
flying sheets.
The Sucesos Felices, the first Philippine
newsletter, was published by Filipino
1800-1848
1862-1900
In 1811, the first newspaper, Del Superior

Govierno, was printed by the Spanish Governor
Manuel Fernandez Folgueras in Manila as a result of
the interest of the local community in the affairs of
Spain. It was the first "formal" newspaper but folded
after 15 issues over a six-month period.
In 1862, El Pasig, a bilingual fortnightly in Spanish

and Tagalog, signified the advent of the native
press.
Ramillete Patriotico was published in 1821.

Short-lived newspapers followed this. Spanish
censorship laws at this time greatly affected
newspaper publication in the Philippines.
La Ezperanza, (December 1, 1846) the first daily
newspaper in the country, was published by the
Spaniard Miguel Sanchez but lasted only three years.
It escaped censorship by camouflaging its criticisms
in essays, history and philosophy.
Diariong Tagalog, the first native daily, came out in

1892 but lasted only from three to five months.
El Ilocano, the first newspaper that was genuinely
native, came out in 1889 and lasted until 1896.
In 1896, U.S.T. Faculty of Philosophy and Letters
offered Litt. B. in Journalism, PH.B. (Bachelor of
Philosophy), 1965, Present offerings include A.B.
with majors in Asian Studies, Communication Arts,
Journalism, Literature, Philosophy, Political Science
and Sociology.
In 1893, El Hogar, first publication by women, was
published.
Kabzeel Sheba G. Catapang | DEVC 80 (Communication and Society) | Historical Development of Philippine Media
SPANISH PERIOD (1521-1900)
1521-1637
book writer Tomas Pinpin in 1637. An
example of hojas volantes, Sucesos
reports on Spanish successes in
Mindanao and the Moluccas.
1800-1848
Diario de Manila, which came out in 1848, was
the best edited newspaper and lasted until 1899.
1862-1900
In 1898, Kalayaan, the official organ of the Philippine
revolutionary movement KKK, was published.
Unfortunately, there was only one issue. Also published
at this time were the La Independencia, La Libertad,
El Heraldo de Ilolio, all revolutionary in theme.
In 1889, La Solidaridad, with articles authored by
national hero Dr. Jose Rizal, was first published in Spain.
El Ilocano, the first genuinely native newspaper was
also published at this time and it lasted until 1896.
http://ww2.aijc.com.ph/PCCF/mediamuseum/timeline/timeline-spanish.htm
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AMERICAN PERIOD (1898-1940)
1898-1908
This was the age of Modern Media
characterized by the Introduction of new
newspapers in 1898, film in 1904, and
radio broadcasting in 1922. Folk Media in
the form of zarzuela and the use of talinghaga or symbolism also marked the era.
The American Soldier and the Soldier's
Letter were the first English-language
newspapers in the Philippines, published
by enlisted men of the 18th Minnesota
Volunteers in the U.S. Army during the
Philippine-American War of 1898. It
advertised the imported products of one
"Mayor Brown" the newspaper
publication.
1910-1925
In 1912, Manila Bulletin expanded to include
news of general interest and remained as a
mouthpiece of the Americans even after 1946
under Taylor. It has since become Bulletin Today
owned by Hans Menzi.
The Manila Carnival became part of the
Metropolitan life of the 1900's. "It was an attempt
to bridge the gap created by wartime animosity
among Spanish, American, and Filipino
residents. The carnival helped start the year
right..." The climax of the carnival was the
coronation of the carnival queen. The ballots that
served as points for winning as Carnival queen
were printed in newspapers, leading magazines.
1926-1940
1929, KZRC opened in Cebu and introduced radio
in the province. It was however closed down since
relay signals were unsuccessful between Manila
and Cebu. It was reopened a decade and later
went fearlessly broadcasting on the side of the
guerilla movement.
KZRC-Cebu, introduced radio in the provinces in
1929.
Philippine Advertising Bureau, the first Filipinoowned ad agency was founded by Florentino
Garriz in 1929.
Vodavil, the popular pure entertainment stage
performance, came to life in the early 1930's and
helped people skirt the trauma of U.S. 'manifest
destiny' in the Pacific, forget the drudgery of daily
living, survive the tremors of American depression.
1898-1908
Manila Times founded by an Englishman,
Thomas Cowan, came out on October 11,
1898. It closed after 32 years but later
reopened with new owners.
Official Gazette (1898) was established
by the U.S. civil government in Manila to
counteract the "free-swinging and often
licentiuos American newspapers."
(Source: Nakpil, above) ! The American,
the second English language daily was
published by Franklyn Brooks, a New
York Journalist, on October 15, 1898.
El Nuevo Dia (The New Day) was
published in 1900 by Sergio Osmea,
Rafael Palma and Jaime C. de Veyra.
Manila Bulletin, oldest continuously

existing newspaper in the country, started
as a shipping journal in 1900. Its owner,
publisher and editor was Carson Taylor,
an American.
In 1904, the first movies appeared;
two silent movieswere about Jose Rizal.
Philippine Free Press was founded by
Judge W.A. Kincaid in 1906. It was to
become at the time the most influential
English-language weekly in the history of
Philippine journalism.
1910-1925
In 1919, the University of the Philippines offered
formal degree in journalism/communication
courses in country and Asia.
1926-1940
In 1930, Radio gradually left the experimental
stage and was becoming a dependable medium.
In 1920, Manuel L. Quezon established

the Philippines Herald, the first pro-Filipino
nationalistic newspaper with Carlos P. Romulo,
as one of its early editors.
In 1931, Radio Control Law was promulgated

paving the way for the creation of the Radio
Control Board that lasted until 1972. Before World
War II. six leading Manila-based commercial radio
stations were put up: KZRM, KZRF, KZIB, KZEG,
KZRH.
Philippine Publicity Service, the first Advertising

agency was founded by the Americans in 1921.
This was followed by the Philippine Agency
Service Company. Both ad agencies served as
clearing houses for advertisements coming from
the US.
1920s, Origin of Radio Broadcasting in the
Philippines
Most significant of the American era was the
birth of Philippine radio in 1922. A 50-watt radio
stations in Manila and Pasay was put up by
Henry Hermann in June 1922. Americans owned
most of the pre-World War II stations, which
employed mostly Americans as their announcing
staff; language used is English; programming
included entertainment and news. Radio became
mainly an entertainment medium and was readily
accepted by the public. Its profitability was
Norman Reyes anchored Voice of Freedom.

During the fall of Bataan, Norman was known for
his stirring broadcasts which demonstrated what
radio can do in keeping up the morale of the
Filipino people...Gen Wainwrigh tannounced the
surrender of Corregidor
1898-1908
Sakdal, a Tagalog newspaper was
founded by Benigno Ramos in 1908; it
was probably inspired by Zola's novel, J'
Acse (I Accuse) and was an instant hit
with the masses.
1910-1925
recognized by local businessmen and led them
to set up their own stations as channels for
advertising their products/services.
1926-1940
In 1924, KZKZ radio operating at 100-watts

replaced the radio stations established earlier by
Henry Hermann.
In 1924, letter "K" was assigned to broadcasting
stations in the Philippines in accordance with
United States laws applicable to the country
which was then an American colony.
http://ww2.aijc.com.ph/PCCF/mediamuseum/timeline/timeline-american.htm
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JAPANESE PERIOD (1941-1944)
Underground press flourished.
Folk media, specifically the vodavil, had its second flowering in this era. Vodavil and zarzuela provided people with the means of expressing
popular feeling and hitting back the enemy with impunity.
Carlos P. Romulo of the Philippines Herald won the Pulitzer Prize in 1942.
All radio stations were shut down except KZRH which was renamed PIAM, which the Japanese used as a mouthpiece.
Manila Tribune, Taliba and La Vanguardia were allowed to publish under regular censorship by the Japanese Imperial Army.
The Board of Information was created by the Japanese Army and Osaka Mainichi Publishing Company.
Although radio came in 1922 during the American period, it was the 1945 liberation from the Japanese which ushered in the real birth of
broadcasting in the Philippines.
http://ww2.aijc.com.ph/PCCF/mediamuseum/timeline/timeline-japanese.htm
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1946-1950
KZFM, The first radio stations to reopen after
the war. The U.S. government turned it over to
the Philippine Government. The broadcast call
letter "KZ" was replaced by "DZ" for Manila,
"DW" for Luzon, "DY" for the Visayas, and "DX"
for Mindanao.
The newspaper Manila Chronicle, started by a
group of pre-war newspapermen in 1945, was
sold to businessman Don Eugenio Lopez,
brother of then vice president Fernando Lopez.
It built up a name as a paper quality, until it was
closed by martial law.
In 1946, the Commonwealth Act of the US
Congress permitted the US President to grant
temporary permits to operate radio stations.
In 1947, Philippine radio stations were required
to change the first call letter from K to D with
DZ standing for Luzon stations, DY for Visayas
and Palawan stations, and DX for Mindanao
and Sulu stations.
In the 1950s, television came to the Philippines
USTand Feati University experimented with TV
before it turned commercial. In Feb 1950, UST
demonstrated its home-made receiver, Feati
opened an experimental TV station 2 yrs later.
As early as 1935, UST had graduated its 1st
journalist Narciso Reyes, later to become amb.
POST-WAR PERIOD (1946-1969)

1951-1960
Characterized by the emergence of pioneer
personalities in tri-media, advertising, PR, and
education; big businesses and the Press and
the introduction of television in 1953.
1961-1969
The National Media Production Center (NMPC)
was created in 1954 under the Office of the
President. Its "builders" were Hernando R.
Ocampo, Conrado V. Pedroche and Gregorio
Cendana. NMPC was mandated to produce
information and education materials for
government development programs.
Considered Milestones were:
In 1960, the Philippine Women's University also
- the publication of pioneering works of Jose
established a school in journalism.
Luna Castro
In 1961, the National Science Development
- the style book of the Manila Times (1960) the Board was established; it was the earliest
Manila Times Journalism Manual (1963)
initiative to use local TV for education,
- Clear and Effective Writing (1969) of
"Education on TV" and "Physics in the Atomic
Philippine Press Institute (PPI)
Age."
- Atty. Perfecto Hernandez' books on How to
In 1962, UPLB established the Department of
Manage a Community Newspaper and the
Agricultural Information (now Development
Law of the Press Handbook.
Communication).
The establishment of communication schools/ Metropolitan Educational Association (META)
departments in colleges & universities
(1964-1974) in cooperation with the Ateneo
Center for Television Closed Circuit Project,
produced television series in physics, Filipino
and social sciences which was broadcast in
The establishment of professional organizations selected TV stations and received by
participating secondary schools. The META
Publishers revived pre-war newspapers like the
team was headed by Leo Larkin, J. with
Manila Bulletin and the Philippines Herald.
Josefina Patron, Florangel Rosario, Lupita
The new Manila Times was established by
Concio and Maria Paz Diaz.
Joaquin Roces in place of the Tribune. Up to
In 1965, Dr. Gloria D. Feliciano who was first
the time of Martial law, Manila Times led all the
Dean in UP Diliman, established the UP
Philippine- language dailies in circulation.
Institute of Mass Communication, now UP CMC
1946-1950
In 1950, Republic Broadcasting System was
incorporated. DZBB-RBS (now GMA-7) goes
on air. DZBB introduced political satire.

1951-1960
Philippine Broadcasting System under
Francisco "Koko" Trinidad pioneered in
development broadcasting; it aired farm
programs on some radio stations and entered
into regular program of exchange of cultural
programs with countries in the Asian region.
In 1952, Lyceum University established a
school of journalism.
National Press Club was organized in 1952.
Commercial television came in 1953 when
DZAQ-TV Channel 3, the very first station was
opened in Manila by Alto Broadcasting System
owned by Antonio Quirino who was brother to
then president Elpidio Quirino.
By 1957, Chronicle Broadcasting Network,
owned by the Lopez family, operated two TV
stations - DZAQ and DZXL-TV Channel 9.
In 1957, the Public Relations Society of the
Philippines (PRSP) was organized.
1961-1969
Dr. Josefina Patron became the first head of
Ateneo de Manila University, Department of
Communication in 1965.
The first University Press organized in March
1965 was the UP Press
In 1965 Maryknoll College established a
communication department.
By 1966, the number of privately owned TV
channels was 18; ABS-CBN was the biggest
network by the time Martial Law was declared.
In 1966, Silliman University in Dumaguete City
was the first school of journalism outside Metro
Manila.
In 1968, the first provincial TV stations were
established in Cebu, Bacolod, and Dagupan.
The daily content was mostly canned
programs; only 10% of programs were locally
produced.
Communication programs were established by
West Visayas State College in 1965 and St.
Louis University in Baguio City in 1968.
St. Paul's College in Quezon City established a
communication department in 1968.
In 1969, Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila
established a communication department.
Factors that fostered greater openness for
college grads as reporters in later years: journalists as part-time lecturers, publication of landmark books on journalism by Jose Luna Castro
1946-1950

1951-1960
1961-1969
1960 and Manila Times Journalism Manual in
1963.
Some journalists at the time also served as
lecturers: Jose Luna Castro, Crispulo Icban,
Pocholo Romualdez, Hernando Abaya, I.P.
Soliongco, and Armando Malay.
http://ww2.aijc.com.ph/PCCF/mediamuseum/timeline/timeline-post-war.htm
MARTIAL LAW PERIOD (1972-1985)
The Martial law period can be described as the Era of Guided Media and the Rise of the Alternative Press.
Mass media controls were established. Editors and journalists were among the first to be arrested and incarcerated in military prison camps.
It was a time of Marcos media vs. Mosquito Press or the alternative press.
Media ownership became more concentrated in the hands of a few individuals or families close to the regime.
There was monopolistic ownership of telecommunications by the regime's favored relatives and friends. Telephoney was monopolized by the
Philippine Long Distance Telephone Company, domestic satellite by DomSat Phils., and Cable Television by Sining Makulay.
"Transnationalization" of the Philippine telecommunication started as Marcos cronies were forced to enter into joint venture with foreign partners
because of the capital-intensive nature of telecommunications. Among foreign partners were Cable and Wireless, Marubeni, and Siemens GTE.
We Forum, started out as a weekly for the youth; became forerunner of what was called, the alternative press in the early 1980s together with
the Philippine Collegian of the University of the Philippines
In the 70s, Press Foundation for Asia batted for development Journalism, highlighting issues and events on population, science and technology,
health, nutrition and education. Its proponents were Juan Mercado, Alan Chalkley, Jose Luna Castro and Romeo Abundo.
The 1980s saw the Emergence of the Alternative Press.
The assasination in 1983 of Senator Benigno Aquino released the floodgates of press freedom in the Philippines.
Xerox journalism and cassette journalism made it impossible for the Marcos regime to suppress information on the tragic assasination of Aquino.
There was the pre-eminence of radio as instrument of change: Radio Veritas and Radyo Bandido.
Campus publications took an activist stand on social issues.
The Philippine Daily Inquirer founded on December 9, 1985 became the leading newspaper after the EDSA Revolution in 1986.
MARTIAL LAW PERIOD (1972-1985)

Milestones of the Period include:
- Emergence of the Development Communication as a field of study and as a profession (1970)
- Publication of communication and journalism books by Filipino authors (1967, 1977, 1979, etc.)
- Convening of the UNESCO International Commission for the Study of Communication (McBride Commission), 1977
- In December 1972, government information officers organized the Public Relations Organizations of the Philippines (PROP) to foster stronger
fellowship and cooperation among its members and to raise the status of PR practitioners in the government through continuing education.
- In 1973, the Kapisanan ng mga Brodkaster sa Pilipinas (KBP) was organized to provide mechanism for self-regulation in the broadcast industry.
- Communication Foundation for Asia founded 1975 by Fr. Cornelio Lagerway, MSC pioneered in use of mass media in spreading the Word of God.
- In 1976, UPLB Dept of Development Communication was the 1st institution in the world to offer undergraduate and graduate DevCom courses
- The very first presidential decree reorganized the government bureaucracy and created the Department of Public Information, a first in Philippine
History.
- Marcos ordered all mass media closed except for the government radio and TV stations in Manila - the Voice of the Philippines, (operated by the
National Media Production Center) and the stations of the Philippine Broadcasting System.
- Far East Broadcasting Network, owned and operated by Protestant missionaries was allowed to resume operation on September 25, 1972.
- All leading pre-martial law metropolitan newspapers and magazines were closed down. They include: Manila Times and sister-paper Daily Mirror;
Manila Chronicle; Philippines Free Press, the Graphic, and the Nation.
- Manila Bulletin was the only newspaper that was exempted from being closed down by Marcos; on November 22, 1972 it was revived under the
new name, Bulletin Today.
- Daily Express, then four months old (established June 1972) was allowed to resume operations (Juan Perez was Publisher; reportedly owned by
Roberto S. Benedicto)
- Ch 9 was allowed to resume operations (Kanlaon Broadcasting Corporation, later renamed Radio Philippine Network, also owned by Benedicto)
- Benedicto, a close Marcos ally took control of: (a) Radio Philippines network (6 TV, 15 radio stations); (b) Banahaw Broadcasting Corporation (2
TV, 7 radio stations); (c) Inter-island Broadcasting Corporation (8 TV, 4 radio stations)
- Benedicto was also a major stockholder in telecommunications enterprises: (a) Domestic Satellite Corp.; (b) Nivico Philippines, Inc.; (c) Oceanic
Winders Corp.; and (d) Eastern Telecommunications Philippines Inc.
http://ww2.aijc.com.ph/PCCF/mediamuseum/timeline/timeline-martial-law.htm
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EDSA PERIOD (1986)

The assassination of opposition leader Ninoy Aquino, Jr. in August 1983 proved to be a turning point in media. There emerged what was then
known as alternative media - radio and newspapers which defied government instructions on how to handle news stories.
Alternative media enjoyed greater credilbility than pro- Marcos "establishment media
People opted for xerox journalism. These were news clippings mostly from foreign newspaper and magazines and smuggled into the country by
friends and relatives.
So-called alternative media nurtured the democratic and freedom-loving spirit of the silent majority and prepared them for the EDSA Revolution.
Church-owned Radio Veritas mobilized people power to support the rebel soldiers against Marcos military power
Millions of Filipinos followed the historic event from the clandestine Radyo Bandido anchored by broadcaster June Keithley.
http://ww2.aijc.com.ph/PCCF/mediamuseum/timeline/timeline-edsa.htm
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POST-EDSA PERIOD (1986 - )
The post-EDSA was a period of transition from decades of "guided newspapering" to that of free and responsible journalism
Pro- Marcos "establishment" newspapers closed shop while the alternative press became the mainstream media
The Aquino government sequestered Pro-Marcos establishment newspapers, the Journal group of Publications, Bulletin Today and Philippine Daily
Express
Major broadcast stations owned by Marcos cronies were also sequestered by the Aquino government
The Philippine Press Institute was revived. Its mission was to professionalize the Philippine press through continuing education, adoption of the
Journalists Code of Ethics, and the giving of Community Press Awards
In 1989, the Advertising Foundation of the Philippines was organized as the "social development" arm of the industry through development
advertising
The period saw media personalities invading politics
There was the liberalization and deregulation of the telecom sector and the emergence of mass-based Information Technologies (PCs, cellular
technology
http://ww2.aijc.com.ph/PCCF/mediamuseum/timeline/timeline-post-edsa.htm
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Timeline of Significant Events in Philippine Cyberage

The Internet boom came late for the Filipino people, but even if they initially lagged behind in the global pacing they made up for it in less than 10
years, becoming avid users of Internet and shortly after, wireless communications. As the Filipino culture discovered the ability to harness the uses
of the Internet, they became addicted to it. Thus began the Cyberage of the Filipino.
1994
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
March
The collaborative work of Computer Network Systems Corporation (ComNet), the Department of Science and Technology (DOST)
and major Universities of the Philippines connected their wide area network (PhilNet/PhNet) to the United States via a leased line.
The Philippines had officially entered the world of the Global Internet.
October
Mosaic Communications, Inc. (MosCom) becomes the first commercial Internet Service Provider (ISP).
Chuck Gardner starts Cyberbayan, a listing of Filipino sites, making it the countrys first online directory.
US-based Ken Ilio starts Tribong Pinoy and Tanikalang Ginto, the first comprehensive site directory.
De La Salle University becomes the first educational institution to put up a Web site.
1995
March
The Public Telecommunications Act of the Philippines is signed into law, which among other things removed the need for valueadded service (VAS) providers to secure a franchise.
June
- Globe Telecom launches G-Net Internet service.
- US company Sequel Concepts, Inc. sets up Infocom Technologies, Inc.
August
Ticketworld offers online ticketing.
October
Businessworld Internet Edition, the countrys first newspaper to go online, launches.
November

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2002
2003
Davao-based Web Link becomes the first cyber caf in the country.
December
- Urban Bank announces plans to set up online virtual bank.
- MailStation Net becomes first walk-in Internet access provider
1996
January
- Global Systems Interconnect, Inc. (GSI), the first Cebu-based ISP, sets up and later launches G-Spot, the countrys first search
engine.
- Subic announces plan to become a cybercity.
February
- Compuserve plans launch of Asia-Pacific service, including the Philippines.
- The Philippines joins the Internet 1996 World Exposition, an online virtual exhibit.
- Eiger Consulting & Information Systems (ECIS) sets up second Internet caf in Katipunan, Quezon City.
March
- Department of Science and Technology Secretary William Padolina backs Internet freedom.
April
- PLDT buys majority stake in Infocom. Senator Orlando Mercado files resolution seeking an inquiry into Net porn.
- ABS-CBN becomes first local TV network to put up a Web site, through ABS-CBN Interactive.
June
- Filipinas Heritage Library unveils Bibliotech Internet Caf.
- AMA launches its own ISP, AMANet, Inc.
- ISPs form association, Philippine Internet Service Organization (PISO).

1994
1996
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
May
- Bankard announces plan to offer home shopping and electronic payment transactions online via Bankard Online.
July
- Bayantel launches ISP, Bayan.Net.
September
- Cybernet launches Powerhouse.net, a media portal aggregating various publications similar to Time-Warners Pathfinder.
- Portal Inc. introduces beeper-to-email capability.
- Mecklermedia and Sequel Concepts Inc. organize highly-successful Internet World Philippines 96 at the Shangri-la EDSA Plaza
Hotel.
- Netscape a no-show at Internet World 96 Browser Brawl, pitting Netscape Navigator 3.0 versus Microsoft Internet Explorer 3.0.
November
- Web Philippines, Inc. puts up online directory, Sentro, and job site, Trabaho.com.
December
- Subic unveils cybercity.
1997
February
- Internet directory and search engine Yehey launches.
- Rival directory and search engine EDSA also launches.
March
- Webscape Philippines offers the first prepaid Internet card, Internet Axess.
April

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1997
1995
1996
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2002
2003
- AOL eyes Subic as base for international service center. PISO blocks PLDTs metering plan.
May
- Urban Bank introduces its Home Virtual Banking (HVB) system to corporate and individual clients, becoming the first to offer true
Internet banking services.
- EpiCNet announces cable Internet access roll-out.
- Abbygale Arenas wins Ms. Photogenic at the Ms. Universe 1997 pageant, based on online votes.
- Clark launches own Philippine Cyber City.
June
- Cyberville Online announces plan to build proprietary online Cybermall.
July
- Philnet launched SARNET (Science, Academe, and Research Network), to connect more than 2,000 schools.
- PLDT launches PhIX (Philippine Internet Exchange), which interconnects local ISPs. It allows local Internet Service Providers,
with a primary connection to the global Internet, to access and exchange local Internet transactions without accessing the Global
Internet.
- Bancnet becomes first ATM consortium to operate as an ISP to its member banks.
August
- Satellite communications in the country Satellite technology now links Metro Manila government stations to all regions of the
country.
- The Mabuhay Philippines Satellite Corporation launched the first Philippine satellite, the Agila II
September
- IDGs Internet Commerce Expo opens, organized by WS Expositions Group.
- PLDT and Globe Telecom plan to offer ISDN.

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1997
1995
1996
1997
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2001
2002
2003
October
- Portal Inc. enables the Philippine Stock Exchange (PSE) to offer online, real-time stock quotes.
- Witcomm International Corp. launches WebTV.
- Team Mail, the first local free e-mail provider, is established.
November
- NTC decides against PISO on metering.
- Cyberspace, Inc. takes over Cybernet, leaving clients unable to access their e-mail accounts and hosted Web sites.
1998
January
- Congressman Leandro Verceles Jr.s RPWeb initiative that will connect more than 12,000 government offices and schools is
signed by President Fidel Ramos.
February
- Asian ISPs gather in Manila for Apricot 98 (Asia Pacific Rim Internet Conference on Operational Technologies).
- ZakNet launches satellite Internet service.
March
- PHnet launches second Internet exchange, PhNet IX.
- WS Computer Publishing Corp. buys Fiesta Online, which operates Yehey.
- Government sets up e-commerce council.
- Pinoymail launches, offering free Web-based e-mail.
- Dino Ignacios Bert is Evil wins the IDG-organized, San Francisco-based Webby Awards for the Weird category.
May
- AOL begins Clark operations.
- Centennial celebration sites proliferate.

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June
- PLDT moves back metering plan to April 1999.
- Philippine Internet Commerce Society (PICS) is formed.
July
-Senator Juan Flavier calls for Senate inquiry on metering.
August
- US-based international ISP Neptune8 opens local office, stirring a major flame war on ph-cyberview.
- Police raid knocks out Subic cybercity computer systems.
- Congressman Leandro Verceles Jr. proposes formation of a Department of Information Technology and Communications
(DITC).
September
- Consumer advocacy group PLDTi (Philippine League of Democratic Telecommunications, Inc.) is formed, partly to combat phone
metering.
October
- Cable TV operator Destiny Cable launches cable Internet service.
- William Padolina proposes new laws on e-commerce.
- Globe Telecom is first to offer VSAT.
- San Miguel Beer Online, the first local site to accept online payments, is launched.
December
- The first Philippine Webby Awards, organized by The Web Philippines magazine, plays to a mix of geeks and celebs at the Hard
Rock Caf.
- Magoos Pizzas Web site, a pioneer in web-to-fax ordering technology, wins E-Commerce Site of the Year.
- Philmusic.com grabs the Web Site of the Year award.
- Yehey hosts Web site of Bb. Pilipinas pageant

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January
- The NTC suspends Provisional Authority (PA) of PLDTs metering scheme.
February
- Hacking activity against local ISPs such as Sky Internet, Infocom, and Pacific Internet increases.
May
- Digitel becomes first phone company to directly offer Net access.
July
- PinoyExchange, a popular online message board, launches.
- E-Store Exchange, one of the few B2C success stories, launches.
September
- PLDT sues Gerry Kaimo on dispute over PLDT.com.
- Destiny launches cable Internet service anew.
- Ayala eCenter launches.
October
- Philweavers, a web development community, is formed.
November
- Net registry DotPH opens up .ph to international market and hikes fees.
December
- Union Bank of the Philippines launches Internet bank, unionbankph.com, and then successful launches EON, its youth-targeted
Internet bank account.

1994
2000
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
January
- Catcha.com buys into Yehey.
- Sky Cable offers dial-up Net access.
- Centennial City is renamed Cyber Bay Corporation.
- Roberto Ongpins group breaks from Philcom amid controversy, buys into South Seas Natural Resources to form PhilWeb.com,
and becomes first Internet company in the stock exchange via a backdoor listing.
February
- MP3Manila.com launches.
- Extelcom announces Internet plans.
- Sky Cable launches ZPDee, its cable Internet service.
- Home Cable launches Now Cable Internet service.
- PLDT launches international Internet gateway, I-Gate.
- A Cebu ordinance banning minors from Internet cafes is passed and subsequently opposed.
March
- Edsamail offers ISP-free e-mail.
- Zurich Philippines first to offer insurance premium payments online.
- Local tech stocks reach their peak, followed by a sharp drop, finally bursting the speculative bubble.
April
- Senator Tito Sotto files bill seeking to install software filters on computers of school libraries that offer Internet access.
- The Catholic Bishops Conference of the Philippines (CBCP) launches CBCPnet.com, its kid-safe ISP.
- NCC pushes for universal Net access.
- Infocom offers its filtering service, Netsafe.
- The Love Bug virus, later traced to Filipino student Onel de Guzman, wreaks worldwide havoc.
June
2003

1994
2000
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
- E-commerce bill passed into law.

- The National Information Technology Council (NITC) approves the five-year Government Information Systems Plan (GISP), also
known as the Philippine Government Online.
July
- Six conglomerates announces formation of B2B online exchange, Bayantrade.
- ABS-CBN launches its Internet portal, PinoyCentral.
- Sage Casino launches.
August
- Pager company Easycall Communications transforms into an ISP.
- Senator Tito Sottos proposed anti-cybersquatting bill draws flak, in reaction to a certain Mario Cruz who registers several
domains of names of senators.
- Onel de Guzman is released due to lack of law.
- Meridian Telekoms, the first Internet telecommunications company offering broadband wireless connectivity, is launched.
September
- Systems Standards, Inc. launches PhilBX, an e-marketplace for SMEs.
- Senator Tito Sotto proposes a service area scheme for ISPs, drawing a cool response.
- Globe offers DSL (Digital Subscriber Line), the first telco to launch it (PLDT was first to announce but the service was still in its
testing phase).
- Informatics Holdings Philippines, Inc. launches a Web-based learning portal, PurpleTrain.com, the first e-learning vertical portal in
Asia.
October
- ELagda.com, which sought to gather a million online signatures to petition the resignation of President Joseph Erap Estrada, is
launched.
- DFNN gets listed in the Philippine Stock Exchange through an IPO.

1994
2000
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
November
- Cyberactivism flourishes with sites like TAG (Transparent Accountable Governance) and anti-Erap sites.
- eLagda.com organizers sends an e-mail petition to President Joseph Estrada to resign.
- Asia Online realigns, becoming a full-service Internet consulting firm.
- PLDT rolls out DSL.
December
- BPI spins off BPI Direct Savings Bank, merging its Internet and call center operations.
- Meridian Telekoms introduces fixed wireless broadband service.
- DTI releases ISP guidelines for VAS providers.
- PLDT launches Vitro, its Internet Data Center.
2001
January
- Erap.com shuts down as web developer Designet Philippines breaks up.
- Complaints about DotPH mount in ph-cyberview and a flame war ensues, leading to an organized opposition against the local
registry.
- Selecta Dairy Products forms alliance with The Philippine Star to form Internet firm, Philstar.com.
February
- Telcos block VoIP guidelines.
- NTC proposes optional metering.
- CHED partners with Net Curricula to train the faculty of more than 100 state colleges and universities.
- The owners of GMA Network and MediaQuest Holdings Inc. sign a memorandum of understanding for the purchase of 66.6% of
the broadcast firm for P8.5 billion.
- BSP grants authority to 10 banks to operate electronic banking transactions.
- DBM announces its Electronic Procurement System (EPS) for online public bidding.
- GMA Network and the Philippine Daily Inquirer forge online alliance, Inq7.net Interactive.
March

1994
2001
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
- PLDT invests in Netopia Computer Technologies, Inc.

- PISO complains about PLDTs pricing for its myDSL service.
- Inter.net acquires Philippine operations of PSINET.
- Sky Cable and Home Cable merge.
- Yahoo!, Inc. wins dispute against Manila-based Yahoo Computer Services (YCS) for registering the domain names
"yahoo.com.ph" and "yahoo.ph" with DotPH, Inc.
- Smart Communications launches GPRS service.
April
- DOST proposed Alternative Communications Plan (ACP) to provide telecenters in all municipalities.
- President Arroyo takes over ITECC chairmanship.
- Chikka launches instant messenger service for sending SMS from PCs.This became very useful for overseas Filipinos sending
messages from countries with easier access to PCs and the Internet. It also shows the predominance of SMS (short messege
sending) over Internet in the Philippines. This is mainly due to the availability of service and low price of equipment (handsets
versus computers).
May
- Two former employees of THAMES International School (TIS) become the first to be charged for hacking, piracy, and theft under
the E-Commerce Act.
- Election watchdog ational Citizen's Movement for Free Elections (Namfrel) makes use of Internet for Operation Quick Count.
June
- RCBC makes Internet main delivery channel for enterprise banking services.
- PISO takes DSL complaint vs. PLDT to NTC.
August
- THE Philippine Multimedia Systems Inc. (PMSI) and AZ Communication Network Inc.
- (AzCom) gear up to offer Dream VSAT.
- Internet pioneer Willy Gan passes away.

1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2001
October
- Bell Telecommunications, a full-service telco, starts operations.
- Government portal www.gov.ph original designers K2 Interactive left in the dark as the Presidential Management Staff hands over
project to Microsoft Philippines.
2002
February
- Top executives lead Inter.net exodus.
- Department of Justice throws out Disinis libel appeal.
2003
April
Photo Blogging makes use of cameras on MMS (Multi Messaging Service) cellular phones to send pictures to websites such as
Blogs.
SOURCE: http://www.itnetcentral.com/Nethistory/html/_evolution.htm
!
http://ww2.aijc.com.ph/PCCF/mediamuseum/timeline/timeline-cyber.htm
2003

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Philippine Media History

PRE-SPANISH PERIOD (Ancient times 1521)

News dissemination via print was done by

In 1811, the first newspaper, Del Superior

In 1862, El Pasig, a bilingual fortnightly in Spanish

Ramillete Patriotico was published in 1821.

Diariong Tagalog, the first native daily, came out in

SPANISH PERIOD (1521-1900)

AMERICAN PERIOD (1898-1940)

Manila Bulletin, oldest continuously

In 1920, Manuel L. Quezon established

In 1931, Radio Control Law was promulgated

Philippine Publicity Service, the first Advertising

Norman Reyes anchored Voice of Freedom.

AMERICAN PERIOD (1898-1940)

In 1924, KZKZ radio operating at 100-watts

POST-WAR PERIOD (1946-1969)

POST-WAR PERIOD (1946-1969)

POST-WAR PERIOD (1946-1969)

MARTIAL LAW PERIOD (1972-1985)

EDSA PERIOD (1986)

Timeline of Significant Events in Philippine Cyberage

Timeline of Significant Events in Philippine Cyberage

Timeline of Significant Events in Philippine Cyberage

Timeline of Significant Events in Philippine Cyberage

Timeline of Significant Events in Philippine Cyberage

Timeline of Significant Events in Philippine Cyberage

Timeline of Significant Events in Philippine Cyberage

Timeline of Significant Events in Philippine Cyberage

Timeline of Significant Events in Philippine Cyberage

- E-commerce bill passed into law.

Timeline of Significant Events in Philippine Cyberage

Timeline of Significant Events in Philippine Cyberage

- PLDT invests in Netopia Computer Technologies, Inc.

Timeline of Significant Events in Philippine Cyberage

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